Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: NATO |
NATONoun1. An international organization created in 1949 by the North Atlantic Treaty for purposes of collective security. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "NATO" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1588. (references) |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is an international organization for defence collaboration established in 1949, in support of the North Atlantic Treaty signed in Washington, D.C on April 4, 1949. Its other official name is the French language equivalent, l'Organisation du Traité de l'Atlantique Nord, or OTAN.The core provision of the treaty is Article V, which states:
This provision was intended so that if the Soviet Union launched an attack against the European allies of the United States, it would be treated as if it was an attack on the United States itself. However the feared Soviet invasion of Europe never came. Instead, the provision was used for the first time in the treaty's history on September 12, 2001 in response to the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attack.
- The Parties agree that an armed attack against one or more of them in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack against them all and consequently they agree that, if such an armed attack occurs, each of them, in exercise of the right of individual or collective self-defence recognised by Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations, will assist the Party or Parties so attacked by taking forthwith, individually and in concert with the other Parties, such action as it deems necessary, including the use of armed force, to restore and maintain the security of the North Atlantic area.
Member States
From the foundation in 1949 or with the year of accession.
Greece and Turkey joined the organization in February 1952. Germany joined as West Germany in 1955 and German unification in 1990 extended the membership to the areas of former East Germany. Spain was admitted on May 30, 1982 and the former Warsaw Pact Countries of Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic made history by becoming members on March 12, 1999.
- Belgium
- Canada
- Czech Republic (1999)
- Denmark
- France
- Germany (1955)
- Greece (1952)
- Hungary (1999)
- Iceland
- Italy
- Luxembourg
- Netherlands
- Norway
- Poland (1999)
- Portugal
- Spain (1982)
- Turkey (1952)
- United Kingdom
- United States
France is still a member of NATO but retired from the military command in 1966. Iceland, the sole member of NATO which does not have its own military force, joined on the condition that they would not be forced to participate in warfare.
History
March 17, 1948: Benelux, France, and the United Kingdom signed the Treaty of Brussels which is a precursor to the NATO Agreement.
April 4, 1949: NATO treaty signed in Washington, DC.
May 14, 1955: Warsaw Pact treaty signed in Warsaw by the Soviet Union and its satellite states in order to counterbalance NATO. Both organisations were opposing sides in the Cold War. After the fall of the Iron Curtain in 1989, the Warsaw Pact disintegrated.
1966: Charles de Gaulle decides to remove France from NATO's military command to pursue its own nuclear defence program. This precipitates the relocation of the NATO Headquarters from Paris, France to Brussels, Belgium by October 16, 1967. While the political headquarters is located in Brussels the military headquarters, the Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE), are located just south of Brussles, in the town of Mons.
March 31, 1991: The Warsaw Pact comes to an end. It is officially disolved on July 1.
March 24, 1999: NATO saw its first military engagement in the Kosovo War, where it waged an 11-week bombing campaign against Serbia and Montenegro that and ending on June 11, 1999.
July 8, 1997: Three former communist countries, Hungary, the Czech Republic and Poland are invited to joined NATO. They join in 1999.
November 21, 2002: During the Prague (Czech Republic) summit seven countries are invited to start talks in order to join the Alliance: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Bulgaria and Romania. The invited countries are expected to join NATO in 2004. Albania and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia will probably be told they have not met the economic, political and military reform criteria and will have to wait. Croatia applied only in 2002 and has just started the process.
September 13, 2001: NATO invoked, for the first time in its history, an article in its charter that states that any attack on a member state is considered an attack against the entire alliance. This came in response to the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attack.
February 10, 2003: NATO faced a serious crisis because of France and Belgium breaking the procedure of silent approval concerning the timing of protective measures for Turkey in case of a possible war with Iraq. Germany did not use its right to break the procedure but said it supported the veto.
April 16, 2003: NATO agreed to take command in August of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) in Afghanistan. The decision came at the request of Germany and the Netherlands, the two nations leading ISAF at the time of the agreement. It was approved unanimously by all 19 NATO ambassadors. The handover of control to NATO took place on August 11, and marked first time in NATO's history that it took charge of a mission outside the north Atlantic area. Canada had originally been slated to take over ISAF by itself on that date.
Secretaries General of NATO
- Hastings Lionel Ismay, 1st Lord Ismay (United Kingdom): 4 April 1952- 16 May 1957
- Paul-Henri Spaak (Belgium): 16 May 1957 - 21 April 1961
- Dirk Stikker (Netherlands): 21 April 1961 - 1 August 1964
- Manlio Brosio (Italy): 1 August 1964 - 1 October 1971
- Joseph Luns (Netherlands): 1 October 1971 - 25 June 1984
- Peter Carington, 6th Lord Carrington (United Kingdom): 25 June 1984 - 1 July 1988
- Manfred Wörner (Germany): 1 July 1988- 13 August 1994
- Sergio Balanzino (Italy, acting): 13 August - 17 October 1994
- Willy Claes (Belgium): 17 October 1994 - 20 October 1995
- Sergio Balanzino (Italy, acting): 20 October - 5 December 1995
- Javier Solana (Spain): 5 December 1995 - 6 October 1999
- George Robertson, Lord Robertson of Port Ellen: 14 October 1999 - present (term ends 1 January 2004)
- Jaap de Hoop Scheffer (Netherlands): Secretary General elect. Term starts on 1 January 2004.
Supreme Allied Commanders Europe (all from U.S.)
See also: Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council, OSCE, Partnership for Peace, WEU, UN
- Dwight D. Eisenhower: 2 April 1951 - 30 May 1952
- Matthew Ridgway: 30 May 1952 - 11 July 1953
- Alfred Gruenther: 1 July 1953 - 20 November 1956
- Lauris Norstad: 20 November 1956 - 1 January 1963
- Lyman Lemnitzer: 1 January 1963 - 1 July 1969
- Andrew Goodpaster: 1 July 1969 - 15 December 1974
- Alexander Haig: 15 December 1974 - 1 July 1979
- Bernard Rogers: 1 July 1979 - 26 June 1987
- John Galvin: 26 June 1987 - 23 June 1992
- John Shalikashvili: 23 June 1992 - 22 October 1993
- George Joulwan: 22 October 1993 - 11 July 1997
- Wesley Clark: 11 July 1997 - 3 May 2000
- Joseph Ralston: 3 May 2000 - 17 January 2003
- James L. Jones: 17 January 2003 - present
External links
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "NATO."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
NATO | English | North Atlantic Treaty Organization | Telecom |
| NADECOL,Nadecol | English | NATO Defense College | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonym: NATOSynonym: North Atlantic Treaty Organization. (additional references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Movie/TV Titles | Nato per uccidere (1967) Wings for NATO (1951) O Kotsos exo apo to NATO (1981) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
References | |
Books | |
Periodicals |
|
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | F-117s arrive at Aviano to support possible NATO operations. |  | B-2 Spirit supports NATO operations. |
 | NATO E-3 (AWACS). |  | F-16 supporting NATO operations. |
 | NATO aircraft launch for Determined Falcon mission. |  | An F-16 Fighting Falcon from the 555th Fighter Squadron takes off on an air strike mission against targets in the Balkans March 24. The squadron is assigned to the 31st Air Expeditionary Wing here. While more than 130 NATO aircraft from five nations are a. |
 | Night flightline operations support NATO mission. |  | NATO training exercise and joined airmen from the 23rd Fighter Squadron. |
 | Questo viaggio te lo regala la NATO. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Made in NATO. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |
| "Attention"NO GUNS"" by Karoly Feher Commentary: "At the NATO bases there are several pubs too for every nation. You can drink after 18.00. But you may not carry your weapon to the area, to exclude drunken soldiers shooting to each other down because of -for example- nacionalist arguments." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | Most NATO tender notifications are channeled through the various embassies. (references) | |
With its entry into NATO, Poland's enemies of forty years are now its allies. (references) | ||
Information on these procedures is available from NATO headquarters in Belgium. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Hungary | The increase in asylum caseload resulting from a change in the law in 1998 and from events in Kosovo and the resulting NATO action in 1999 placed a tremendous strain on the OIN's resources, leading to a large number of pending cases and an increased processing time per application. (references) |
Economic History | Italy | Italy hosts the NATO War College in Rome. (references) |
Turkey | Two NATO headquarters are located in Izmir. (references) | |
Political Economy | Moldova | The U.S. Embassy also serves as the Contact Point Embassy for NATO in Moldova. (references) |
Finland | Public debate about possible Finnish membership in NATO, which began in 1996, continues. (references) | |
Lithuania | Lithuania has made notable progress towards WTO and EU membership and hopes to join NATO in the future. (references) | |
Trade | Portugal | In transit merchandise can be entered without guarantee by residents of the EU who make regular entries in transit or under carnet TIR, carnet ATA or a NATO 302 form. (references) |
Travel | Russia | Anti-American demonstrations during the 1999 NATO bombing campaign in Yugoslavia briefly affected Embassy services. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
John F. Kennedy | 1961-1963 | Every member of NATO stands with us in a common commitment to preserve this symbol of free man's will to remain free. |
Gerald Ford | 1974-1977 | Because the security of Europe and the integrity of NATO remain the cornerstone of American defense policy, I have initiated a special, long-term program to ensure the capacity of the Alliance to deter or defeat aggression in Europe. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | Our doctrinal evolution has been undertaken with appropriate consultation with our NATO Allies and others. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | Today on the NATO line, our military forces face east to prevent a possible invasion. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | An expanded NATO is good for America. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "NATO" is generally used as a noun (proper) -- approximately 79.13% of the time. "NATO" is used about 1,431 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (proper) | 79.13% | 1,133 | 6,747 |
| Noun (singular) | 15.42% | 221 | 20,297 |
| Noun (common) | 5.44% | 78 | 37,656 |
| Total | 100.00% | 1,431 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "NATO": forces allocated to nato ♦ international civilian personnel with nato status ♦ local wage nato civilian employee ♦ major nato commander ♦ Major NATO Commanders ♦ national forces for the defense of the nato area ♦ nato airspace ♦ nato assigned forces ♦ nato cartridge ♦ nato code number ♦ nato command forces ♦ nato commander ♦ NATO Committee for Standardisation ♦ nato defense college ♦ nato earmarked forces ♦ NATO Extraction Force ♦ nato forces ♦ nato intelligence subject code ♦ nato international civilian post ♦ nato military authority ♦ nato preparation time ♦ nato standardization agreement ♦ nato warning time ♦ other forces for nato ♦ reimbursable nato military personnel ♦ standard nato data message ♦ supernumerary nato civilian personnel. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "NATO": nato-backed, Nato-europe, Nato-warsaw, NATO-wide, nato-wide exercise. | |
Ending with "NATO": anti-nato, Ec-nato, ex-nato, Greek-nato, Non-nato. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
nato | 1,332 | nato symbol | 7 |
nato number stock | 95 | job nato | 7 |
history nato | 41 | nato shape | 7 |
alphabet nato phonetic | 21 | nato expansion | 7 |
member nato | 21 | kosovo nato | 6 |
ladder nato | 20 | ammunition nato | 6 |
nato country | 16 | map nato | 5 |
nato medal | 13 | nato referat | 5 |
headquarters nato | 11 | information nato | 5 |
nato flag | 10 | 5.56 ammunition nato | 5 |
nato wood | 10 | nato kosovo medal | 5 |
formation nato | 10 | nato pflichten rechte | 5 |
nato stanag | 9 | belgium nato | 4 |
nato pact warsaw | 9 | nato school | 4 |
7.62 nato | 8 | rainbow six nato mod | 4 |
canada and nato | 8 | nato numbers stock | 4 |
force kosovo nato | 8 | home nato page | 4 |
5.56 nato | 8 | hq nato | 4 |
nato picture | 8 | nato rainbow six | 4 |
alphabet nato | 7 | beograd bombing nato | 4 |
nato awacs | 4 | ||
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "NATO"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Chinese | 北约, 北約 . (various references) | |
Czech | Nato (after that, thereafter, thereupon, with that). (various references) | |
Danish | NATO varseltid (NATO warning time), NATO militær myndighed (NATO military authority), NATO luftrum (NATO airspace), NATO kodenummer (NATO code number), NATO forberedelsestid (NATO preparation time), NATO chef (NATO commander), styrker under NATO kommando (NATO command forces), styrker som er tildelt NATO (NATO assigned forces), styrker som er øremærkede til NATO (NATO earmarked forces), overordnede NATO chefer (Major NATO Commanders), Major NATO Commanders (Major NATO Commanders), andre styrker til NATO (other forces for NATO), øvelse som omfatter hele NATO området (NATO-wide exercise). (various references) | |
Dutch | NAVO-Oekraïne-Commissie (NATO-Ukraine Commission), NAVO-evacuatiemacht (NATO Extraction Force), NAVO-comité Standaardisatie (NATO Committee for Standardisation), NAVO Defensiecollege (NATO Defense College), Overeenkomst tussen het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden en de Bondsrepubliek Duitsland ter aanvulling van de op 21 september 1960 te Parijs ondertekende NAVO-Overeenkomst inzake de wederzijdse geheimhouding van uitvindingen die voor de verdediging van belang z (Agreement between the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Federal Republic of Germany supplementing the NATO Agreement for the mutual safeguarding of secrecy of inventions relating to defence and for which applications for patents have been made, including Regulations concerning matters of procedure, signed at Paris on 21 September 1960, The Hague), Opleidingsdetachement Fort Rucker (Euro Nato Training Fort Rucker). (various references) | |
French | NCS (NATO Committee for Standardisation), numéro de code OTAN (NATO code number), espace aérien OTAN (NATO airspace), autres forces pour l'OTAN (other forces for NATO), code otan fabricant (nato code), Collège de défense de l'OTAN (NATO Defense College), Comité OTAN de normalisation (NATO Committee for Standardisation), commandant OTAN (NATO commander), Commission OTAN-Ukraine (NATO-Ukraine Commission), COU (NATO-Ukraine Commission), autorité militaire de l'OTAN (NATO military authority), exercice OTAN de grande envergure (NATO-wide exercise), Force d'Extraction de l'OTAN (NATO Extraction Force), forces affectées à l'OTAN (NATO assigned forces), forces réservées pour affectation à l'OTAN (NATO earmarked forces), forces sous commandement OTAN (NATO command forces), hauts commandants militaires de l'OTAN (Major NATO Commanders). (various references) | |
German | Nato. (various references) | |
Hungarian | Észak-atlanti Szövetség Szervezete. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 北大西洋条約機構 (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), ナイル鰐 (being interested only in the here and now without any regard for the future, knapsack, knuckle, knuckle ball, knuckle four, knuckle part, NASA, NASA fashion, NASDAQ, NASTAR ski, national, national ad, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, national atlas, national bank, national brand, National Center of Trade Unions, national chain, national character, national consensus, national convention, national costume, national game, national holiday, national identity, national interest, National League, national minimum, national park, national prestige, national product, national project, national security, National Standard Race ski, National Trust, nationalism, nationalist, nationality, nationalization, Nationalsozialist, Natrium lamp, natural, natural cheese, natural color, natural foods, natural grip, natural science, natural selection, natural turn, natural wave, naturalism, naturalist, naturalistic, naturalization, naturalize, Nazi, Nazism, Nile crocodile, nine, no, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, nothing, now, now-now-ism, nugget, nut, nuts, nylon, sodium, trendy, up-to-date). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ナトー (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), きたたいせいようじょうやくきこう (North Atlantic Treaty Organization). (various references) | |
Korean | 북대서양 조약기구. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | atonay.(various references) | |
Russian | нато. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | nato (afterwards, late, thereunto), severnoatlantski pakt. (various references) | |
Spanish | Otan, Organización Del Tratado Del Atlántico Norte. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Genesis Chapter 38, Verse 5 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Kai prosqeisa eti eteken uion kai ekalesen to onoma autou shlwm auth de hn en casbi hnika eteken autouV |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Tertium quoque peperit quem appellavit Sela quo nato parere ultra cessavit |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | And she conceaued the thyrde tyme and bare a sonne whom she called Scla: and he was at Chesyb when she bare hem. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And she yet again conceived, and bare a son; and called his name Shelah: and he was at Chezib, when she bare him. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And she yet again conceived, and bore a son; and called his name Shelah: and he was at Chezib, when she bore him. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Then she had another son, to whom she gave the name Shelah; she was at Chezib when the birth took place. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Genesis Chapter 38, Verse 5 |
| Cebuano | Ug miusab sa pagpanganak siya ug usa ka anak nga lalake, ug gihinganlan ang iyang ngalan si Sela. Ug didto si Juda si Chesib sa iyang pag-anak. |
| Chinese | 他 復 又 生 了 兒 子 、 給 他 起 名 叫 示 拉 ． 他 生 示 拉 的 時 候 、 猶 大 正 在 基 悉 。 |
| Croatian | Još jednog sina rodi te mu nadjene ime Šela. Nalazila se u Kezibu kad je njega rodila. |
| Danish | og hun fødte endnu en Søn, som hun gav Navnet Sjela; da hun fødte ham, var hun i, Kezib. |
| Dutch | En zij voer nog voort, en baarde een zoon, en noemde zijn naam Sela; doch hij was te Chezib, toen zij hem baarde. |
| Finnish | Ja hän synnytti vieläkin pojan ja antoi hänelle nimen Seela; ja synnyttäessään hänet hän oli Kesibissä. |
| French | Elle enfanta de nouveau un fils, qu`elle appela Schéla; Juda était à Czib quand elle l`enfanta. |
| German | Sie gebar abermals einen Sohn, den hieß sie Sela; und er war zu Chesib, da sie ihn gebar. |
| Hungarian | Még egyszer szûle fiat, és nevezé nevét Sélának, és mikor azt szûlé, Khezibben vala. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Anak ketiga pun laki-laki, dan dinamakannya Syela. Waktu Syela lahir Yehuda sedang ada di Kezib. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Dan lagi mengandunglah ia pula, lalu beranaklah laki-laki seorang, yang dinamainya Syela. Maka adalah Yehuda di negeri Khezib pada masa diperanakkannya dia. |
| Maori | A ka hapu ano ia, a ka whanau he tama; a huaina iho tona ingoa ko Heraha: i Ketipi hoki te tane i tona whanautanga. |
| Norwegian | Siden fødte hun ennu en sønn og kalte ham Sela; da han blev født, var Juda i Kesib. |
| Portuguese | Teve ainda mais um filho, e chamou-lhe Selá. Estava Judá em Quezibe, quando ela o teve. |
| Rumanian | A mai nqscut iarqw un fiu, cqruia i -a pus numele Wela; Iuda era la Czib, cknd a nqscut ea. |
| Swedish | Och hon födde ännu en son, och åt denne gav hon namnet Sela; och när han föddes, var Juda i Kesib. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words ending with "NATO": ostinato. (additional references) | |
Words containing "NATO": abominator, abominators, alienator, alienators, alternator, alternators, anatomic, anatomical, anatomically, anatomies, anatomise, anatomised, anatomises, anatomising, anatomist, anatomists, anatomize, anatomized, anatomizes, anatomizing, anatomy, anatoxin, anatoxins, assassinator, assassinators, buccinator, buccinators, chlorinator, chlorinators, combinatorial, combinatorially, combinatorics, combinatory, comminatory, condemnatory, contaminator, contaminators, coordinator, coordinators, cosignatories, cosignatory, damnatory, decontaminator, decontaminators, denominator, denominators, desalinator, desalinators, designator, designators, designatory. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: nota. | |
| Words within the letters "a-n-o-t" | |
-1 letter: ant, not, oat, tan, tao, ton. | |
-2 letters: an, at, na, no, on, ta, to. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-n-o-t" | |
+1 letter: atone, atony, baton, canto, cotan, notal, oaten, octan, panto, santo, talon, tango, tanto, taxon, tolan, toman, tonal, tonga, trona. | |
+2 letters: action, amount, anatto, anoint, aroint, aroynt, astony, atonal, atoned, atoner, atones, atonic, attorn, batons, bonita, botany, cannot, canton, cantor, cantos, carton, cation, contra, cotans, craton, dalton, donate, dopant, etalon, fantod, fantom, fontal, gitano, kation, latino, manito, matron, nation, natron, nonart, nonfat, nontax, notary, notate, nougat, obtain, octane, octans, octant, omenta, ornate, outman, outran, pantos, parton, patron, potman, ration, ratoon, ratton, santol, santos, sonant, sonata, talion, talons, tampon, tangos, tarpon, taxons, teopan, tolane, tolans, tomans, tongas, toucan, tronas, volant, wanton, zonate. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Images: Digital Art 8. Quotations: Non-fiction | 9. Quotations: Speeches 10. Usage Frequency 11. Expressions 12. Expressions: Internet | 13. Translations: Modern 14. Bible Trace 15. Abbreviations 16. Acronyms | 17. Derivations 18. Anagrams 19. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
