Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

PNP

Specialty Definition: PNP

DomainDefinition

Computing

PNP 1. A type of bipolar transistor consisting of a layer of N-doped semiconductor (the "base") between two P-doped layers (the "collector" and "emitter"). PNP transistors are commonly operated with the emitter at ground and the collector at a negative voltage. In the 1960s, the germanium PNP transistor was the cheapest and best for use at ordinary temperatures. The leakage current from collector to base in this type of device is larger than for the silicon transistor, and also varies more with temperature. The effect of these deficiencies can be lessened by proper biasing and feedback, which can make the circuit both serviceable and reliable. Neither germanium nor PNP transistors are as common today. The voltages used on a PNP transistor are inverted when compared with vacuum tubes. Further, the behaviour of vacuum tubes is usually described in terms of voltages whereas transistors are better described in terms of current. 2. plug and play. (1997-05-05). Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Definition: PNP

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

See:

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "PNP."

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"PNP" is a common misspelling or typo for: pap, pep, pip, pop, pup.


Crosswords: PNP

Specialty definitions using "PNP": bipolar transistorExtended System Configuration Data. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Abbreviations & Acronyms: PNP

The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted.
EntrySourceExpressionField

PNP

EnglishPhilippine National PoliceN/A

PNP

FrenchPurine nucléoside phosphorylaseMedicine

pnp

GermanPositiv-negativ-positivElectrical Engineering, Physics

PNP

ItalianPurina nucleoside fosforilasiMedicine

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Modern Usage: PNP

DomainUsage

Movie/TV Titles

PNP de luxe (2000)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Commercial Usage: PNP

DomainTitle

Books

  • Law enforcement : Philippine criminal justice system : PNP law and its implementing regulations : Republic Act no. 6975 (reference)

  • Realization and optimization of pnp transistors in a modular CBiCMOS process for analog and smart-power applications (reference)

    (more book examples)

  

High Tech

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Non-Fiction Usage: PNP

SubjectTopicQuote

Economic History

Jamaica

Local elections were held in 1998, when the PNP won a decisive victory. (references)

Jamaica

Patterson subsequently led the PNP to victory in general elections in 1993 and in December 1997. The 1997 victory marked the first time any Jamaican political party has won three consecutive general elections since the introduction of universal suffrage to Jamaica in 1944. The current composition of the lower house of Jamaica's Parliament is 49 PNP and 11 JLP. The JLP won a long-held PNP parliamentary seat in a March 2001 by-election. (references)

Ghana

Limann's PNP government announced yet another (2-year) reconstruction program, emphasizing increased food production and productivity, exports, and transport improvements. (references)

Human Rights

Philippines

In March nine PNP Special Action Force instructors were dismissed and charged with the crime of beating and hazing trainees. (references)

Peru

In the case of Walter Munarriz Escobar, who disappeared in 1999 after being taken into police custody in Huancavelica, a court found two of the six PNP officers guilty of committing a crime against humanity--forced disappearance--and sentenced them to 18 years in jail and fined them approximately $5,700 (20,000 soles). (references)

Jamaica

Police theorized that the murder was a reprisal for the September 3 killing of a former JLP activist who had switched allegiance to the PNP. Killings in the area soon escalated to a total of 14, although it was not clear that all were politically motivated. (references)

Indigenous People

Philippines

The Higaonon people in Mindanao claim that they continue to be deprived of portions of their ancestral land by a powerful local landowning family that forced their removal through a violent demolition conducted by the PNP and private security forces in 1997. The Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines continues to express concern over the effects of existing and planned large-scale mining on the land of the many indigenous people of Mindanao. (references)

Political Economy

Panama

PNP officers are suspected in the deaths of two men. (references)

Philippines

The Government's Commission on Human Rights (CHR), established under the 1987 Constitution, again described the PNP as the worst abuser of human rights, although complaints against the police decreased significantly compared with 2000. Police leaders at times appeared to sanction extrajudicial killings and brutality as expedient means of fighting crime. (references)

Political Rights

Jamaica

One of the 16 cabinet members is a woman, as is the PNP General Secretary. (references)

Jamaica

The PNP holds 46 of the 60 seats in Parliament; the opposition JLP holds 12. At year's end, two seats were vacant. (references)

Jamaica

The next national elections must be held by March 2003. Two political parties--the PNP and the JLP--have alternated in power since the first elections under universal adult suffrage in 1944; a third party--the National Democratic Movement (NDM)--was established in 1995 and another party--the United People's Party (UPP)--was formed during the year. (references)

Women

Philippines

The PNP and the DSWD both maintain women's help desks to assist victims of violence against women and to encourage the reporting of crimes. (references)

Philippines

Many PNP stations included female officers. (references)

Worker Rights

Philippines

It conducts public information and sectoral education campaigns, and provides human rights training for other government agencies, including the PNP. The Government, in cooperation with the U.N. Center for International Crime Prevention has implemented a pilot project, "Coalitions against Trafficking in Human Beings in the Philippines." The project's action plan outlines a 2-year strategy for improving interagency coordination, strengthening law enforcement, and developing strategies to assist victims. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Usage Frequency: PNP

"PNP" is generally used as a noun (proper) -- approximately 99.24% of the time. "PNP" is used about 264 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Noun (proper)99.24%26218,239
Noun (common)0.76%2245,945
                    Total100.00%264N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Expression: PNP

Hyphenated Usage

Beginning with "PNP": pnp-style.

Ending with "PNP": post-pnp.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: PNP

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

pnp

151

3d asound pnp

7

chip pnp sound

57

pnp sex

6

chip driver pnp sound

35

686 award pci pnp

6

pnp transistor

29

336 modem pnp u v1433vqh

6

adult pnp spanking

16

driver pnp sound

6

audio codec crystal pnp system

13

fallout pnp

5

cirrus logic modem pnp v34

12

chip download pnp sound

5

gay pnp

12

586 award pci pnp

5

audio crystal pnp system

11

driver pnp

5

586 pci pnp

10

pnp script

5

chip download driver pnp sound

10

audio crystal driver pnp

5

crystal pnp

10

d f hsp k56flex modem pc pnp tel v

5

audio crystal pnp

9

mirc pnp

5

transistor npn pnp

7

hsp k56flex modem pnp

4

awe64 creative pnp sb

7

audio crystal driver pnp system

4

npn pnp

7

isa pnp

4

cirrus driver logic modem pnp v34

7

bios pnp

4

686 pci pnp

7

cirrus logic pnp v34

4

pnp sound

7

autodrive ess pnp

3

crystal driver pnp

7

3d asound driver pnp

3
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Anagrams: PNP

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

 Words containing the letters "n-p-p"
 

+2 letters: nappe, nappy, nippy, pinup.

 

+3 letters: append, happen, keppen, kippen, lippen, napped, napper, nappes, nappie, nipped, nipper, nipple, oppugn, papain, pepsin, petnap, pigpen, pinups, piping, pipkin, pippin, pompon, popgun, poplin, rappen, snappy, snippy, upping.

 

+4 letters: appends, appoint, bopping, capping, copping, cupping, dapping, dipping, dupping, fopping, gapping, genipap, gipping, gypping, happens, happing, hipping, hopping, kepping, kipping, knapped, knapper, knopped, lapping, lippens, lipping, lopping, mapping, mopping, nappers, nappier, nappies, napping, nippers, nippier, nippily, nipping, nippled, nipples, oppidan, oppugns, pampean, panoply, panpipe, papains, papayan, paphian, parsnip, peeping, pepping, pepsine, pepsins, peptone, perpend, perpent, petnaps, pigpens, pimping, pinesap, pipings, pipkins, pipping, pippins, playpen, plumpen, pogonip, pompano, pompons, pooping, popcorn, popguns, poplins, popping, preplan, propane, propend, propene, propine, propman, propmen, propone, pulping, pumping, pumpkin, pupping, pushpin, rapping, rappini, ripping, sapping, shippen, shippon, sipping, snapped, snapper, snipped, snipper, snippet, sopping, supping, tapping, tipping, topping, topspin, tupping, unhappy, uppings, wapping, yapping, yipping, zapping, zipping.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

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Alternative Orthography: PNP


Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

50 4E 50

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)

=

Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)

Braille (1829, in France) (references)

Morse Code (1836) (references)

.--.    -.    .--.

Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

01010000 01001110 01010000

HTML Code (1990) (references)

&#80 &#78 &#80

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

0050 004E 0050

British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

504850

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INDEX

1. Definition
2. Crosswords
3. Usage: Modern
4. Usage: Commercial
5. Quotations: Non-fiction
6. Usage Frequency
7. Expressions
8. Expressions: Internet
9. Abbreviations
10. Acronyms
11. Anagrams
12. Orthography
13. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.