Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Mumps |
MumpsNoun1. An acute contagious viral disease characterized by fever and by swelling of the parotid glands. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "mumps" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1841. (references) |
Etymology: Mumps \Mumps\, noun. [Prov. English mump to be sulky. Compare to Mump, Mumble, and Mum.]. (Websters 1913) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | MUMPS (Or "M") Massachusetts General Hospital Utility Multi-Programming System. A programming language with extensive tools for the support of database management systems. MUMPS was originally used for medical records and is now widely used where multiple users access the same databases simultaneously, e.g. banks, stock exchanges, travel agencies, hospitals. Early MUMPS implementations for PDP-11 and IBM PC were complete operating systems, as well as programming languages, but current-day implementations usually run under a normal host operating system. A MUMPS program hardly ever explicitly performs low-level operations such as opening a file - there are programming constructs in the language that will do so implicitly, and most MUMPS programmers are not even aware of the operating system activity that MUMPS performs. Syntactically MUMPS has only one data-type: strings. Semantically, the language has many data-types: Text strings, binary strings, floating point values, integer values, Boolean values. Interpretation of strings is done inside functions, or implicitly while applying mathematical operators. Since many operations involve only moving data from one location to another, it is faster to just move uninterpreted strings. Of course, when a value is used multiple times in the context of arithmetical operations, optimised implementations will typically save the numerical value of the string. MUMPS was designed for portability. Currently, it is possible to share the same MUMPS database between radically different architectures, because all values are stored as text strings. The worst an implementation may have to do is swap pairs of bytes. Such multi-CPU databases are actually in use, some offices share databases between VAX, DEC Alpha, SUN, IBM PC and HP workstations. Versions of MUMPS are available on practically all hardware, from the smallest (IBM PC, Apple Macintosh, Acorn Archimedes), to the largest mainframe. MSM ( Micronetics Standard MUMPS) runs on IBM PC RT and R6000; DSM (Digital Standard Mumps) on the PDP-11, VAX, DEC Alpha, and Windows-NT; Datatree MUMPS from InterSystems runs on IBM PC; and MGlobal MUMPS on the Macintosh. Multi-platform versions include M/SQL, available from InterSystems, PFCS |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
M contrasts strongly with most database systems, because the system is much "lower level". For instance, whereas most database systems will include a command to find all the records matching a particular patterm, on an M system you would have to write a program to do this search and collect up the results. As you might imagine, this makes even trivial tasks much more difficult, and has led to a number of M-based programs to act as a database management system and provide these features.
For people used to traditional database applications or database management systems, M can be a bit difficult to understand at first. However it's overwhelming speed and flexibility in dealing with many tasks that would cause problems under the relational database model leads many to claim that M is the best kept secret in the IT industry. Much of this secret seems self-imposed however, finding good introductory information on M is difficult, and the commercial side of the M market is fractured.
MUMPS started life as the Massachusetts General Hospital Utility Multi-Programming System, developed in Octo Barnett's animal lab at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston in 1966 & 67. Based on the then-common hierarchical database model, MUMPS added an interpreted language to standardize interacting with the data. The MUMPS team deliberately chose to write the new language with portability in mind. Another feature not widely supported in operating systems of the era was multitasking, which was also built into MUMPS itself.
The original MUMPS system was built on a spare DEC PDP-7, but it was soon ported to a PDP-15 where it lived for some time. Developed on a government grant, MUMPS was required to be released in the public domain (no longer a requirement for grants), and was soon ported to a number of other systems including the popular PDP-8 and Data General Nova minicomputers. Word of MUMPS spread mostly through the medical community, and by the early 1970s was in widespread use, often being locally modified for their own needs.
In 1972 various MUMPS users gathered in order to standardized the now fractured language, creating the MUMPS Users Group and MUMPS Development Committee. These efforts proved successful; a standard was complete by 1974, and by 1977 they had turned it into an ANSI standard. The group was later responsible for the change of the naming from MUMPS to M in 1990, after repeatedly seeing people reject the product out of hand due to its name. Over a decade later most people still refer to the product as MUMPS however.
The Veteran's Administration (today known as the United States Department of Veterans Affairs) officially adopted MUMPS as the programming language to be used to implement an integrated laboratory, pharmacy, and a patient admission, tracking and discharge system in the early 1980s. The original version, the Decentralized Hospital Computer Program (DHCP) was delivered early and under budget. DHCP has been continuously extended in the years since, and is available at no cost in source code. In order to implement DHCP the VA also wrote an intermediate layer known as FileMan in MUMPS to act as a database management system.
Today, DHCP is known as Veterans Health Information Systems and Technology Architecture (VistA). The www.hardhats.org website is the center for the international community of VistA developers and users.
Nearly the entire VA hospital system in the United States, the Indian Health Service, and major parts of the Department of Defense hospital system (Consolidated Hospital Computer System (CHCS), different than the VA's for historical reasons) all still run the system for clinical data tracking.
M also gained a following in the financial sector, in this case due to its much higher performance compared to traditional SQL based systems. Given similar hardware, multidimentional databases like M are typically about six times faster than SQL for transaction processing, making them ideal for online systems like banking. They also range from as-good to hundreds of times faster on queries, with more complex queries always favoring the multidimentional approach. They are also particularily good at looking up related information in other data stores "for free", a task that requires an expensive JOIN operation in SQL systems.
DEC became interested in the widespread use of MUMPS and decided to create their own standardized version in the 1980s, known as DSM (DEC Standard MUMPS). It quickly became the de-facto standard on DEC machines, and was later ported to their DEC Alpha-based systems running both VMS and Unix. In 1990 DSM was purchased by InterSystems, who released it on a number of platforms as OpenM (although nothing about it was "open") and/or ISM (InterSystems M). Through the 1990s InterSystems started buying up other MUMPS vendors, including the other "standard" from the IBM mainframe world, MSM (Micronetics Standard MUMPS). Since then InterSystems has increasingly distanced itself from its M history, referring to its product as Caché and removing any mention of M from their literature.
General use of M appears to be slowly disappearing. This appears to be a result of the industry's failure to provide a clear and compelling message comparing M with traditional SQL systems. There appears to be no M for SQL Programmers type introductory information available on the Internet, and the small number of books on M are difficult to find. To be truely usable, M systems require a "higher level" layer to act as a database manager, and while M is now well standardized, there is no such standard for these higher levels, adding to the confusion.
A recent release of the industrial-quality GT.M under the GPL may help address this to some degree, by providing a single, free, target for the M community. Several database management layers are available for GT.M, and with a little effort a single suggested platform could evolve.
M is typically an interpreted language, and shares basic syntax with common 1960s data processing languages, most notable those such as COBOL. Commands are listed one to a line with whitespace being important, and grouped into procedures (subroutines) in a fashion similar to most structured programming systems. Procedures are simply strings, so they can be easily stored in the underlying datastore, meaning that there is no need for "stored procedures" as there is in SQL – anything can be stored.
A typical M procedure consists of several "blocks", each block separated by a lable (known as a tag in M-speak) in the first column. Calling into the procedure with no tag results in the entire procedure being run, whereas calling with a tag skips to that point. This allows programmers to place interactive commands at the top of the procedure and then tag the actual start of the code itself, allowing the procedure to be used both interactively and as a function to be called from other code (see the GRASS article for similar examples).
One main difference between M and most other languages is that M has only a single data type, the string, which it invisibly converts into common data types such as numbers or dates. As you might expect, M includes a complete and powerful set of string manipulation commands, grouped into libraries. Automated conversion of this sort is common to many scripting languages, but is generally considered a bad thing for most languages because it can all too easily lead to mistakes that are diffcult to debug. In the case of M this would be hard to avoid however, as the underlying datastore would grow in complexity if it had to deal with different types.
The key to the M system is that all variables are automatically multi-dimensional. For instance, this command:
creates the variable A and sets its value to the string. The same variable can then be used to hold additional information:
Will place the string def into "slot" (1,2). Slots can also be designated with strings:
making the variables useful data stores on their own. Note that this example also demonstrates another feature of M, that assignments into variables do not erase other information already there. This makes it easy to "build up" a complex variable, using several assignments.
M variables work in a similar fashion as with other programming languages, in that when the program exits, the value will be lost. M comes onto its own with its concept of globals, variables which are automatically and invisibly stored to the datastore. Globals appear as normal variables with the caret character in front of the name. Modifying the earlier example thus:
will result in a new record being created and inserted in the datastore.
One difference between M and the traditional SQL model of a database is the "level" of the commands in the language. M is a general purpose language with a datastore, whereas SQL is a language dedicated to database functions. This might sound like a minor distinction, but it is rather important to understand it. For instance, SQL includes a search function:
returns a list of matching records. M has no equivalent "high level" command like SELECT, instead the programmer must construct a small routine in order to collect up the matching records returned from its lower-level functions. It should also be noted that M does not include any transaction controls, all changes to globals happen instantly, and there is no logging in the basic system. Nor does M include any sort of user-based security.
For all of these reasons one of the most common M programs is a database management system, providing all of the classic ACID properties on top of a generic M implementation. FileMan is one such example. In the 1990s many of these layers were adapted to supporting SQL, turning most M systems into SQL systems. Although the user might be "fooled" (to some degree) into seeing the system as a SQL database, the system nevertheless retains the speed advantages of the M datastore (see below).
A side effect of the way M evolved is that the M system includes fairly complete support for multi-tasking, multi-user, multi-machine programming. The former two features are now commonplace on most operating systems, but the later is still not cleanly supported by most systems. To demonstrate the ease of multi-machine support, consider:
which sets up A as before, but this time on the remote machine called "DENVER". M programs are thus trivial to distribute over many machines, a feature that is still difficult on most SQL systems. This support also made it easy to expose the same sorts of distribution in the SQL (and other) layers with ease, and it's not uncommon for M systems to be a better distributed SQL solution than a "real" SQL system.
Another use of M in more recent times has been to create object databases. By "flattening" objects into a string representation, like XML, M systems can be used to store objects. An M program then converts back and forth between the "real" objects and the string representations under it, and is able to do so much faster than similar object-relational mapping systems running over relational databases. This should be expected, if M can be used to make a SQL that's faster than SQL, making an object database that does't require conversion to and from SQL in the middle is bound to be even faster.
In the relational model, datastores consist of a number of tables, each one holding records for some particular object (or "entity"). For instance, an address book application would typically contain tables for PEOPLE, ADDRESSES and PHONE_NUMBERS. The tables consist of a number of fixed-width columns holding one basic piece of data (like "first_name"), and each record is a row.
In this example any row in ADDRESSES is "for" a particular row in PEOPLE. SQL does not understand the concept of "ownership" however, and requires the user to collect this information back up. SQL supports this through procedure, using the concept of a foreign key; copying some unique bit of data found in the PEOPLE table into the ADDRESS table.
To re-create a single "real" record for the address book, the user must instruct the database to collect up the row in PEOPLE they are interested in, extract the key, and then search the ADDRESSES and PHONE_NUMBERS tables for all the rows containing this key. SQL offers a simple way to do this however:
In this example the WHERE looks for all the a's and n's (addresses and phone numbers) that have the person's ID tag stored inside them, but only for p's named Bob.
This trivial example already requires three lookups in different tables to return the data, which, as you might expect, is very slow. In order to improve performance, the database administrator will place an index on heavily-searched columns, in this example the person_id columns. An index consists of a column containing the data to be found, and the record number of the matching row in the table. This is the reason that tables are fixed width, so that the database can easily figure out the physical location of the record given the location of the start of the table, the length of any row, and the number of rows to skip. Without this simplification, performance of the relational model would be unusable.
M's datastore stores only the physical locations. This means that records can be of any length, placed anywhere, and contain anything. Searching is not needed to find any record, a pointer directly to that record is easily retrieved and followed to the data in question. The physical data in an M is typically stored in a "blob" of strings, one after the other. This provides another advantage over the relational model, as empty cells do not take up room as they do in the fixed-length relational table. M databases are therefore smaller than relational ones, which is another reason for their increased performance (less disk operations).
So why doesn't the relational model do the same thing? Historical accident. At the time the difference in speed between storage and processor was much smaller than it is today, and the cost of having the CPU follow a pointer was expensive compared to the simple arithmatic needed for an index. Today the CPU's have grown many times faster than the storage, so this cost is effectively zero. This is the main reason why multidimensional datastores outperform relational ones today, something that was not true in the 1970s when the two models were in competition.
M globals are, in fact, indexes. Each node in the global contains a pointer to the data, just as an index does in the relational model. Unlike the relational model, where indexes are a special-purpose object included as a necessary evil used in some lookups, under M indexes are first-class citizens that are used for all data access. This is yet another reason for M's performance.
This makes M systems particularily well suited to looking up related data, as in the example above. The equivalent M statement would be something more akin to:
Related information can be stored directly in the index, in p.addresses for example. In this case no lookup is needed, PEOPLE can point directly to the addresses and phone numbers.
The biggest consequence of this internal representation is that database operations are economical (in both disk space and execution time). M is extremely well suited to real world data, which is often 'sparse' (ie has missing fields). There is no penalty in storage space if a defined data value is not present. This is an extremely helpful feature in a clinical context.
M includes almost no operating system specific command syntax, very few file system interface commands, and no machine specific commands. It is thus quite portable. Additionally, database manipulation code is extremely brief. A M routine implementing a complex database interaction might be a page or two of code. The equivalent in a less high level language (C, Pascal, Fortran, ...) is likely to be an order of magnitude larger. M is a highly cost effective application programming tool.
It causes painful enlargement of the salivary or parotid glands.
;Causes and risks: The mumps are caused by a paramyxovirus, which is spread from person to person by saliva droplets or direct contact with articles that have been contaminated with infected saliva. The parotid glands (the salivary glands between the ear and the jaw) are usually involved. Children between the ages of 2 and 12 are most commonly infected, but the infection can occur in other age groups. In older people, other organs may become involved including the testes, the central nervous system, the pancreas, the prostate, the breasts, and other organs. The incubation period is usually 12 to 24 days.
;Prevention: MMR immunization (vaccine) protects against measles, mumps and rubella and should be given to children 15 months old. The vaccination is repeated in some locations between 4 to 6 years of age, or between 11 and 12 years of age if not previously given. See also immunizations - general overview.
;Symptoms
;Treatment: There is no specific treatment for mumps. Symptoms may be relieved by the application of intermittent ice or heat to the affected neck area, acetaminophen - oral for pain relief (do not give aspirin to children with a viral illness because of the risk of Reye's syndrome). Warm salt water gargles, soft foods, and extra fluids may also help relieve symptoms.
;Prognosis: The probable outcome is good, even if other organs are involved. Sterility in men from involvement of the testes is very rare. After the illness, life-long immunity to mumps occurs.
;Complications
Update Date: 08/15/01
Copied from the National Library of Medicine's Medline Plus website. Update date included for cross-reference against newer versions.History
Description
SET A="abc"SET A(1,2)="def"SET A("first_name")="Bob"
SET A("last_name")="Dobbs"SET ^A("first_name")="Bob"
SET ^A("last_name")="Dobbs"SELECT * FROM user WHERE first_name like 'Bob%'SET ^|DENVER|A("first_name")="Bob"
SET ^|DENVER|A("last_name")="Dobbs"The MUMPS Datastore
SELECT * from PEOPLE p, ADDRESSES a, PHONE_NUNBERS n
WHERE p.id = a.person_id
AND p.id = n.person_id
AND p.first_name = "Bob"SELECT * from PEOPLE p, ADDRESSES a, PHONE_NUNBERS n
WHERE p.first_name = "Bob"
External links
;Signs and tests: A physical examination confirms the presence of the swollen glands. Usually the disease is diagnosed on clinical grounds and no confirmatory laboratory testing is needed.
;Call your health care provider if
Go to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if convulsions occur.
Reformatted for Wiki-compatibility.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "MUMPS."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
MUMPS | English | Massachusetts general hospital Multi-Programming System | Computer - Computer - (OA, BIS, ESPRIT) |
| MUGD | English | MUMPS User Group Deutschland, "MUG-D" | Computer - (MUMPS, user group) |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonym: MumpsSynonym: epidemic parotitis (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Dejection | Melancholy; sadness; Adjective: il penseroso, melancholia, dismals, blues, lachrymals, mumps, dumps, blue devils, doldrums; vapors, megrims, spleen, horrors, hypochondriasis, pessimism; la maladie sans maladie; despondency, slough of Despond; disconsolateness; Adjective: hope deferred, blank despondency; voiceless woe. |
Disease | Ague, angina pectoris, appendicitis; Asiatic cholera, spasmodic cholera; biliary calculus, kidney stone, black death, bubonic plague, pneumonic plague; blennorrhagia, blennorrhoea; blood poisoning, bloodstroke, bloody flux, brash; breakbone fever, dengue fever, malarial fever, Q-fever; heart attack, cardiac arrest, cardiomyopathy; hardening of the arteries, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis; bronchocele, canker rash, cardialgia, carditis, endocarditis; cholera, asphyxia; chlorosis, chorea, cynanche, dartre; enanthem, enanthema; erysipelas; exanthem, exanthema; gallstone, goiter, gonorrhea, green sickness; grip, grippe, influenza, flu; hay fever, heartburn, heaves, rupture, hernia, hemorrhoids, piles, herpes, itch, king's evil, lockjaw; measles, mumps, polio; necrosis, pertussis, phthisis, pneumonia, psora, pyaemia, pyrosis, quinsy, rachitis, ringworm, rubeola, St. Vitus's dance, scabies, scarlatina, scarlet fever, scrofula, seasickness, struma, syntexis, tetanus, tetter, tonsillitis, tonsilitis, tracheocele, trachoma, trismus, varicella, varicosis, variola, water qualm, whooping cough; yellow fever, yellow jack. |
Sullenness | Ill temper, bad temper, ill humor, bad humor; sulks, dudgeon, mumps, dumps, doldrums, fit of the sulks, bouderie, black looks, scowl; grouch; huff; (resentment). |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Mumps |
| English words defined with "mumps": myxovirus ♦ paramyxovirus. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "mumps": Arthritis, Infectious ♦ Devil to Pay and no Pitch Hot, DIGITAL Standard MUMPS, DSM ♦ Greystone Technologies, GT/SQL ♦ M Technology Association, M$, Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine, Micronetics Standard MUMPS, MSM ♦ Rubulavirus. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Mumps" is also a word in the following language with the English translation in parentheses. German (mumps). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Lyrics | In the dumps with the mumps as the adolescent pumps his way in to his hat (Blinded By The Light (Bruce Springsteen); performing artist: MANFRED MANN) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Mumps and Bumps Love (1915) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | The mumps virus is a member of the family of Paramyxoviridae, and is enveloped by a helical ribonucleic-protein capsid, which has a herring-bone-like appearance. Credit: CDC. |  | Child with mumps. Credit: CDC. |
 | U. S. Army Base Hospital No. 118, Savenay, France. : Ward G, mumps cases. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |  | U.S. Army. Camp Hospital No.55, Ferrieres, France. : Interior view- Mumps Ward. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Children get vaccinations for other diseases like measles, mumps, and rubella. (references) | |
Live virus vaccines (regular measles, German measles or rubella, mumps, polio) should not be given. (references) | ||
Pneumonia, measles, mumps, and tonsillitis are among the diseases that can cause severe toxic vascular headaches. (references) | ||
Travel | Georgia | Those who are immunized for vaccine-preventable illnesses such as diphtheria, measles, and mumps are not at particular risk. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | In addition, reported cases of measles and mumps are at their lowest levels ever. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Mumps" is generally used as a noun (plural) -- approximately 77.78% of the time. "Mumps" is used about 18 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (plural) | 77.78% | 14 | 93,893 |
| Noun (proper) | 22.22% | 4 | 175,879 |
| Total | 100.00% | 18 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "mumps": digital Standard MUMPS ♦ Micronetics Standard MUMPS ♦ Mumps Vaccine ♦ Mumps Virus. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "mumps": mumps-meningitis. | |
Containing "mumps": Measles-Mumps-Rubella, Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "mumps"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | shyta. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | النكاف إلتهاب الغدة النكفية, أبو كعب مرض. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | лошо настроение (doldrums, grouch, hump, ill humor, ill humour, pet, petulance, spleen). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 腮腺炎 (Parotitis), 痄 . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | zánìt příušnic. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | faaresyge. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | parotitis (parotitis), dikoor, bof (luck). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farsi | گوشک(طب). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | sikotauti (parotitis), pussitauti. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | oreillons. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | ziegenpeter, mumps. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | παρωτίτιδα (parotiditis, parotitis), παραμαγούλα. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | חזירית (scrofula). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | mumpsz, rosszkedv (blues, crossness, doldrums, dump, fit of blues, grouch, grumpiness, grundyism, hip, hump, ill humor, ill humour, low spirits, miff, moodiness, spunk), fültőmirigylob, fültőmirigy-gyulladás. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | orecchioni, parotite (parotitis). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 耳下腺炎 , 阿多福風邪 , 流行性耳下腺炎 . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | おたふくかぜ, りゅう"うせいじかせ"え", じかせ"え". (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | plooghaght, gorley scoarnee. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | umpsmay parotidite epidémica, parotidite (parotitis), papeira (goiter, goitre), caxumba (parotitis). (various references) supãrare (affliction, anger, annoyance, bitterness, burden, care, chafe, cloud, cross, damage, Dander, fury, grief, harm, irritation, mood, moroseness, pain, peevishness, pet, pettishness, pique, rage, Ruth, sadness, sorrow, spite, spunk, suffering, sulk, trouble, vexation), proastã dispoziţie (huffiness, ill humor, ill humour, megrim, melancholy, moodiness, spleen), parotiditã epidemicã, oreion (parotitis). (various references) свинка (piggy, piggywiggy). (various references) ploic (the mumps). (various references) zauške. (various references) paperas. (various references) påssjuka. (various references) โรคคางทูม. (various references) kabakulak (parotitis). (various references) свинка (parotitis), приступ поганого настрою. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Misspellings | |
"Mumps" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: mamps, memp, mepps, Mmpi, mumbs, mumus. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "mumps" (pronounced mu"mps) |
| 4 | -u" m p s | bumps, clumps, dumps, jumps, lumps, pumps, slumps, stumps, thumps, trumps. |
| 3 | -m p s | Blimps, camps, Champs, chimps, clamps, contretemps, cramps, crimps, damps, glimpse, lamps, limps, pimps, ramps, revamps, stamps, swamps, tamps, temps, unclamps, wimps. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "m-m-p-s-u" | |
-1 letter: mump, mums, sump, umps. | |
-2 letters: mum, mus, pus, sum, sup, umm, ump, ups. | |
-3 letters: mm, mu, um, up, us. | |
| Words containing the letters "m-m-p-s-u" | |
+2 letters: metumps, mumpers, pummels, wampums. | |
+3 letters: mugwumps, opiumism, optimums, plumbism, plumbums, plummets, pomatums, premiums, pummelos, supermom. | |
+4 letters: dummkopfs, emporiums, epimysium, euphemism, imperiums, impostume, marsupium, opiumisms, plumbisms, plummiest, presummit, supermoms, sympodium, symposium, timpanums, tympanums. | |
+5 letters: euphemisms, imposthume, impostumes, impromptus, mediumship, miscompute, paramylums, perimysium, plasmodium, prostomium, spermatium, suboptimum, symposiums. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)4D 75 6D 70 73 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)-- ..- -- .--. ... |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01001101 01110101 01101101 01110000 01110011 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)M u m p s |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)004D 0075 006D 0070 0073 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)4787798285 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Quotations: Non-fiction 8. Quotations: Speeches | 9. Usage Frequency 10. Expressions 11. Expressions: Internet 12. Translations: Modern | 13. Abbreviations 14. Acronyms 15. Derivations 16. Rhymes | 17. Anagrams 18. Orthography 19. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
