Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Phosphate |
PhosphateNoun1. A salt of phosphoric acid. 2. Carbonated drink with fruit syrup and a little phosphoric acid. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "phosphate" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1839. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Mining | A. n. Any mineral containing essential tetrahedral phosphate, (PO4 )3- , structural entities; e.g., apatite, amblygonite, or monazite. b. A mineral commodity supplying phosphorus, usually for agricultural or chemical purposes. The source materials for phosphate are marine phosphorite and, less commonly, guano and apatite-rich igneous rocks. c. Adj., phosphatic. Pertaining to or containing phosphates or phosphoric acid; said esp. of a sedimentary rock containing phosphatic minerals, such as phosphatic limestone produced by secondary enrichment of phosphatic material, or a phosphatic shale representing mixtures of primary andsecondary phosphate and clay minerals. CF:vanadate e.g., apatite, amblygonite, or monazite. b. A mineral commodity supplying phosphorus, usually for agricultural or chemical purposes. The source materials for phosphate are marine phosphorite and, less commonly, guano and apatite-rich igneous rocks. c. Adj., phosphatic. Pertaining to or containing phosphates or phosphoric acid; said esp. of a sedimentary rock containing phosphatic minerals, such as phosphatic limestone produced by secondary enrichment of phosphatic material, or a phosphatic shale representing mixtures of primary andsecondary phosphate and clay minerals. CF:vanadate. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In chemistry, phosphate refers to a polyatomic ion or radical consisting of one phosphorus atom and four oxygen. In the ionic form, it carries a -3 formal charge, and is denoted PO43-.In a biochemical setting, a free phosphate ion in solution is called inorganic phosphate, to distinguish it from phosphates bound in the form of ATP, or perhaps in DNA or RNA. Inorganic phosphate is generally denoted Pi. Inorganic phosphate can be formed by the reactions of ATP, or ADP, with the formation of the corresponding ADP or AMP, and the release of phosphate ion. Similar reactions exist for the other nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates.
In living systems, phosphate ions can also be created by the hydrolysis of a larger ion called pyrophosphate, which has the structure P2O74-, and is denoted PPi.
Energy stored by phosphate bonds in the form of ADP or ATP, or other nucleoside diphosphates or triphosphates, or the phosphagens in muscle tissues, is generally referred to as high energy phosphate.
- P2O74- + H2O → 2HPO42-
In mineralogy and geology, it refers to a rock or ore containing phosphate ions.
In ecological terms, phosphate is often a limiting reagent in many environments--the availability of phosphate governs the rate of growth of many organisms. Introduction of non-naturally occurring levels of phosphate to those environments causes an ecological disequilibrium, leading to booms in the population of some organisms and subsequent busts in the populations of others deprived of other nutrients or essential elements by the rapid growth and consumption by the booming population.
Phosphates are a component of certain types of detergent, but because of boom-bust cycles tied to emission of phosphates into watersheds, phosphate detergent sale or usage is restricted in some areas.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Phosphate."
Synonyms: PhosphateSynonyms: inorganic phosphate (n), orthophosphate (n). (additional references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Nitrates and phosphate for ammunition (20,000 Leagues Under the Sea; writing credit: Jules Verne; Earl Felton) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Portable vans used in lieu of installed laboratory space on many ships Vans on PEIRCE during phosphate studies off North Carolina. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |  | A view of filling a bulk carrier ship with phosphate at the piers at Nauru as seen from the NOAA Ship RONALD H. BROWN. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |
 | Native "commercial" fishermen fishing for tuna off the phosphate loading docks at Aqaba. Credit: Small World. |  | Monsanto Phosphate PlantSoda SpringsPocatello Field OfficeUSRDUpper Snake River District. Credit: Peter Oberlindacher. |
 | Horsford's Acid Phosphate / Schumacher & Ettlinger, New York. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |  | Loading a phosphate schooner, Savannah, Ga. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Phosphate elevators, Tampa pier, Fla. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Tennessee Valley Authority production. Elemental phosphorus. A large electric phosphate smelting furnace used in the making of elemental phosphorus in a TVA chemical plant in the Muscle Shoals area. The phosphorus, used in the manufacture of incendiary bo. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | A large electric phosphate smelting furnace used in the making of elemental phosphorus in a TVA chemical plant in the Muscle Shoals area, Alabama. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | TVA chemical plant, electric furnace loaded with phosphate, vicinity of Muscle Shoals, Alabama. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Be sure your phosphate binder and your other drugs are free of aluminum. (references) | |
The most common type of stone contains calcium in combination with either oxalate or phosphate. (references) | ||
Calcium-containing phosphate binders should be initiated when minimal elevations of phosphate are evident. (references) | ||
Business | These projects include sites with iron, phosphate, bauxite, copper and zinc deposits. (references) | |
China imports very little urea from the U.S. however, U.S. diammonium Phosphate has a good market in China. (references) | ||
China will import phosphate and potash fertilizer and a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer as supplements. (references) | ||
Economic History | Jordan | Other sources of foreign exchange include tourism, pharmaceuticals, and phosphate and potash exports. (references) |
Togo | In the industrial sector, phosphates are Togo's most important commodity, and the country has an estimated 130 million metric tons of phosphate reserves. (references) | |
Pakistan | Most promising subsectors and estimated market size for 2002 are: Di-Ammonium Phosphate ($112 million); Pesticides, Herbicides, and Fungicides ($88 million). (references) | |
Political Economy | Togo | In 2000 the national electric company was privatized, and the Government opened the national phosphate parastatal to private capital. (references) |
PERU | After several years of delay, the giant Camisea natural gas field concession was granted in February 2000 and the transportation and distribution contract was awarded in October 2000. Operation, modernization and expansion of Lima's Jorge Chavez International Airport was granted in a 1.2 billion dollar, thirty-year concession to a private consortium in February 2001. The Bayovar phosphate mine, regional airports, highways, and a number of regional maritime ports are among concessions expected to be auctioned shortly. (references) | |
MOROCCO | Foreign investment is prohibited in certain sectors of the economy, including the purchase of agricultural land and investment in the phosphate sector. (references) | |
Trade | Jordan | Imports of raw leather are restricted to the Jordan Tanning Company; crude oil and its derivatives (except metallic oils) and household gas cylinders are restricted to the Jordan Petroleum Refinery Company; cement is restricted to the Jordan Cement Factories Company; explosives and gun powder are restricted to the Jordan Phosphate Mines Company; and used tires are restricted to tire retreading factories. (references) |
Worker Rights | India | Oswal Fertilizer Ltd.'s (OFL) Diamonium Phosphate fertilizer plant at Paradip, Orissa, began operations in May 2000. Eleven workers died during the plant's construction; an additional 6 persons were killed and 51 others were injured in a series of accidents at the plant between May and September 2000. None of the workers were using safety equipment. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Phosphate" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.10% of the time. "Phosphate" is used about 445 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.1% | 441 | 13,108 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.9% | 4 | 175,879 |
| Total | 100.00% | 445 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "phosphate": Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride ♦ ammonium phosphate ♦ calcium phosphate ♦ Carbamyl Phosphate ♦ chrome phosphate ♦ combretastatin A4 phosphate ♦ creatine phosphate ♦ Dexacort Phosphate Turbinaire ♦ dicalcic phosphate ♦ Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate ♦ dipotassium phosphate ♦ Hydrocortone Phosphate ♦ inorganic phosphate ♦ nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate ♦ odorless phosphate ♦ Phosphate Acetyltransferase ♦ phosphate buffer solution ♦ phosphate glass ♦ phosphate of lime ♦ phosphate rock ♦ Polyisoprenyl Phosphate Monosaccharides ♦ Polyisoprenyl Phosphate Oligosaccharides ♦ Polyisoprenyl Phosphate Sugars ♦ Polyphloretin Phosphate ♦ Pyridoxal Phosphate ♦ sodium phosphate ♦ Thomas phosphate ♦ Transferases (Other Substituted Phosphate Groups) ♦ tribasic sodium phosphate ♦ Tricalcium Phosphate ♦ trisodium phosphate ♦ Vidarabine Phosphate ♦ zinc phosphate ♦ Zinc Phosphate Cement. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "phosphate": phosphate-binding, phosphate-buffered, phosphate-deficient, phosphate-dna, phosphate-free, phosphate-removing, phosphate-rich, phosphate-stripping. | |
Ending with "phosphate": sugar-phosphate. | |
Containing "phosphate": calcium-phosphate-bile, Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Ammonia), Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Glutamine-Hydrolyzing), Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase I Deficiency Disease, Choline-Phosphate Cytidylyltransferase, citrate-phosphate-dextrose, Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase, Glutamine-Fructose-6-Phosphate Transaminase (Isomerizing), Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases, Glycerol-3-Phosphate O-Acyltransferase, Indole-3-Glycerol-Phosphate Synthase, Mannose-6-Phosphate Isomerase, myo-Inositol-1-Phosphate Synthase, Nucleoside-Phosphate Kinase, Orotidine-5'-Phosphate Decarboxylase, Ribose-Phosphate Pyrophosphokinase, Triose-Phosphate Isomerase, UDPglucose-Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase, UTP-Glucose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase, UTP-Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "phosphate"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | fosfat. (various references) | |
Arabic | فوسفات, شراب فوار (fizz, pop). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | фосфат. (various references) | |
Chinese | 磷酸盐. (various references) | |
Czech | fosfát. (various references) | |
Danish | fosfat. (various references) | |
Dutch | fosfaat. (various references) | |
Farsi | فسفات(ش.), فسفات زدن به , نمک اسیدفسفریک . (various references) | |
Finnish | fosfaatti. (various references) | |
French | phosphate. (various references) | |
German | Phosphate (phosphates), phosphat (phsophate). (various references) | |
Greek | φωσφορικό άλασ, φωσφορικό αλάτι, φωσφορικά άλατα. (various references) | |
Hebrew | פוספט, זרחת (phosphide). (various references) | |
Hungarian | foszfát. (various references) | |
Indonesian | fosfat. (various references) | |
Italian | fosfato. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 燐酸肥料 (phosphate fertilizer), クレアチン燐酸 (clay, creatine phosphate, creator, creosote). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | り"さ"ひりょう (phosphate fertilizer), クレアチンり"さ" (creatine phosphate). (various references) | |
Korean | 인산염. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | osphatephay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | fosfato. (various references) | |
Romanian | fosfat. (various references) | |
Russian | фосфат. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | fosfat. (various references) | |
Spanish | fosfato. (various references) | |
Swedish | fosfat. (various references) | |
Turkish | fosfatlı gübre, fosfat. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | фосфат. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "phosphate": phosphates. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "phosphate": diphosphate, metaphosphate, nonphosphate, organophosphate, orthophosphate, pyrophosphate, superphosphate, triphosphate. (additional references) | |
Words containing "phosphate": diphosphates, metaphosphates, nonphosphates, organophosphates, orthophosphates, pyrophosphates, superphosphates, triphosphates. (additional references) | |
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"Phosphate" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: phosphage, phosphated, phosphating, phosphide, phosphite, phsophate, phsphate. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| Words rhyming with "phosphate" (pronounced 'Phos"phate'): Bisulphate, Fluophosphate, Metaphosphate, Persulphate, Pyrophosphate, Pyrosulphate, Subsulphate, sulphate, Sulphophosphate, Superphosphate, Supersulphate. (additional references) |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-e-h-h-o-p-p-s-t" | |
-2 letters: teashop. | |
-3 letters: appose, ephahs, heaths, pathos, potash, sapote, sheath, shoppe, spathe, tophes. | |
-4 letters: ephah, ephas, estop, ethos, haets, haste, hates, heaps, heath, heats, heths, hopes, hosta, oaths, opahs, paseo, paste, pates, paths, peats, pepos, pesto, phase, phots, phpht, poets, popes, psoae, septa, shape, shoat, shote, spate, staph, stoae, stope, tapes, tepas, those, toeas. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-e-h-h-o-p-p-s-t" | |
+1 letter: phosphates, photophase. | |
+2 letters: apophthegms, diphosphate, phosphatase, phosphatide, phosphatize, photophases. | |
+3 letters: diphosphates, nonphosphate, phosphatases, phosphatides, phosphatized, phosphatizes, triphosphate. | |
+4 letters: metaphosphate, nephropathies, nonphosphates, phanerophytes, phosphorylate, photographers, photographies, phreatophytes, physiotherapy, psychopathies, psychotherapy, pyrophosphate, rephotographs, triphosphates. | |
+5 letters: hypnotherapies, hypnotherapist, metaphosphates, ophthalmoscope, orthophosphate, philanthropies, phosphorylated, phosphorylates, phytopathogens, plethysmograph, pyrophosphates, superphosphate. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Quotations: Non-fiction | 9. Usage Frequency 10. Expressions 11. Expressions: Internet 12. Translations: Modern | 13. Derivations 14. Rhymes 15. Anagrams 16. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
