Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Oncology

Definition: Oncology

Oncology

Noun

1. The branch of medicine concerned with the study and treatment of tumors.

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "oncology" was first used: 1857. (references)


Specialty Definitions: Oncology

DomainDefinitions

Health

The study of cancer. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Definition: Oncology

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Oncology is the medical study and treatment of cancer. A physician who practices oncology is an oncologist. The term is from the Greek onkos, meaning bulk or mass, and the suffix -ology, meaning study of.

The traditional methods of oncology, or means of treating cancer, are surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Surgery involves cutting out malignant tumors. Chemotherapy involves administering chemicals to the patient to affect the cancer. Radiation therapy involves direction of radiation to concentrate on the cancerous tissue to kill it.

A significant problem with treatment methods such as surgery and directed radiation is that destruction of the primary tumor often results in other dormant micrometastases becoming active. In other words, once the main cancer is removed, other cancer sites often pop up throughout the body.

Many other types of therapy have been tried with cancer patients. Some of these have been discredited by the medical community, such as amygdalin, also known as laetrile, an extract of apricot pits. Other herbal preparations are being tried by various practitioners. Some physicians have claimed significant success with a modified means of delivering chemotherapy, termed IPT or insulin potentiation therapy.

Other efforts have centered on trying to bolster the body's immune system's ability to deal with the cancer. Unfortunately, many cancers present surface configurations that exactly mimic their original healthy parent cells, so that most immunotherapies are useless against them.

Some patients also use what are known as "adjunctive therapies", including such practices as visualization. While these are largely not proven to be effective, they are mostly at least harmless and often supportive of the patient's state of mind while they are undergoing medical therapies.

Also see experimental cancer treatments.

Links moved from medicine, to be sorted:

Breast cancer -- Cervical cancer -- Prostate cancer -- Stomach cancer

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Oncology."

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Abbreviations & Acronyms: Oncology

The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted.
EntrySourceExpressionField
ONSEnglishOncology Nursing SocietyN/A

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Crosswords: Oncology

English words defined with "oncology": oncologic, oncological, oncologist. (references)
Specialty definitions using "oncology": Medical Oncologyoncology nurse, Oncology Service, HospitalRadiation Oncology, regional lymph node. (references)

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Commercial Usage: Oncology

DomainTitle

References

  • Genzyme Molecular Oncology: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (reference)

  • Ilex Oncology Incorporated: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (reference)

  • Response Oncology, Inc.: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (reference)

  • US Oncology Incorporated: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (reference)

    (more reference examples)

  

Books

  • Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology Single Volume (Book with CD-ROM) (reference)

  • Oncology Nursing (reference)

  • PET in Clinical Oncology (reference)

  • Small Animal Clinical Oncology (reference)

  • Veterinary Oncology Secrets (reference)

    (more book examples)

  

Periodicals

  • Audio Journal Of Oncology - Audio Cassette (reference)

  • Oncology Coding Update (reference)

  • Hematology Oncology News & Issues (reference)

  • Journal Of Pediatric Hematology Oncology (reference)

  • Practical Reviews In Medical Oncology - Sound Recording (reference)

    (more periodical examples)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Photo Album: Oncology

ThumbnailDescription & CreditThumbnailDescription & Credit

Shown is a male doctor from the Oncology Branch consulting a female patient. The woman, around 45 years old, is sitting up in bed, wearing a peach robe with an iv in her forearm. Credit: Bill Branson (photographer).

Patient Care Issues: Controversies in Nursing Management : Second Annual Oncology Nursing Conference / NIH Cancer Nursing Service. Credit: National Library of Medicine.

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

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Non-Fiction Usage: Oncology

SubjectTopicQuote

Health

The development of pediatric oncology agents merits special consideration. (references)

Hospitals may also fill the oncology ward's refrigerator with their patients' favorite foods. (references)

That is, participation in oncology trials has become the "standard of care" in pediatric oncology. (references)

Economic History

Australia

The Australian medical R&D community is highly regarded in the fields of respiratory medicine, HIV/AIDS, oncology, and immunology. (references)

Sweden

The Swedish pharmaceutical industry is active in research and drug sales in the areas of oncology, growth disorders and eye diseases, gastrointestinal, respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. (references)

Bahrain

The expansion also houses the oncology unit; the accident and emergency department with facilities to manage life threatening cases with the most up-to-date facilities, including resuscitation wards and monitoring rooms; a cardiac intensive care unit; and a bone marrow transplant unit that has conducted the first bone marrow transplant in Bahrain. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Usage Frequency: Oncology

"Oncology" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 97.06% of the time. "Oncology" is used about 34 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Noun (singular)97.06%3360,273
Noun (proper)2.94%1339,140
                    Total100.00%34N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Usage in Company Names: Oncology

CountryName
USA

Genzyme Molecular Oncology

 (more examples...)

Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.

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Expression: Oncology

Expressions using "oncology": Medical Oncology oncology nurse Radiation Oncology. Additional references.

Hypenated Usage

Ending with "oncology": psycho-oncology.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Oncology

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

oncology

703

medical oncology job

18

american society clinical oncology

154

medical oncology

17

apply cardiologist cardiology description education endocrinologist endocrinology experience experience hematologist hematology job job job job listing mail now objective oncologist oncology opening opportunity physician reference resume resume resume skill submit work

107

international journal of oncology

17

us oncology

101

ilex oncology

16

cardiologist cardiology endocrinologist endocrinology hematologist hematology not oncologist oncology our physician present resume us we

98

novartis oncology

16

oncology nursing society

98

society for surgical oncology

16

radiation oncology

96

oncology drug

16

journal of clinical oncology

81

southwest oncology group

15

child oncology group

49

oncology research

15

oncology nursing

48

alliance community oncology

14

pediatric oncology

43

cancer oncology

13

hematology and oncology

29

annals of oncology

13

oncology job

26

surgical oncology

13

gynecologic oncology

25

oncology nurse society

13

neuro oncology

22

oncology conference

12

oncology journal

22

clinical oncology

11

seminar in oncology

22

oncology nursing forum

11

texas oncology

21

aventis oncology

11

oncology supply

19

oncology radiation usc

11

oncology nurse

19

eastern cooperative oncology group

10

hemotology oncology

10
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translations: Oncology

Language Translations for "oncology"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Albanian

  

onkologji. (various references)

   

Arabic 

  

‏علم الأورام, ‏دراسة الأورام. (various references)

   

Bulgarian 

  

онкология. (various references)

   

Chinese 

  

肿瘤学. (various references)

   

Czech

  

onkologie. (various references)

   

Danish

  

onkologi, svulstlære. (various references)

   

Dutch

  

oncologie. (various references)

   

French

  

oncologie. (various references)

   

German

  

onkologie. (various references)

   

Greek 

  

ογκολογία. (various references)

   

Italian

  

oncologia. (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

oncologyay

   

Portuguese

  

oncologia (oncoming), imediatamente (direct, directly, familiarly, forthright, forthwith, immediately, incontrovertible, instantly, just, now, offhand, point blank, promptly, right, right away, right off, straight, straightway). (various references)

   

Russian 

  

онкология. (various references)

   

Spanish

  

oncología. (various references)

   

Thai

  

การศึกษาและการรักษา"้านเนื้องอกของร่างกาย. (various references)

   

Ukranian 

  

онкологія. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Ancestral Language Translations: Oncology

LanguagePeriodTranslations
Greek700 BCE-300 CE

onkos. (various references)

Modern Latin1500-Modern

onco-. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Misspellings: Oncology

Misspellings

"Oncology" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: conchology, encology, nosology, ocology, Oecologie, oecology, oenology, onclogy, oncolgy, oncoloby, oncologie, oncologies, oncololgy, oncoogy, oncoplogy, oneology, onocology. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "Oncology"

# of Phoneme MatchesPronunciationWord(s) rhyming with "oncology" (pronounced ÄngkÄ"lujē)
6-k Ä" l u j ēecology, gynecology, mycology, pharmacology, psychology, toxicology.
5-Ä" l u j ēanesthesiology, anthology, anthropology, apology, archaeology, archeology, astrology, bacteriology, biology, biotechnology, cardiology, chronology, cosmetology, criminology, cytology, dendrochronology, dermatology, doxology, embryology, endocrinology, entomology, epidemiology, epistemology, ethnology, ethology, etiology, etymology, genealogy, geology, geomorphology, gerontology, graphology, histology, Hymnology, ideology, immunology, kinesiology, limnology, meteorology, methodology, microbiology, micropaleontology, mineralogy, morphology, mythology, neurology, numerology, ontology, ophthalmology, ornithology, otology, paleontology, pathology, penology, petrology, physiology, Pomology, radiology, rheumatology, seismology, serology, sociology, terminology, theology, urology, virology, zoology.
4-l u j ēanalogy, cosmology, elegy, eulogy, trilogy.
3-u j ēprodigy, strategy.

Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

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Anagrams: Oncology

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Words within the letters "c-g-l-n-o-o-o-y"

-2 letters: colony, oology, oolong.

-3 letters: cogon, colog, colon, congo, cooly, goony, loony, ology.

-4 letters: clog, clon, cloy, coly, cony, cool, coon, goon, loco, logo, logy, long, loon, nolo, only.

-5 letters: cog, col, con, coo, coy, goo, goy, log, loo, nog, noo, yon.

 Words containing the letters "c-g-l-n-o-o-o-y"
 

+1 letter: iconology.

 

+2 letters: chronology, conchology, oceanology.

 

+3 letters: volcanology.

 

+5 letters: biotechnology, chronobiology, endocrinology, geochronology, nosologically, ontologically.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

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Alternative Orthography: Oncology


Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

4F 6E 63 6F 6C 6F 67 79

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)

=

Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)

Braille (1829, in France) (references)

Morse Code (1836) (references)

---    -.    -.-.    ---    .-..    ---    --.    -.--.

Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

01001111 01101110 01100011 01101111 01101100 01101111 01100111 01111001

HTML Code (1990) (references)

&#79 &#110 &#99 &#111 &#108 &#111 &#103 &#121

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

004F 006E 0063 006F 006C 006F 0067 0079

British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

4980698178817391

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INDEX

1. Definition
2. Crosswords
3. Usage: Commercial
4. Images: Photo Album
5. Quotations: Non-fiction
6. Usage Frequency
7. Names: Company Usage
8. Expressions
9. Expressions: Internet
10. Translations: Modern
11. Translations: Ancient
12. Abbreviations
13. Acronyms
14. Derivations
15. Rhymes
16. Anagrams
17. Orthography
18. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

 

 

 

 

Note to the press & webmasters - this dictionary can be linked, indexed, or referred to using the following non-English expressions:
woordeboek, fjalor, ‏معجم, ‏قاموس, diccionariu, речник, diccionari, diksyonario, diksinario, 字典, gérlyver, slovník, ordbog, woordenboek, shimiyuc p'anca, orðabók, orðbók, dictionnaire, wurdboek, wörterbuch, λεξικό, אוצר מילים, szótár, uqausiit tukingit, dizionario, 字引 , じい, じびき, じて", ディクショナリー , じり", じしょ, '"かい, ディクショナリ , 사 , dizionari, recnik, fockleyr, dikshonario, słownik, dicionário, dicţionar, dicziunari, словарь, lolomi fefiloi, foclair, abardair, faclair, briathrachan, pukuntau, leksikon, rečnik, vocabbulariu, diccionario, sí-chazamagâma, ordbok, lexikon, พจนานุกรม, sözlük, ansiklopedik sözlük, словник, довідник, có tính chất sách vở, geirlyfr, geiriadur, for dictionary;
definisie, qartësi, përcaktim, saktësi, ‏الوضوحية في الشيء, ‏حد, ‏تحديد, ‏تعريف, ‏التحديد, ‏الإيضاحية, яснота, сила, очертания, дефиниция, 定義 , 定义, definice, deskriptordefinition, definitie, määritelmä, définition, ορισμός, "'"ר", "'בל", meghatározás, definíció, definizione, 確定 , ディーゼル電気車 , デ'ドロ酢酸 , デフィニション , ディフィニション , ていぎ, かくてい, 의, geyrid, meenaghey, keeayllaght, baght, definishon, definição, definiţie, determinare, definire, определение, definicija, definición, definition, açıklama, belirleme, belirtme, kesinleştirme, tanım, tarif, seçiklik, tanımlama, чіткість, тлумачення, виразність, визначення, дефініція, ясність, чітка чутність, sự định rõ, sự định nghĩa, lời định nghĩa sự định, diffiniad, darnodiad, for definition;
vertaling, transferim, transmetim, ‏ترجمة من لغة أجنبية للغة الأم, ‏ترجمة, ‏إفتتان, транслация, огъване, превод, предаване, поддаване, тълкуване, превеждане, 翻译, překlad, oversættelse, translatie, taajuusmuutos, translaatio, traduction, oersetting, Übersetzung, μετάφραση, תור'מ ות, תר'ום, "עתק", "עתק, fordítás, traduzione, 翻訳 , へい"ういどう, やくしょ, やくしゅつ, "うどく, ほ"やく, トランスレーション , やくじゅつ, ほ"やくしょ, 번역, tradukshon, tradução, translaţie, tãlmãcire, traducere, сдвиг, трансляция, перемещение, перевод, tumačenje, traducción, översättning, tercüme, процес перекладу, переклад, пояснення, переміщення, sự dịch, sự biến th nh sự giải thích, trosiad, for translation;
Albaans, Albanies, Albaniese taal, shqip, ‏الألبانية, ‏الألباني, албанец, албански език, албански, Albanyano, 阿"巴尼亚语, 阿爾巴尼亞人 , albánský, Albanees, albanskt, albanialainen, Albanais, Albaneesk, albaner, αλβανικόσ, Αλβανός, αλβανόσ, arbnisht, arbërisht, albán, albanskur, albanska, AlbÚinis, albanese, 알"니아, Albaneagh, albanês, arnãut, albanez, arnãuţesc, албанский, Alapania, albanski, albanac, albanés, alban, Arnavut, албанський, албанка, албанець, for Albanian;
Arabies, arabishte, ‏العربية, ‏عربي, ‏اللغة العربية, арабски език, арабски, 阿拉伯 , arabský, arabština, arábiskt, arabialainen, arabe, Arabysk, arabisch, αραβικόσ, ערבית, ערבי, arab, arabo, 아라비아, Arabish, arabir, arabic, арабский, Arapi, arapski, árabe, arabisk, าษาหรืออักขระอาหรับ, เกี่ยวกับอาระเบีย, arapça, arap, araplara özgü, арабська мова, арабський, tiếng A-rập, thuộc A-rập, for Arabic;
Bulgaars, Bulgaar, bulgr, ‏البلغارية, ‏بلغاري, Búlgaru, български, български език, българин, Bulgaryan, 保 利亚, bulharský, bulgarer, bulgarskt, bulgarialainen, Bulgaarsk, bulgare, 'ούλγαρος, bullgar, bolgár, bulgaro, 불가리아, Bulgeyragh, Bulgeyrish, Bułgar, болгарский, болгарин, bugarski jezik, bugarski, bugarka, bugarin, búlgaro, bulgar, bulgaristan ile ilgili, болгарський, người Bun-ga-ri tiếng Bun-ga-ri, for Bulgarian;
Sjinees, Chinees, kinez, ‏الصينية, ‏لغة الصين, ‏صيني, ‏الصيني أحد أبناء الصين, Chinu, китайски, Ininsik, 汉语, 中 , 漢 , 中國 , èínský, èínština, èíòan, kineser, kinesiskt, kinverskur, kiinalainen, Chinois, Sineesk, Chinesisch, Κινέζος, κινέζικα, κινέζικοσ, κινέζοσ, σινικόσ, kínai, Kínverji, Sínis, cinese, チフス菌 , チャイニーズ , 중국, Cina, Sheenish, Sheenagh, Hainamana, chines, Chińczyk, chinês, chinés, chinezesc, chinezeşte, chinezã, chinez, китайский, китаец, Saina, kineski jezik, kineski, chino, snesi, sneysi, kinesisk, çinli, çince, çin ile ilgili, çin, китаянка, китайська мова, китайський, кита"ць, for Chinese;
Tsjeggies, Tsjeg, çek, ‏تشيكي, ‏اللغة التشيكوسلوفاكية, ‏التشيكي أحد أبناء تشيكوسلوفاكيا, Checu, чешки, Sekoslovakyano, 捷克語 , 捷克语, 捷克 , èesky, èeské, èech, èeština, èeský, èeška, tjekker, tjekke, Tsjech, Tsjechisch, tjekkiskt, t?ekkiläinen, tchèque, Tsjechysk, Tscheche, tschechisch, Tschechin, Τσέχος, cseh, ceco, 체", Sheckagh, Sheckish, Czech, chèc, ceh, чешский, češki jezik, čeh, češki, checo, tjeck, Çek, çekoslovakyalı kimse, çekoslovakyalı, çek dili, чех, чеська мова, чеський, чешка, người Séc tiếng Séc, for Czech;
Deens, danisht, danishte, ‏لغة الدانمركية, ‏نوع كعك, ‏دانماركي, датски език, датски, Daniko, 丹麦语, dánský, dánština, danskur, danskt, tanskalainen, danois, Deensk, dänisch, δανικόσ, δανόσ, עו'ת שמרים, " י, dán, danska, Danmhairgis, danese, 덴마크, Danvargish, Danvargagh, danes, dinamarquês, danez, датский, danski, danski jezik, danés, dansk, danimarkalı, danimarka dili, датський, датська мова, tiếng Đan-mạch, for Danish;
Nederlands, Hollands, holandez, ‏هولندي, ‏اللغة الهولندية, холандски, немски език, холандски език, холандците, немски, Olandes, 菏蘭語 , 荷兰语, holandský, nizozemský, hollandsk, hollendskt, hollantilainen, néerlandais, Nederlânsk, holländisch, ολλανδικόσ, ολλανδόσ, holandisht, "ול "י, holland, hollenskur, Ollainnis, olandese, 네덜란", Belanda, Ollanish, Germaanish, Tatimana, nederlandsk, ulandes, hulandes, holandês, neerlandés, olandez, nemţesc, limba olandezã, german, голландский, holanđanin, u škripcu, holandski, holandés, bakratongo, holländsk, ชาวเนเธอร์แลน"์, เกี่ยวกับเนเธอร์แลน"์, รรยา, alman, eş, flemenkçe, holandaca, hollanda, karı, hollandalı, hollandalılara özgü olan, Hollandali, hollanda'ya ait, голландська мова, голландський, ngôn ngữ khó hiểu, "b xã", for Dutch;
Franse taal, Frans, franceze, francez, frëngjisht, frëng, frëngjishte, ‏فرنسي, ‏اللغة الفرنسية, ‏الشعب الفرنسي, gall, френски език, френски, Pranses, 法國 , 法文 , 法語 , 法语, francouzština, francouzský, franskur, franskt, ranskalainen, français, Frânsk, französisch, γάλλοσ, γαλλικόσ, γαλλική γλώσσα, γαλλίδα, צרפתי, צרפתית, francia, Fraincis, francese, フレコン化 , フランス" , 仏文 , 仏 , ふつぶ", フレンチ , フランセ , ふつ, "랑스, Perancis, Ny Frangee, Mooinjey ny Frank, frances, franses, francês, francezii, francezã, franţuzesc, franţuzeşte, французский, Falani, francuski jezik, francuski, francuzi, francés, sí-Fulentji, fransk, franska, fransızca, Fransiz, fransızca ile ilgili, fransız, fransa ile ilgili, французька мова, французький, Ffrengig, isiFulentshi, for French;
Duits, Duitser, Duitse taal, Germaan, gjerman, ‏ضرب من الرقص, ‏جرماني, ‏المانية, ‏الماني, ‏اللغة الألمانية, роден, германски, немски език, немски, немец, готически, германец, 德語 , 德语, 德文 , 德國 , nìmecký, nìmec, tysker, Duitse, týskur, týskt, týskari, saksalainen, Allemand, Dútsk, Deutsche, Deutsch, "ερμανός, gjermanisht, 'רמ י, 'רמ ית, német, þjóðverji, þýskur, GearmÚnach, GearmÚinis, tedesco, ジプシー音楽 , ジャーマン , 독일, todesch, Germaanagh, Garmane, Germaanish, Carmane, aleman, Niemiec, niemiecki, alemão, alemand, neamţ, немецкий, Siamani, germanski, alemán, Tudesku, Doysri, mjeremani, mdachi, sí-Jalimáne, tysk, เยอรมัน, าษาเยอรมัน, Alman, німкеня, німецький, німець, $sisters german$ chị em ruột, $cousin german$ anh chị em con chú bác ruột, sister, Almaenwr, isiJalimane, iliJalimane, iJalimane, for German;
Grieks, Griek, ‏الإغريقي, ‏يوناني, ‏اللغة اليونانية, Griegu, гръцки език, гръцки, грък, Griyego, 希臘語 , 希腊语, řecký, řeètina, řek, græker, grikst, kreikkalainen, grec, Gryk, Gryksk, Gryks, grieche, ελληνικόσ, 'Ελληνας, יו ית, יו י, görög, Grikki, greco, ギリシア語 , ギリシア", 그리스, Greagish, Greagagh, grego, grèc, greacã, греческий, Eleni, grk, grčki jezik, grčki, griego, grek, Yunanli, yunanlı, yunanca, yunan, Rumca, yunanistan'a ait, rum, грек, гречанка, грецька мова, грецький, kẻ cắp b gi gặp nhau, quân bạc bịp tôi không thể hiểu được điều đó thật l kỳ phùng địch thủ, người Hy-lạp tiếng Hy-lạp kẻ bịp bợm, kẻ lừa đảo, Groegwr, for Greek;
Italianer, Italiaans, Italiaan, ‏شخص إيطالي, ‏اللغة الإيطالية, ‏الإيطالي, ‏إيطالي, Italianu, италиански език, италиански, италианец, Italyano, 意大利 , 意大利語 , 意大利语, italština, italský, ital, italiener, italienskt, italialainen, Italien, Italjaansk, italienisch, Ιταλός, italisht, איטלקי, איטלקית, olasz, Ítali, IodÚilis, italiano, 이탈리아, Iddaalish, Włoch, italianã, italienesc, italieneşte, italian, итальянский язык, итальянский, итальянец, Italia, italijanski, italijanski jezik, italijan, sí-Taliyáne, italienare, italiensk, italienska, เกี่ยวกับอิตาลี, ชาวอิตาลี, าษาอิตาลี, italyanca, italyan, італі"ць, італійська мова, італійський, італійка, for Italian;
Portugees, portugez, portugalisht, ‏اللغة البرتغالية, ‏البرتغالية, ‏البرتغالي, португалски език, португалски, португалец, Potuges, 葡萄牙语, 葡萄牙人 , 葡萄牙語 , portugalský, portugiser, portugisiskt, portugalilainen, portugais, Portugeesk, portugiesisch, πορτογάλοσ, ορτογάλος, portugál, Portaingéilis, portoghese, ポルトガル語 , ポルトガル", 포르투갈, Portiugish, Portiugagh, portugues, Portugalczyk, português, portughez, португальский, portugalski jezik, portugalski, portugalac, portugués, Mreno, si-Putúkezi, portugis, portekiz, Portekízlí, portekizli, portekizce, португальська мова, португальський, португалець, người B"-đ o-nha tiếng B"-đ o-nha, for Portuguese;
Russies, Rus, ‏الروسية, ‏روسي, ‏اللغة الروسية, Rusu, руски, руски език, руснак, Rusyan, 俄語 , 俄语, 俄文 , ruština, ruský, russer, russur, russiskt, venäläinen, Russysk, Russe, russisch, Ρώσος, רוסי, orosz, rússneskur, Rússi, Rúisis, russo, ロシア語 , ロシア", 러시아, Rooshish, Rooshagh, russisk, Rosjanin, русский, Lusia, ruski jezik, ruski, ruso, sí-Rashîya, ryss, ชาวรัสเซีย, rusça, росіянка, росіянин, російська мова, російський, người Nga tiếng Nga, for Russian;
Spaans, Spaanse taal, spanjoll, ‏اللغة الأسبانية, ‏الأسبانية, ‏أسباني, испански език, испански, espanyoles, Espanyol, 西班牙语, 西班牙文 , 西班牙語 , španìlský, španìlština, spanskt, espanjalainen, espagnol, Spaansk, spanisch, ισπανικά, ισπανικόσ, ισπανοί, karaiñe'êmegua, ספר"ית, ספר"י, spanyol, SpÚinnis, spagnolo, スペイン語 , スパイ罪 , スペイン", スパニッシュ , 스페인, Spaainagh, Spaainish, spañó, espanhol, espanhòl, spaniolesc, spanioleşte, spaniol, испанский, Sipaniolo, španski jezik, španski, español, spanska språk, spansk, ispanyollar, ispanyolca, ispanyol, іспанська мова, іспанський, for Spanish;
Tailandes, 泰國 , 泰文 , 泰国, 泰 , thailænder, Thailander, Thai, Thais, thailendskt, thaimaalainen, Thaïlandais, thailändisch, Thailänder, Ταϊλανδός· Ταϊλανδέζος, tailandese, 泰語 , たい", 타이 말, tailandês, tailandés, thailändare, ที่เกี่ยวกับประเทศไทย, าษาไทย, เกี่ยวกับคนไทย, คนไทย, Taylandlı, Tayland Dili, Tayland, Tai Dili, Та"ць, Тайська Мова, Тайський, for Thai;
乌克兰, for Ukranian;