Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

NEURONS

"NEURONS" is a plural of: neuron.

Date "NEURONS" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1985. (references)


Specialty Definition: NEURONS

DomainDefinition

Health

The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Crosswords: NEURONS

English words defined with "NEURONS": AdrianBaron Adriancerebral cortex, cerebral mantle, cortex, corticospinal tractEdgar Douglas Adrianganglion, glia, gray matter, gray substance, grey matter, grey substancelocomotor ataxiamedullated, myelinatednerve tissue, nervous tissue, neural, neural net, neural network, neuroglia, neuromuscular blocking agent, neuronal, neuronicpallium, peduncle, pyramidal motor system, pyramidal tractsubstantia alba, substantia grisea, synapsetabes dorsalisunmyelinatedwhite matter. (references)
Specialty definitions using "NEURONS": 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine5,6-Dihydroxytryptamine, 5,7-DihydroxytryptamineAccessory Nerve Diseases, Activated-Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule, Adaline, Amino Acid Neurotransmitters, Anterior Horn Cells, Antigens, Thy-1, artificial neural networkBetz cells, Betz's cells, Biogenic Amine Neurotransmitters, bullar functioningCalcium Channels, P-Type, Calcium Channels, Q-Type, Calcium Channels, R-Type, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuron-Glia, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Cholinergic Agents, Cochlear NerveDelta Sleep-Inducing Peptide, Dendrites, Dentate Gyrus, Dihydroxytryptamines, Dopamine AgentsEndocrine Cells of Gut, Epilepsy, Partial, Motor, Excitatory Amino Acid Agents, Excitatory Amino Acids, excitatory input, excitotoxicityfeed-forwardGanglia, Autonomic, Ganglia, Sensory, Ganglionic Blockers, Ganglionic Stimulants, Glia Maturation FactorHopfield network, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal SystemInterneuronsLewy Bodies, Lewy body, Lewy Body DiseaseMotor Neurons, Motor Neurons, Gamma, multilayer perceptronNerve Endings, Nerve Fibers, Nerve Fibers, Myelinated, Nerve Growth Factor, Nerve Transfer, Neurites, neurofibrillary degenerescence, Neurogenic Inflammation, Neurons, Afferent, Neurons, Efferent, Neuropeptide Y, Neuropeptides, Neurosecretory Systems, Neurotransmitters, Neurotrophin 3Olfactory Receptor NeuronsParasympathomimetics, perceptron, Posterior Horn Cells, Purkinje Cells, Pyramidal Cellsrab3A GTP-Binding Protein, Rabies Virus, Raphe Nuclei, Receptor, trkC, Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Receptors, Neurokinin-1, Receptors, Neurotransmitter, Receptors, Odorant, Receptors, Oxytocin, Receptors, Pituitary Hormone, Receptors, Pituitary Hormone-Regulating Hormone, Receptors, Sensory, Receptors, Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone, Retrograde DegenerationSerotonin Agents, shoemaker's paralysis, Spinal Nerve Roots, Substantia GelatinosaT. Kohonen, trigger zone, tyrosine hydroxylaseVestibular Nerve. (references)

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Commercial Usage: NEURONS

DomainTitle

Books

  • Biophysics of Computation: Information Processing in Single Neurons (Computational Neuroscience) (reference)

  • Connectionist Models of Neurons, Learning Processes, and Artificial Intelligence: 6th International Work-Conference on Artificial and Natural Neural) (reference)

  • Development of Dopaminergic Neurons (reference)

  • From Reading to Neurons (reference)

  • I of the Vortex : From Neurons to Self (reference)

    (more book examples)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Photo Album: NEURONS

ThumbnailDescription & CreditThumbnailDescription & Credit

Photomicrograph of brain tissue from a West Nile encephalitis patient, showing antigen-positive neurons and neuronal processes (in red). Credit: CDC.

Histology of normal anterior horn neurons of cervical spinal cord. Cresyl violet stain. Credit: CDC.

The poliovirus has an affinity for the anterior horn motor neurons of the cervical and lumbar regions of the spinal cord. Death of these cells causes muscle weakness of those muscles once innervated by the now dead neurons. Credit: CDC.

When the neurons themselves die Wallerian degeneration takes place resulting in muscle weakness of those muscles once innervated by the now dead neurons (denervated). The degree of paralysis is directly correlated to the number of deceased neurons. Credit: CDC.

When spinal neurons die, Wallerian degeneration takes place resulting in muscle weakness of those muscles once innervated by the now dead neurons (denervated). The degree of paralysis is directly correlated to the number of deceased neurons. Credit: CDC.

  

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

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Non-Fiction Usage: NEURONS

SubjectTopicQuote

Health

The third process is the repair of injured neurons. (references)

As the hippocampal neurons degenerate, short-term memory falters. (references)

Muscle cells need calcium to contract, neurons to transmit signals. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Usage Frequency: NEURONS

"NEURONS" is generally used as a noun (plural) -- approximately 99.67% of the time. "NEURONS" is used about 302 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Noun (plural)99.67%30116,714
Noun (proper)0.33%1339,140
                    Total100.00%302N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Expression: NEURONS

Expressions using "NEURONS": Motor Neurons Olfactory Receptor Neurons. Additional references.

Hypenated Usage

Ending with "NEURONS": x-neurons.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translation: NEURONS

Language Translations for "NEURONS"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Finnish

  

keinotekoinen neuraaliverkko (artificial neural network, network of artificial neurons), hopeavärjäys (staining neurons with silver salts), hermosolukato (shrinkage of neurons), hermosolujen erikoistuminen (differentiation of neurons, neuronal differentiation). (various references)

   

French

  

synchronisation neuronale du cortex visuel (correlated neurons in the visual cortex), réseau de neurones artificiels (artificial neural network, network of artificial neurons), différenciation neuronale (differentiation of neurons, neuronal differentiation), différenciation des neurones (differentiation of neurons, neuronal differentiation), destruction oxydative des neurones (oxidative damage in neurons), dégénérescence neuronale (degenerating neurons, shrinkage of neurons), dégénérescence des neurones (degenerating neurons), décharge neuronale (firing of neurons), décharge de neurones (firing of neurons), coloration des neurones par les sels d'argent (staining neurons with silver salts). (various references)

   

German

  

Neuron-Färbemethode mittels Silbersalzen (staining neurons with silver salts), Neuronen-Verschwindung (shrinkage of neurons), Neuronenverlust (shrinkage of neurons), Neuronen abfeuern (firing of neurons), Netzwerk aus künstlichen Neuronen (artificial neural network, network of artificial neurons), oxidative Schäden an Neuronen (oxidative damage in neurons), korrelierte Neuronenaktivitäten in der Sehrinde (correlated neurons in the visual cortex), Degeneration der Neuronen (degenerating neurons), Ausdifferenzierung von Nervenzellen (differentiation of neurons, neuronal differentiation). (various references)

   

Italian

  

scarica di neuroni (firing of neurons), scarica correlata tra neuroni nella corteccia visiva (correlated neurons in the visual cortex), rete artificiale di neuroni (artificial neural network, network of artificial neurons), perdita di neuroni (shrinkage of neurons), differenziamento neuronico (differentiation of neurons, neuronal differentiation), differenziamento dei neuroni (differentiation of neurons, neuronal differentiation), degenerazione dei neuroni (degenerating neurons), danno ossidativo nei neuroni (oxidative damage in neurons), colorazione dei neuroni con sali d'argento (staining neurons with silver salts). (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

euronsnay

   

Spanish

  

tinción de neuronas con sales de plata (staining neurons with silver salts), red de neuronas artificiales (artificial neural network, network of artificial neurons), diferenciación de neuronas (differentiation of neurons, neuronal differentiation), descarga de neuronas (firing of neurons), degeneración de las neuronas (degenerating neurons), decadencia neural (shrinkage of neurons), daño oxidativo en las neuronas (oxidative damage in neurons). (various references)

   

Swedish

  

neuronal differentiering (differentiation of neurons, neuronal differentiation), nervcells skrumpning (shrinkage of neurons), nätverk av konstgjorda neuron (artificial neural network, network of artificial neurons), korresponderande neuron i synbarken (correlated neurons in the visual cortex), färgning av neuron med silversalter (staining neurons with silver salts), differentiering av neuron (differentiation of neurons, neuronal differentiation). (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Derivations & Misspellings: NEURONS

Derivations

Words ending with "NEURONS": interneurons, motoneurons. (additional references)


Misspellings

"NEURONS" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: meuron, Narudon, Nauruans, necron, necros, negroni, nekron, nerines, neron, Nerone, n'eurent, neuro, neuroens, neurone, neurones, Niaruna, Niarunas, nuero, nueron, nureon, nuron. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "NEURONS"

# of Phoneme MatchesPronunciationWord(s) rhyming with "NEURONS" (pronounced nuh"rÄnz)
4-r Ä n zcitron, electrons, interferons, negatrons.
3-Ä n zchlorofluorocarbons, tampons, zircons.

Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

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Anagrams: NEURONS

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Direct Anagrams: nonuser.

Words within the letters "e-n-n-o-r-s-u"

-1 letter: neuron, nonuse, rouens.

-2 letters: euros, neons, nones, nouns, nurse, rouen, roues, rouse, runes, senor, snore.

-3 letters: eons, erns, eros, euro, neon, noes, none, nose, noun, nous, nuns, ones, onus, ores, ours, roes, rose, roue, rues, rune, runs, ruse, sone, sore, sorn, sour, suer, sunn, sure, urns, user.

-4 letters: ens, eon, ern, ers, nor, nos.

 Words containing the letters "e-n-n-o-r-s-u"
 

+1 letter: fenurons, neurones, neutrons, nonusers, reunions, unperson, unreason.

 

+2 letters: neuraxons, neutrinos, nocturnes, nonsecure, preunions, renounces, roundness, roundsmen, sundowner, turnstone, unpersons, unreasons, unsounder, unthrones.

 

+3 letters: announcers, centurions, continuers, denouncers, encounters, gangrenous, groundsmen, innumerous, nonferrous, nonhunters, noninsured, nonserious, pronounces, renouncers, resounding, reunionist, rotundness, shotgunner, sundowners, truncheons, turnstones, uncensored, unconcerns, undertones, unforeseen, ungenerous, unreasoned.

 

+4 letters: benzofurans, coinsurance, concurrents, confounders, congenerous, congruences, connoisseur, counterions, countersign, countersink, countersunk, enshrouding, enunciators, forerunners, interfusion, interunions, intravenous, mavourneens, mensuration, monseigneur, motoneurons, nervousness, neurotoxins, nitrogenous, nonconsumer, noncustomer, nondurables, nonrecourse, nonreusable, nonroutines, nourishment, numerations, onerousness, pronouncers, quaternions, rencounters, resummoning, reunionists, roadrunners, roundedness, roundnesses, ruinousness, scuppernong, shotgunners, supernation, tenpounders, tournaments, unabsorbent, undercounts, uniformness, unobservant, unreasoning, unsoldering.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

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Alternative Orthography: NEURONS


Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

4E 45 55 52 4F 4E 53

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)

=

Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)

Braille (1829, in France) (references)

Morse Code (1836) (references)

-.    .    ..-    .-.    ---    -.    ...

Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

01001110 01000101 01010101 01010010 01001111 01001110 01010011

HTML Code (1990) (references)

&#78 &#69 &#85 &#82 &#79 &#78 &#83

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

004E 0045 0055 0052 004F 004E 0053

British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

48395552494853

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INDEX

1. Definition
2. Crosswords
3. Usage: Commercial
4. Images: Photo Album
5. Quotations: Non-fiction
6. Usage Frequency
7. Expressions
8. Translations: Modern
9. Derivations
10. Rhymes
11. Anagrams
12. Orthography
13. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.