Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Plum |
PlumAdverb1. (informal) exactly; "fell plumb in the middle of the puddle". 2. (slang) completely; used as intensifiers; "clean forgot the appointment"; "I'm plumb (or plum) tuckered out". Noun1. Any of several trees producing edible oval smooth-skinned fruit with a single hard stone. 2. Any of numerous varieties of small to medium-sized round or oval smooth-skinned fruit with a single pit. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "plum" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1532. (references) |
Etymology: Plum \Plum\, noun. [Anglo-Saxon pl[=u]me, from Latin prunum; akin to Greek. Compare to Prunea dried plum.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | PLUM A compiler for a substantial subset of PL/I for the Univac 1100, from the University of Maryland. ["PL/I Programming with PLUM", M.V. Zelkowitz, Paladin House, 1978]. (1995-02-23). Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing. |
19th Century Satire | A fruit that ripens and falls from the Political Tree--but only after careful grafting. Source: Foolish Dictionary, 1904. |
Biology & Biotechnology | Dark plum-shaped blotches in the grain of wood. Source: European Union. (references) |
Literature | Plum A plum bed (Devonshire). A soft bed, in which the down lies light. The dough plums well (Devonshire). Rises well, and will not be heavy. The cake is nice and plum (Devonshire). Light. (Plump, swelled out.) He is worth a plum. The Spanish pluma means both plumage and wealth. Hence tiene pluma (he has feathered his nest). We arbitrarily place this desideratum at 50,000 has got only half a plum. "Either a plum or a plumstone"- i.e. "Aut Casar aut nullus." Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Mining | A. A large random-shaped stone dropped into a large-scale mass of concrete to economize on the volume of the concrete. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A plum is a stone-fruit tree in the Prunus family. Its fruit is sweet, juicy and edible, and it can be eaten fresh or used in jam-making or other recipes. Dried plums are known as prunes. Prunes are sweet and juicy, and they have a very high fibre content, so prune juice is often used to help regulate the functioning of the digestive system. Prune marketers in the United States have, in recent years, begun marketing their product as "dried plums".
Plums come in a wide variety of colours and sizes. Some are much firmer-fleshed than others and some have yellow, white, green or red flesh, with equally varying skin colour.
Plum species in use today include:
- greengage plum (firm, green flesh and skin even when ripe)
- satsuma plum (firm red flesh with a red skin)
- golden or yellowgage plum (like the greengage, but yellow)
- Prunus domesticus (common commercially-grown European plum)
- Prunus insititia (damson plum)
- Prunus salicina (Japanese plum)
Larger bluebyrd plum When it flowers in the early spring, a plum tree will be covered in blossom, and in a good year approximately 50% of the flowers will be pollinated and become plums. If the weather is too dry the plums will not develop past a certain stage, but will fall from the tree while still tiny green buds, and if it is unseasonably wet or if the plums are not harvested as soon as they are ripe, the fruit may develop a fungal condition called brown rot. Brown rot is not toxic, and very small affected areas can be cut out of the fruit, but unless the rot is caught immediately the fruit will no longer be edible.
In June 21, 1964, the Legislative Yuan of the Republic of China declared plum blossom to be the national flower. To the Taiwanese, the five petals flowers symbolize the five major nationalities of China (the Han, Manchu, Mongol, Hui, and Zang), and the five virtues (humanity, loyalty, ritual, wisdom, and trust).
Plum was a nickname for P. G. Wodehouse.
See also
- Fruit trees
- Fruit tree forms
- Pruning fruit trees
- Fruit tree propagation
Food | List of fruits | List of vegetables Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Plum."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Plum is a borough located in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. As of the 2000 census, the borough had a total population of 26,940.Geography
Plum is located at 40°29'39" North, 79°45'16" West (40.494110, -79.754477)1. According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of 75.1 km² (29.0 mi²). 74.2 km² (28.6 mi²) of it is land and 1.0 km² (0.4 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 1.34% water.Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there are 26,940 people, 10,270 households, and 7,692 families residing in the borough. The population density is 363.3/km² (941.0/mi²). There are 10,624 housing units at an average density of 143.3/km² (371.1/mi²). The racial makeup of the borough is 95.60% White, 2.76% African American, 0.09% Native American, 0.86% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.17% from other races, and 0.51% from two or more races. 0.62% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 10,270 households out of which 34.1% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.6% are married couples living together, 8.5% have a female householder with no husband present, and 25.1% are non-families. 21.5% of all households are made up of individuals and 8.6% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.60 and the average family size is 3.06. In the borough the population is spread out with 24.8% under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 31.1% from 25 to 44, 24.8% from 45 to 64, and 13.2% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 38 years. For every 100 females there are 95.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 91.9 males. The median income for a household in the borough is $48,386, and the median income for a family is $52,807. Males have a median income of $40,788 versus $27,722 for females. The per capita income for the borough is $20,863. 5.3% of the population and 4.0% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total people living in poverty, 6.0% are under the age of 18 and 7.8% are 65 or older.Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Plum, Pennsylvania."
Synonyms: PlumSynonyms: clean (adv), plumb (adv), plum tree (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Five | Thousand, chiliad; millennium, thousand years, grand; myriad; ten thousand, ban, man; ten thousand years, banzai; lac, one hundred thousand, plum; million; thousand million, milliard, billion, trillion; |
Money | Petty cash, pocket money, change, small change, small coin, doit, stiver, rap, mite, sou, penny, shilling, tester, groat, guinea; rouleau; wampum; good sum, round sum, lump sum; power of money, plum, lac of rupees. |
Sweetness | Sugar, syrup, treacle, molasses, honey, manna; confection, confectionary; sweets, grocery, conserve, preserve, confiture, jam, julep; sugar-candy, sugar-plum; licorice, marmalade, plum, lollipop, bonbon, jujube, comfit, sweetmeat; apple butter, caramel, damson, glucose; maple sirup, maple syrup, maple sugar; mithai, sorghum, taffy. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Professor Plum, you were once a professor of psychiatry specializing in helping paranoid and homicidal lunatics suffering from delusions of grandeur (Clue; writing credit: Jonathan Lynn.) It is a very plum plum (The English Patient; writing credit: Anthony Minghella) You know, this isn't exactly a plum assignment for me either (Dark Angel; writing credit: Ben Aaronovitch; Mark Ezra) he run himself plum to death (Cool Hand Luke; writing credit: Donn Pearce) These days love is marriage, and the compensation is alimony; love these days is bravery under fire, and the compensation is medals; love is a donation of party funds, and the compensation is a political plum; love is some lady you left back in St. Louis, or a fast haul in the back seat of an automobile (Billion Dollar Brain; writing credit: Len Deighton; John McGrath) | |
Lyrics | Out of the tree go pick a plum (Androgyny; performing artist: Garbage) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Le Major Plum Pouding (1969) Sugar Plum Papa (1930) The Plum Tree (1914) Ned Blessing... Return to Plum Creek (1993) It's Called the Sugar Plum (1991) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References | |||
Books |
| ||
Periodicals |
| ||
Theater & Movies | |||
High Tech |
| ||
Consumer Goods |
| ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | From an overhead angle, a peach, a nectarine, a cherry tomato and a plum sit on a green marble table garnished with a stem of green leaves. The script text in the lower third reads: "Include 2-3 servings of fruit each day". Shot on 4x5 format. This was used in the 1989 calendar "Eat for Good Health" August 1989. See artwork: PV-19. Credit: Bill Branson (photographer). |  | Plum Brook Aerial View. Credit: NASA. |
 | Skylab Shroud in Plum Brook Space Power Facility. Credit: NASA. |  | Waquoit Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. Beach plum - Prunus maritima at Swift Bluff. Credit: National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERR). |
 | Bluebyrd plum. P. Credit: USDA ARS News; photo by Scott Bauer.. |  | He put in his thumb and he pulled out a plum --. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | And pulled out a plum -- we hope!. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Plantation store, Plum Bayou, Arkansas. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | One of the Plum Bayou Homesteads, Arkansas. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Juliette Day as Moy Fah Loy (Plum Blossom) in the play Yellow jacket. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| "Plum" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 97.56% of the time. "Plum" is used about 287 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 97.56% | 280 | 17,458 |
| Noun (proper) | 2.09% | 6 | 143,867 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 0.35% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 287 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "plum" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Plum | Last name | 1,000 | 13,434 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
| Country | Name |
| USA | Plum Creek Timber Co., Inc. |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
1. Plum, PA (borough, FIPS 61536) |
Expressions using "plum": Alleghany plum ♦ Allegheny plum ♦ american red plum ♦ August plum ♦ Australian plum ♦ Beach plum ♦ beach plum bush ♦ Blood plum ♦ Bullace plum ♦ Canada plum ♦ carissa plum ♦ cherry plum ♦ Chickasaw plum ♦ coco plum ♦ coco plum tree ♦ Cocoa plum ♦ common plum ♦ Damask plum ♦ damson plum ♦ damson plum tree ♦ date plum ♦ Gingerbread plum ♦ goose plum ♦ Gopher plum ♦ governor plum ♦ governor's plum ♦ Gray plum ♦ greengage plum ♦ Ground plum ♦ Guinea plum ♦ hog plum ♦ hog plum bush ♦ Indian plum ♦ Iowa plum ♦ japanese plum ♦ Madagascar plum ♦ Maiden plum ♦ marmalade plum ♦ moxie plum ♦ myrobalan plum ♦ Natal plum ♦ Orleans plum ♦ Pacific plum ♦ pigeon plum ♦ plum bird ♦ Plum Branch ♦ plum brandy ♦ plum budder ♦ plum cake ♦ Plum City ♦ plum curculio ♦ plum duff ♦ plum gouger ♦ Plum Grove ♦ plum jam ♦ plum job ♦ Plum Pox Virus ♦ plum pudding ♦ plum sauce ♦ Plum Springs ♦ plum tart ♦ plum tomato ♦ plum tree ♦ plum tub ♦ plum weevil ♦ sapodilla plum ♦ Sierra plum ♦ sour plum ♦ victoria plum ♦ wild plum ♦ wild plum of America ♦ wild plum tree. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "plum": plum-and-apple, plum-and-spilt-milk, plum-bloom, plum-coloured, plum-dent, plum-fruited yew, plum-like, plum-looking, plum-mouthed, plum-pickers, plum-pudding, plum-red, plum-sized, plum-stippled, plum-tree-cake, plum-yew, plum-yew family. | |
Ending with "plum": cherry-plum, date-plum, sugar-plum, willow-plum. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
plum | 336 | blue festival plum | 26 |
plum tree | 220 | plum pudding | 25 |
plum island | 143 | island ma plum | 23 |
plum creek | 70 | leaf plum purple tree | 23 |
plum recipe | 69 | brass plum | 23 |
plum jelly | 67 | agriculture plum | 23 |
jelly plum recipe | 65 | disease plum tree | 23 |
flowering plum tree | 56 | japanese plum tree | 22 |
plum jam | 49 | eves plum | 22 |
plum village | 45 | plum recipe wine | 22 |
stephanie plum | 45 | co plum publishing | 21 |
plum wine | 44 | botany in peach plum | 20 |
flowering plum | 38 | newport plum | 20 |
jam plum recipe | 37 | plum sauce | 20 |
leaf plum purple | 37 | purple plum | 20 |
plum creek timber | 34 | newport plum tree | 18 |
sugar plum | 31 | plum preserves | 17 |
purple plum tree | 31 | island massachusetts plum | 17 |
plum crazy | 31 | sugar plum fairy | 17 |
plum blossom | 30 | wild plum | 17 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "plum"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | llokum (cake, turkish delight), kumbull (pip), i shkëlqyer (admirable, bright, brilliant, capital, choice, copybook, corking, crack, cracking, Dandy, divine, excellent, fabulous, famous, fantastic, fantastical, fine, first rate, flamboyant, gaudy, glazy, glorious, glossy, gorgeous, great, heavenly, immense, marvellous, marvelous, perfect, pink, powerful, prize, pukka, rare, ripping, royal, smashing, splendid, splendiferous, whizzbang, wicked), gjë shumë e mirë, bojëvishnjë. (various references) | |
Arabic | لون أرجواني, قطعة حلوى, وظيفة محترمة, خوخ (peach), شىء ممتاز (extra), برقوق. (various references) | |
Bavarian | zwedschgn. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | стафида (currant, raisin), сливов, слива (plum tree), тъмновиолетов цвят, тлъст кокал, каймакът, лилав цвят, бонбон (bonbon, candy, comfit, confection, peach, sweet, sweetmeat, sweety), доходна служба. (various references) | |
Chinese | 李子 . (various references) | |
Czech | slíva (greengage), lepší èást, hrozinka (currant, raisin), dobrá vìc, švestka (plum tree). (various references) | |
Danish | blomme (egg yolk, yolk). (various references) | |
Dutch | pruim. (various references) | |
Esperanto | pruno. (various references) | |
Faeroese | blomma. (various references) | |
Farsi | کاریاچیزدلچسب , گوجه (Sloe), الوی برقانی . (various references) | |
Finnish | luumu (prune). (various references) | |
French | prune. (various references) | |
Frisian | prom. (various references) | |
German | Pflaume (dope, prune, snatch, twit), Zwetschge (damson). (various references) | |
Greek | δαμάσκηνο (damson, prune). (various references) | |
Hebrew | שזיף (prune). (various references) | |
Hungarian | szilva (prune), mazsola (cherry, dried currant, raisin). (various references) | |
Italian | prugna, susina. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | プラトンの問題 (plan, planetarium, plastic bottle, plastic model, Plato's problem, Prague), 李 (prune), 梅 (lowest, plum-tree), 巴旦杏 (almond). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | すもも (prune), プラ , うめ (lowest, plum-tree), はた"きょう (almond). (various references) | |
Korean | 자두 (Prune). (various references) | |
Manx | teiyt (fancy, high-grade, picked, selected, well-chosen), plumbis, mullee (culminant, of the summit). (various references) | |
Maori | puramu. (various references) | |
Maya | abal. (various references) | |
Mohawk | wihson kahik. (various references) | |
Norwegian | plomme. (various references) | |
Papiamen | preimu, prùim. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | umplay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | ameixa (prune). (various references) | |
Romanian | prunã, stafidã (currant, raisin, sultana), delacatesã. (various references) | |
Romansch | primbla. (various references) | |
Romany | kilyavìn. (various references) | |
Russian | сливовый, слива сливовый, слива, лакомый кусочек (tidbit), пудинг с изюмом (plum duff), полный (absolute, abysmal, all out, complete, corpulent, crowded, entire, exhaustive, floor-to-floor, flush, fraught, fubsy, full, full-bodied, full-length, implicit, in flesh, in the flesh, integrate, out and out, outright, overall, plenary, plug-to-plug, portly, rotund, round, seamless, teetotal, thorough, total, unabbreviated, unabridged, uncut, utter). (various references) | |
Scottish | plumbas , plumbais (a plum). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | šljivov, šljiva. (various references) | |
Shona | mutsvanzva (sour plum tree), mutsubvu (wild plum tree), munhunguru (Batoka plum tree). (various references) | |
Spanish | ciruela. (various references) | |
Swedish | plommon (magnum bonum). (various references) | |
Turkish | kuşüzümü (currant), ikramiye (bonus, bounty, gratification, gratuity, perk, perquisite, premium, prize, sweepstake), erik, en iyisi (arch, flagship, honey, the best, the best bet, the finest, topflighter, topnotcher), can atılan şey, beklenmedik kazanç, ballı lokma. (various references) | |
Turkmen | garaly (plum tree). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | ізюм (raisin), слива (prune), вертикальний (downright, non-laddering, nonrun, upright, vertical), очевидний (apparent, demonstrable, direct, downright, evident, evidential, gross, manifest, necessary, obvious, open, ostensible, overt, palpable, plain, pronounced, questionless, self evident, transparent, uncontested, unmistakable, utter). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | vật tốt nhất. (various references) | |
Welsh | eirinen. (various references) | |
Zulu | ipulamu, ilipulamu. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | prunis, prunum. (various references) |
| Old French | 900-1400 | pronne. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Daniel Chapter 13, Verse 58 |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Nunc ergo dic mihi sub qua arbore conprehenderis eos loquentes sibi qui ait sub prino |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | Now therfore saye to me, vndir what tree thou sawist hem spekynge to hem self? Whiche saith, Vndir a plum tree. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Daniel Chapter 13, Verse 58 |
| Croatian | Reci mi dakle pod kojim si ih drvetom zatekao zajedno!" On odgovori: "Pod jasikom." |
| Italian | Dimmi dunque, sotto quale albero li hai trovati insieme?». Rispose: «Sotto un leccio». |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "plum": plumage, plumaged, plumages, plumate, plumb, plumbago, plumbagos, plumbed, plumber, plumberies, plumbers, plumbery, plumbic, plumbing, plumbings, plumbism, plumbisms, plumbous, plumbs, plumbum, plumbums, plume, plumed, plumelet, plumelets, plumeria, plumerias, plumes, plumier, plumiest, pluming, plumiped, plumipeds, plumlike, plummet, plummeted, plummeting, plummets, plummier, plummiest, plummy, plumose, plump, plumped, plumpen, plumpened, plumpening, plumpens, plumper, plumpers, plumpest. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "plum": exemplum, peplum, sugarplum. (additional references) | |
Words containing "plum": deplume, deplumed, deplumes, depluming, displume, displumed, displumes, displuming, peplumed, peplums, replumb, replumbed, replumbing, replumbs, sugarplums, unplumbed. (additional references) | |
| |
"Plum" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: aplum, Bluhm, dlum, elum, ilum, olum, phleum, pium, plem, Plim, plimm, Pliun, ploem, plom, plon, Plru, plsm, plu, plud, plue, pluh, plumn, plun, Pluna, plup, plur, plusmn, plut, pluv, Pluym, plym, poum, prum, pulv, pum. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "plum" (pronounced plu"m) |
| 4 | p l u" m | Plumb. |
| 3 | -l u" m | glum, Lum, slum. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: lump. | |
| Words within the letters "l-m-p-u" | |
-1 letter: lum, pul, ump. | |
-2 letters: mu, um, up. | |
| Words containing the letters "l-m-p-u" | |
+1 letter: ampul, clump, flump, lumps, lumpy, plumb, plume, plump, plums, plumy, slump. | |
+2 letters: ampule, ampuls, clumps, clumpy, flumps, glumpy, lumped, lumpen, lumper, pablum, peplum, phylum, pileum, plenum, plumbs, plumed, plumes, plummy, plumps, pumelo, pummel, rumple, rumply, shlump, slumps. | |
+3 letters: ampoule, ampules, ampulla, bumpily, clumped, crumple, crumply, deplume, dumpily, flumped, galumph, impulse, jumpily, lumpens, lumpers, lumpier, lumpily, lumping, lumpish, mudflap, pablums, pabulum, pallium, peplums, plenums, plumage, plumate, plumbed, plumber, plumbic, plumbum, plumier, pluming, plummet, plumose, plumped, plumpen, plumper, plumply, plumule, primula, pullman, pumelos, pummelo, pummels, replumb, rumpled, rumples, schlump, shlumps, shlumpy, slumped, sunlamp, ulpanim, unclamp, upclimb. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Usage Frequency | 9. Names: Frequency 10. Names: Company Usage 11. Cities 12. Expressions | 13. Expressions: Internet 14. Translations: Modern 15. Translations: Ancient 16. Bible Trace | 17. Derivations 18. Rhymes 19. Anagrams 20. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
