Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Nursing |
NursingNoun1. The work of caring for the sick or injured or infirm. 2. The profession of a nurse. 3. Nourishing at the breast. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "nursing" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1200. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Dream Interpretation | For a woman to dream of nursing her baby, denotes pleasant employment. For a young woman to dream of nursing a baby, foretells that she will occupy positions of honor and trust. For a man to dream of seeing his wife nurse their baby, denotes harmony in his pursuits. Source: Ten Thousand Dreams Interpreted .... |
Medicine | The profession of a norse (modern school of nursing). Source: European Union. (references) |
| The feeding of a baby with milk from the breast. Source: European Union. (references) | |
| The profession of a nurse(modern schools of nursing). Source: European Union. (references) | |
| The profession of a nurse (modern schools of nursing). Source: European Union. (references) | |
| The varied activities that constitute the duties of a nurse. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Breastfeeding is the practice of a human mother feeding a baby (and sometimes a young toddler, see below) with milk produced from her mammary glands, usually directly from the nipples. Babies have a sucking instinct allowing them to extract the milk. (Alternatively a baby can be fed special industrial milk, "infant formula".)
Overview
Throughout pregnancy a woman's body produces hormones which stimulate the growth of the milk duct system in the breasts: progesterone, estrogen, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin, oxytocin, and human placental lactogen (HPL). By the fifth or sixth month of pregnancy, the breasts are sufficiently developed to produce milk. Near the time of birth, the breasts may begin to secrete a thick, yellowish fluid called colostrum (or "beestings"), which is the first milk the infant receives. It contains important antibodies from the mother's body providing immunological protection. Colostrum has no fat and little sugar - these substances appear three to four days after birth when the suckling action of the infant further stimulates the breast to produce mature breast milk. Thereafter the breast produces milk on a basis of supply and demand in response to how often a child feeds and how much milk he or she consumes. The production, secretion and ejection of milk is called lactation.
The exact integrated properties of breast milk are unknown, but the nutrient content after this period is relatively consistent and draws its ingredients from the mother's food supply. If that supply is found lacking, content is obtained from the mother's bodily stores. The exact composition of breast milk varies from day to day, depending on food consumption, meaning that the ratio of water to fat fluctuates. Foremilk, the milk released at the beginning of a feeding, is low in fat and high in carbohydrates relative to the hindmilk which is released as the milk supplies are drawn down. The breast can never be truly "emptied" since milk production is a continuous biologic process.
Benefits
Breast milk consumption has been linked to a decreased risk for several infant conditions including Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). The sucking technique required of the infant encourages the proper development of both the teeth and other speech organs.
Numerous health benefits of breastfeeding have been medically documented.. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics' policy statement on breastfeeding and the use of human milk, "Extensive research, especially in recent years, documents diverse and compelling advantages to infants, mothers, families, and society from breastfeeding and the use of human milk for infant feeding. These include health, nutritional, immunologic, developmental, psychological, social, economic, and environmental benefits."[1]
Breastfeeding has also been shown to be beneficial to the mother. The act of breastfeeding releases hormones which have been found to both relax the mother and cause her to experience nurturing feelings toward her infant. Breastfeeding as soon as possible after giving birth increases levels of oxytocin which encourages a more rapid contraction of the uterus and in turn decreases postpartum bleeding. Breastfeeding can also allow the mother to return to her pre-pregnant weight as the fat stores accumulated during pregnancy are utilized in milk production. Frequent and exclusive breastfeeding delays the return of menstruation and fertility (this is known as lactational amenorrhea) allowing for improved iron stores and the possibility of natural child spacing. Breastfeeding mothers experience improved bone re-mineralization postpartum, and a reduced risk for both ovarian and pre-menopausal breast cancer. In some cases, women who breastfeed have been known to have an orgasm while feeding.
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) provides the following recommendation, "Exclusive breastfeeding is ideal nutrition and sufficient to support optimal growth and development for approximately the first 6 months after birth. [...] It is recommended that breastfeeding continue for at least 12 months, and thereafter for as long as mutually desired."[1]
The World Health Organization (WHO) states that "a recent review of evidence has shown that, on a population basis, exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months is the optimal way of feeding infants. Thereafter infants should receive complementary foods with continued breastfeeding up to 2 years of age or beyond." [1]
Exceptions
There are certain women who, for one reason or another, may be unable to breastfeed. These reasons include damage to the mammary glands through previous surgery, breast infection or breast abscess, cancer (especially of the breast), previous radiation treatment, or inadequate milk supply (which is rare among healthy, adequately nourished women). Many women with previous surgeries, abscesses and cancer can breastfeed successfully.
Breastfeeding can be harmful to the infant if the mother:
Excessive caffeine consumption by the mother can cause irritability, sleeplessness, nervousness and increased feeding in the breastfed infant. Moderate use (one to two cups per day) usually produces no effect. Breastfeeding mothers are advised to avoid or restrict caffeine intake.
- has certain infectious diseases such as HIV, AIDS or active, untreated tuberculosis
- has active herpes lesions on the breast
- is severely malnourished
- is taking certain medications that suppress the immune system
- is taking certain medications which may be passed onto the child through the milk and are found to be harmful
- uses potentially harmful substances such as caffeine, tobacco, alcohol, cocaine, heroin and amphetamines
- has had excessive exposure to heavy metals such as mercury
Breastfeeding mothers must use caution if they regularly consume nicotine through tobacco smoking. In addition to reducing the milk supply, heavy use of cigarettes (more than 20 per day) has been shown to cause vomiting, diarrhea, rapid heart rate, and restlessness in infants. In general, though, nicotine in breast milk is not easily absorbed into the infant's intestinal tract and is quickly metabolized. Research is ongoing to determine whether the benefits of breastfeeding out-weigh the potential harm of nicotine in breast milk.
Heavy alcohol consumption is known to be harmful to the infant, but there is no consensus on how much alcohol may be safely consumed. It is generally agreed that small amounts of alcohol may be occasionally consumed by a breastfeeding mother. Levels of alcohol in breast milk peak 30 to 90 minutes after one drink of moderate alcoholic content. Considering the known dangers of alcohol exposure to the developing fetus, many medical professionals believe it is prefereable to err on the side of caution with alcohol exposure to a baby and have breastfeeding women restrict their alcoholic intake.
The recreational use of marijuana in conjunction with breastfeeding is a controversial issue. The AAP Committee on Drugs lists marijuana in their table of Drugs of Abuse for Which Adverse Effects on the Infant During Breastfeeding Have Been Reported yet they reference only one study in the literature and this study reports no effect. [1] There is a lack of research on the effects of marijuana on the breastfed infant.
In the few cases where it is not possible for a mother to breastfeed, breast milk may be expressed and fed to an infant by bottle, milk may be offered from another breastfeeding woman, or if necessary, infant formula can be offered. While considered inferior to breast-feeding, infant formula has in recent times been marketed in developing countries as being a superior feeding-solution.
Miscellaneous
Although not widely known in developed countries, women who have never been pregnant are able to lactate and therefore breastfeed as well. If their nipples are stimulated in a breastfeeding manner for a while (such as a breast pump or an actual baby suckling), eventually the breasts will begin to produce milk which can be used to feed a baby. For this reason, adoptive mothers, usually initially in conjuction with some form of supplementation, are able to breastfeed their infants. (There is also anecdotal evidence for male lactation [1]).
Feeding two infants simultaneously is called tandem breastfeeding. This is convenient if a woman gives birth to a newborn while still feeding an older baby or child. Although most may find it controversial, it is sometimes found that a woman would breastfeed her offspring for as many as five years from birth or more. This is referred to as extended breastfeeding.
See also: human reproduction, parenting, weaning, wet nurse
External Links
- Breast-Feeding resource page
- Breast-Feeding Best Bet for Babies
- La Leche League International: a breastfeeding advocacy and support network
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Breastfeeding."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In the health care professions, a nurse is someone who practices nursing professionally. Nurses are responsible for the safety and recovery of acutely or injured people, health maintenance of the healthy, and treatment of life-threatening emergencies in all health care settings. Nurses develop a plan of care and are often the only providers who do so collaboratively with physicians, therapists, the patient, and other team members. In the U.S., advanced practice nurses (APN's), such as clinical nurse specialists and nurse practitioners, diagnose problems and prescribe drugs or therapies. Nurses coordinate the patient care performed by other members of a health care team (therapists, dietitians, etc.). Nurses provide care both interdependently, e.g., with physicians, and independently as nursing professionals.
In other parts of the world, the educational background for nurses varies widely. In some parts of eastern Europe, nurses are high school students with 12 to 18 months of training. In Chile, in contrast, all registered nurses have a minimum of a bachelor's degree.
Types of Nurses (and Non-nurses)
Nurses in the United States exist on several distinct levels, distinguished by increasing education, responsibility and skills. The major distinction is between task-based nursing and professional nursing.
Nursing assistants ,orderlies, and "patient- care assistants" are not nurses. In acute-care hospitals, their duties are limited to tasks delegated by the registered or licensed practical nurse. Most orderlies are trained to perform heavy patient-movement or other muscular tasks. Orderlies were originally the "police" of hospitals, to keep the patients "orderly." Certified nursing assistants assist nurses by taking vital signs, administering hygienic care, assisting with feeding, giving basic psychosocial care, and similar duties. See also candystriper; hospital volunteers.
Technicians and specialized therapists may wear uniforms similar to those of nurses, but are not considered nurses. For example, certified medication aides are trained to administer medications but have no training in nursing decision-making. There are also blood collection technicians, and technicians trained to operate most kinds of diagnostic and laboratory equipment. Respiratory and physical therapists perform only specific procedures.
Licensed Practical Nurses (LPN; they are known as Licensed Vocational Nurses, LVN, in California and Texas) exist in most states. These usually have two years of training in body function & structure, drugs and practical patient care. They must pass state or national boards and renew their license periodically. They can perform simple as well as complex medical procedures and usually operate under the supervision of professional registered nurses (RNs) or physicians. They can administer most medications, perform measurements (blood pressure, temperature, etc), record-keeping, help with patient-care planning, first aid, CPR, sterile and isolation procedure and basic care. Licensed Practical Nurses are often found working under the supervision of physicians in clinics. In long term care facilities, they sometimes supervise nursing assistants and orderlies.
Registered Nurses are professional nurses who often supervise the tasks performed by LPNs, orderlies and nursing assistants. They provide direct care and make decisions regarding plans of care for individuals and groups of healthy, ill and injured people. They have bachelor degrees or associate degrees in nursing including many hours of clinical experience. They are the largest group of healthcare workers in the United States, numbering over 2.6 million. It is estimated that an additional 750,000 RNs will be needed by 2005 in the U.S. Much research has shown that RNs are the first-line defense of hospitalized patients against disability or death from infection, cardiopulmonary arrest, and other serious complications. Higher ratios of registered nurses to patients has been shown to decrease certain complications of illness including death in patients. Registered nurses are educators, managers, executives, therapists, intensive care experts, symptom managers, professional mentors, researchers and community members. In hospitals, registered nurses perform diverse roles such as writing policies, responding to emergencies, managing professional, technical and ancillary staff, determining budgets, performing strategic planning, and supervising construction projects.
Advanced Practice Nurses perform primary health care, mental health services, diagnosis and prescribing, carry out research, and educate the public and other professionals. Some APNs diagnose illness and prescribe drugs. APNs possess a Masters' Degree or higher in Nursing, and may sit for additional certification examinations. These exams allow an APN to practice independently in a specialty. They may operate as a Certified Nurse Midwife (CNM), Nurse-Practitioner (NP), Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) or Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA).
All advanced practice certifications require continuing education and other requirements (such as periodic reexamination) to maintain the credential. Advanced practice nurses can expect to earn above-average salaries, especially as the population of the US ages and the demand for highly-skilled healthcare workers grows proportionally.
At the top of the educational ladder is the doctorally-prepared nurse. Nurses may gain the PhD or another doctoral degree (Doctor of Nursing Science, Nursing Doctor), specializing in research and/or clinical nursing treatment. These nurses practice nursing, teach nursing and carry out nursing research. As the science of nursing has advanced, so has the demand for doctorally-prepared nurses.
What do Nurses do?
According to the US Department of Labor's revised Occupational Outlook Handbook (2000), "Registered nurses (R.N.s) work to promote health, prevent disease, and help patients cope with illness. They are advocates and health educators for patients, families, and communities. When providing direct patient care, they observe, assess, and record symptoms, responses, and progress; assist physicians during treatments and examinations; administer medications; and assist in convalescence and rehabilitation. R.N.s also develop and manage nursing care plans; instruct patients and their families in proper care; and help individuals and groups take steps to improve or maintain their health."
Educational Preparation
All US states and territories require RNs to graduate from an accredited nursing program which allows the candidate to sit for the NCLEX examination, a standardized examination administered through the National Council of State Boards of Nursing. Successful completion of the NCLEX examination confers state licensure as an RN. Nurses may be licensed in more than one state, either by examination or endorsement of a license issued by another state. Licenses must be periodically renewed. Some states require continuing education in order to renew licenses.
Registered nurses may receive their basic preparation through one of three avenues:
All pathways into practice require that the candidate complete some clinical training in nursing. While in clinical training, student nurses are identified by a special uniform. Graduates of all programs, once licensed, are generally eligible for employment as entry-level staff nurses.
- Graduation from an Associate-Degree nursing program (approximately 3 years of college level study with a strong emphasis on clinical knowledge and skills)earning the degree of ASN/AAS in Nursing.
- Graduation with a three-year (diploma) certificate from a hospital-based school of nursing (non-degree). Few of these programs remainin the U.S.
- Graduation from a University with a Bachelor's Degree in Nursing (a 4 - 5 year program conferring the BSN/BN degree with enhanced emphasis on leadership and research as well as clinically-focused courses).
It is common for RNs to seek additional education to prepare themselves to assume leadership or advanced practice roles within nursing. Management and teaching positions increasingly require candidates to hold an advanced degree in nursing. Many hospitals offer tuition remission or assistance to nurses who want to continue their education beyond their basic preparation.
Nurses from other countries who want to take the US nursing licensure exam are required to be proficient in English and have their educational credentials evaluated by an association known as the Council of Graduates of Foreign Nursing Schools (www.cgfns.org) prior to being permitted to take the US licensing exam.
Where do Nurses work?
Most RNs work in a hospital. A registered nurse has a very portable job skill. In many cities, RNs can enter their names in a "registry" and work a wide variety of temporary jobs. Beside hospitals, RNs work in schools, home health care, in office and occupational or industrial health settings, free-standing clinics and physician offices, nurse-run clinics, long-term care facilities, camps, and as advisors and consultants to the healthcare and insurance industries. Some RNs work with attorneys as Legal Nurse Consultants, reviewing patient records to assure that adequate care was provided. Some RNs are attorneys.
There are many different nursing specialties, encompassing care throughout the human lifespan and based upon patient needs. Many nurses who choose a specialty become certified in that specialty, signifying that they possess expert knowledge of the specialty. There are over 200 nursing specialties and sub-specialties. Certified nurses often earn a salary differential over their non-certified colleagues, and studies from the Institute of Medicine have demonstrated that specialty certified nurses have higher rates of patient satisfaction, as well as lower rates of work-related errors in patient care.
History of nursing
In premodern times, nuns and the military often provided nursing services. the religious and military roots of modern nursing remain in evidence today. For example, in Great Britain, nurses are known as "sisters." Florence Nightingale is regarded as the founder of modern nursing, which flourished in response to the World Wars.
A Few Professional Nursing Organizations
See also :health profession
- American Assocation of Critical Care Nurses
- American Nurses' Association
- Oncology Nursing Society
- Sigma Theta Tau International
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Nurse."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Nursing is a discipline focused on assisting individuals, families and communities in attaining, re-attaining and maintaining optimal health and functioning.A nurse practices nursing as a profession. There are a number of educational paths to becoming a professional nurse and in many countries, nursing practice is regulated by law. Advanced practice nurses include nurses with advanced education, generally at the graduate school level. There also are nurse reseachers who have PhDs in nursing or other fields and study human responses to health and illness in many settings.
Nurses acknowledge that the nursing profession is an essential part of the society from which it has grown. The authority for the practice of nursing is based upon a social contract that delineates professional rights and responsibilities as well as mechanisms for public accountability. The American Nurses' Association (1980) has defined nursing as "the diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual or potential health problems." Nursing diagnoses are unique, bearing little resemblance to medical diagnoses.
Nurses practise in a wide range of settings from hospital to visiting people in their homes. Nursing is the most diverse of all healthcare professions. It is a universal phenomenon appearing in some form in every culture.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Nursing."
Synonym: NursingSynonym: breast feeding (n). (additional references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | I knowyou graduated with a 3.7? And then you went to nursing school (Ed; writing credit: Steven Joel Kerzner) More amazing than the time you saved those old people from that nursing home fire, right (The Goonies; writing credit: Steven Spielberg; Chris Columbus) | |
Lyrics | Think I'm done nursing the patience (Learn To Fly; performing artist: Foo Fighters) | |
Tongue Twisters | Nine nice night nurses nursing nicely. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Psychiatric Nursing (1958) Careful Nursing (1912) Nursing a Viper (1909) The Tramp and the Nursing Bottle (1901) Nursing the Baby (1897) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
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Periodicals | |||
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Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Jobos Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. The root system of the red mangrove is used as nursing areas by many marine animals. Credit: National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERR). |  | Plate 27. The Fur-seal. Callorhinus ursinus. a. Old "Seecatch" or male, 8 to 24 years old; b. Young "See-catch" 6 to 8 years old; c. "Holluschickie", or young males, 2 years old; d. "Matkah" or mother nursing her pup; e. "Cow" fanning herself; f. "Cow" sleeping; g. "Cow" napping and fanning herself; h. "Cow crooning to the male.; j. characteristic position of old males. Credit: National Marine Fisheries Historical Image Collection. |
 | Mother using a nursing breast pump to gather milk for baby for next feeding. Credit: USDA. |  | Nursing means the offer of loving care and attention when it is most needed. / WHO p. Credit: National Library of Medicine; photo by J. Mohr.. |
 | [Training for nurses at the School of Nursing at Rey, Teheran] WHO p. Credit: National Library of Medicine; photo by Philip Boucas.. |  | Founder of the Holy Cross Nursing Sisters. She was supervisor of the eighty Holy Cross Sisters who served as military nurses during the Civil War. Credit: NAVY. |
 | Main building of the hospital, a converted warehouse, while Dr. Horace Warnder was Surgeon in Charge during the Civil War, as sketched by William Groth. This hospital was staffed by the Nursing Sisters of the Holy Cross, St. Mary's Convent, South Bend, Indiana. It also served as staffing base for the Navy hospital ship USS Red Rover. In 1963, this building was a warehouse of the Cairo River & Rail Co. Credit: NAVY. |  | Architectural drawing for an Episcopalian nursing home ("Epiphany Church Home"), 1221 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. Front perspective. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Eskimo mother nursing child. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Cutting up the fatback and nursing along the fire. Migrant family bound for California. Henrietta, Oklahoma. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
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| "Nursing home resident 9" by Loretta Humble Commentary: "Nursing home residents on "glamour shots" day." | "Baby" by João Estêvão A. De Freitas Commentary: "Baby drinking nursing bottle." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Charlotte Bronté | Life appears to me too short to be spent in nursing animosity or registering wrong. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | And unless they had done so, young societies could not have subsisted; without such nursing fathers tender and careful of the public weal, all governments would have sunk under the weakness and infirmities of their infancy, and the prince and the people had soon perished together. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Sylvie and Bruno | Carroll, Lewis | And he sat down on the ground, and began nursing it. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Medical and nursing education neglect urinary incontinence. (references) | |
Supportive care may be needed to help with comfort and nursing needs. (references) | ||
Nursing skill in access use has a major influence on dialysis success. (references) | ||
Business | At present, approximately two-thirds of nursing home residents are edentulous. (references) | |
Efforts are already underway to encourage a shift in treatment of patients from hospitals to long-term care and nursing facilities. (references) | ||
Home care service includes nursing care, rehabilitation services, and such day-to-day assistance as bathing, cooking, and shopping. (references) | ||
Children | Taiwan | One-third of the total are severely disabled and receive shelter or nursing care from the authorities. (references) |
Swaziland | Queues are long, nursing care in public hospitals is poor, and hospitals are overcrowded and understaffed. (references) | |
Cape Verde | In September the Education Minister announced that pregnant students would be suspended from classes during pregnancy or nursing; however, no such action occurred by year's end. (references) | |
Economic History | Norway | Nursing and care for the aged must be given higher priority. (references) |
Andorra | The only two graduate schools in Andorra are the Nursing School and the School of Computer Science. (references) | |
Norway | Around 40 percent of population aged 67 and above require and receive help in the home, while 8 percent live in a nursing home. (references) | |
Human Rights | Kuwait | The National Assembly has an active Human Rights Committee, which takes testimony from individuals regarding abuses, investigates conditions in prisons and nursing homes, and makes nonbinding recommendations for redress. (references) |
Kuwait | Overcrowding in the prisons continued to be a problem; however, the Government began construction on two new prison buildings, which are expected to be completed by May 2002, and finalized plans for three additional buildings scheduled to be built between February and December 2002. The Government addressed the past problem of a lack of specialized medical care at the Central Prison by establishing in May an on-site hospital staffed by two full-time practitioners and a complete nursing staff. (references) | |
Travel | Bolivia | It is available only by prescription in the U.S. Pregnant women and nursing mothers cannot take Diamox. (references) |
Women | Iran | A 1985 law enacted by the Government instituted 3 months of paid maternity leave, and 2 half-hour periods per day for nursing mothers to feed their babies. (references) |
South Africa | This last figure is high because of the disproportionate representation of women within the nursing and teaching professions, which are included in those categories. (references) | |
El Salvador | Training for women generally is confined to low-wage occupational areas where women already hold most positions, such as teaching, nursing, home industries, and small businesses. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Mongolia | Pregnant women and nursing mothers are prohibited by law from working overtime. (references) |
Bahrain | Women are entitled to 60 days of paid maternity leave and nursing periods during the day. (references) | |
Costa Rica | The Constitution and the Labor Code provide special occupational protection for minors and pregnant and nursing women, and establish a minimum working age of 15 years. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Dennis Miller | Sure, we pay lip service to cooperation and altruism, but in the real world, those values are ignored like crunchy peanut butter at a nursing home. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
John F. Kennedy | 1961-1963 | Moreover, all our miracles of medical research will count for little if we cannot reverse the growing nationwide shortage of doctors, dentists, and nurses, and the widespread shortages of nursing homes and modern urban hospital facilities. |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1963-1969 | We must build more libraries in every area and more hospitals and nursing homes under the Hill-Burton Act, and train more nurses to staff them. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Nursing" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 42.31% of the time. "Nursing" is used about 1,480 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 42.31% | 626 | 10,355 |
| Noun (singular) | 39.47% | 584 | 10,844 |
| Lexical Verb (-ing form) | 15.92% | 236 | 19,516 |
| Noun (proper) | 2.29% | 34 | 59,261 |
| Total | 100.00% | 1,480 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name |
| United Kingdom | Associated Nursing Services Plc. |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "nursing": associate in Nursing ♦ baby nursing ♦ bachelor of Arts in Nursing ♦ Clinical Nursing Research ♦ Community Health Nursing ♦ divisional nursing officer ♦ Emergency Nursing ♦ Family Nursing ♦ Geriatric Nursing ♦ Holistic Nursing ♦ Home Nursing ♦ Maternal-Child Nursing ♦ Military Nursing ♦ Neonatal Nursing ♦ Nursing Administration Research ♦ nursing aid ♦ nursing aide ♦ Nursing Assessment ♦ nursing assistant ♦ Nursing Audit ♦ nursing auxiliary ♦ nursing bottle ♦ nursing care ♦ Nursing Diagnosis ♦ Nursing Education Research ♦ Nursing Evaluation Research ♦ Nursing Faculty Practice ♦ nursing home ♦ Nursing Homes ♦ Nursing Methodology Research ♦ nursing mother ♦ nursing nipple ♦ nursing officer ♦ nursing orderly ♦ nursing position ♦ Nursing Process ♦ Nursing Records ♦ Nursing Research ♦ nursing school ♦ Nursing Services ♦ nursing sister ♦ nursing sow ♦ nursing staff ♦ Nursing Theory ♦ Obstetrical Nursing ♦ Occupational Health Nursing ♦ Office Nursing ♦ Oncologic Nursing ♦ Operating Room Nursing ♦ Orthopedic Nursing ♦ Pediatric Nursing ♦ Perioperative Nursing ♦ Postanesthesia Nursing ♦ Primary Nursing Care ♦ Psychiatric Nursing ♦ Public Health Nursing ♦ Rehabilitation Nursing ♦ School Nursing ♦ school of nursing ♦ sick nursing ♦ Skilled Nursing Facilities ♦ Transcultural Nursing. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "nursing": nursing-centre, nursing-home, nursing-homes, nursing-oriented, nursing-related. | |
Ending with "nursing": back-to-nursing, district-nursing, invalid-nursing, medical-nursing, night-nursing, non-nursing, out-nursing, pre-nursing, team-nursing, wet-nursing. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
nursing | 5,194 | agency nursing | 347 |
nursing school | 2,490 | florida board of nursing | 345 |
nursing home | 2,474 | nursing spectrum | 344 |
nursing job | 1,643 | nursing education | 340 |
nursing uniform | 1,484 | nursing home insurance | 336 |
nursing bra | 1,467 | georgia board of nursing | 310 |
travel nursing | 1,207 | california board of nursing | 304 |
nursing scholarship | 1,052 | nursing shortage | 280 |
nursing continuing education | 725 | maryland board of nursing | 269 |
nursing career | 654 | nursing salary | 252 |
nursing program | 573 | oklahoma board of nursing | 252 |
nursing scrubs | 496 | nursing clothes | 249 |
nursing journal | 472 | american journal of nursing | 248 |
nursing employment | 438 | texas board of nursing | 248 |
ohio board of nursing | 420 | nursing resume | 246 |
nursing ceu | 417 | forensic nursing | 246 |
nursing care plan | 403 | nursing college | 244 |
nursing shoes | 385 | agency indiana nursing | 227 |
board of nursing | 365 | nursing degree | 222 |
online nursing degree | 356 | minnesota board of nursing | 214 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "nursing"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | ushqyese, kujdes (care, carefulness, caution, cautiousness, chariness, circumspection, deliberation, diligence, guard, lo, look out, pains, regard, safeguard, take care, tendance, thought, treatment, trust, wariness). (various references) | |
Arabic | مهنة التمريض, تمريض, ترضيع, علم التمريض, التمريض, رعاية (auspices, care, charge, cultivation, custody, favor, favour, inspection, patronage, protection, sponsor, sponsorship, tutorship, ward). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | кърмещ, кърмене (breast feeding, feeding, suck). (various references) | |
Chinese | 护理 (Nursed). (various references) | |
Czech | ošetřovatelství. (various references) | |
Danish | påfyldning (back-filling, construction of an embankment, delivery, embankment, fill, fill embankment, filling, forming of an embankment, loading, supply), amning (breast feeding). (various references) | |
Dutch | borstvoeding (breast feeding), bevoorrading (arrival, arrivals, supply). (various references) | |
Finnish | sairaanhoito, hoito (administration, attendance, care, management, therapy, treatment). (various references) | |
French | nursing, soins infirmiers (nursing care, nursing services), sciences infirmières, ravitaillement, profession infirmière, allaitement. (various references) | |
German | Stillen (allay, assuage, breast feeding, breast-feed, check, ease, nurse, quench, relieve, sate, satiate, satisfy, slake, stanch, staunch, stay, still, stop, suckle, to assuage, to slake, to stanch). (various references) | |
Greek | περίθαλψη (attention, care, hospitalization, relief, succor, succour). (various references) | |
Hebrew | מקצוע האחות, הנקה (breast feeding, suckle, suckling), טפול (attendance, care, handling, maintenance, treatment), טפוח (attendance, breeding, care, cultivation, fostering), סעוד (assistance, support). (various references) | |
Hungarian | szoptatás (breast feeding, lactation, suck, suckling), gondozás (attendance, attention, care, maintenance, nurture, servicing). (various references) | |
Indonesian | perawatan (maintenance, treatment). (various references) | |
Italian | allattamento (assuage, feed, nurse, slake). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 擁護 (protection, protective care), 介抱 (looking after). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ほいく (lactation, nurturing, rearing, suckling), かいほう (breakwater, bulletin, circular, circulating letter, coast battery, convalescence, emancipation, evolution, extraction of roots, good news, idea borne in mind, liberalization, liberation, looking after, open, release, reply, report, solution, throw open), かいご (comprehension, enlightenment, remorse, repentance, safe custody, wisdom), かんびょう, かんご (Chinese word, custody and care, nurse, Sino-Japanese word), いくじ (backbone, childcare, guts, self-confidence, self-respect, upbringing), ようご (foreign speech, protection, protective care, term, terminology), じゅにゅう (suckling), とぎ (attendant, attending, entertainer, grinding, Metropolitan assemblyman, nurse, polish, sharpening). (various references) | |
Korean | 간호. (various references) | |
Manx | boandyrys (nurse), boandyragh. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ursingnay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | enfermagem, cuidado (accuracy, attention, care, caution, heed, keeping, labored, laboured, neatness, outlook, painstaking, punctuality, river-horse, solicitude, tendance, thought, vigilance, watch, watchout, worry), amamentadora, abastecimento (fill, provision, purveyance, refuelling, store, supplies, supply, victualling). (various references) | |
Romanian | pregãtire sanitarã medie, alãptare (lactation, suckling), îngrijire (accuracy, attendance, attention, care, caution, neatness, nurse, solicitude, supervision, treatment). (various references) | |
Russian | уход (attendance, departure, exit, leave, maintenance, outgo, recession, upkeep), кормящий грудью, нянчить кормление кормящий. (various references) | |
Scottish | eiridinn (attendance, cherish), àrach (rearing). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | nega bolesnika, nega (attendance, care, rearing), dojenje (breast feeding), bolničarski (paramedical), bolničarska služba. (various references) | |
Spanish | lactancia (lactation, suckling). (various references) | |
Swedish | amning (breast feeding, breastfeeding, breast-feeding). (various references) | |
Thai | การพยาบาล. (various references) | |
Turkish | hemşirelik (nursing care, sick nursing, sorority), hastabakıcılık (nursing care), emzirme (breast feeding, lactation, suckle), bakım (aspect, attendance, attention, care, custody, handling, keep, keeping, maintenance, nurse, nurseling, nursling, nurture, overhaul, point of view, regard, respect, upkeep, way), bakıcılık. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | годування груддю (breast feeding, lactation), догляд за хворим. (various references) | |
Vietnamese | nhà thương (infirmary, nursing home), nơi an dưỡng (nursing home), bệnh xá (infirmary, nursing home, policlinic). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Isaiah Chapter 49, Verse 23 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Kai esontai basileiV tiqhnoi sou ai de arcousai trofoi sou epi proswpon thV ghV proskunhsousin soi kai ton coun twn podwn sou leixousin kai gnwsh oti egw kurioV kai ouk aiscunqhsh |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Et erunt reges nutricii tui et reginae nutrices tuae vultu in terra dimisso adorabunt te et pulverem pedum tuorum lingent et scies quia ego Dominus super quo non confundentur qui expectant eum |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | And kingis shul be thi nursheres, and queenes thi nurses; the chere in to the erthe put doun thei shul honoure thee, and the pouder of thi feet thei shul licke; and thou shalt wite, for I a Lord, vp on whom shuln not be confounded, that abijden hym. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And kings shall be thy nursing fathers, and their queens thy nursing mothers: they shall bow down to thee with their face toward the earth, and lick up the dust of thy feet; and thou shalt know that I am the LORD: for they shall not be ashamed that wait for me. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And kings shall be thy nursing fathers, and their queens thy nursing mothers: they shall bow to thee with their face towards the earth, and lick up the dust of thy feet; and thou shalt know that I am the LORD: for they shall not be ashamed that wait for me. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | And kings will take care of you, and queens will give you their milk: they will go down on their faces before you, kissing the dust of your feet; and you will be certain that I am the Lord, and that those who put their hope in me will not be shamed. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Isaiah Chapter 49, Verse 23 |
| Cebuano | Ug ang mga hari mahimo nga imong mga maalimahong amahan, ug ang ilang mga reina nga imong mga iwaïduko nila kanimo ang ilang mga nawong hangtud sa yuta, ug tilapan ang abug sa imong mga tiil; ug ikaw masayud nga ako mao si Jehova; ug sila nga managhulat kanako dili pagapakaulawan. |
| Croatian | Kraljevi æe biti tvoji skrbnici, a kneginje im tvoje dojkinje. Klanjat æe ti se licem do zemlje i prah æe lizat s tvojih nogu. I znat æeš da sam ja Jahve: koji se u me uzdaju, neæe se posramiti." |
| Danish | Konger bliver Fosterfædre for dig, deres Dronninger skal være dine Ammer. De kaster sig på Ansigtet for dig, slikker dine Fødders Støv. Du skal kende, at jeg er HERREN; de, som bier på mig, bliver ikke til Skamme. |
| Dutch | En koningen zullen uw voedsterheren zijn, hun vorstinnen uw zoogvrouwen; zij zullen zich voor u buigen met het aangezicht ter aarde, en zij zullen het stof uwer voeten lekken; en gij zult weten, dat Ik de HEERE ben, dat zij niet beschaamd zullen worden die Mij verwachten. |
| Finnish | Kuninkaista tulee sinulle lastenhoitajat, heidän ruhtinattaristaan sinulle imettäjät. Sinun edessäsi he kumartuvat maahan kasvoillensa ja nuolevat tomun sinun jaloistasi. Silloin sinä tiedät, että minä olen Herra ja että ne, jotka minua odottavat, eivät häpeään joudu. |
| French | Des rois seront tes nourriciers, et leurs princesses tes nourrices; Ils se prosterneront devant toi la face contre terre, Et ils lécheront la poussière de tes pieds, Et tu sauras que je suis l`Éternel, Et que ceux qui espèrent en moi ne seront point confus. |
| German | Und Könige sollen deine Pfleger, und ihre Fürstinnen deine Säugammen sein; sie werden vor dir niederfallen zur Erde aufs Angesicht und deiner Füße Staub lecken. Da wirst du erfahren, daß ich der HERR bin, an welchem nicht zu Schanden werden, die auf mich harren. |
| Haitian Creole | Wa yo pral tankou papa pou nou. Pitit fi wa yo pral sèvi nou nouris. Y'ap ajenou devan nou, y'ap bese tèt yo jouk atè, Y'a niche pousyè ki nan pye nou. Lè sa a, n'a konnen se mwen menm ki Seyè a. Moun ki mete tout espwa yo nan mwen p'ap janm wont. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Raja-raja akan seperti bapak bagimu, dan ratu-ratu sebagai ibu. Mereka akan sujud menghormati engkau dan merendahkan diri terhadapmu. Maka engkau akan tahu bahwa Aku TUHAN; orang yang berharap pada-Ku tidak dikecewakan." |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Maka raja-raja akan menjadi bapa angkatmu dan permaisuripun akan inang pengasuhmu; di hadapanmu mereka itu akan tunduk dengan mukanya sampai ke bumi serta menjilat duli kakimu; maka diketahui olehmu bahwa Aku ini Tuhan dan barangsiapa yang harap pada-Ku itu tiada mendapat malu. |
| Italian | I re saranno i tuoi tutori, le loro principesse tue nutrici. Con la faccia a terra essi si prostreranno davanti a te, baceranno la polvere dei tuoi piedi; allora tu saprai che io sono il Signore e che non saranno delusi quanti sperano in me». |
| Maori | A hei matua atawhai mou nga kingi, ko a ratou kuini hoki hei kaiwhakangote mou: ka piko iho ratou ki a koe, tapapa rawa ki te whenua, ka mitimiti hoki i te puehu o ou waewae: a ka mohio koe ko Ihowa ahau; e kore hoki te hunga e tatari ana ki aha u e whakama. |
| Norwegian | Og konger skal være dine fosterfedre, og deres dronninger dine ammer; de skal kaste sig på sitt ansikt til jorden for dig, og dine føtters støv skal de slikke, og du skal kjenne at jeg er Herren, og at de som bier efter mig, ikke skal bli til skamme. |
| Rumanian | Te vor hrqni kmpqrayi, wi kmpqrqtesele lor te vor alqpta. Se vor knchina cu faya la pqmknt knaintea ta, wi vor linge yqrkna de pe picioarele tale, ca sq wtii cq Eu sknt Domnul, wi cq ceice nqdqjduiesc kn Mine nu vor fi dayi de ruwine.`` |
| Spanish | Reyes serán tus tutores, y sus princesas tus nodrizas. Con el rostro a tierra se postrarán ante ti y lamerán el polvo de tus pies. Así sabrás que yo soy Jehovah, y que los que esperan en mí no serán avergonzados." |
| Swedish | Och konungar skola vara dina barns vårdare och furstinnor deras ammor, de skola falla ned inför dig med ansiktet mot jorden och slicka dina fötters stoft. Och du skall förnimma, att jag är HERREN och att de som förbida mig icke komma på skam. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "nursing": nursings. (additional references) | |
| |
"Nursing" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: nonrising, Norasing, Nurina, nurseing. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "nursing" (pronounced ner"sing) |
| 4 | -er" s i ng | coercing, conversing, cursing, disbursing, dispersing, rehearsing, reimbursing, reversing, traversing. |
| 3 | -s i ng | annexing, announcing, accessing, acquiescing, addressing, advancing, affixing, amassing, assessing, balancing, basing, blessing, bouncing, boxing, bracing, busing, bussing, buttressing, bypassing, canvassing, caressing, casing, ceasing, chasing, classing, coalescing, coaxing, collapsing, commencing, compressing, condensing, conferencing, confessing, convincing, coursing, crisscrossing, crossing, cussing, dancing, debasing, decreasing, defacing, denouncing, depressing, diagnosing, digressing, discussing, dismissing, dispensing, displacing, distancing, distressing, divorcing, dosing, dousing, dowsing, dressing, eclipsing, effacing, embarrassing, embracing, encompassing, endorsing, enforcing, engrossing, enhancing, enticing, erasing, expensing, experiencing, expressing, facing, faxing, fencing, financing, fixing, flexing, focusing, forcing, freelancing, fundraising, fussing, gassing, glancing, greasing, grimacing, grossing, grousing, guessing, hairdressing, harassing, harnessing, hissing, horsing, icing, impressing, increasing, indexing, inducing, influencing, intermixing, introducing, invoicing, kissing, Lancing, lapsing, leasing, lensing, licensing, loosing, massing, menacing, mensing, messing, mincing, missing, mixing, noticing, obsessing, oppressing, outdistancing, outpacing, outsourcing, overproducing, pacing, parsing, passing, perplexing, piecing, piercing, placing, policing, possessing, pouncing, practicing, prancing, prejudicing, pressing, pricing, processing, producing, professing, progressing, promising, pronouncing, pulsing, racing, reassessing, rebalancing, recessing, redressing, reducing, referencing, refinancing, refocusing, reinforcing, reintroducing, rejoicing, relapsing, relaxing, releasing, reminiscing, renouncing, replacing, repressing, repricing, reprocessing, reproducing, repulsing, repurchasing, resurfacing, retracing, rinsing, romancing, sacrificing, seducing, sensing, sentencing, sequencing, servicing, showcasing, silencing, slicing, sluicing, sourcing, spacing, spicing, splicing, sprucing, stressing, subleasing, suppressing, surfacing, surpassing, taxing, teleconferencing, tossing, tracing, traipsing, trespassing, trouncing, unceasing, unconvincing, underpricing, unpromising, vexing, videoconferencing, voicing, waltzing, waxing, wincing, wissing, witnessing, xeroxing. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "g-i-n-n-r-s-u" | |
-1 letter: inurns, unrigs. | |
-2 letters: girns, grins, inurn, rings, ruing, ruins, rungs, suing, unrig, using. | |
-3 letters: gins, girn, gnus, grin, guns, inns, nuns, rigs, ring, rins, rugs, ruin, rung, runs, sign, sing, snug, sung, sunn, urns. | |
-4 letters: gin, gnu, gun, inn, ins, nun, nus, rig, rin, rug, run, sin, sir, sri, sun, uns, urn. | |
-5 letters: in, is. | |
| Words containing the letters "g-i-n-n-r-s-u" | |
+1 letter: burnings, ensuring, grunions, insuring, nursings, nursling, runnings, spurning, turnings, unstring. | |
+2 letters: censuring, churnings, gunneries, insurgent, mournings, nurslings, onrushing, strunting, suborning, sundering, surnaming, tonsuring, unhorsing, unsparing, unstrings. | |
+3 letters: burnishing, coinsuring, construing, encrusting, entrusting, furnishing, groundings, gunslinger, hungriness, incrusting, inpourings, insurgence, insurgency, insurgents, intrusting, nourishing, outsnoring, reinfusing, reinsuring, resounding, sanguinary, sauntering, scrounging, scrunching, scunnering, sojourning, sunburning, transuding, uncrossing, underlings, underwings, undressing, unscrewing, unsnarling, unsphering, unswearing, unswerving, untrussing, untrusting, urbanising. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Quotations: Familiar 10. Quotations: Historic 11. Quotations: Fiction 12. Quotations: Non-fiction | 13. Quotations: Spoken 14. Quotations: Speeches 15. Usage Frequency 16. Names: Company Usage | 17. Expressions 18. Expressions: Internet 19. Translations: Modern 20. Bible Trace | 21. Derivations 22. Rhymes 23. Anagrams 24. Bibliography |
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