Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definitions: Obligation |
ObligationNoun1. The social force that binds you to your obligations and the courses of action demanded by that force: "we must instill a sense of duty in our children"; "every right implies a responsibility; every opportunity, an obligation; every possession, a duty"- John D.Rockefeller Jr. 2. A personal relation in which one is indebted for a service or favor. 3. A legal agreement specifying a payment or action and the penalty for failure to comply. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "obligation" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1258. (references) |
Etymology: Obligation \Ob"li*ga"tion\, noun. [French expression obligation. Latin obligatio. See Oblige.]. (Websters 1913) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Dream Interpretation | To dream of obligating yourself in any incident, denotes that you will be fretted and worried by the thoughtless complaints of others. If others obligate themselves to you, it portends that you will win the regard of acquaintances and friends. Source: Ten Thousand Dreams Interpreted .... |
Finance | The requirement imposed on a debtor to pay a debt and the legal right of a creditor to enforce payment. (references) |
Law | A legal relationship between two or more persons, according to which one(the creditor)is entitled to a specific performance, whilst the other(the debitor)is obliged to carry it out. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| OBSO | French | Obligation à warrant | Finance |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: ObligationSynonyms: duty (n), responsibility (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Conditions | Clauses, provisions; proviso; (qualification); covenant, stipulation, obligation, ultimatum, sine qua non; casus foederris. |
Debt | Noun: debt, obligation, liability, indebtment, debit, score. |
Duty | Verb: be the duty of; be incumbent; Adjective: on, be responsible; Adjective: behoove, become, befit, beseem; belong to, pertain to; fall to one's lot; devolve on; lie upon, lie on one's head, lie at one's door; rest with, rest on the shoulders of. take upon oneself; (promise); be bound to, become bound to, be sponsor for, become sponsor for; incur a responsibility; Noun: be under an obligation, stand under an obligation, lie under an obligation; have to answer for, owe to it oneself. |
Noun: duty, what ought to be done, moral obligation, accountableness, liability, onus, responsibility; bounden duty, imperative duty; call, call of duty; accountability. | |
Enter upon a duty, perform a duty, observe a duty, fulfill a duty, discharge a duty, adhere to a duty, acquit oneself of a duty, satisfy a duty, enter upon an obligation, perform an obligation, observe an obligation, fulfill an obligation, discharge an obligation, adhere to an obligation, acquit oneself of an obligation, satisfy an obligation; act one's part, redeem one's pledge, do justice to, be at one's post; do duty; do one's duty; (be virtuous). | |
Adjective: obligatory, binding; imperative, peremptory; stringent; (severe); behooving; Verb: incumbent on, chargeable on; under obligation; obliged by, bound by, tied by; saddled with. | |
Gratitude | Noun: gratitude, thankfulness, feeling of obligation, sense of obligation. |
Feel under an obligation, be under an obligation, lie under an obligation; savoir gr_; not look a gift horse in the mouth; never forget, overflow with gratitude; thank one's stars, thank one's lucky stars, bless one's stars; fall on one's knees. | |
Adjective: grateful, thankful, obliged, beholden, indebted to, under obligation. | |
Inexpedience | Produce a good effect; do a good turn, confer an obligation; improve. |
Necessity | Necessity, necessitation; obligation; compulsion; subjection; stern necessity, hard necessity, dire necessity, imperious necessity, inexorable necessity, iron necessity, adverse necessity; fate; what must be. |
Observance | Perform an obligation, fulfill an obligation, discharge an obligation, acquit oneself of an obligation; make good; make good one's word, make good one's promise, keep one's word, keep one's promise; redeem one's pledge; keep faith with, stand to one's engagement. |
Promise | Noun: promise, undertaking, word, troth, plight, pledge, parole, word of honor, vow; oath; (affirmation); profession, assurance, warranty, guarantee, insurance, obligation; contract; stipulation. |
Hold out an expectation; contract an obligation; become bound to, become sponsor for; answer for, be answerable for; secure; give security; underwrite. | |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Not an obligation. (Marshall Law; writing credit: Greg Crowder) Reality may avoid the obligation to be interesting, but a hypothesis may not. (Death and the Compass; writing credit: Jorge Luis Borges; Alex Cox) You do more work than you got to, so it's my obligation to do less. (Lonesome Dove; writing credit: Larry McMurtry; William D. Wittliff) It's a man's obligation to stick his boneration in a woman's separation, this sort of penetration will increase the population of the younger generation. (South Park; writing credit: Rocco Siffredi) A man's obligation to his erection. (Captured; writing credit: Steve Latshaw; Damian Lee) | |
Movie/TV Titles | The Obligation (1912) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Abraham Lincoln | The sense of obligation to continue is present in all of us. A duty to strive is the duty of us all. I felt a call to that duty. |
Alexis De Tocqueville | In other words, a democratic government is the only one in which those who vote for a tax can escape the obligation to pay it. |
Author Unknown | All people have a moral obligation to act intelligently to cultivate a higher devotion to truth. |
France | The law no longer recognizes religious vows, nor any other obligation which may be contrary to natural rights or to the Constitution. |
Francois De La Rochefoucauld | Too great a hurry to discharge an obligation is a kind of ingratitude. |
George Meredith | Possession without obligation to the object possessed approaches felicity. |
Pliny The Elder | Let honor be to us as strong an obligation as necessity is to others. |
Sophocles | Nobody has a more sacred obligation to obey the law than those who make the law. |
Stephen Crane | A man said to the universe, "Sir, I exist." "However," replied the universe, "the fact has not created in me a sense of obligation." |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | From all which it follows, that the government of a conqueror, imposed by force on the subdued, against whom he had no right of war, or who joined not in the war against him, where he had right, has no obligation upon them. (Second Treatise of Government) |
US Constitution | 1791 | Clause 1: No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts, or grant any Title of Nobility. (reference) |
Amendment to US Constitution | 1795-1993 | But neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void. (reference) |
Marbury v. Madison | 1803 | The distinction between a government with limited and unlimited powers is abolished, if those limits do not confine the persons on whom they are imposed, and if acts prohibited and acts allowed, are of equal obligation. (reference) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | The officers who are retained in the Army must undertake the obligation to serve in it up to the age of forty-five years at least. (reference) |
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. | 1963 | Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check which has come back marked "insufficient funds." But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. (Delivered on the steps at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. on August 28, 1912) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | Wilson admitted the retiring of the obligation. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | The right to folly is not guaranteed, especially if society retains a residual obligation to deal with the results of a poor choice. (references) | |
In view of the great public interest in nutrition and disease prevention, the scientific community has an obligation to integrate new data and to provide health care practitioners and the public with guidance, even though all of the necessary long-term studies may not have been completed. (references) | ||
Business | Plaintiffs have an obligation to inform procuring entities of procurement law violations. (references) | |
A capitalized lease obligation is commonly defined as an ownership arrangement in which the item under lease is typically a long-term asset. (references) | ||
The MSDS may issue import permits for unregistered products only once under the obligation that the corresponding registry be completed later. (references) | ||
Children | Pakistan | This obligation rarely is enforced. (references) |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | As a result, local and entity governments have no legal obligation to finance such institutions and they operate only with government and international donations. (references) | |
Colombia | The Constitution imposes an obligation on the family, society, and the State to assist and protect children, to foster their development, and to ensure the full exercise of these rights. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | Turkey | Although it has not lifted the geographic limit of its treaty obligation, since 1994 the Government has granted temporary asylum to all those recognized as refugees. (references) |
Cameroon | CRTV television and radio programming include a weekly program, Expression Directe, which ostensibly fulfills the Government's legal obligation to provide an opportunity for all political parties represented in the National Assembly to present their views. (references) | |
Malta | During the year, a court order prohibiting the departure from the country of anyone who was the subject of a formal complaint that alleged nonfulfillment of a legal obligation, such as the nonpayment of a debt or nonsupport of an estranged spouse, was repealed. (references) | |
Economic History | Colombia | However, full funding to meet this obligation has not yet been found. (references) |
Ecuador | No obligation exists to record this contract in the Mercantile Register. (references) | |
South Africa | The bidder then has seven years to discharge the Industrial Participation obligation. (references) | |
Human Rights | Iraq | The Special Rapporteur repeatedly has reminded the Government of its obligation under the Landmines Protocol to protect civilians from the effects of mines. (references) |
Macedonia | Most of the 700 ethnic Albanians who evaded military service (either their initial draft obligation or reserves activation during the conflict) were not detained. (references) | |
Yemen | They do not receive the normal judicial training that judges do, nor do they fulfill their legal obligation to prosecute police who delay reporting arrests and detentions. (references) | |
Indigenous People | Venezuela | The petition alleged that the Government failed in its obligation to protect the Yanomami and to seek appropriate punishment of the killers, who were released by the Brazilian authorities after 3 months' detention. (references) |
Political Economy | SOUTH AFRICA | The Industrial Participation obligation must be fulfilled within seven years of the effective date of the IP agreement. (references) |
Hong Kong | Hong Kong's legal system, including the independence of the judiciary and obligation of the executive authorities to abide by the law, has also continued. (references) | |
Trade | Philippines | In the application of any safeguard measure, the obligation of existing supply contracts shall not be impaired or disadvantaged. (references) |
Ecuador | During this period, the obligation to pay taxes and duties is suspended, subject to the condition that the commodities be re-exported. (references) | |
Kuwait | The dollar value, however, of this obligation can be reduced if it is settled in a manner which is in accord with the Kuwaiti government's priorities. (references) | |
Travel | Egypt | Although taxis have meters, the official rate is so low, the obligation to pay something realistic is clear. (references) |
Honduras | Honduran business people frequently seek to build lifetime relationships and establish close links with clients or customers, which creates a reciprocal feeling of obligation and a mutual desire to be helpful. (references) | |
Women | Ethiopia | However, a husband has no obligation to provide financial assistance to his family and, as a result, women and children sometimes are abandoned when there is a problem in the marriage. (references) |
Worker Rights | Vietnam | However, the ordinance permits citizens to excuse themselves from this obligation by finding a substitute or paying a fee. (references) |
Nicaragua | The code also established an employer's obligation to provide housing to employees who are assigned temporarily to areas beyond commuting distance. (references) | |
Antigua and Barbuda | The employer's obligation ends after the first 6 weeks, but social services continue to pay 60 percent of wages for an additional 7 weeks, for a total of 13 weeks. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | MACHINATION, n. The method employed by one's opponents in baffling one's open and honorable efforts to do the right thing. So plain the advantages of machination It constitutes a moral obligation, And honest wolves who think upon't with loathing Feel bound to don the sheep's deceptive clothing. So prospers still the diplomatic art, And Satan bows, with hand upon his heart. R.S.K. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Paul Harvey | Probably, he's some of an exhibitionist. But, also, when we pray for guidance, and doors continue to open instead of close, a person comes to think of his job as an obligation. To enlighten and inform. |
Richard Shelby | We do the oversight, and we have legislation jurisdiction over the committees, but it is not our responsibility to furnish the intelligence to the policymakers. That is the responsibility and obligation of the community. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
James Monroe | 1817-1825 | The colonies will in that event become independent states, free from any obligation to or connection with us which it may not then be their interest to form on the basis of a fair reciprocity. |
John Quincy Adams | 1825-1829 | To conciliate the claim of the individual citizen to the enjoyment of personal liberty, with the effective obligation of private contracts, is the difficult problem to be solved by a law of bankruptcy. |
Martin van Buren | 1837-1841 | How imperious, then, is the obligation imposed upon every citizen, in his own sphere of action, whether limited or extended, to exert himself in perpetuating a condition of things so singularly happy! |
Calvin Coolidge | 1923-1929 | We extended our domain over distant islands in order to safeguard our own interests and accepted the consequent obligation to bestow justice and liberty upon less favored peoples. |
Harry S. Truman | 1945-1953 | All Americans will also remain deeply conscious of the obligation owed to that larger number of soldiers, sailors, and marines who suffered wounds and sickness in their service. |
John F. Kennedy | 1961-1963 | Our overriding obligation in the months ahead is to fulfill the world's hopes by fulfilling our own faith. |
Richard Nixon | 1969-1974 | But I had a greater obligation than to think only of the years of my administration and of the next election. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | Accordingly, the Government has a special obligation to support science as an investment in our future. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | Once we have saved Social Security, we must fulfill our obligation to save and improve Medicare. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Obligation" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Obligation" is used about 2,205 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 100% | 2,205 | 3,985 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "obligation": accumulated benefit obligation ♦ action for failure to fulfil obligation ♦ assume an obligation ♦ be under an obligation ♦ be under an obligation to do smth. ♦ be under an obligation to smb. ♦ carry an obligation ♦ collateralised mortgage obligation ♦ collateralized mortgage obligation ♦ confer an obligation ♦ Days of obligation ♦ feeling of obligation ♦ financial obligation ♦ freedom from obligation ♦ holy day of obligation ♦ moral obligation ♦ obligation note ♦ obligation of notification ♦ obligation to belong to a guild ♦ obligation to buy ♦ obligation to contribute ♦ obligation to observe silence ♦ obligation to pay ♦ obligation to pay maintenance ♦ obligation to report ♦ obligation venant à échéance ♦ peace obligation ♦ place under an obligation ♦ projected benefit obligation ♦ repay an obligation ♦ sense of obligation ♦ simple obligation ♦ under an obligation ♦ under no obligation ♦ under obligation. Additional references. | |
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "obligation": general-obligation, no-obligation, treaty-obligation. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "obligation"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Afrikaan | verpligting (duty), plig (duty). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | detyrë (assignation, assignment, burden, business, chore, devoir, duty, exercise, job, labor, labour, mission, office, ought, place, project, seal, task, task-work, tie, trust). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | فريضة (duty), واجب (assignment, charge, duty, imperative, must, office, onus, ought, task, trust), تعهد (assurance, assure, bind, bond, care, commit oneself, commitment, contract, engage, engagement, guardianship, mind, nurse, pledge, plight, promise, protection, stipulate, undertake, undertaking, warrant), سند (back, backlog, bolster, instrument, policy, prop, repose, script, shore, support, sustenance), المديونية (indebtedness), التزام (commitment, committing, involvement, trust). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | морална задълженост, морален дълг, задължение (bond, call, char, charge, commitment, committal, duty, engagement, guaranty, job, liability, office, onus, place, recognizance, responsibility, tie), ангажимент (engagement), повинност (duty, service). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Catalan | deure (duty). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 義務 (duty, voluntary, volunteer), 义务 (Duty, Voluntaries, Voluntary). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | závaznost, závazek (bond, commitment, engagement, liability, pledge, recognizance, undertaking), povinnost (business, commitment, devoir, duty, incumbency, job, liability, onus, part, responsibility), úpis (debenture, promissory note). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | pligt (duty). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | verplichting (duty), plicht (duty). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Esperanto | devo (duty). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farsi | محظور (Embargo, Hitch, Impediment, Obstacle), وظیفه (Assignment, Duty, Function, Incumbency, Office, Role, Service, Task, Taskwork, Work), التزام (Requirement). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | velvollisuus (duty). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | obligation (obl.), engagement. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Verpflichtung (bond, booking, commitment, committal, debt, duty, engagement, engaging, enlistment, incumbency, liability, responsibility, signing on, signing up, undertaking). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | υποχρέωση (commitment, indebtedness, obligation to). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hawaiian | detyrë (duty). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | מחויבות (commitment), מצוה (behest, command, commandment, duty, law, precept), חיוב (affirmation, conviction, positivity), חובה (blame, duty, guilt, must), חבות (indebtedness, liability), התקשרות (alliance, attachment, commitment, connection, joining), התחיבות (commitment, duty, liability, pledge, responsibility, undertaking). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | tartozás (debit, dues, passive debts, tribute), lekötelezettség (indebtedness), lekötelezés, kötvény (bond, debenture-bond), kötelesség (charge, devoir, duty, function, incumbency, ought, role), kötelezettség (bond, commitment, encumbrance, engagement, liability, ought, responsibility, tax, tie, undertaking), adóslevél (debenture, debenture-bond, iou, note, note of hand). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indonesian | wajib (duty, must, obligatory), kewajiban (conscript, duty), keharusan (must), darma (duty, good deed, service). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | obbligo (duty, imperative, onus), dovere (be bound to, be compelled to, be due, be forced to, be to, charge, duty, feel bound to, have to, must, need, office, ought, ought to, owe, shall, should, take), obbligazione (bond, debenture), impegno (appointment, bond, commitment, date, diligence, engagement, pledge, promise). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 責務 (duty), 義務付け , 義務 (duty, responsibility), 厚恩 (great favor), 厄介 (bother, burden, care, dependence, kindness, support, trouble, worry), 恩誼 (debt of gratitude, favour), 恩義 (debt of gratitude, favour), 恩 (debt of gratitude, favour), 強制 (coercion, compulsion, enforcement), 任 (charge, duty, responsibility), オブラートに包む (obbligato, oblique line, op art, optical art, option, optional, optional parts, optional tour, use an indirect expression). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | ぎむづけ, ぎむ (duty, responsibility), おんぎ (debt of gratitude, favour), おん (debt of gratitude, favour, note, sound), きょうせい (blackmail, coercion, compulsion, correction, enforcement, extortion, great, lovely voice, low singing voice, magnificent, paragenesis, persistent demand, reform, remedy, splendid, student teacher, symbiosis, training), にん (adult, character, charge, duty, human being, kernel, man, man of talent, mankind, messenger, other people, people, person, personality, responsibility, true man, visitor), せきむ (duty), こうおん (constant temperature, great benevolence or blessings, great favor, high temperature, high-pitched tone, soprano), オブリゲーション , やっかい (bother, burden, care, dependence, kindness, support, translating and explaining, trouble, worry). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 의무 (Duties, Duty, Obligatory, Onus). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Malay | kewajiban (duty). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | kiangley (anchoring, anchoring building, article, article to trade, attach, band, bandage, bandaging, belay, bend, bind, bind down, binding, bond, bow knot, bundle, compress, condition, condition terms, connect, constipate, constrain, dress, dressing, envoy, envoy of poem, fasten down, fastening, influence, involvement, juncture, link, lock, lock in, locking, make fast, nexus, pin, pinion, relationship, retain, retention, secure, shackle, stipulation, tether, tie, tie down, tie on, tie up, tying, vinculum), currym (appointment, assignment, benefice, business, care, custody, duty, engagement, funeral, guardianship, portfolio, post, responibility, task, trust). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Papiamen | deber (duty). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | obligationay obowiązek. (various references) obrigação (bond, burden, business, commitment, devoir, due, duty, engagement, function, incumbency, indebtedness, job, labor, labour, must, office, onus, ought, promissory, responsibility, shall, trust, would), dever (be obliged, charge, debt, devoir, duty, have to, must, office boy, onus, ought, ought to, owe, place, shall, should, thank, trust, would), compromisso (accommodation, affiance, appointment, commitment, committal, compromise, engagement, indecency, plight, promise). (various references) obligaţie (bond, business, commitment, duty, imposition, indebtedness, liability, onus, part, pledge, plight, recognizance, servitude, stint, task), sarcinã (assignment, burden, capacity, charge, faggot, gestation, load, lot, mission, onus, pack, part, pregnancy, quantity, target, task, trouble, weight), datorie (assignment, bond, business, credit, debt, due, duty, indebtedness, office, part, responsibility), îndatorire (duty, indebtedness, liability, office, part). (various references) обязательство (bond, commitment, committal, engagement, liability, obligations, plight, promis, promissory, recognizance, undertaking). (various references) eisimeil (dependence, reverence), ainfhiach (debt). (various references) obaveza (bond, call, duty, liability, must, undertaking), zaduženje (debit, responsibility), dug (debt, long), dužnost (duty, incumbency, office, part, post, trust). (various references) deber (due, duty, encumbrance, job, must, onus, ought, owe, part, remit, shall, should, suppose, task, term, thing, trust), obligación (bond, commitment, debenture, duty, engagement, liability, must, privity, trust), compromiso (accommodation, agreement, commitment, committal, compromise, date, difficulty, engagement, meet, meeting, pledge, undertaking). (various references) skyldighet (duty, liability, onus, responsibility), plikt (duty, fine, liability, office), förpliktelse (engagement, responsibility). (various references) สัญญาผูกมัด, หน้าที่ (business, function, onus), ความรู้สึกเป็นหนี้บุญคุณ. (various references) zorunluluk (burden, essentiality, exigence, exigency, imperative, incumbency, indispensability, necessity, ought, urgency), yükümlülük (charge, compulsion, duty, encumbrance, engagement, function, impost, incumbency, liability, onus, ought, responsibility), senet (bill, bond, commercial paper, copy, indenture, instrument, muniment, note, proof, script, voucher), minnet borcu (debt of gratitude, gratefulness), minnet (gratefulness, thankfulness), mecburiyet (compulsion, exigence, exigency, indispensability), borç (accommodation, arrear, arrears, care, debit, debt, encumbrance, liability, loan, red), ödev (assignment, duty, homework, incumbency, schoolwork, task, theme). (various references) обов'язковість (obligatoriness), обов'язок (business, devoir, duty, incumbency, obligement, office, onus, responsibility, task, tie), облігація, зобов'язання (debt, engagements, indebtedness, liability, plight, subjection, undertaking), боргова розписка (debenture), примусова сила, повинність (obligement, office). (various references) sự mang ơn, sự biết ơn, nghĩa vụ (task), bổn phận ơn. (various references) rhwymedigaeth (bond), rhwym (bond, bound, tie), gorfodaeth (compulsion), gorfod (be obliged, necessity), dyletswydd (duty), dyled (debt). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Sumerian | 3100 BCE-2500 BCE | 2. har. (various references) |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | gratia, necessaria, necessariae, necessarias, necessarii, necessariis, necessarios, necessarium, necessarius, necessitas, necessitate, necessitatem, necessitates, necessitati, necessitatibus, necessitatis, necessitudine, officia, officii, officiis, officio, officium, religio, religione, religionem, religioni, religionis. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "obligation": obligations. (additional references) | |
| |
"Obligation" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: obigation, obligatiob, obligatoin, oblivation, Olgiati, oligodon. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "obligation" (pronounced Ä'blugā"shun) |
| 7 | -l u g ā" sh u n | allegation, delegation. |
| 6 | -u g ā" sh u n | abrogation, congregation, conjugation, desegregation, fumigation, interrogation, investigation, irrigation, litigation, navigation, negation, propagation, segregation. |
| 5 | -g ā" sh u n | elongation, instigation, ligation, mitigation. |
| 4 | -ā" sh u n | abbreviation, abdication, aberration, abomination, acceleration, acclimation, accommodation, accreditation, accumulation, accusation, acidification, activation, adaptation, adjudication, administration, admiration, adoration, adulation, advocation, affectation, affiliation, affirmation, agglomeration, aggravation, agitation, alienation, alleviation, allocation, alphabetization, alteration, altercation, amalgamation, amelioration, amortization, amplification, amputation, animation, annexation, annihilation, annotation, anticipation, antidiscrimination, appellation, application, appreciation, approbation, appropriation, approximation, arbitration, argumentation, articulation, aspiration, assassination, assimilation, association, augmentation, authentication, authorization, automation, aviation, avocation, balkanization, bifurcation, calculation, calibration, cancellation, cannibalization, capitalization, capitulation, carnation, castration, categorization, causation, celebration, centralization, certification, cessation, cetacean, characterization, citation, civilization, clarification, classification, coagulation, codification, cogeneration, cogitation, cohabitation, collaboration, collectivization, colonization, coloration, colorization, combination, commemoration, commendation, commercialization, communication, communization, compensation, compilation, complication, computation, computerization, concatenation, concentration, conciliation, condemnation, condensation, confabulation, confederation, configuration, confirmation, confiscation, conflagration, confrontation, conglomeration, congratulation, connotation, consecration, conservation, consideration, consolation, consolidation, constellation, consternation, constipation, consultation, consummation, contamination, contemplation, continuation, conversation, convocation, cooperation, coordination, coronation, corporation, correlation, corroboration, creation, cremation, criminalization, crustacean, culmination, cultivation, dalmatian, damnation, decaffeination, decapitation, deceleration, decentralization, decertification, declaration, decontamination, decoration, decriminalization, dedication, defamation, deflation, deforestation, deformation, degeneration, degradation, dehumanization, dehydration, deification, deinstitutionalization, deliberation, delineation, demarcation, demilitarization, demobilization, democratization, demodulation, demonization, demonstration, demoralization, denationalization, denomination, denuclearization, denunciation, depopulation, deportation, depravation, depreciation, depredation, deprivation, deregulation, derivation, desalination, desalinization, desecration, desiccation, designation, desolation, desperation, destabilization, destination, determination, detonation, detoxication, detoxification, devaluation, devastation, deviation, dictation, differentiation, dilatation, dilation, discoloration, discontinuation, discrimination, disembarkation, disinclination, disinflation, disinformation, disintegration, dislocation, disorganization, disorientation, dispensation, disputation, disqualification, dissemination, dissertation, dissipation, dissociation, distillation, diversification, divination, documentation, domestication, domination, donation, dramatization, duplication, duration, echolocation, edification, education, ejaculation, elaboration, elation, electrification, elevation, elimination, emanation, emancipation, embarkation, emigration, emulation, enumeration, equalization, equitation, equivocation, eradication, escalation, estimation, evacuation, evaluation, evaporation, evocation, exacerbation, exaggeration, examination, exasperation, excavation, excitation, exclamation, excommunication, exfoliation, exhalation, exhilaration, exhortation, exhumation, exoneration, expatriation, expectation, experimentation, expiration, explanation, explication, exploitation, exploration, expropriation, extermination, extrapolation, fabrication, facilitation, falsification, fascination, federation, fermentation, fertilization, fibrillation, figuration, filtration, fixation, flirtation, flotation, fluctuation, fluoridation, foliation, formation, formulation, fortification, foundation, fragmentation, frustration, gasification, gastrulation, generalization, generation, gentrification, germination, gestation, glaciation, globalization, glorification, gradation, graduation, granulation, gratification, gravitation, gyration, habitation, hallucination, harmonization, hesitation, hibernation, hospitalization, humiliation, hybridization, hydration, hydrogenation, hyperinflation, identification, illumination, illustration, imagination, imitation, immigration, immunization, impersonation, implantation, implementation, implication, importation, impregnation, improvisation, imputation, inactivation, inauguration, incantation, incapacitation, incarceration, incarnation, inclination, incoordination, incorporation, incrimination, incrustation, incubation, indemnification, indentation, indexation, indication, indignation, indoctrination, industrialization, infatuation, infestation, infiltration, inflammation, inflation, information, inhabitation, inhalation, initiation, innovation, inoculation, insemination, insinuation, inspiration, installation, institutionalization, instrumentation, insubordination, insulation, integration, intensification, internationalization, interpretation, intimation, intimidation, intonation, intoxication, inundation, invalidation, invitation, invocation, ionization, irradiation, irritation, isolation, jubilation, justification, laceration, lactation, legalization, legislation, levitation, liberalization, liberation, libration, limitation, liquidation, localization, location, lubrication, machination, magnetization, magnification, malformation, manifestation, manipulation, marginalization, masturbation, maturation, maximization, mechanization, mediation, medication, meditation, menstruation, migration, mineralization, miniaturization, ministration, misallocation, misapplication, misappropriation, miscalculation, mischaracterization, miscommunication, miscreation, misidentification, misinformation, misinterpretation, misrepresentation, mobilization, moderation, modernization, modification, modulation, molestation, monopolization, motivation, multiplication, mummification, mutation, mutilation, narration, nation, nationalization, naturalization, negotiation, neutralization, nitration, nomination, nondiscrimination, nonproliferation, normalization, notation, notification, nucleation, nullification, obfuscation, observation, occupation, operation, optimization, oration, orchestration, ordination, organisation, organization, orientation, origination, ornamentation, oscillation, ossification, ostentation, ovation, overpopulation, overregulation, overvaluation, ovulation, oxidation, pacification, pagination, palpitation, participation, pasteurization, penetration, perforation, permutation, perpetuation, personalization, personification, perspiration, perturbation, pigmentation, plantation, polarization, politicization, pollination, pontification, popularization, population, precipitation, predestination, prefabrication, premeditation, preoccupation, preparation, presentation, preservation, pressurization, privation, privatization, probation, proclamation, procrastination, procreation, profanation, prognostication, proliferation, pronunciation, proration, prostration, protestation, provocation, publication, punctuation, purification, qualification, quantification, quotation, radiation, radicalization, ramification, ratification, rationalization, reaffirmation, realization, reallocation, reauthorization, recalculation, recantation, recapitalization, recertification, recitation, reclamation, reclassification, recommendation, reconciliation, reconfiguration, reconfirmation, reconsideration, recreation, recrimination, rectification, recuperation, redecoration, rededication, reevaluation, reexamination, reflation, reforestation, reformation, refrigeration, refutation, regeneration, regimentation, registration, regulation, rehabilitation, rehydration, reincarnation, reincorporation, reinterpretation, reinvigoration, reiteration, rejuvenation, relation, relaxation, relocation, remediation, remuneration, renationalization, renegotiation, renomination, renovation, renunciation, reorganization, reparation, repatriation, replication, representation, repudiation, reputation, reregulation, reservation, resignation, respiration, restoration, resuscitation, retaliation, retardation, reunification, revaluation, revelation, reverberation, revitalization, revocation, rotation, rumination, salvation, sanctification, sanitation, saponification, saturation, securitization, sedation, sedimentation, segmentation, sensation, separation, sequestration, simplification, simulation, situation, socialization, solicitation, sophistication, specialization, specification, speculation, stabilization, stagflation, stagnation, standardization, starvation, station, sterilization, stimulation, stipulation, strangulation, subluxation, subordination, subsidization, substantiation, suburbanization, suffocation, summation, superstation, syndication, tabulation, taxation, telecommunication, temptation, termination, titillation, toleration, transformation, transillumination, translation, transplantation, transportation, trepidation, triangulation, tribulation, undervaluation, unification, unionization, urbanization, usurpation, utilization, vacation, vaccination, vacillation, validation, valuation, vaporization, variation, vegetation, ventilation, verification, vibration, victimization, vilification, vindication, violation, visitation, visualization, vocation, vulgarization, westernization. |
| 3 | -sh u n | abduction, abolition, abortion, absolution, absorption, abstraction, academician, accession, accretion, acquisition, action, addiction, addition, admission, admonition, adoption, advection, affection, affliction, aggression, alliteration, alternation, ambition, ammunition, antiabortion, anticorruption, apparition, apportion, apprehension, ascension, ashen, assertion, assumption, attention, attraction, attribution, attrition, auction, audition, beautician, benediction, brutalization, caption, carburetion, caution, circulation, circumspection, clinician, coalition, coercion, cognition, collection, commission, commotion, compassion, competition, completion, complexion, composition, comprehension, compression, compulsion, compunction, conception, conceptualization, concession, concoction, concussion, condescension, condition, conduction, confection, confession, conjunction, connection, conniption, conscription, constitution, constriction, construction, consumption, contention, contortion, contraception, contraction, contradiction, contraption, contribution, contrition, convection, convention, conviction, convolution, convulsion, correction, corruption, counterrevolution, crucifixion, cushion, deception, decimation, decommission, decomposition, decompression, deconstruction, deduction, defection, definition, deletion, demolition, demotion, dentition, depiction, depletion, deposition, depression, dereliction, description, desertion, destitution, destruction, detection, detention, deterioration, devolution, devotion, diction, dietitian, diffraction, digression, dilution, dimension, diminution, direction, disaffection, disconnection, discretion, discussion, disinfection, disposition, disruption, dissatisfaction, dissection, dissension, dissolution, distinction, distortion, distraction, distribution, dysfunction, edition, egyptian, ejection, election, electrician, electrocution, elocution, emission, emotion, emulsion, encryption, erection, erudition, eruption, eviction, evolution, exaction, exception, excoriation, excretion, execution, exemption, exertion, exhibition, expansion, expedition, exposition, expression, expulsion, extension, extinction, extortion, extraction, extradition, faction, fashion, fiction, fission, flexion, formalization, fraction, freshen, friction, fruition, function, gentian, geriatrician, gumption, hessian, homogenization, hypertension, hypotension, ignition, impassion, imperfection, imposition, impression, inaction, inception, incineration, indiscretion, induction, infarction, infection, inflection, infliction, infraction, inhibition, injection, injunction, inquisition, inscription, insertion, inspection, institution, instruction, insurrection, interaction, interception, intercession, interconnection, interdiction, interjection, intermission, interruption, intersection, introduction, introspection, intuition, invention, junction, jurisdiction, juxtaposition, lilliputian, liposuction, liquefaction, locomotion, logician, lotion, magician, malfunction, malnutrition, mansion, martian, mathematician, mention, midsection, misapprehension, misconception, misimpression, misperception, mission, mortician, motion, munition, musician, nonaggression, nonfiction, nonprescription, notion, nutrition, objection, obsession, obstetrician, obstruction, ocean, omission, opposition, oppression, optician, option, overconsumption, overexpansion, overproduction, overprotection, overreaction, oversimplification, partition, passion, patrician, pediatrician, pension, perception, percussion, perfection, permission, persecution, petition, physician, politician, pollution, portion, position, possession, potion, precaution, precession, preconception, precondition, prediction, predilection, predisposition, preelection, preemption, preignition, premonition, prescription, presumption, presupposition, pretension, prevention, procession, production, profession, progression, prohibition, projection, promotion, proportion, proposition, propulsion, proscription, prosecution, prostitution, protection, ration, reaction, reassertion, reception, recession, recognition, recollection, recondition, reconstruction, redefinition, redemption, redirection, redistribution, reduction, reeducation, reelection, reflection, regression, reimposition, reinspection, reintegration, reintroduction, reinvention, rejection, remission, rendition, repercussion, repetition, reposition, repossession, repression, reproduction, requisition, resolution, restitution, restriction, resumption, resurrection, retention, retraction, retransmission, retribution, revolution, revulsion, rhetorician, sanction, satisfaction, secession, secretion, section, sedition, seduction, selection, session, solution, statistician, submission, subscription, subsection, substation, substitution, subtraction, succession, suction, superstition, supposition, suppression, suspension, suspicion, syncopation, tactician, technician, tension, theoretician, titian, traction, tradition, transaction, transcription, transection, transgression, transition, transmission, tuition, venetian, volition, workstation. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-b-g-i-i-l-n-o-o-t" | |
-1 letter: abolition. | |
-2 letters: bloating, boltonia, intaglio, libation, ligation, lobation, longboat, oblation, obligati, obligato, tabooing. | |
-3 letters: antilog, bailing, baiting, biltong, boating, boiling, bologna, bolting, booting, intagli, looting, tabling, tailing, toiling, tooling. | |
-4 letters: ailing, albino, bagnio, baling, bating, biotin, biting, bonita, bonito, booing, gabion, gaboon, galiot, galoot, gitano, globin, goblin, lagoon, latigo, latino, logion, looing, lotion, nilgai. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-b-g-i-i-l-n-o-o-t" | |
+1 letter: obligations. | |
+2 letters: automobiling. | |
+3 letters: globalization. | |
+4 letters: bioregionalist, globalizations. | |
+5 letters: bioregionalists, gnotobiotically. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)4F 62 6C 69 67 61 74 69 6F 6E |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)--- -... .-.. .. --. .- - .. --- -. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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| Amazon.com BOOKS: Search for: "obligation" |
