Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: MANAGING |
MANAGINGPersonal pronoun & verb & noun1. Of Manage |
Date "MANAGING" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1200. (references) |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
"Management" characterises the process of leading and directing all or part of an organization, often a business one, through the deployment and manipulation of resources (human, financial, material, intellectual or intangible). One can also think of management functionally: as the action in measuring a quantity on a regular basis and adjusting an initial plan and the actions taken to reach one's intended goal. This applies even in situations where planning does not take place. Situational management may precede and subsume purposive management.
Historical Development
Some writers trace the development of management thought back to Sumerian traders and ancient Egyptian pyramid builders, but modern management as a discipline began as an off-shoot of economics in the 19th century. Classical economists like Adam Smith and John Stuart Mill provided a theoretical background to resource allocation, production, and pricing issues. About the same time, innovators like Eli Whitney, James Watt and Matthew Boulton developed technical production elements such as standardization, quality control procedures, cost accounting, interchangability of parts, and work planning. By the middle of the 19th century people like Robert Owen, H. Poor, and M Laughlin introduced the human element with theories of worker training, motivation, organizational structure and span of control.
By the late 19th century marginal economists like Alfred Marshall and Leon Walras introduced a new layer of complexity to the theoretical underpinings of management. The first tertiary-level course in management was offered in 1881 by J. Wharton. By 1900 we find managers trying to place their theories on a thoroughly scienticfic basis. Examples include H. Towne's Science of management, Frederick Winslow Taylor's Scientific management, Frank Bunker Gilbreth's Science of motion study, and Henry L. Gantt's charts. J. Duncan wrote the first college management text book in 1911.
The first comprehensive theories of management appeared around 1920. People like H. Fayol and A. Church described the various branches of management and their inter-relationships. In the 1920s and 1930s people like O. Tead, W. Scott and J. Mooney applied the principles of psychology to management. Also in the early 20th century people like E. Mayo, M. Follett, C. Barnard, Max Weber, Rensis Likert and C Argyris applied the principles of sociology to management.
H. Dodge, R. Fisher, and T. Fry introduced statistical techniques into management. In the 1940s, Patrick Blackett combined these statistical theories with microeconomic theory and spawned the science of operations research was born. Operations research, sometimes known as "management science", has attempted to make a science of some aspects of management.
Some of the more recent developments include the theory of constraints, reengineering, and various information technology driven theories such as Agile. The theory of constraints approach to management boils the effort down to a repetitive cycle of three basic questions -- What to change? To what to change to? How to make the change happen?
At the end of the 20th century, management was seen as consisting of the following six subcategories:
In the 21st century we find it increasingly difficult to think in terms of these six categories. More and more processes simultaneously involve several categories. Instead, we tend to think in terms of the various processes, tasks, and objects that one can manage.
- Human resource management
- Operations or production management
- Strategic management
- Marketing management
- Financial management
- Information Technology management
Different varieties/objects of management:
- Change management
- Communications management
- Constraint Management
- Cost management
- Crisis management
- Customer relationship management
- Earned value management
- Enterprise management
- Integration management
- Knowledge management
- Marketing management
- Micromanagement
- Pain management
- Procurement management
- Program management
- Project management
- Process management
- Product management
- Quality management
- Resource management
- Risk management
- Scope management
- Skills management
- Spend management
- Supply chain management
- Systems management
- Time management
- Stress management
See Also:
- Adhocracy
- Management consulting
- Management development
- Middle management
- Poor management
- Senior management
- Strategic management
- Virtual management
- Peter Drucker's management by objectives
- Eliyahu_M._Goldratt's theory of constraints
Finding related topics
- list of management topics
- list of marketing topics
- list of human resource management topics
- list of economics topics
- list of finance topics
- list of accounting topics
- list of information technology management topics
- list of production topics
- list of business law topics
- list of business ethics, political economy, and philosophy of business topics
- list of business theorists
- list of economists
- list of corporate leaders
- list of companies
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Management."
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Nora, managing your money is so easy (The Naked Truth; writing credit: Scott Bank; Jenny Banks) | |
Tongue Twisters | Can you imagine an imaginary menagerie manager managing an imaginary menagerie? (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Managing Meetings (1981) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies |
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High Tech |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Agricultural Research Service scientists are helping users of American rangelands meet the challenge of managing multiple uses sustainably. P. Credit: USDA ARS News; photo by Jack Dykinga.. |  | Managing a candidate. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | The FSA (Farm Security Administration) county home supervisor helps Mrs. Dixon plan a practical way of managing her household. Saint Charles County, Missouri. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Katherine Meyer, daughter of Eugene Meyer, managing director of the War Finance Corp., snapped at the Riding and Hunt Club today on "Seewandda" an entry in the coming National Capital Horse Show. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | Upon this is founded that saying, That the reigns of good princes have been always most dangerous to the liberties of their people: for when their successors, managing the government with different thoughts, would draw the actions of those good rulers into precedent, and make them the standard of their prerogative, as if what had been done only for the good of the people was a right in them to do, for the harm of the people, if they so pleased; it has often occasioned contest, and sometimes public disorders, before the people could recover their original right, and get that to be declared not to be prerogative, which truly was never so; since it is impossible that any body in the society should ever have a right to do the people harm; though it be very possible, and reasonable, that the people should not go about to set any bounds to the prerogative of those kings, or rulers, who themselves transgressed not the bounds of the public good: for prerogative is nothing but the power of doing public good without a rule. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Communist Manifesto | 1848 | The executive of the modern State is but a committee for managing the common affairs of the whole bourgeoisie. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Occupational, physical, and speech therapy may help in managing disability. (references) | |
Medical and behavioral therapy, however, are often helpful in managing its symptoms. (references) | ||
In the chronic stage, treatment involves managing symptoms associated with the disease. (references) | ||
Business | BT provides data network services through Concert, its managing global network. (references) | |
China’s seaports lack the capability of efficiently processing and managing incoming cargo. (references) | ||
The practical arrangements for managing clinical waste depend on the different hazards they present. (references) | ||
Children | Costa Rica | The law provides for prison sentences from 4 to 10 years for those managing or promoting child prostitution. (references) |
Iceland | The Office of the Children's Ombudsman in the Prime Minister's Office has a mandate to protect children's rights, interests, and welfare by, among other things, exerting influence on legislation, government decisions, and public attitudes and has done so. The government-funded Agency for Child Protection coordinates the work of 56 committees around the country that are responsible for managing child protection issues (for example, adoption and foster care) in their local areas. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | Niger | The Minister of Interior took legal action against the founder of the weekly, the managing editor, and a reporter. (references) |
Economic History | Moldova | There is a central depository charged with managing the securities market. (references) |
Germany | By law, all companies in Germany must have a fluent German speaker on the managing board. (references) | |
Mauritius | Contact: Mr. Paul Clarenc, Managing Director, Mauritius Oil Refineries Ltd., Quay Road, Port Louis. (references) | |
Human Rights | Australia | Within the country, each state and territory is responsible for managing its prisons. (references) |
Uganda | On December 21, Ssemanda, two priests, and a priestess were charged with managing an unlawful society. (references) | |
Swaziland | A lack of an independent court budget, lack of trained manpower, inadequate levels of salary remuneration, and managing casework remain problems for the judiciary. (references) | |
Political Economy | India | Prime Minister Vajpayee's leadership is seen as having a calming influence in managing the complex politics of this diverse coalition. (references) |
Italy | Italy played a crucial role in NATO's action in Kosovo and in managing the refugee crisis, as well as in efforts toward economic and political stabilization in Albania. (references) | |
Portugal | The Prime Minister is responsible for managing Portugal's domestic and foreign policy, except in a few issue areas where the constitution gives the President direct responsibility. (references) | |
Political Rights | Burkina Faso | Under the revised code, the CENI has full responsibility for managing its budget and is the only organization responsible for monitoring elections and referendums. (references) |
Trade | Ireland | Established under the Central Bank Act of 1942, the Central Bank is charged with managing the country's banking/monetary system and controlling credit. (references) |
El Salvador | Having introduced the U.S. dollar as legal tender in El Salvador as of January 1, 2001, the GOES is managing a smooth transition to a fully dollarized economy. (references) | |
Travel | Croatia | But decision-making has tended to be centralized resting in the hands of a managing director or general manager. (references) |
Women | Syria | Women are not impeded from owning or managing land or other real property. (references) |
Belize | There are no legal impediments to women owning or managing land or other real property. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Bosnia and Herzegovina | For example, it is illegal to run a brothel, but local police generally arrest women engaged in prostitution rather than procurers or those managing the brothels. (references) |
Moldova | The GFTU's continuing role in managing the state insurance system and its retention of former official union headquarters and vacation facilities provide an inherent advantage over other groups who might wish to form a union. (references) | |
Malawi | In October a bill was introduced in the National Assembly, which proposed 14-year sentences for anyone convicted of promoting, managing, or transporting any person into or out of the country with the purpose of engaging that person in prostitution. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | FINANCE, n. The art or science of managing revenues and resources for the best advantage of the manager. The pronunciation of this word with the i long and the accent on the first syllable is one of America's most precious discoveries and possessions. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
John Hartmann | Phil made money in a lot of directions. He was a Renaissance man. He was a brilliant artist who worked for me as my art department when I was managing a lot of top musical acts. And he did other album covers and logos and ad layouts, and he was a genius. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | When I looked down at the enormous United States Post Office building I could just see the excitement on the faces of the bureaucrats--knowing they would soon be managing our national health care system! |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "MANAGING" is generally used as a lexical verb (-ing form) -- approximately 57.10% of the time. "MANAGING" is used about 2,159 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (-ing form) | 57.1% | 1,233 | 6,335 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 37.25% | 804 | 8,660 |
| Noun (proper) | 5.04% | 109 | 31,132 |
| Noun (singular) | 0.6% | 13 | 97,576 |
| Total | 100.00% | 2,159 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "MANAGING": chairman and managing director ♦ managing agent ♦ managing board ♦ managing class ♦ managing clerk ♦ managing director ♦ managing editor ♦ managing group ♦ managing partner ♦ managing syndicate ♦ managing underwriter ♦ stage managing. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "MANAGING": managing-director, managing-owner. | |
Ending with "MANAGING": self-managing, stage-managing. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "MANAGING"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | udhëheqës (chief, chieftain, conductor, directive, director, directory, fugleman, guide, headman, heuristic, instructor, leader, manager, mentor, organizer, supervisor), drejtues (administrator, conductor, foremost, front-bencher, governing, head, leader, leading, managerial, mentor, pilot, supervisor), administrues. (various references) | |
Arabic | نزاع إلي التسلط. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | ръководещ (directive, hegemonic, ruling, supervising), който обича да се налага (possessive), завеждащ (superintendent, supervising). (various references) | |
Chinese | 主持 (Chaired, Chairing, Hosting, manage, Managed, Officiate, Officiated, Officiating, Preside, Presided, Presiding). (various references) | |
Czech | vedoucí obchodu (managing clerk), správní rada (managing board). (various references) | |
Danish | managing agent (managing agent, underwriting agent), valutakursudsvingsmekanisme (mechanism for managing currency fluctuations, snake), underwriting agent (managing agent, underwriting agent), styring af offentlige indgreb (managing State interventions), styre forbrug af batterier (managing consumption of batteries), slangen (mechanism for managing currency fluctuations, snake), liniestyringsprocedure (line managing procedure), ledende emissionsgarant (agent banks, arranging banks, lead banker, lead manager, leading bank, managing underwriter, syndicate leader, syndicate manager), ledelsesorgan (managing body), forretningsfoerende styrelse (managing administration), emissionsledelse (management group, managing group, managing syndicate), emissionskonsortium (management group, managing group, managing syndicate), bestyrende jernbane (managing railway). (various references) | |
Dutch | mechanisme om de wisselkoersschommelingen(de slang)te beheersen (mechanism for managing currency fluctuations, snake), managing agent (managing agent, underwriting agent), leidende bank (agent banks, arranging banks, lead banker, lead manager, leading bank, managing underwriter, syndicate leader, syndicate manager), beheerssysteem voor kennis en capaciteiten (system for managing skills), beheersysteem voor kennis en kunde (system for managing skills), beheervoerende Administratie (managing administration), beheervoerende Spoorweg (managing administration), beheren van verbruik van batterijen (managing consumption of batteries), beherende spoorweg (managing railway), bestuursorgaan (managing body), consortium (consortium, management group, managing group, managing syndicate, syndicate), begeleiding van het overheidsoptreden (managing State interventions), eerste leidende bank (agent banks, arranging banks, lead banker, lead manager, leading bank, managing underwriter, syndicate leader, syndicate manager), underwriting agent (managing agent, underwriting agent), leidinggevende instantie (Union's managing body), leidster van het consortium (agent banks, arranging banks, lead banker, lead manager, leading bank, managing underwriter, syndicate leader, syndicate manager), lijnbesturingsprocedure (line managing procedure), Nederlands Centrum van Directeuren (Netherlands Centre of Managing Directors), slang (serpent, snake), syndicaatsleider (agent banks, arranging banks, lead banker, lead manager, leading bank, managing underwriter, syndicate leader, syndicate manager), eerste klerk van pleitbezorger (lawyer's chief clerk, lawyer's head clerk, lawyer's managing clerk). (various references) | |
Finnish | valuuttakäärmemekanismi (mechanism for managing currency fluctuations, snake), valuuttakäärme (mechanism for managing currency fluctuations, snake), vakuutuksenvälittäjä (managing agent, underwriting agent), syndikaatti (syndicate), syndikaatin johtoryhmä (management group, managing group, managing syndicate), prokuristi (managing clerk), on holhouksen alainen (has been declared incapable of managing his own affairs), asianajotoimiston konttoripäällikkö (lawyer's chief clerk, lawyer's head clerk, lawyer's managing clerk). (various references) | |
French | directeur général (general manager). (various references) | |
German | verwaltung (accocation, administration, authorities, conducting, control, government, holding, holding in trust, maintenance, management, running, stewardship), verwaltend (administering, administrative), leitend (central, channeling, conducting, conductive, directing, dominant, executive, funneling, governing, leading, managerial, ruling, senior), geschäftsführend (managerial). (various references) | |
Greek | ελέγχω (audit, check, check over, check up, check up on, control, cross-match, inspect, test). (various references) | |
Hebrew | במוי (stage managing, staging), ביום (direction, stage managing, staging). (various references) | |
Hungarian | igazgató (boss, dir, director, governing, head, manager, principal, provost, rector, warden). (various references) | |
Indonesian | pengurusan (attenuation, emaciation). (various references) | |
Italian | dirigente (boss, conductor, director, executive, leader, manager, ruling, top), direttivo (channeling, directive, executive, guiding, managerial). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 遣り繰り (getting by, making do), 算段 (contriving, raising), やり繰り (getting by, making do). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | さ" " (buckshot, contriving, raising, shot), やりくり (getting by, making do). (various references) | |
Korean | 처리 (Disposal). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | anagingmay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | que gere, que dirige. (various references) | |
Romanian | gospodar (householder, husband, husbandman, manager, thrifty), energic (a live wire, active, alive, brisk, buoyant, dapper, drastic, dynamic, emphatic, energetic, energetically, forcible, full of beans, humming, iron, keen, lively, living, mightily, peppy, peremptory, pushful, pushing, sharp, snappy, stout, stoutly, strenuous, strong, strong-minded, trenchant, virile), econom (bursar, careful, economical, parsimonious, provident, saving, sparing, thrifty, treasurer), de conducere (managerial). (various references) | |
Russian | управлять (administer, administrate, be in control, be in control of, boss, command, conduct, control, govern, have control over, helm, husband, manage, managed, master, mastermind, move, navigate, navigating, operate, rein, run, run the show, sail, steer, superintend, take control of), руководящий (governing, hegemonic, leading), деловой (businesslike, business-like, no-nonsense). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | upravljanje (control, directing, driving, management, procuration, regimen), rukovođenje (leadership), poluslužben (officious), koji upravlja, štedljiv (economic, economical, frugal, parsimonious, penny-wise, saving, sparing, thrifty). (various references) | |
Spanish | mandón (bossy, domineering), gestor (business agent, manager, promoter, representative), gerente (administrator, director, executive, manager, office manager). (various references) | |
Swedish | styrande (directorial, governing, government, regulation), ledande (chief, conduction, conductive, directive, directorial, directory, governing, leading, ranking, top), administrativ (administrative, executive). (various references) | |
Turkish | mesul (accountable, liable, responsible), sorumlu (accountable, amenable, answerable, blameworthy, curator, ex cathedra, in charge of, keeper, liable, rep, responsible), idare etme (controlling, guidance, husbandry). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | керівний (chief, governing, guiding, high-level, leading), економний (canny, economic, economical, sparing, thrifty), енергійний (active, aggressive, arduous, deedful, eager, energetic, energetical, fell, go ahead, pithy, pushful, red blooded, spirited, spiritful, spirituous, strenuous, two-fisted, up and coming, zippy). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | trông nom, tiết kiệm (provident, sparing, thrifty), quản lý giỏi, quản lý khéo trông nom, kinh doanh giỏi cẩn thận. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words ending with "MANAGING": comanaging, micromanaging, mismanaging, overmanaging. (additional references) | |
| |
"MANAGING" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Manafi, manavi, mangaing, manganic, Mangin, Maningning, Mantaring, maraging, Mazagon, minipig, miraging, monging, munging. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "MANAGING" (pronounced ma"nujing) |
| 4 | -u j i ng | discouraging. |
| 3 | -j i ng | arbitraging, acknowledging, aging, alleging, arranging, avenging, averaging, besieging, bridging, bulging, challenging, changing, charging, converging, cringing, damaging, discharging, disengaging, dislodging, disparaging, diverging, divulging, dodging, dredging, edging, emerging, encouraging, engaging, enlarging, enraging, exchanging, fledging, foraging, forging, fudging, gauging, gouging, grudging, hedging, hemorrhaging, imaging, indulging, infringing, judging, leveraging, lodging, lounging, lunging, merging, messaging, micromanaging, mischarging, mismanaging, mortgaging, nudging, obliging, outraging, overcharging, packaging, paging, pillaging, pledging, plunging, presaging, purging, raging, rampaging, ranging, ravaging, rearranging, recharging, repackaging, resurging, rummaging, salvaging, savaging, scavenging, scrounging, shortchanging, splurging, staging, surging, trudging, unchanging, urging, verging, waging. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-a-g-g-i-m-n-n" | |
-2 letters: angina, gagman, gaming, magian, naming. | |
-3 letters: again, aging, amain, amiga, amnia, anima, gamin, mania, manna. | |
-4 letters: agin, agma, amia, amin, anga, anna, gaga, gain, gama, gang, giga, magi, main, mana, migg, mina, naan, nana. | |
-5 letters: aga, aim, ain, ama, ami, ana, ani, gag, gam, gan, gig, gin, inn, mag, man, mig, nag, nam, nan. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-a-g-g-i-m-n-n" | |
+2 letters: comanaging, endamaging. | |
+3 letters: anagramming, campaigning, marginating, mismanaging. | |
+4 letters: antigambling, overmanaging. | |
+5 letters: aggiornamento, fragmentating, marginalizing, micromanaging. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Modern 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Photo Album 6. Quotations: Historic 7. Quotations: Non-fiction 8. Quotations: Spoken | 9. Quotations: Speeches 10. Usage Frequency 11. Expressions 12. Expressions: Internet | 13. Translations: Modern 14. Derivations 15. Rhymes 16. Anagrams | 17. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
