Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Mary |
MaryNoun1. The mother of Jesus; Christians refer to her as the Virgin Mary; she is especially honored by Roman Catholics. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
"Mary" is a name that signifies or is derived from: "a sea of bitterness", "a rebelliousness", "a wished for child", "loved", "same as Miriam". |
Date "Mary" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1050. (references) |
Note: Mary \Mar"y\, noun. Marrow. [Obsolete]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | Mary |
Bible | Mary Hebrew Miriam. (1.) The wife of Joseph, the mother of Jesus, called the "Virgin Mary," though never so designated in Scripture (Matt. 2:11; Acts 1:14). Little is known of her personal history. Her genealogy is given in Luke 3. She was of the tribe of Judah and the lineage of David (Ps. 132:11; Luke 1:32). She was connected by marriage with Elisabeth, who was of the lineage of Aaron (Luke 1:36). While she resided at Nazareth with her parents, before she became the wife of Joseph, the angel Gabriel announced to her that she was to be the mother of the promised Messiah (Luke 1:35). After this she went to visit her cousin Elisabeth, who was living with her husband Zacharias (probably at Juttah, Josh. 15:55; 21:16, in the neighbourhood of Maon), at a considerable distance, about 100 miles, from Nazareth. Immediately on entering the house she was saluted by Elisabeth as the mother of her Lord, and then forthwith gave utterance to her hymn of thanksgiving (Luke 1:46-56; comp. 1 Sam. 2:1-10). After three months Mary returned to Nazareth to her own home. Joseph was supernaturally made aware (Matt. 1:18-25) of her condition, and took her to his own home. Soon after this the decree of Augustus (Luke 2:1) required that they should proceed to Bethlehem (Micah 5:2), some 80 or 90 miles from Nazareth; and while they were there they found shelter in the inn or khan provided for strangers (Luke 2:6, 7). But as the inn was crowded, Mary had to retire to a place among the cattle, and there she brought forth her son, who was called Jesus (Matt. 1:21), because he was to save his people from their sins. This was followed by the presentation in the temple, the flight into Egypt, and their return in the following year and residence at Nazareth (Matt. 2). There for thirty years Mary, the wife of Joseph the carpenter, resides, filling her own humble sphere, and pondering over the strange things that had happened to her. During these years only one event in the history of Jesus is recorded, viz., his going up to Jerusalem when twelve years of age, and his being found among the doctors in the temple (Luke 2:41-52). Probably also during this period Joseph died, for he is not again mentioned. After the commencement of our Lord's public ministry little notice is taken of Mary. She was present at the marriage in Cana. A year and a half after this we find her at Capernaum (Matt. 12:46, 48, 49), where Christ uttered the memorable words, "Who is my mother? and who are my brethren? And he stretched forth his hand toward his disciples, and said, Behold my mother and my brethren!" The next time we find her is at the cross along with her sister Mary, and Mary Magdalene, and Salome, and other women (John 19:26). From that hour John took her to his own abode. She was with the little company in the upper room after the Ascension (Acts 1:14). From this time she wholly disappears from public notice. The time and manner of her death are unknown. (2.) Mary Magdalene, i.e., Mary of Magdala, a town on the western shore of the Lake of Tiberias. She is for the first time noticed in Luke 8:3 as one of the women who "ministered to Christ of their substance." Their motive was that of gratitude for deliverances he had wrought for them. Out of Mary were cast seven demons. Gratitude to her great Deliverer prompted her to become his follower. These women accompanied him also on his last journey to Jerusalem (Matt. 27:55; Mark 15:41; Luke 23:55). They stood near the cross. There Mary remained till all was over, and the body was taken down and laid in Joseph's tomb. Again, in the earliest dawn of the first day of the week she, with Salome and Mary the mother of James (Matt. 28:1; Mark 16:2), came to the sepulchre, bringing with them sweet spices, that they might anoint the body of Jesus. They found the sepulchre empty, but saw the "vision of angels" (Matt. 28:5). She hastens to tell Peter and John, who were probably living together at this time (John 20:1, 2), and again immediately returns to the sepulchre. There she lingers thoughtfully, weeping at the door of the tomb. The risen Lord appears to her, but at first she knows him not. His utterance of her name "Mary" recalls her to consciousness, and she utters the joyful, reverent cry, "Rabboni." She would fain cling to him, but he forbids her, saying, "Touch me not; for I am not yet ascended to my Father." This is the last record regarding Mary of Magdala, who now returned to Jerusalem. The idea that this Mary was "the woman who was a sinner," or that she was unchaste, is altogether groundless. (3.) Mary the sister of Lazarus is brought to our notice in connection with the visits of our Lord to Bethany. She is contrasted with her sister Martha, who was "cumbered about many things" while Jesus was their guest, while Mary had chosen "the good part." Her character also appears in connection with the death of her brother (John 11:20,31,33). On the occasion of our Lord's last visit to Bethany, Mary brought "a pound of ointment of spikenard, very costly, and anointed the feet of Jesus" as he reclined at table in the house of one Simon, who had been a leper (Matt. 26:6; Mark 14:3; John 12:2,3). This was an evidence of her overflowing love to the Lord. Nothing is known of her subsequent history. It would appear from this act of Mary's, and from the circumstance that they possessed a family vault (11:38), and that a large number of Jews from Jerusalem came to condole with them on the death of Lazarus (11:19), that this family at Bethany belonged to the wealthier class of the people. (See MARTHA.) (4.) Mary the wife of Cleopas is mentioned (John 19:25) as standing at the cross in company with Mary of Magdala and Mary the mother of Jesus. By comparing Matt. 27:56 and Mark 15:40, we find that this Mary and "Mary the mother of James the little" are on and the same person, and that she was the sister of our Lord's mother. She was that "other Mary" who was present with Mary of Magdala at the burial of our Lord (Matt. 27:61; Mark 15:47); and she was one of those who went early in the morning of the first day of the week to anoint the body, and thus became one of the first witnesses of the resurrection (Matt. 28:1; Mark 16:1; Luke 24:1). (5.) Mary the mother of John Mark was one of the earliest of our Lord's disciples. She was the sister of Barnabas (Col. 4:10), and joined with him in disposing of their land and giving the proceeds of the sale into the treasury of the Church (Acts 4:37; 12:12). Her house in Jerusalem was the common meeting-place for the disciples there. (6.) A Christian at Rome who treated Paul with special kindness (Rom. 16:6). Source: Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary. |
Biographical Satire | MARY, a young girl who was presented with a famous lamb. Seldom was seen without the animal. Conveyed it to school with her one day, thus causing considerable mirth among the pupils. Was severely reprimanded by the teacher, as it was against the regulations of the institution to permit animals, other than the children, in the class-rooms. M. returned the lamb to the stable. Her biography has been extensively published. Source: Who was Who: 5000BC - 1914. |
Literature | Mary As the Virgin, she is represented in Christian art with flowing hair, emblematical of her virginity. As Mater Dolorosa, she is represented as somewhat elderly, clad in mourning, head draped, and weeping over the dead body of Christ. As Our Lady of Dolours, she is represented as seated, her breast being pierced with seven swords, emblematic of her seven sorrows. As Our Lady of Mercy, she is represented with arms extended, spreading out her mantle, and gathering sinners beneath it. As The glorified Madonna, she is represented as bearing a crown and sceptre, or a ball and cross, in rich robes and surrounded by angels. Her seven joys. The Annunciation, Visitation, Nativity, Adoration of the Magi, Presentation in the Temple, Finding Christ amongst the Doctors, and the Assumption. Her seven sorrows. Simeon's Prophecy, the Flight into Egypt, Christ Missed, the Betrayal, the Crucifixion, the Taking Down from the Cross, and the Ascension, when she was left alone. Mary of Lord Byron's poetry, is Miss Chaworth, who was older than his lordship. Both Miss Chaworth and Lord Byron were under the guardianship of Mr. White. Miss Chaworth married John Musters, generally called Jack Musters; but the marriage was not a happy one, and the parties soon separated. The Dream of Lord Byron refers to this love affair to his youth. Mary of Robert Burns. (See Highland Mary .) It may be added to what is said under Highland Mary that of Mary Morison the poet wrote:- "Those smiles and glances let me see. That make the miser's treasure poor." And in Highland Mary we have- "Still o'er those scenes my memry wakes, And fondly broods with miser's care. ' A statue to her has been recently erected in Edinburgh. Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Blessed Virgin Mary
A traditional Catholic picture displayed sometimes in homes. It is sometimes displayed as part of a set. For accompanying image, see the Sacred Heart.The Blessed Virgin Mary, sometimes shortened to The Blessed Virgin, is a traditional title specifically used by Roman Catholics, Anglo-Catholics and others to describe Mary, the mother of Jesus. It carries with it a belief not merely in the virginity of Mary, but of her continuing role within the church and in the life of ordinary catholics, for which Roman Catholicism in the Dogmatic Constitution of the Church (21 November 1964) passed during the Second Vatican Council granted her the title Advocate, Auxiliatrix, Adjutrix, and Mediatrix.
The Blessed Virgin Mary in Catholicism
Whereas many branches of christianity see Mary largely as a historical figure, Catholicism focuses on her as a living entity who can intercede with her son, Jesus Christ, on behalf of humanity. Marian devotions play a key part in the ritual and liturgy of Roman Catholicism, through feast days, special prayers and hymns. Her centrality in Catholic theology has been stressed by popes and saints thoughout the centuries. According to St. Bernard of Clairvaux (1090 - 1153): "[Mary is called] the gate of heaven, because no one can enter that blessed kingdom without passing through her" while St. Bonaventure (1221 - 1274) wrote: "As the moon, which stands between the sun and the earth, transmits to this latter whatever it receives from the former, so does Mary pour out upon us who are in this world the heavenly graces that she receives from the divine sun of justice."
The Rosary
The most famous Marian prayer is the Rosary, a form of mantra in which an Our Father, ten Hail Marys and a Glory Be to the Father (together forming a 'decade of the Rosary') are repeated five times, to be followed by a prayer called the 'Hail Holy Queen' and the 'Litany'.
Other famous Marian prayers include the 'Magnificat'. Marian hymns include 'O Mary, we Crown Thee With Blossoms Today' and the 'Ave Maria'. The month of May is usually seen within traditional Roman Catholicism as a marian month.
Apparitions
The central role of Mary in the beliefs of Roman Catholicism is reflected in the fact that many Roman Catholic churches contain side altars dedicated to the Virgin Mary (see image below). Roman Catholicism also celebrates the Blessed Virgin Mary through major religious sites where it is claimed apparitions or appearances of the Virgin have occurred, often with claims by witnesses that messages to humanity were delivered. Among the most famous such sites of the alleged apparitions approved by the Roman Catholic Church are
Photograph of alleged Apparition in Zeitun, Egypt
Photograph claiming to show an apparition of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Egypt in 1968. It was supposedly witnessed by Christian, Moslems and President Abdul Nasser, as well as captured by newspaper photographers and Egyptian television. Investigations by among others the Coptic Church and the police could find no explanation for the phenomenon. No devise was found within a radius of fifteen miles capable of projecting the image, while the sheer number of photographs from independent sources suggests that no photographic manipulation was involved.
Among the most famous unapproved sites of alleged apparitions are
- Fatima in Portugal (1917)
- Guadalupe in Mexico (1531)
- Knock in Ireland (1879)
- La'Vang in Vietnam (1798)
- Lourdes in France (1858)
- Walsingham in England (1061)
- Garabandal in Spain
- Medjugorje in Bosnia-Herzegovina
- Zeitun in Egypt (1968-71) (in which the Virgin allegedly appeared on the roof of St. Mary's Coptic Church. See picture opposite.)
Papal Marian Apparitions
It has also been claimed that apparitions were experienced by a number of popes, including Pope Leo XIII in 1884, Pope Pius XII at various stages during his papacy, and Pope John Paul II in 1981, while he recovered from an assassination attempt which occurred on the anniversary of the Fatima apparition. John Paul II's particular devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary is indicated in his coat of Arms (see below), which contains a large letter 'M'. He has also visited many of the most famous alleged apparition sites, notably Fatima, Lourdes and Knock.
Third Secret of Fatima
Witnesses to these 'apparitions' claimed that the Blessed Virgin Mary urged humanity to repent from sinful ways and issued predictions as to events that would happen to humanity if repentance did not happen. The most famous such preduction is known as the Third Secret of Fatima, which the Vatican was accused of suppressing, due to the disturbing nature of its contents, which have been claimed to fortell among others a nuclear war, the deposition of the pope, the assassination of a pope, or the replacement of a pope by an imposter.1 The Vatican insists that the Third Secret refers to none of the above and released what it claimed was the full version. However it has never denied rumours that Pope John XXIII supplied the details of the Third Secret, which unlike the version published by Pope John Paul II included the description of a nuclear war, to Nikita Khrushchev (First Secretary2 of the USSR Communist Party), Harold Macmillan (Prime Minister of the United Kingdom) and John F. Kennedy (President of the United States) to influence them during the Cuban Missile Crisis.
Coat of Arms of Pope John Paul II
John Paul II's Coat of Arms contains the letter 'M' to indicate his devotion to MaryOne 'visionary', Sister Lucia, who on May 13, 1917 as a child states that she witnessed the Fatima apparition above a holmoak tree in Cova da Iria near Fatima, Portugal. In 1929 at Ponteverda, she claims to have experienced another 'visit' from the Blessed Virgin Mary, who told her:
- Look, my daughter, at my Heart encircled by these thorns with which men pierce it at every moment by their blasphemies and ingratitude. You, at least, strive to console me, and so I announce: I promise to assist at the hour of death with the grace necessary for salvation all those who, with the intention of making reparation to me, will, on the first Saturday of five consecutive months, go to confession, receive Holy Communion, say five dacades of the beads, and keep me company for fifteen minutes while meditating on the fifteen mysteries of the rosary.
The Immaculate Conception
In December 1854 Pope Pius IX controversially proclaimed the Dogma of the Immaculate Conception, finally concluding a debate that had existed within Catholic christianity from the earliest times, namely was Mary conceived with sin (a Maculate Conception, ie, did she possess Original Sin which according to the Book of Genesis had been bestowed on humans for disobeying God in the Garden of Eden, and which could only be lifted by Baptism), or conceived without sin (an Immaculate Conception), a special honour given on account of her status as the 'Mother of God'. Theologians, popes and Religious Orders had argued the issue for centuries. Pope Pius IX concluded the debate with his dogmatic decision, stating that "the Blessed Virgin Mary in the first instance of her conception was preserved exempt from all stain of original sin by a singular privilege and grace granted by God, in view of the merits of Jesus Christ, the Saviour of the human race." (Ineffabilis Deus, issued on 8 December 1854). It was subsequently claimed that the Blessed Virgin Mary during her first appearance in Lourdes on 11 February 1858 announced to Bernadette Soubiroux "I am the Immaculate Conception". The term Immaculate Conception is also widely used within Catholicism to refer to the Virgin Mary.
The Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary into Heaven
Catholic dogma proclaimed under papal infallibility by Pope Pius XII in 1950
Dogma of the Assumption
In 1950, using Papal Infallibility, in his encyclical Munificentissimus Deus Pope Pius XII proclaimed the Dogma of the Assumption, in which he stated that 'at the end of her earthly course, Mary was assumed into heavenly glory, body and soul'. He stated that "holy writers who ... employed statements and various images and analogies of Sacred Scripture to illustrate and to confirm the doctrine of the Assumption..." He also stated that he was relying both on scripture and on 'apostolic tradition'. As an infallible pronouncement, the Dogma of the Assumption is thus a mandatory belief for Roman Catholics. No pope since has issued an infallible dogma.
Mary as 'co-redeemer'
Some Catholics in the late twentieth century urged Pope John Paul II to infallibly declare Mary a co-redeemer (co-redemptrix) with Jesus. Professor Mark Miravalle of the Franciscan University in Steubenville in the United States launched a petition to urge Pope John Paul to make such a move, by designation Mary as Co-Redemptrix [co-redeemer], Mediatrix [mediator] of All Graces, and Advocate for the People of God. More than six million signatures were gathered from 148 countries. Signaturies included Mother Theresa of Calcutta, Cardinal John O'Connor of New York, 41 other cardinals and 550 bishops. However such a proposal was also heavily criticised by many catholics who suggested that only Christ could be a redeemer and that such an act would drive a wedge in relationships with other apostolic tradition christian faiths, notably the Orthodox faith and Anglicanism, neither of whom would accept such a designation. Though both Pope Pius XI in 1935 and Pope John Paul II himself in 1985 did use the word co-redemptrix to refer to Mary, no formal infallible dogma supporting such a designation has been issued, notwithstanding the petition.
Side altar to the Blessed Virgin Mary
in St. Mary's Pro-Cathedral in Dublin
Accusations of Idolatry
Many non-catholic christians have accused Roman Catholicism of idolatry in its focusing on Mary rather than on Jesus Christ. Some religious fundamentalists have accused Roman Catholics of adoring the Virgin Mary, in breach of the Ten Commandments, which condemn keeping 'false gods'. Roman Catholics insist that such claims mis-understand the nature of their devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary, which they argue does not involve any form of adoration but merely focuses on the Virgin Mary as the Mother of Christ, who in the view of generations of Roman Catholic theologans and saints is a living embodiment of motherhood and womanhood, whom they believe can intercede with her son for the good of humanity.
Marian Titles & Feast Days
Our Lady of Lourdes
frequently displayed image
commemorating Lourdes 'Apparition'Among the most prominent Marian feast days in the Roman Catholic Calendar are
- Our Lady of the Holy Rosary
- Our Lady of Guadalupe
- The Madonna of Consolation
- Our Lady of Perpetual Help (see icon below)
- Our Lady of Good Counsel
- Our Lady of Lourdes (see icon above)
- Our Lady, Queen of Ireland
- Mary, Queen of Heaven
- Mary, Queen of the World
- Queen of the Angels
- January 1 Mary, Mother of God
- February 2 Purification of Mary
- February 11 Our Lady of Lourdes
- March 25 Annunciation by Archangel Gabriel
- May 13 Our Lady of Fatima
- May 31 Mary, Mediatrix of all Graces
- June 27 Our Lady of Perpetual Help
- August 15 Assumption into Heaven
- August 21 Our Lady of Knock
- October 7 Feast of the Most Holy Rosary
- December 8 Feast of the Immaculate Conception
See also:
- Mary, the mother of Jesus,
- The Virgin Mary shrines
- The Sacred Heart
- Papal Infallibility
- Pope John Paul II
Footnotes
1 Some conservative catholics claim that Pope Paul VI was replaced by an imposter, supposedly an Italian actor, in 1972. Some websites claim a series of apparitions in New York by the Blessed Virgin took place in the 1970s confirming the 'switch', with the real Pope Paul kept drugged in the Vatican Palace, thus fulfilling what they claim is the real Third Secret of Fatima. However few give such claims, or the claims about the apparitions, much credence.
2 The office was later called General Secretary.External links
Our Lady of Perpetual Help
a famous mediæval icon
- The Mary Page - maintained by The Marian Library/International Marian Research Institute at the University of Dayton in Ohio
- Website of Medjugorje apparitions
- site containing long list of other Marian sites
- Catholic Apparitions of Jesus and Mary Homepage
- website about the alleged Zeitun apparitions, with photographs
- Pope John Paul's Encyclical Rosarium Virginis Mariae
- The academic and religious investigations into the photograph of a possible apparition in Portugal during Assumption 2003
- Politicizing the Virgin Mary (Skeptical Inquirer, Nov 2002 (Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal)
- Anglo-Catholic (Church of England) website for the 'Society of Mary'
- Apologetics Index research resources on Mariology
- Page on Pareidolia (the illusion or misperception involving a vague or obscure stimulus being perceived as something clear and distinct.)
- Website mentioning use of the image of Mary by US tobacco companies to promote cigarettes
- Anno Domini - Link on the designation of Mary as 'Our Lady' in the late middle ages in an era of 'courtly love'
- - The Virgin Mary 'An Example of Chastity' website
- BBC News report on Marian statue purportedly weeping blood
- Religious Tolerance webpage on Mary
- Right wing fringe US Catholic website based on 'apparitions' and 'prophesies' of Veronica Lueken
- Catholic Pages Directory entry on the Virgin Mary
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Blessed Virgin Mary."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
There have been a number of important women who have gone by the name Mary:Biblical Marys:
Historical Marys:
- Mary, the mother of Jesus
- Mary Magdalene
- Mary, sister of Lazarus
- Mary, mother of John Mark
- Mary (biblical, Romans 16:6)
See also:
- various Queen Marys
- Mary I of England
- Mary II of England
- Mary, Queen of Scots
- Mary of Hungary
- Typhoid Mary
Mary is Miriam in the Hebrew language.
- Mary programming language
In Japanese, Mary means, "eternal truth".
Quotation
In 1905, George M. Cohan wrote a song called "Mary" [1] which ended:
- For it is Mary, Mary,
- Plain as any name can be
- But with propriety,
- Society will say Marie
- But it was Mary, Mary,
- Long before the fashions came
- And there is something
- There that sounds so fair,
- It's a grand old name
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mary."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In addition to Biblical Marys such as Virgin Mary, Mary Magdalene, and Lazarus's sister Mary, a Mary is mentioned in Romans 16:6. She is said to have treated Paul the Apostle with special kindness, and to have "laboured much among" the Roman Church.Although it has been conjectured that she is the same person as the mother of John Mark, this is generally considered to be unproven.
See also Mary for other famous people named Mary, from the Bible and beyond.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mary (biblical, Romans 16:6)."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Mary Boleyn (~1500 - 1543) is not as well known as her (probably younger) sister, Anne. (The year of Mary's birth is uncertain and is probably either 1500 or 1504.) Mary was the mistress of two kings, Francis I of France and then Henry VIII of England. She was married twice to members of Henry's court and bore children who were in Elizabeth I of England's court.
Mary's early life was punctuated by a brief enrolment in a "finishing school" in 1512, but after a year Mary became a Maid of Honour to Louis XII of France's new queen, Mary Tudor. While many of the queen's English maids were ordered to leave France, Mary Boleyn was permitted to remain, possibly because of her youth. When Mary Tudor left France after Louis' death in 1515, Mary Boleyn stayed in the court of the new king and queen, Francis I and Claude. Eventually, Mary became Francis's mistress, the king calling her "my English mare" in his later years. Her sister Anne and her father joined her in France, he having become the French Ambassador.
Mary and Anne were introduced to King Henry VIII of England in 1520 at "The Field of the Cloth of Gold" by their father, and Mary caught the eye of the king and became part of his court and, later, his mistress. She may have had a child by him; if so, Henry did not acknowledge it. Shortly after going back to England, Mary married William Carey, a courtier. Because of the favour in which she was held by the king, Mary's father gained more wealth and power. Mary's sister was called back to England in 1522, and it is uncertain how much effect either sister had on the rising fortunes of their father. By 1527, Henry favored Anne over Mary, and in 1528 Mary's husband died.
Having fallen out of favour with the king, and no longer of use to her father, Mary received none of her deceased husband's wealth or lands. Custody of her son went to Anne, and he was transferred to a religious school well away from Mary. Anne eventually convinced their father that Mary should receive an annual income, and when Anne became queen in 1532, Mary became one of Anne's companions. In 1534, Mary secretly married Sir William Stafford, an usher of no rank and small income. When this was discovered in 1536, her family disowned her for marrying beneath her station, and the couple was banished from the Court. Because of this, Mary survived the trials that resulted in the execution of Anne and her brother George on charges of treason (they were accused of incest) and lived out the rest of her days in anonymity with her husband.
Fiction
Mary is the subject of The Other Boleyn Girl (2002), an award-winning novel by Philippa Gregory.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mary Boleyn."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Mary "Mary Carey" Cook (born June 15, 1981) is an American erotic actress, born in Cleveland, Ohio. Carey has always loved to perform and be the center of attention. Carey moved to Florida when she was 7. Carey studied ballet and dance until she was 19 years old. At 19, Carey decided to try to join her college dance team. After being part of the college dance team for a year, she tried stripping.Carey loved being naked so much she started to think about becoming a featured adult entertainer in the adult industry, shortly thereafter becoming a established erotic actress. Carey has been in numerous adult magazines, adult TV shows, adult internet sites, and adult movies. Her years of ballet paid off because now she can perform well with stage presence and flexibility and she can actually dance.
During the 2003 California recall, Mary Cook was an independent candidate, placing tenth in a field of 135 candidates.
Statistics
- Height: 5'9"
- Measurements: 36DD-24-36
- Weight: 130 lbs.
- Dress Size: 3
- Shoe Size: 9 1/2
Favorites
- Color: Red
- Movie: Any Given Sunday
- Actor: Al Pacino
- Actress: Pamela Anderson
- Foods: Ice Cream & Pizza
- Sex Position: On Top
- Sex Toy: Pocket Rocket
- Turn On In Guy: Sense Of Humor
External links
- Mary Carey official site
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mary Carey."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Queen Mary I of England (February 18, 1516- November 17, 1558 - reigned July 19, 1553 - November 17, 1558) was born in the royal Palace of Placentia in Greenwich, London, the daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon, the only one from that union to survive infancy. She is commonly known as Bloody Mary. She was alienated from her father, however, during his divorce (it was not a divorce in the modern sense, but an annulment) from her mother. As her parents' marriage was deemed null and void, Mary was then deemed illegitimate and thus deprived for a time of her status as an heir to the throne. By the time of Henry's death, however, she had been restored as second in line to the throne, after her half-brother Edward, who was physically weak.
Queen Mary I
Queen of England, Ireland and FranceIt was not until 1553 that Edward died, however, by which time Protestantism had gained such ground that a rival claimant to the throne was put forward, Mary's cousin Lady Jane Grey. Public sympathy remained with Mary, and she soon overcame resistance to her accession. By July 19 Jane Grey had been deposed and Mary was the undisputed Queen. Her official coronation came on November 30, 1553 .It is generally believed that Mary would have spared Jane's life if it had not been for the intervention of the Spanish diplomats who conditioned Mary's marriage to their king on her executing Jane.
Mary had always rejected the break with Rome that her father had instituted and the establishment of the Anglican Church that had flowed from her half-brother's protestantism, and now she tried to turn England back to Roman Catholicism. This effort was carried out by force, and a number of Protestant leaders were executed. The first was John Rogers, followed notably by the former Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Cranmer. This earned the queen the title of Bloody Mary. Modern scholars have pointed out that fewer Protestants died under Mary than Catholics under Mary's half-sister and successor Elizabeth but admit that, averaged over the lengths of their reigns, the Marian death toll was indeed higher. Her restoration of Catholicism was remarkably successful in some ways: Where only one bishop -- John Fisher of Rochester -- had resisted Henry's changes to the point that Henry had him executed, most of Mary's bishops refused to conform to the restored Protestantism under Elizabeth I and died under house arrest.
Mary also set in motion currency reform to counteract the dramatic devaluation of the currency that characterized the last few years of Henry VIII's reign and the reign of Edward VI. Mary's deep religious convictions also inspired her to institute social reforms, although these were largely unsuccessful. Her marriage to Philip II of Spain, in 1554, was unpopular even with her Catholic subjects; Philip spent little time with her once it became apparent she was beyond the possibility of conceiving a child. She was succeeded by her half-sister Elizabeth I, who quickly undid many of Mary's changes. She died at 42 of uterine or ovarian cancer.
Mary I of England is sometimes confused with her cousin Mary, Queen of Scots, who lived at the same time.
Many scholars trace the nursery rhyme "Mary, Mary, quite contrary" to her unpopular attempts to bring Roman Catholicism back to England, identfying the "cockle shells", for example, with the symbol of pilgrimage to the shrine of St. James in Spain and the "pretty maids all in a row" with nuns.
See also
- Palace of Beaulieu
Preceded by:
(Jane)List of British monarchs Succeeded by:
Elizabeth ISource: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mary I of England."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Mary I of Scotland (Mary Stuart or Stewart) (December, 1542 - February 8, 1587), also known as Mary, Queen of Scots was the ruler of Scotland from December 14, 1542 - July 24, 1567.
She was born at the Palace of Linlithgow, West Lothian, Scotland, on December 7 or December 8, 1542 to King James V of Scotland and his French wife, Marie of Guise. Mary, Queen of Scots is often confused with her second cousin once removed Mary I of England who lived at approximately the same time (1516 - 1558).
Mary I of Scotland
known as Mary, Queen of ScotsHer father died at the age of thirty, probably from cholera. The six-day-old Mary became Queen of Scotland, with James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Arran, the next in line for the throne, acting as regent (until 1554, when he was succeeded by the Queen's mother, who continued as regent until her own death in 1560). Six months after her birth, on July 1543, the Treaties of Greenwich promised Mary to be married to Henry VIII's son Edward in 1552, and for their heirs to inherit the Kingdoms of Scotland and England. Two months later, on September 9, 1543, she was formally crowned in Stirling Castle.
One year after Mary's birth, the Scottish parliament decided to pursue an alliance with France rather than England. In May 1544, Henry VIII began his "rough wooing" designed to impose the marriage to his son on Mary. This lasted until June 1551, costing over half a million pounds.
Following a formal agreement, in 1548, promising Mary in marriage to the French dauphin, a fleet rescued the five-year-old Mary from Dumbarton, taking her to France.
Life in France
Vivacious, pretty, and clever (according to contemporary accounts), Mary had a promising childhood. With her marriage agreement in place, she was sent to France in 1548, at the age of five, to be brought up for the next ten years at the French court. (She was accompanied by the "four Maries," four little girls her own age, all named Mary, and the daughters of the noblest families in Scotland: Beaton, Seton, Fleming, and Livingston.)In 1558 she married the dauphin, the heir to the French throne, who became Francis II of France. Under the ordinary laws of succession, Mary Stuart was also next in line to the English throne after her cousin, Queen Elizabeth I, who was childless. Although the anti-Catholic Act of Settlement would not be passed until 1701, the will of Henry VIII had excluded the Stuarts from succeeding to the English throne. The question of the succession was therefore a real one.
Francis II died in 1560, and Mary's mother-in-law, Catherine de Medici, became regent for his brother Charles IX. Under the terms of the Treaty of Edinburgh, made in June 1560 following the death of Marie of Guise, France undertook to withdraw troops from Scotland and recognise Elizabeth's right to rule England. The eighteen-year-old Mary, still in France, refused to ratify the treaty.
Return to Scotland
The young widow returned to Scotland soon after arriving in Leith on August 19, 1561. She was still only 19 and, despite her talents, her upbringing had in not given her the judgment to cope with the dangerous and complex political situation in the Scotland of the time. Religion had divided the people, and Mary's illegitimate brother, James Stewart, Earl of Moray, was a leader of the Protestant faction. Mary, being a devout Roman Catholic, was regarded with suspicion by many of her subjects as well as by Elizabeth I of England, her cousin and the monarch of the neighbouring Protestant country. The Protestant reformer John Knox preached against Mary, condemning her for hearing Mass, dancing, dressing too elaborately, and many other things.By 1561, Mary was having second thoughts about the wisdom of having crossed Elizabeth, and attempted to make up the breach by inviting her to visit Scotland. Elizabeth refused, and the bad blood remained between them. Mary then sent Maitland of Lethington as an ambassador to the English court to put the case for Mary as a potential heir to the throne. Elizabeth's response is said to have included the words, "As for the title of my crown, for my time I think she will not attain it." However, Mary, in her own letter to the Duke of Guise, reports other things that Maitland told her, including Elizabeth's supposed statement that, "I for my part know none better, nor that my self would prefer to her." Amongst other things, Elizabeth was mindful of the role Parliament would have to play in the matter.
In December 1561, arrangements were made for the two to meet, this time in England, but Elizabeth changed her mind. The meeting had been fixed for York "or another town" in August or September. However, in July, Elizabeth sent Sir Henry Sidney to call it off, because of the civil war in France. In 1563, Elizabeth made another attempt to neutralise Mary by suggesting she marry Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, whom Elizabeth trusted and thought she could control. Dudley being a Protestant, this would have solved a double problem for Elizabeth. She sent an ambassador to tell Mary that, if she would marry someone (as yet unnamed) of Elizabeth's choosing, Elizabeth would "proceed to the inquisition of her right and title to be our next cousin and heir". This proposal was rejected.
In 1565, Mary unexpectedly married Henry Stewart, Lord Darnley, a descendant of King Henry VII of England and Mary's first cousin. Before long, Mary became pregnant, but Darnley soon became arrogant, insisting on power to go with his courtesy title of "King". He was jealous of Mary's friendship with her private secretary, David Rizzio, and, in a conspiracy with other noblemen, murdered Rizzio while he was in conference with the queen at the Palace of Holyroodhouse. This was the catalyst for the breakdown of their marriage. On one occasion, he attacked Mary and unsuccessfully attempted to cause her to miscarry their unborn child.
Following the birth of the heir - the future James I of England and James VI of Scotland - in June 1566, Mary began a liaison with James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell, an adventurer who would become her third husband. A plot was hatched to remove Darnley, who was already ill (possibly suffering from syphilis). He was recuperating in a house in Edinburgh where Mary visited him frequently, so that it appeared a reconciliation was in prospect. In February 1567, an explosion occurred in the house, and Darnley was found dead in the garden; he appeared to have been strangled. This event, which should have been Mary's salvation, only harmed her reputation. Bothwell was generally believed to be guilty of the assassination, and was brought before a mock trial but acquitted. Shortly afterwards, he "abducted" Mary; the news that she had married him sealed her fate.
Another image of Mary, dressed in mourning white following the then recent death of her first husband.Arrested by a confederacy of Scottish nobles, Mary was imprisoned in Loch Leven Castle in June 1567. The castle is situated on an island in the middle of Loch Leven. Between July 18 and July 24, 1567, Mary miscarried twins at that castle. On July 24, she was also forced to abdicate the Scottish throne in favour of her one-year-old son James.
Escape to England
On May 2, 1568, she escaped from Loch Leven and once again managed to raise a small army. After her army's defeat at the Battle of Langside on May 13, she fled to England three days later, where she was imprisoned by Elizabeth on May 19. Eighteen years of confinement followed, much of it in the custody of George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury, and his redoubtable wife Bess of Hardwick, whose daughter married Mary's second husband's brother and produced one child, Arbella Stuart. Bothwell was imprisoned in Denmark, became insane, and died in 1578, still in prison.The "Casket Letters" were compromising letters, possibly forgeries, from Mary to Bothwell. They came into English hands in the course of a Scottish attempt to have Mary tried for her part in Darnley's murder. Elizabeth used them as an excuse for not bringing Mary to court. However, in 1570, Elizabeth was persuaded by the French to promise to help Mary regain her throne. As a pre-condition, she demanded the ratification of the Treaty of Edinburgh, something Mary would still not agree to. Nevertheless, William Cecil continued negotiations with Mary on Elizabeth's behalf. The two queens never met in person.
The Ridolfi Plot caused Elizabeth to think again. In 1572, Parliament, with the queen's encouragement, introduced a bill barring Mary from the throne. Elizabeth unexpectedly refused to give it the royal assent. The furthest she ever went was in 1584, when she introduced a document (the "Bond of Association") aimed at preventing any would-be successor from profiting from her murder. It was not legally binding, but was signed by thousands, including Mary herself.
Execution
Mary eventually became a liability Elizabeth could no longer tolerate because of numerous reports of plots (which some historians suspect were fabricated by Mary's enemies) to kill Elizabeth and replace her with Mary. Mary Stuart was executed at Fotheringhay Castle on February 8, 1587, on suspicion of having been involved in a plot - the Babington plot - to murder Elizabeth. She chose to wear red, thereby declaring hereself a Catholic martyr. The execution was badly carried out - the executioner was drunk and it took 3 blows to hack off her head.The two classic film biographies of Mary (neither of them so faithful to history as to get in the way of the story) are the 1936 Mary of Scotland starring Katharine Hepburn and Fredric March and the 1971 Mary, Queen of Scots starring Vanessa Redgrave (Oscar) and Nigel Davenport.
External link
Preceded by:
James VList of British monarchs Succeeded by:
James VISource: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mary I of Scotland."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Mary II (April 30, 1662 - December 28, 1694), Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland, was the daughter of King James II and Anne Hyde. She would become the wife of William of Orange, and together they ruled from February 13, 1689 until Mary's death on December 28,1694; their reign is usually known as that of "William and Mary".
Mary was born in London, the daughter of the then Duke of York and his first wife, Anne Hyde (whose father, Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon, was chief adviser to King Charles II. Mary and her younger sister, Anne, were brought up in the Protestant faith of their mother. They were the only children of this marriage to survive into adulthood, and were not considered likely ever to accede to the throne. However, following their mother's death, their father married the Roman Catholic Mary of Modena, which helped confirm him in his own Catholic faith. Following his accession to the throne on February 6,1685, concern grew that he planned to turn the clock back and restore Catholicism to Britain. When his second wife gave birth to a son and heir on June 10, 1688 (see James Francis Edward Stuart), the event added urgency to the popular movement to overthrow him.
Mary II
Queen of England, Ireland and ScotlandMary had, on November 4, 1677, married William of Orange, a Dutch Protestant prince. The English Parliament saw William as a suitable alternative to James II, who was deposed by the "Glorious Revolution" and went into exile. Mary was invited to take the throne, but she refused to do so unless her husband was named King as well. Parliament agreed and William and Mary became joint rulers - the only time this happened in British history. Mary had the legitimate claim of succession to the throne, while William had the armies of the Dutch republic to defend it.
On the continent William used England's forces to continue his long series of wars against Louis XIV of France. This kept him out of England for much of his reign. In his absence it was Mary who dealt with the court and parliament of England. She was a expert politician and her presence in Britain gave her husband a great deal of freedom to wage his wars. It is believed that their personal relationship was not a successful one. Mary's three pregnancies all ended in stillbirth.
Mary died of smallpox and the unpopular William reigned alone until his death. They are buried at Westminster Abbey.
King William was succeeded by Mary's younger sister, Anne.
See also British Monarchs
Links:
- A profile of Mary alongside other influential women of her time:http://www.guide2womenleaders.com/womeninpower/Womeninpower1670.htm
William and Mary preceded by:
James II of England/
James VII of ScotlandList of British monarchs
her husband William III who reigned on his ownSource: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mary II of England."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Mary (1457-1482), duchess of Burgundy, only child of Charles the Bold, duke of Burgundy, and his wife Isabella of Bourbon, was born on February 13 1457.As heiress of the rich Burgundian domains her hand was eagerly sought by a number of princes. When her father fell upon the field of Nancy, on January 5 1477, Mary was not yet twenty years of age. Louis XI of France seized the opportunity afforded by his rival's defeat and death to take possession of the duchy of Burgundy as a fief lapsed to the French crown, and also of Franche Comte, Picardy and Artois.
He was anxious that Mary should marry the Dauphin Charles and thus secure the inheritance of the Netherlands for his descendants. Mary, however, distrusted Louis; declined the French alliance, and turned to her Netherland subjects for help. She obtained the help only at the price of great concessions. On February 10 1477 she was compelled to sign a charter of rights, known as "the Great Privilege," by which the provinces and towns of the Netherlands recovered all the local and communal rights which had been abolished by the arbitrary decrees of the dukes of Burgundy in their efforts to create in the Low Countries a centralized state. Mary had to undertake not to declare war, make peace, or raise taxes without the consent of the States, and not to employ any but natives in official posts.
Such was the hatred of the people to the old regime that two influential councillors of Charles the Bold, the Chancellor Hugonet and the Sire d'Humbercourt, having been discovered in correspondence with the French king, were executed at Ghent despite the tears and entreaties of the youthful duchess. Mary now made her choice among the many suitors for her hand, and selected the archduke Maximilian of Austria, afterwards the emperor Maximilian I, and the marriage took place at Ghent on August 18 1477. Affairs now went more smoothly in the Netherlands, the French aggression was checked, and internal peace was in a large measure restored, when the duchess met her death by a fall from her horse on March 27 1482. Three children had been the issue of her marriage, and her elder son, Philip, succeeded to her dominions under the guardianship of his father.
Initial text from the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica. Please update as needed.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mary of Burgundy."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Mary of Hungary was the daughter of Louis I the Great of Hungary. Mary acceded to the throne in 1382. Her father had arranged that Sigismund of Luxembourg would marry one of the his daughters (Hedwig, who became Queen Jadwiga of Poland and Queen Mary of Hungary.)She was married to Sigismund and she died either in 1392 or 1395. In 1410 (after her death) Sigismund was elected Holy Roman Emperor.
Preceded by:
Louis I the Great of HungaryList of Hungarian rulers Succeeded by:
Charles II of HungarySource: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mary of Hungary."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Mary of Sicily (c 1370—1402), Queen of Sicily, was the daughter and heir of Frederick III "The Simple. As she was very young at the time of her father's death, her government was effectively taken over by four baronial families who styled themselves "vicars." In 1390 Mary was taken to Aragon where she was married to Martin "The Younger, the grandson of John II of Aragon. In 1392 Mary and Martin returned with a military force and successfully defeated the opposing barons, ruling jointly until Mary's death in 1402. At that time, Martin repudiated the Treaty of 1372 and ruled Sicily alone.See also: Monarchs of Naples and Sicily
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mary of Sicily."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Queen Mary, Princess Victoria Mary of Teck (May 26, 1867 - March 24, 1953), known popularly as "Princess May," was the Queen consort of King George V of the United Kingdom. She officially used the names "Victoria Mary" until her husband ascended the throne in 1910.Born Her Serene Highness Princess Victoria Mary Augusta Louise Olga Pauline Claudine Agnes of Teck at Kensington Palace, the daughter of the impoverished Francis, Duke of Teck, she was a great-granddaughter of King George III and a first cousin once removed of Queen Victoria. Her mother was Queen Victoria's first cousin, Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge, a rather short, vastly stout royal popularly and apparently happily known as "Fat Mary" ("The mob like fat people," Queen Victoria reportedly said of her 200-plus-pound cousin's ceaseless celebrity).
Despite her Serene Highness rank (her beloved father was the product of a morganatic marriage that left him questionably semi-royal), Princess Mary (May) of Teck was at first engaged, in 1891, to Prince "Eddy", Duke of Clarence, the elder son of the Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII of the United Kingdom). On Prince Eddy's sudden death, she became engaged to his younger brother, Prince George, who was duly created Duke of York. They were married on July 6, 1893, at St James's Palace.
Princess Mary had been brought up with a strong sense of duty and regarded her marriage in this light, having accepted Prince Eddy's proposal only because it was expected of her. She had far more in common with Prince George, and theirs was an exceptionally successful marriage, producing one daughter and five sons (the youngest, Prince John, an epileptic, died young, largely hidden from view and kept apart from the family), whom they raised very strictly. In 1901, on Edward VII's accession to the throne, her husband automatically became Duke of Cornwall and Duke of Rothesay, in addition to his other peerages. For six months the couple were known as the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York. On November 9, 1901, the new King created his son Prince of Wales and May became the Princess of Wales. When Edward died on May 6, 1910, they became King and Queen. They were crowned in Westminster Abbey on June 22, 1911. King George V and Queen Mary were subsequently crowned Emperor and Empress of India at New Delhi on December 11, 1911.
The Royal Family in 1913
''From left to right, King George V, Princess Mary,
Prince Edward (future Edward VIII) and Queen MaryWorld War I was an ordeal for the British Royal Family, because of its German connections. Queen Mary, in particular, had spent much of her childhood in Germany and remained in contact with her German relations for much of the war. The King suffered from recurring illnesses after 1928. He died in 1936. The widowed Queen Mary, now a Queen Mother, attempted to dissuade her eldest son, Edward VIII of the United Kingdom, from marrying Wallis Simpson and abdicating the throne. She found her failure difficult to accept and refused to receive Wallis even after their marriage. She lived on to see her second son, George VI of the United Kingdom, make a success of his reign. In a show of family solidarity following the Abdication Crisis, Queen Mary attended the coronation of George VI and Queen Elizabeth at Westminster Abbey in May 1937. In doing so, she broke a centuries old custom that English (and later British) queens dowager did not attend the coronations of their successors.
Following the death of husband, Queen Mary moved from Buckingham Palace to Marlborough House, formerly the London residence of her widowed mother-in-law, Queen Alexandra from 1910 to 1925. During World War II, she lived at Badminton with the Duke of Beaufort. The duchess was her niece, the former Lady Mary Cambridge (1897-1987), elder daughter of Adolphus, 2nd Duke of Teck and 1st Marquess of Cambridge).
On George VI's death in 1952, Queen Mary's eldest granddaughter came to the throne as Queen Elizabeth II, but she did not survive to see the coronation in the following year. She died in London on March 24, 1953, and was buried next to her husband in St. George's Chapel, Windsor. Queen Mary was regarded as the matriarch of the royal family; her funeral and lying-in-state created unprecedented scenes of public mourning.
It is said that E. M. Forster once bowed to the cake at a wedding reception when he mistook it for Queen Mary. One of the queen's godsons, Sir Michael Duff, did a killingly funny imitation of her, in full drag, and once, to his surprise, Sir Michael bumped into the queen when he was in full Marian costume. The queen reportedly took no notice, greetly him warmly, and walked on.
Queen Mary's titles from birth to death were as follows:
As the mother of Edward VIII and George VI of the United Kingdom, Queen Mary was a queen mother. As the widow of George V, she was also a queen dowager. However, she was never official styled as such. Instead, she was styled "Her Majesty Queen Mary" from her husband's ascension to the throne until her death in 1953.
- Her Serene Highness Princess Victoria Mary of Teck (May 26, 1867 to July 6, 1893)
- Her Royal Highness The Duchess of York (July 6, 1893 to January 22, 1901)
- Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Cornwall and York (January 22-November 9, 1901)
- Her Royal Highness The Princess of Wales (November 9, 1901 to May 6, 1910)
- Her Majesty Queen Mary (May 6, 1910 to March 24, 1953)
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mary of Teck."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A rather strange programming language perpetrated by something called RUNIT at Trondheim, Norway in the 1970s. It was what would now be called Object-oriented in the tradition of Simula, but in some ways was quite a low level language.Expressions were done using the conventional infix operators, but all operators had the same precedence and expressions were evaluated from left to right unless there were brackets. Assignment looked particularly odd to most programmers, with the destination on the right, since assignment was just another operator. There were several language features that appear to have existed to allow programmers to produce reasonably well optimised code with what must have been a very primitive code generator in the compiler. These included operators similar to the += etc in C, explicit register declarations for variables, and things even more bizarre than that.
A book describing Mary was printed in 1974. At that date it appears there were working (but not quite complete) compilers for two different Norwegian built minicomputers.
Mary is currently mantained by Kvatro Telecom AS.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mary programming language."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Mary Rodgers (born January 11, 1931) is a composer of musicals, an author of children's books, and daughter of Richard Rodgers. She also compiled the album Free to Be You and Me.Her son, Adam Guettel, by her second husband, Henry, is a musical theatre composer.
Her musical works include:
Her children's books include:
- 1959 Once Upon a Mattress
- 1966 The Mad Show
- Freaky Friday
- Summer Switch
- A Billion for Boris
- ESP TV
- The Rotten Book
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mary Rodgers."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
[Disambiguation: This article is about Mary Tudor, queen consort of France. For Mary Tudor, queen regnant of England, see Mary I of England.]
Mary Tudor (March 28, 1496 - June 25, 1533), was the youngest daughter of Henry VII of England. She married first Louis XII of France, but he died less than three months after they were married. Not long afterwards she married Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk (the couple is pictured at right). This greatly angered her brother Henry VIII but he soon forgave them, though he fined them heavily.
Lady Jane Grey was their granddaughter. Mary's brother Henry VIII of England named his daughter, the future Queen Mary, after her. His warship, the Mary Rose, was also named in her honor.
Her English contemporaries frequently referred to Mary as 'the French Queen'.
References
- Mary Tudor, the White Queen, by W.C. Richardson
- Lady Jane Grey and the House of Suffolk, by Alison Plowden, ISBN 0531150003
A fictionalized version of Mary's marital adventures is the 1953 film The Sword and the Rose starring Richard Todd and Glynis Johns.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mary Tudor."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Mary the mother of John Mark, was one of the earliest of Jesus's disciples. She was the sister of Barnabas (Col. 4:10), and joined with him in disposing of their land and giving the proceeds of the sale into the treasury of the early Christian Church (Acts 4:37; 12:12). Her house in Jerusalem was the common meeting-place for the disciples there.Initial text from Easton's Bible Dictionary, 1897 -- Please update as needed
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mary, mother of John Mark."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood (25 April 1897 - 28 March 1965) was the third child and only daughter of King George V and Queen Mary. In January 1931, following the death of her aunt, Princess Louise, Princess Mary was created Princess Royal, a title which she held until her death. She was the sixth holder of that title.1Her Royal Highness The Princess Victoria Alexandra Alice Mary, GBE, CI, GCStJ, GCVO was born at York Cottage, Sandringham, to the then Duke and Duchess of York (later King George V and Queen Mary). Born during Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee, she was named after her paternal great grandmother, her paternal grandmother, the then Princess of Wales (later Queen Alexandra), and her maternal grandmother, Princess Mary Adelaide, Duchess of Teck. She was always known by the last of Christian names, Mary. Princess Mary was educated by governesses, but shared some of lessons with her brothers, Prince Edward (later Edward VIII), Prince Albert (later George VI), and Prince Henry (later Duke of Gloucester). She became fluent in German and French and developed a life-long interest in horses and horse racing. Her first state appearance was at the coronation of her parents at Westminster Abbey in June 1911.2
During World War I, Princess Mary visited hospitals and welfare organizations with her mother, assisting with projects to comfort to British servicemen and assistance to their families. One of these projects was Princess Mary's Christmas Gift Fund, through which £100,000 worth of gifts were sent to all British soldiers and sailors for Christmas 1914. She took an active role in promoting the Girl Guides movement, the VADs, and the "Land Girls." In 1918, she took a nursing course and went to work at Great Ormond Street Hospital. King George V created her Dame Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (civil division) on 3 June 1917. She received the Imperial Order of the Crown of India (CI) on 25 April 1919 and the Dame Grand Cross of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem (GCStJ) on 12 May 1926. Her brother, George VI, created her Dame Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (GCVO) on 11 May 1947. She also held the family orders of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth II.
On 28 February 1922, Princess Mary married Henry Charles George, Viscount Lascelles, K.G. (9 September 1882-23 May 1947), the elder son of Henry Lascelles, 5th Earl of Harewood, and Lady Florence Bridgeman. Their wedding at Westminster Abbey was the first royal occassion in which Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (later Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother), a friend of Princess Mary's and one of the bridesmaids, participated. She and her husband made their home in Yorshire, first at Goldborough, and later at Harewood House. She took a keen interest in the interior decaration of Harewood House, the Lascelles family's seat, and in farming pursuing, becoming an expert in cattle breeding.
Princess Mary's public duties reflected her concerns with nursing, the Girl Guide movement, and the Women's Services. She became honorary president of the British Girl Guide Association in 1920, a position she held until her death. In 1926, she became the commandant-in-chief of the British Red Cross Detachments. Earlier, in 1918, she became the colonel-in-chief of The Royal Scots (the Royal Regiment). In 1935, she became colonel-in-chief of the Royal Signal Corps and in 1947, she became colonel-in-chief of West Yorkshire Regiment (later amalgamated with The East Yorkshire Regiment (The Duke of York's Own) to form the Prince of Wales' Own Yorksire Regiment in 1958). She also served as colonel-in-chief of the Indian Corps of Signals (1936-1950), the Royal Austrailian Corps of Signals (1937-65), the Canadian Scottish Regiment (Princess Mary's, 1930-1965), the Royal New Zealand Corps of Signals (1940-1965), and several other Commonwealth regiments.
Princess Mary and Lord Lascelles had two sons:
On 6 October 1929, Lord Lascelles, who had been created a Knight of the Garter upon his marriage, succeeded his father as 6th Earl of Harewood, Viscount Lascelles, and Baron Harewood. The couple's elder son assumed courtesy title of Viscount Lascelles. On 1 January 1932, George V declared that his only daughter should bear the title Princess Royal.
- George Lascelles, 7th Earl of Harewood (7 February 1923-); m. 1949 (1) Mairon Stein (10 October 1926-), daughter of Edwin Stein, and had issue (divorced 1967); 1967 (2) Patricia Elizabeth Tuckwell (24 November1926-), daughter of Charles Tuckwell, and has issue.
- The Honorable Gerald Lascelles (21 August 1924-27 February1998); m. 1952 (1) Angela Dowling (20 April1919-), and had issue (divorced 1978); (2) Elizabeth Colvin (24 April 1924-), the daughter of Brigadier Sydney Collingwood, and has issue.
The Princess Royal was particularly close to her eldest brother. After the abdication crisis, she and her husband went to stay with the former Edward VIII, by then created Duke of Windsor, at Enzenfeld Castle near Vienna. In November 1947, she declined to attend the wedding her niece, the future Queen Elizabeth II, and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, to protest the fact that the Duke of Windsor had not been invited.
At the outbreak of World War II, the Princess Royal became chief controller and later controller commandant of the Auxiliary Territorial Service (ATS, renamed the Women's Royal Army Corp in 1949). In that capacity she travelled Britain visiting its units, as well as wartime canteens and other welfare organizations. On the death of her younger brother, the Duke of Kent, she became the president of Papworth. The Princess Royal became air chief commandant of Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Service in 1950 and received the honorary rank of general in the British Army in 1956.
After her husband's death in 1947, the Princess Royal lived at Harewood House with her elder son and his family. She became the chancellor of Leeds University in 1951, and continued to carry out official duties at home and abroad. She attended the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II in June 1953 and later represented the Queen at the independence celebrations of Trinidad in 1962 and Zambia in 1964. One of her last official enagements was to represent the Queen at the funeral of Queen Louise of Sweden (formerly Lady Louise Mountbatten) in early March 1964.
The Princess Royal suffered a fatal heart attack during a walk with her elder son, Lord Harewood, and his children on the grounds of the Harewood House estate. She was buried at Harewood after a private family funeral at York Minister.
Sources
Ronald Allison and Sarah Riddell, eds., The Royal Encyclopedia (London: Macmillan, 1991).
"Honors List, New Princess Royal, Public Service Awards," The Times, 1 January 1932, p. 11, column E.
"The Princess Royal An Active, Unobtrusive, And Purposeful Life," The Times, 26 March 1965, p. 14, column A.
Footnotes
1 Princess Mary's original surname may have been Wettin. Her paternal great grandmother, Queen Victoria, was the last British monarch of the House of Hanover. When her paternal grandfather, King Edward VII, ascended the throne in January 1901, the name of the British Royal House changed to the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. In June 1917, King George V adopted Windsor as the name of the British Royal House and the surname of all descendants of Queen Victoria who were British subjects, excluding females who married and their descendants. Princess Mary's surname was Windsor until her marriage, whereupon it changed to Lascelles.
2 The Princess Royal's exact titles and styles changed serveral times in her lifetime. From birth to death, she was styled as follows:
- Her Highness Princess Mary of York (25 April 1897 to 27 May 1898)
- Her Royal Highness Princess Mary of York (27 May 1898 to 22 January 1901)
- Her Royal Highness Princess Mary of Cornwall and York (22 January to 9 November 1901)
- Her Royal Highness Princess Mary of Wales (9 November 1901 to 6 May 1910)
- Her Royal Highness The Princess Mary (6 May 1910 to 22 February 1922)
- Her Royal Highness The Princess Mary, Viscountess Lascelles (22 February 1922 to 6 October 1929)
- Her Royal Highness The Princess Mary, Countess of Harewood (6 October 1929 to 1 January 1932)
- Her Royal Highness The Princess Royal (1 January 1932 to 28 March 1965)
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mary, Princess Royal."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In the Bible, Mary the sister of Lazarus appears in connection with the visits of Jesus to Bethany. She is contrasted with her sister Martha, who was "cumbered about many things" while Jesus was their guest, while Mary had chosen "the good part." Her character also appears in connection with the death of her brother (John 11:20,31,33). On the occasion of Jesus's last visit to Bethany, Mary brought "a pound of ointment of spikenard, very costly, and anointed the feet of Jesus" as he reclined at table in the house of one Simon, who had been a leper (Matt. 26:6; Mark 14:3; John 12:2,3). This was an evidence of her overflowing love to the Lord.It would appear from this act of Mary's, and from the circumstances that they possessed a family vault (11:38) and that a large number of Jews from Jerusalem came to condole with them on the death of Lazarus (11:19), that this family at Bethany belonged to the wealthier class of the people.
To Protestants, nothing is known of her apart from that. To Catholics, this Mary is also St. Mary Magdalene of whom both the Bible and legends apart from it tell more.
Initial text from Easton's Bible Dictionary, 1897. Please update as needed.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mary, sister of Lazarus."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In Christianity, Mary is the mother (by God) of Jesus Christ and the betrothed of Joseph. Mary is mentioned by name in each of the Gospels except the Gospel of John. It is generally agreed that she was a young woman when she first became a mother, and that she died between 3 and 15 years after the crucifixion of Jesus. Christian theology holds that Jesus was a virgin birth. She is often called the Virgin Mary, Mother of God, Our Lady (Notre Dame, Nuestra Señora), Theotokos, or Madonna, in addition to being given many other titles. She is also widely known to Catholics as St. Mary, Mother of the Church, Queen of All Saints, Queen of Angels, and Queen of Heaven.While she resided at Nazareth with her parents, while betrothed to Joseph, the angel Gabriel announced to her that she was to be the mother of the promised Messiah while remaining a virgin (Luke 1:35). After this she went to visit her cousin Elisabeth, who was living with her husband Zacharias (probably at Juttah, Josh. 15:55; 21:16, in the neighbourhood of Maon), at a considerable distance, about 100 miles, from Nazareth. Immediately on entering the house she was saluted by Elisabeth as the mother of her Lord, and then forthwith gave utterance to her hymn of thanksgiving (Luke 1:46-56; comp. 1 Sam. 2:1-10). (This hymn is commonly known as the Magnificat.) After three months Mary returned to Nazareth to her own home. Joseph was told in a dream (Matt. 1:18-25) of her condition, and took her to his own home. Soon after this the decree of [[Augustus Caesar| Augustus]] (Luke 2:1) required that they should proceed to Bethlehem (Micah 5:2), some 80 or 90 miles from Nazareth; and while they were there they found shelter in the inn provided for strangers (Luke 2:6, 7). But as the inn was crowded, Mary had to retire to a place among the cattle, and there she brought forth her son, who was called Jesus (Matt. 1:21), because he was to save his people from their sins. This was followed by the presentation in the temple, the flight into Egypt, and their return in the following year and residence at Nazareth (Matt. 2). Mary apparently remained in Nazareth for thirty uneventful years. During these years only one event in the history of Jesus is recorded, viz., his going up to Jerusalem when twelve years of age, where he was found among the doctors in the temple (Luke 2:41-52). Probably also during this period Joseph died, for he is not mentioned again.
Mary was also present at the inauguration of Jesus' public ministry when, at the marriage in Cana, her intercession led to the first public miracle performed by Jesus (John 2:1-11). After this point, there is little mention of Mary in the Gospels until we find her at the cross along with her sister Mary, and Mary Magdalene, and Salome, and other women (John 19:26). Mary cradling the dead body of her son is a common motif in art, called a pietà.
Of the roughly 100 people in the upper room after the Ascension on the day of Pentecost, she is one of the handful who are named (Acts 1:14). From this time she wholly disappears from the historical biblical accounts, although it is held by many Christians that she is again portrayed as the heavenly Woman of Revelation (Revelation 12.1).
Her death is not recorded in Scripture. According to Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox tradition, between three and fifteen years after Christ's Ascension, in either Jerusalem or Ephesus, she died while surrounded by the apostles. Later when the apostles opened her tomb, they found it empty and concluded that she had been bodily assumed into Heaven. (A tomb in Jerusalem is attributed to Mary, but it was unknown until the 6th century.)
Beliefs
Immaculate Conception of Mary
The Immaculate Conception is a doctrine unique to the Roman Catholic Church, and is rejected by both Eastern Orthodoxy and by Protestantism, albeit for very different reasons.
Veneration of Mary
Both Catholics and Orthodox Christians venerate Mary by praying to her: kneeling in front of her images (statues, in the case of most Catholics, and icons in the case of the Orthodox), and entreating her aid. Both Catholics and Orthodox make a clear distinction between such veneration (which is also due to the other saints) and worship, which is due to God alone. Mary, they point out, is not in herself divine, and has only such powers to help as are granted to her by God in response to her prayers. Roman Catholicism distinguishes three forms of honour: "latria", due only to God, and usually translated by the English word adoration; "hyperdulia", accorded only to the Blessed Virgin Mary, usually translated simply as veneration; and "dulia", accorded to the rest of the saints, also usually translated as veneration.Others, both Christians and non-Christians, reject the distinction between veneration and worship, and consider all these practices to be idolatry or unlawful worship.
Even some early Protestants venerated Mary. Martin Luther said Mary is "the highest woman", that "we can never honour her enough", that "the veneration of Mary is inscribed in the very depths of the human heart", and that we should "wish that everyone know and respect her". Veneration of Mary was later, not primarily but secondarily, rejected as a result of iconoclasm and disbelief in human mediators (intercessors).
Virgin Birth of Jesus
The Apostles Creed and Nicene Creed both refer to Mary as "the Virgin Mary". This alludes to the belief that Mary conceived Jesus through the action of God the Holy Spirit, and not through normal intercourse with Joseph or anyone else. That she was a virgin at this time is affirmed by Eastern Christianity, Roman Catholicism and by many Protestants (though not by all Protestants).Historic Christianity, including modern-day Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy, teaches that she was a virgin before, during, and after giving birth to Jesus. Islam also takes this position, which is stated explicitly in the Qur'an. Some Protestants also hold this view, while many others believe that she was a virgin when she gave birth to Jesus, but that she later was not and had other children with Joseph the Betrothed. Catholics and Orthodox explain references to Jesus' brothers as either cousins, or as half brothers who were Joseph's children by a prior marriage.
Persons who are neither Christians nor Muslims generally doubt that Mary was a virgin when she gave birth to Jesus.
The Gospel of Matthew describes Mary as a virgin who fulfilled the prophecy of Isaiah 7:14. The passage in Isaiah, in the Hebrew Masoretic Text, stated that a young woman would give birth to the Messiah. Some scholars believe that the Greek language Septuagint, which the author of Matthew would have used as his Bible, mistranslated the Hebrew word for young woman, "almah", into the Greek word "parthenos", meaning virgin. This suggests that the origin of the belief that Mary was a virgin derived from an attempt by Matthew at describing the fulfillment of a prophecy that was actually not made. However, many scholars find evidence that the Septuagint was translated from a different Hebrew text that has since been lost, based on comparisons between existing Masoretic texts, Septuagint texts, Dead Sea Scrolls, and some Samaritan texts. If so, then it is impossible to compare the Septuagint with the Hebrew text its translators used, and it remains possible that the Septuagint has an equally valid translation of Isaiah's prophecy.
In the academic community, controversy surrounds the interpretation of this passage. According to almost all non-Christian biblical scholars, many liberal Christian biblical scholars, and also according to Jewish tradition, the prophecy only describes events during the rule of King Ahaz of Judea. The prophet is giving information to the King about an event that will soon be made known to him. The text is clearly not about someone being born centuries later. However, soon after the development of Christianity a new way to read this text was born, one in which Isaiah was not only giving prophetic comfort to his peers, but was also cryptically forecasting the coming Messiah.
St. Irenaeus of Lyons observed in the second century that the Jews themselves translated the word "virgin" well before the time of Jesus; he attributes the translation "young woman" to Theodotian the Ephesian and Aquila of Pontus, both Jewish proselytes who published new translations of the Tanakh in the second century. Thus the universal acceptance of it in the Jewish community as meaning "young woman" apparently came about in response to the development of Christianity. Irenaeus reinterprets many prophecies by David, Moses, and Daniel as also predicting a virgin birth, and demonstrates why the messiah could not be born of Joseph (Against Heresies, Book III, Chapter 21.). Jews and Christians have disagreed about the interpretation of these and other prophecies since the birth of Christianity.
Perpetual Virginity
That Mary remained a virgin after the birth of Jesus has been accepted by most Christians until comparatively recent times. Of the early fathers of the Church, only Tertullian seems to have questioned the teaching. Both the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches insist on it, as do Muslims. The most prominent leaders of the Reformation, Luther, Zwingli, and Calvin also defended the perpetual virginity of Mary against those who questioned it.Later generations of Protestants, however, abandoned the traditional teaching, citing references to "brothers" of Jesus Christ in the New Testament. Defenders of the teaching, including John Calvin, have pointed out that Aramaic, the language spoken by Christ and his disciples, lacked a specific word for "cousin," so that the word "brother" was used instead.
Dormition and Assumption
The belief in the corporeal assumption of Mary was formally declared to be dogma by Pope Benedict XIV in the encyclical De Festis B.V.M.; Roman Catholics must therefore hold the doctrine as being necessary to salvation. Pope Pius XII, in Munificentissimus Deus [1], reiterated "We pronounce, declare, and define it to be a divinely revealed dogma: that the Immaculate Mother of God, the ever Virgin Mary, having completed the course of her earthly life, was assumed body and soul into heavenly glory." The establishment of this dogma as "necessary to salvation" is widely taken to be an example of the Pope's invoking papal infallibility. The Feast of the Assumption is celebrated on August 15.At the time that this dogma was promulgated, there was a strong sentiment among many Catholics that the immaculately conceived and sinless Mother of God would not have suffered death (which is "the wages of sin"), but was instead taken up alive into heaven like Elijah the Prophet. For this reason, the dogma was deliberately so worded ("when the course of her earthly life was finished") as to allow faithful Catholics to believe either hypothesis: that Mary was assumed bodily into heaven without dying, or that her incorrupt body was assumed into heaven after her death.
Judging from the sources quoted in Munificentissimus Deus, Pius XII himself almost certainly rejected the notion of Mary's "immortality" (the idea that she never suffered death) in favor of the more widely accepted understanding that her assumption took place after her physical death.
The tradition of the Eastern Orthodox Church holds that Mary died, and that after her death and burial, she was resurrected and taken up bodily into heaven. This two-fold event is celebrated as the Dormition ("falling asleep") of the Theotokos. The Feast of the Dormition is celebrated on August 15, and is preceded by a fourteen day fast from meat and dairy products, the third longest fast of the liturgical year after Great Lent and Winter Lent. Despite the great importance of this feast in the Orthodox liturgical calendar, it is not, as in the Catholic Church, considered a matter of dogma, since it has not been formally defined by any ecumenical council accepted by the Orthodox.
For Orthodox and Catholics alike, Mary's assumption is seen as a concrete and present instance of the resurrection of the body; a belief asserted by virtually all Christians in the creeds, yet often replaced in the popular imagination by a more shadowy spiritual immortality.
Theotokos
At the Third Ecumenical council, the Council of Ephesus, it was decided that it was entirely appropriate to refer to Mary as the Theotokos, a Greek word which can be translated as "God bearer" or "Mother of God." This was to emphasize that Mary's child, Jesus Christ, was in fact God. She is often referred to as "Theotokos" in Eastern Orthodox hymns. She is also one of the most highly venerated saints in both the Roman Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox Church; several major feast days are devoted to her each year. (See Liturgical year.) Protestants have generally been less enthusiastic about the cult of the Virgin than their Catholic and Orthodox cousins, often arguing that if too much attention is focussed on Mary, there is a danger of detracting from the worship due to God alone.Some non-Christians, particularly followers of Wicca, link Mary to the Earth Mother of various Neo-pagan traditions. Some Buddhists have even been known to link Mary to Kwan-Yin of various Chinese Buddhist faiths.
See also
- Blessed Virgin Mary
- The Virgin Mary shrines
- Marian apparitions
- Theotokos
- Immaculate Conception
External Link
Further reading
- Jaroslav Pelikan, Mary Through the Centuries: Her Place in the History of Culture, Yale University Press, 1998, hardcover, 240 pages ISBN 0300069510; trade paperback, 1998, 240 pages, ISBN 0300076614
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Mary, the mother of Jesus."
Synonyms: MarySynonyms: Madonna (n), The Virgin (n), Virgin Mary (n). (additional references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | His friends would say stop whining, they've had enough of that; His friends would say stop pining, there's other girls to look at; They've tried to set him up with Tiffany and Indigo; But there's something about Mary that they don't know; Mary, there's just something about Mary (There's Something About Mary; writing credit: Ed Decter; John J. Strauss) There'll be no locks or bolts between us, Mary Kate except those in your own mercenary little heart (The Quiet Man; writing credit: Frank S. Nugent; Maurice Walsh) Sister Mary Francis (Who Framed Roger Rabbit; writing credit: Gary K. Wolf; Jeffrey Price) You goddamned communist heathen, you had best sound off that you love the Virgin Mary, or I'm gonna stomp your guts out (Full Metal Jacket; writing credit: Gustav Hasford; Michael Herr) In the quiet words of the Virgin Mary come again (Snatch.; writing credit: Guy Ritchie) | |
Lyrics | Proud Mary keep on burnin', (PROUD MARY; performing artist: Creedence Clearwater Revival) Now Joseph and his wife, Mary, came to Bethlehem that night, (Mary's Boy Child/Oh My Lord; performing artist: Boney M) Mary Anne and Wanda were the best of friends ("Goodbye Earl"; performing artist: Dixie Chicks) Mary got pregnant from a kid named Tom that said he was in love (What It's Like; performing artist: Everlast) A little bit of Mary all night long (Mambo No. 5 (a little bit of ...); performing artist: Lou Bega) | |
Clever | Definition of a Transvestite: A guy who likes to eat, drink, and be Mary! (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Death to Sister Mary (1974) Dirty Mary Crazy Larry (1974) La Mary (1974) Das Geheimnis der Mary Celeste (1972) Mary Jane (1972) | |
Song Titles | Proud Mary (performing artist: Ike & Tina Turner) What Will Mary Say (performing artist: Johnny Mathis) Hello Mary Lou (performing artist: Ricky Nelson) Along Comes Mary (performing artist: The Association) Mary Jane's Last Dance (performing artist: Tom Petty & The Heartbreakers) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References | |||
Books |
| ||
Periodicals |
| ||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
High Tech |
| ||
Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Historical marker of Convent of Mary Immaculate (1878), whose Sisters nursed yellow fever victims. Key West, Florida. Credit: CDC. |  | Rear Admiral Leo O. Colbert pinning wings on daughter Mary Lou Colbert became member of Army Women's Ferry Command. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |
 | Mary Hollinger at Parkers Creek, off Chesapeake Bay, in the American Chestnut Land Trust Area. Credit: America's Coastlines. |  | Volunteers helping clean up the wetlands and waterfront area around Fort McHenry in Baltimore Harbor. Local NOAA personnel turned out in force for this event including Mary Hollinger, on right in this photo. Credit: America's Coastlines. |
 | Etisus splendidus, sp. nov. In: "The Brachyura and Macrura of the Hawaiian Islands" by Mary J. Rathbun. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, Vol. XXIII, for 1903. Part III. P. 930. Plate III. Credit: Fisheries. |  | Charybdis Erthodactyla (Lamarck). In: "The Brachyura and Macrura of the Hawaiian Islands" by Mary J. Rathbun. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, Vol. XXIII, for 1903. Part III. P. 930. Plate IV. Credit: Fisheries. |
 | Mary Jane Pirri, a former NOAA scientist, monitors a lift net at the Sachuest Point Marsh. The marsh, in full summer, is lush and green. There is no evidence of the restoration work that took place just months earlier. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |  | Narragansett Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve Mary Carroll of the University of Rhode Island Zoology Department is flagging to determine the density of deer ticks. These ticks can be dangerous as they are carriers of Lyme disease. Credit: National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERR). |
 | A statue of the Virgin Mary on Isla Gorgona. Credit: Small World. |  | Airman 1st Class Mary Colin, Satellite Data Systems Operator. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Mary" by Loretta Humble Commentary: "My sister, Mary." | "Mary Statue" by Philip Jackson Commentary: "A statue of Mother Mary... in black and white. ." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Lady Mary Wortley Montagu | Nature is seldom in the wrong, custom always. |
| To always be loved one must ever be agreeable. | |
| A face is too slight a foundation for happiness. | |
| No modest man ever did or ever will make a fortune. | |
Mary Baker Eddy | Reject hatred without hating. |
| Truth is immortal; error is mortal. | |
Mary Queen Of Scots | No one provokes me with impunity. |
Mary Stuart | In my end is my beginning. |
| No more tears now; I will think upon revenge. | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
The Emancipation Proclamation | 1862 | Now, therefore, I, Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States, by virtue of the power in me vested as Commander-In-Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States in time of actual armed rebellion against the authority and government of the United States, and as a fit and necessary war measure for supressing said rebellion, do, on this 1st day of January, A.D. 1863, and in accordance with my purpose so to do, publicly proclaimed for the full period of one hundred days from the first day above mentioned, order and designate as the States and parts of States wherein the people thereof, respectively, are this day in rebellion against the United States the following, to wit: Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana (except the parishes of St. Bernard, Palquemines, Jefferson, St. John, St. Charles, St. James, Ascension, Assumption, Terrebone, Lafourche, St. Mary, St. Martin, and Orleans, including the city of New Orleans), Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Virginia (except the forty-eight counties designated as West Virginia, and also the counties of Berkeley, Accomac, Northhampton, Elizabeth City, York, Princess Anne, and Norfolk, including the cities of Norfolk and Portsmouth), and which excepted parts are for the present left precisely as if this proclamation were not issued. (Abraham Lincoln) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Tangled Tale | Carroll, Lewis | MARY thinks a train met on arrival must not be counted, even when met on a previous occasion |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | Marius and his Mary, or his Maria, or his Marietta, or his Marion, they must make droll lovers |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | On the wall of his bedroom hung an illuminated scroll, the certificate of his prefecture in the college of the sodality of the Blessed Virgin Mary. |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | If Mary takes that doll, that dirty rag doll, I got to take my Injun bow. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Terms from years ago, such as pot, herb, grass, weed, Mary Jane, and reefer, are still used. You might also hear the names Aunt Mary, skunk, boom, gangster, kif, or ganja. (references) | |
Business | A number of Western make-up manufacturers, such as Avon, Mary Kay, Zepter, Neways, Vitamax, Oriflame, Lek, Herbalife are actively introducing multilevel marketing techniques for promoting and increasing sales of their products. (references) | |
The most popular U.S.-made products include make-up (Avon, Mary Kay, Max Factor, Kiki, Maybelline), nail care lines (Orly, IBD, OPI, Toma Industries, Creative Nail Design, etc.), mass market skin care products (Freeman, Avon, Mary Kay), exclusive (Clinique, Estee Lauder, Elizabeth Arden, Helena Rubinstein) and professional (New Youth) skin care and spa products. (references) | ||
U.S. companies (Avon Beauty Products, Mary Kay, Johnson & Johnson, especially pH 5.5 and Johnson’s baby brands, and Freeman), German manufacturers representing Nivea and Florena brand names, French manufacturers (L’Oreal, Laboratoires Garnier, Cliven) have been very successful in the Russian mass market skin care segment too. Finish, Israeli, Spanish, Swiss and Swedish companies have lately increased their share in the sales of mass-market skin care products. (references) | ||
Children | Brazil | In December U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights Mary Robinson stated that police violence against street children is one of the U.N.'s principal concerns. (references) |
Civil Liberties | Turkmenistan | The Baptists were prohibited from returning to Mary. (references) |
Uganda | In May 2000, the Bushenyi RDC ordered the closure of the Church of the Servants of the Eucharistic Hearts of Jesus and Mary, which allegedly was operating in the guise of a vocational school. (references) | |
Economic History | Turkmenistan | Other cities--Turkmenabat (formerly Chardjou), Dashowuz, Mary, Turkmenbashi. (references) |
Switzerland | Other companies in this field are Mary Kay Cosmetics, Deesse, Just, Jafra and the Body Shop. (references) | |
Philippines | Recent entries are Golden Neo-Life, Barclay-Elle Marge, Nu Skin, Neways, Futurenet and Mary Kay. (references) | |
Human Rights | Turkmenistan | Local police officials prohibited the Baptists from returning to Mary. (references) |
India | Mary Lushai alleged that three policemen raped her in Manu police station in Dhalai district. (references) | |
Morocco | The Center for Human Rights Documentation, Training, and Information is now operational; it was inaugurated in 2000 by the U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights, Mary Robinson. (references) | |
Political Economy | Ireland | Mary Harney was appointed Tanaiste (Deputy Prime Minister) and Minister for Enterprise, Trade and Employment. (references) |
Colombia | In April the U.N. Human Rights Commissioner, Mary Robinson, presented a report that strongly criticized the rising number of massacres and disappearances, and the growth of paramilitary forces in the country. (references) | |
Ireland | Prime Minister Ahern leads a minority government in partnership with the Progressive Democratic Party, which is led by Mary Harney, who is both the Deputy Prime Minister and the Minister for Enterprise, Trade and Employment. (references) | |
Political Rights | Jamaica | In August an opposition Councilor in St. Mary parish charged that supporters of the ruling party were attempting to intimidate him following his allegations that the Government parliamentarian was building a constituency office without approval. (references) |
Trade | China | A point-of-contact in the USDOC on standards is at the National Institute of Standards and Technology's Global Standards Program, (Mary H. Saunders, Director), 100 Bureau Drive, MS 2100, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-2100, Tel: 301-975-6094, Fax: 301-975-4715, e-Mail: gsp@nist.govm, website http://www.ts.nist.gov/gsp. The point-of-contact at USFCS-Beijing is Mark Bayuk at Tel: 86-10-8529-6655 or Fax: 86-10-8529-6558. (references) |
Travel | Chad | Charter air service is available from air charter companies such as Air Affaire Chad, B.P. 526, Tel/Fax:(235) 52-06-20 and Rene J. Mary Aviation, B.P.740, N'Djamena, Tel/Fax:(235) 52-39-42. Transportation away from the capital is generally less reliable but several agencies run regular trips between N'Djamena, Moundou and Sahr using minibuses and landcruisers. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | HANDKERCHIEF, n. A small square of silk or linen, used in various ignoble offices about the face and especially serviceable at funerals to conceal the lack of tears. The handkerchief is of recent invention; our ancestors knew nothing of it and intrusted its duties to the sleeve. Shakespeare's introducing it into the play of "Othello" is an anachronism: Desdemona dried her nose with her skirt, as Dr. Mary Walker and other reformers have done with their coattails in our own day -- an evidence that revolutions sometimes go backward. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Liza Minnelli | My faith in God and in God through people and I believe that mother Mary watches over me as well as my own mom. |
Mary Tyler Moore | I'm Mary Tyler Moore. We at the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation are dedicated to finding a cure. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | We are grateful for his service and honored that his mother, Lillie Tejeda, and his sister, Mary Alice, have come from Texas to be with us here tonight. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Mary" is generally used as a noun (proper) -- approximately 99.94% of the time. "Mary" is used about 7,117 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (proper) | 99.94% | 7,113 | 1,362 |
| Noun (singular) | 0.06% | 4 | 175,879 |
| Total | 100.00% | 7,117 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "Mary" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Mary | First name Female | 2,629,000 | 1 |
| Mary | First name Male | 9,000 | 699 |
| Mary | Last name | 1,000 | 12,571 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
| "Mary" is a name that signifies or is derived from: "a sea of bitterness", "a rebelliousness", "a wished for child", "loved", "same as Miriam". | |||
| The following table summarizes names related to "Mary." | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Related Name |
| Mariamne | Female | N/A | Mary |
| Marian | Male | N/A | Mary |
| Melle | Female | N/A | Mary |
| Mariam | Female | Arabic | Mary |
| Maryam | Female | Arabic | Mary |
| Miren | Female | Basque | Mary |
| Mary | Female | Biblical | N/A |
| Mary | N/A | Biblical | N/A |
| Miriam | Female | Biblical | Mary |
| Marija | Female | Croatian | Mary |
| Maria | Female | Czech | Mary |
| Marika | Female | Czech | Mary |
| Maria | Female | Dutch | Mary |
| Marijke | Female | Dutch | Mary |
| Mamie | Female | English | Mary |
| Maria | Female | English | Mary |
| Mariel | Female | English | Mary |
| Marigold | Female | English | Mary |
| Marilena | Female | English | Mary |
| Marilene | Female | English | Mary |
| Marilyn | Female | English | Mary |
| Marion | Female | English | Mary |
| Mary | Female | English | N/A |
| Maryann | Female | English | Mary |
| Maryanne | Female | English | Mary |
| Marylou | Female | English | Mary |
| Maryvonne | Female | English | Mary |
| Miriam | Female | English | Mary |
| Mollie | Female | English | Mary |
| Molly | Female | English | Mary |
| Maija | Female | Finnish | Mary |
| Mari | Female | Finnish | Mary |
| Maria | Female | Finnish | Mary |
| Marie | Female | French | Mary |
| Maria | Female | German | Mary |
| Maria | Female | Greek | Mary |
| Maleah | Female | Hawaiian | Mary |
| Malia | Female | Hawaiian | Mary |
| Mele | Female | Hawaiian | Mary |
| Mária | Female | Hungarian | Mary |
| Mara | Female | Hungarian | Mary |
| Mari | Female | Hungarian | Mary |
| Marika | Female | Hungarian | Mary |
| Maria | Female | Icelandic | Mary |
| Máirín | Female | Irish | Mary |
| Máire | Female | Irish | Mary |
| Maria | Female | Italian | Mary |
| Miriam | Female | Jewish | Mary |
| Marija | Female | Lithuanian | Mary |
| Moirrey | Female | Manx | Mary |
| Maria | Female | Polish | Mary |
| Maria | Female | Portuguese | Mary |
| Maria | Female | Romanian | Mary |
| Marya | Female | Russian | Mary |
| Masha | Female | Russian | Mary |
| Maria | Female | Scandinavian | Mary |
| Màiri | Female | Scottish | Mary |
| Marija | Female | Serbian | Mary |
| Marika | Female | Slovak | Mary |
| Marija | Female | Slovene | Mary |
| María | Female | Spanish | Mary |
| Mair | Female | Welsh | Mary |
| Mari | Female | Welsh | Mary |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Country | Name |
| USA | St. Mary Land & Exploration Company |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "Mary": Anne Mary Robertson Moses ♦ assumption of Mary ♦ Ave Mary ♦ bloody mary ♦ brothers of St Mary ♦ Dame Agatha Mary Clarissa Christie ♦ Friends of Mary at the Foot of the Cross ♦ Glen Saint Mary ♦ Glen St. Mary ♦ hail mary ♦ Lady Mary Jane ♦ Lake Mary ♦ Mary Alice ♦ Mary Ann Evans ♦ Mary Ashton Rice Livermore ♦ Mary Augusta Arnold Ward ♦ mary baker eddy ♦ Mary Douglas Leakey ♦ Mary Esther ♦ Mary Flannery O'Connor ♦ Mary Godwin Wollstonecraft Shelley ♦ Mary Harris Jones ♦ Mary I ♦ Mary II ♦ Mary Jane ♦ Mary Leakey ♦ Mary Leontyne Price ♦ Mary Magdalen ♦ Mary Magdalene ♦ Mary Mallon ♦ Mary Martin ♦ Mary McLeod Bethune ♦ Mary Morse Baker Eddy ♦ Mary Pickford ♦ Mary Queen of Scots ♦ Mary Shelley ♦ Mary Stuart ♦ Mary Tudor ♦ Mary Wollstonecraft ♦ Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin ♦ Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley ♦ nativity of mary ♦ queen Mary and Westfield College ♦ Queen Mary College ♦ Saint Mary ♦ sister mary ♦ solemnity of Mary ♦ St Mary Magdalen ♦ St Mary Magdalene ♦ St. Mary ♦ St. Mary Parish ♦ the virgin mary ♦ typhoid Mary ♦ virgin mary ♦ visitation of the blessed virgin mary ♦ William and Mary. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "Mary": Mary-ann, Mary-anne, Mary-at-hill, Mary-bud, Mary-catherine, Mary-chapin, Mary-claire, Mary-claude, Mary-in, Mary-in-the-castle, Mary-Jane, Mary-jeanne, Mary-jo, mary-lander, Mary-le-bow, Mary-lou, mary-no, Mary-on-the-rock, mary-rose, Mary-whitehouse-approved. | |
Ending with "Mary": William-and-mary. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
mary kate and ashley | 6,347 | mary kate | 525 |
mary kay | 5,763 | college of william and mary | 479 |
mary kate and ashley olsen | 5,218 | mary pierce | 477 |
mary j blige | 2,645 | william mary | 471 |
mary kay cosmetic | 1,537 | mary carey | 449 |
beth decker mary | 1,362 | mary poppins | 449 |
mary kay in touch | 1,356 | kateandashley mary | 441 |
virgin mary | 1,280 | ashley kate mary nude | 437 |
mary | 1,145 | mary jane | 402 |
queen mary | 919 | mary higgins clark | 382 |
mary mary | 879 | ashley kate mary nude olsen | 361 |
kate mary nude olsen | 864 | mary tyler moore | 341 |
mary engelbreit | 701 | mary magdalene | 328 |
kateandashley.com mary | 674 | carpenter mary chapin | 320 |
ashley kate mary picture | 664 | peter paul and mary | 317 |
ashley kate mary olsen picture | 656 | mary kate ashley olson | 302 |
bloody mary | 645 | mary j blidge | 295 |
hail mary | 605 | mary maxim | 293 |
mary kate olsen | 586 | mary washington college | 282 |
ashley.com kate mary | 534 | mary j | 273 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "Mary"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | Maria (Candlemas). (various references) | |
Arabic | مريم العذراء (our lady, virgin). (various references) | |
Chinese | 玛丽. (various references) | |
Danish | pot (bash, boo 4)draw, cannabis, grass, hagga, hay, Indian hay, marihuana, marijuana, Mary Jane, pot, puff, root, smoke, snop, tea, viper's weed, weed), græs (grass, herb). (various references) | |
Dutch | Maria. (various references) | |
Finnish | neitsyt Maria (the Virgin Mary). (various references) | |
French | marie-jeanne (Mary Jane), weed (Mary Jane), visitation de la vierge (visitation of the blessed virgin mary), thé (Mary Jane), tea (Mary Jane), roses (Mary Jane), pot (Mary Jane, Personnel and Organization Main Division), jive (Mary Jane), herbe (Mary Jane), H (Mary Jane), douce (Mary Jane), chiendent (Mary Jane), cage (Mary Jane), baby (Mary Jane). (various references) | |
German | Marie (Marie). (various references) | |
Greek | βαγγελίστρα (virgin mary), παρθένοσ μαρία (virgin mary), χόρτο (grass, herb). (various references) | |
Hungarian | has (abdomen, belly, guts, insides, little mary, lower part of the body, paunch, pod, riff, stomach, swag-belly, tummy, Venter), gyomor (gastric, gizzard, insides, little mary, maw, stomach, stomachal, stomachic, tripes, tummy, ventricle, victualling-office), angyali üdvözlet (angelus, annunciation, hail mary, the annunciation), üdvözlégy (hail mary). (various references) | |
Irish | muire (the Virgin Mary). (various references) | |
Italian | Maria. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | マラリア蚊 (malaria mosquito, Marie, marihuana, marijuana, marimba, marina, marinade, marine, marine beef, marine blue, marine look, marine ranching, marine snow, marine tower, marionette, Marisat, mark, marriage counselor, Marx, Marxism, Marxist, ultramarine). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | マリー (Marie). (various references) | |
Korean | 메리. (various references) | |
Manx | Moirrey, Mayree. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | arymay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | maria, Mário. (various references) | |
Russian | Мэри, Мария, мери (mary's). (various references) | |
Scottish | màiri (pnf. Mary). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | meri. (various references) | |
Spanish | Maria, María (María). (various references) | |
Turkish | Meryem Ana (holy virgin, Madonna, Maria, our lady, the virgin mary, virgin mother), Mary. (various references) | |
Welsh | Mari, Mair. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | maria, mariae, mariam. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Mark Chapter 6, Verse 3 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Ouk outoV estin o tektwn o uioV mariaV adelfoV de iakwbou kai iwsh kai iouda kai simwnoV kai ouk eisin ai adelfai autou wde proV hmaV kai eskandalizonto en autw |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Nonne iste est faber filius Mariae frater Iacobi et Ioseph et Iudae et Simonis nonne et sorores eius hic nobiscum sunt et scandalizabantur in illo |
| Old English | 990 | West Saxon | Hu nis þis smið maria sune. jacobesbroðer & iosepes. & iude & symones. hu nesynde his swustre her mid üs. & þa wurðenhyo ge-drefede. |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | Whether this is not a carpenter, the sone of Marie, the brother of James and of Joseph and of Judas and of Symount? whether hise sistris ben not here with vs? And thei weren sclaundrid in hym. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | Is not this that carpeter Maryes sonne ye brother of Iames and Ioses and of Iuda and Simon? and are not his systers here with vs? And they were offended by him. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Is not this the carpenter, the son of Mary, the brother of James, and Joses, and of Juda, and Simon? and are not his sisters here with us? And they were offended at him. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Is not this the carpenter, the son of Mary, the brother of James, and Joses, and of Judas, and Simon? and are not his sisters here with us? And they were offended at him. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Is not this the woodworker, the son of Mary, and brother of James and Joses and Judas and Simon? and are not his sisters here with us? And they were bitter against him. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Mark Chapter 6, Verse 3 |
| Cebuano | Dili ba siya mao man ang panday, ang anak ni Maria ug igsoon nila ni Santiago ug ni Jose ug ni Judas ug ni Simon? Ug dili ba ang iyang mga igsoong babaye ania man uban kanato?" Ug kaniya nakaplagan nila ang kahigayonan sa pagkapangdol. |
| Croatian | Nije li ovo drvodjelja, sin Marijin, i brat Jakovljev, i Josipov, i Judin, i Šimunov? I nisu li mu sestre ovdje meðu nama?" I sablažnjavahu se o njega. |
| Danish | Er denne ikke Tømmermanden, Marias Søn og Jakobs og Joses's og Judas's og Simons Broder? Og ere ikke hans Søstre her hos os?" Og de forargedes på ham. |
| Dutch | Is deze niet de timmerman, de zoon van Maria, en de broeder van Jakobus en Joses, en van Judas en Simon, en zijn Zijn zusters niet hier bij ons? En zij werden aan Hem geergerd. |
| Finnish | Eikö tämä ole se rakentaja, Marian poika ja Jaakobin ja Jooseen ja Juudaan ja Simonin veli? Ja eivätkö hänen sisarensa ole täällä meidän parissamme?" Ja he loukkaantuivat häneen. |
| French | N`est-ce pas le charpentier, le fils de Marie, le frère de Jacques, de Joses, de Jude et de Simon? et ses soeurs ne sont-elles pas ici parmi nous? Et il était pour eux une occasion de chute. |
| Gaelic | Nach e so an saor, mac Moire, brathair Sheumais, is Ioseiph, is Iuda, is Shimoin? nach eil a pheathraichean an so maille ruinn? Agus ghabh iad sgainneal as. |
| German | Ist er nicht der Zimmermann, Marias Sohn, und der Bruder des Jakobus und Joses und Judas und Simon? Sind nicht auch seine Schwestern allhier bei uns? Und sie ärgerten sich an ihm. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Bukankah Ia ini tukang kayu, anak Maria, dan saudara dari Yakobus, Yoses, Yudas dan Simon? Ya, saudara-saudara perempuan-Nya pun ada tinggal di sini juga." Karena itu mereka menolak Dia. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Bukankah orang ini tukang kayu, anak Maryam, dan saudara Yakub dan Yoses dan Yudas dan Simon? Dan bukankah saudara-Nya yang perempuan pun ada di antara kita di sini?" Maka mereka itu menaruh syak akan Yesus. |
| Italian | Non è costui il carpentiere, il figlio di Maria, il fratello di Giacomo, di Ioses, di Giuda e di Simone? E le sue sorelle non stanno qui da noi?». E si scandalizzavano di lui. |
| Maori | Ehara ianei tenei i te kamura, i te tama a Meri, i te tuakana o Hemi, o Hohi, o Hura, o Haimona? Kahore ianei ona tuahine i konei, i a tatou nei? Heoi he ana ratou ki a ia. |
| Norwegian | Er ikke dette tømmermannen, Marias sønn og bror til Jakob og Joses og Judas og Simon, og er ikke hans søstre her hos oss? Og de tok anstøt av ham. |
| Rumanian | Nu este acesta tkmplarul, feciorul Mariei, fratele lui Iacov, al lui Iose, al lui Iuda wi al lui Simon? Wi nu sknt surorile Lui aici kntre noi?`` Wi gqseau o pricinq de poticnire kn El. |
| Shuar | Jusha Karpintíruchukait; Maríi Uchirínchukait. Ni yachisha Jakupusha, Jusesha, Jútassha, Semunsha nékatsjik. Tura ni umaisha jui iijiai pujuiniatsuk" tiarmiayi. Túrawar Niin nekas Enentáimtustinian tujinkiarmiayi. |
| Swedish | Är då denne icke timmermannen, han som är Marias son och broder till Jakob och Joses och Judas och Simon? Och bo icke hans systrar här hos oss?" Så blev han för dem en stötesten. |
| Uma | Bo topowangu tomi-i-wadi, ana' Maria. Ompi' -na, hira' Yakobus, Yoses, Yudas pai' Simon. Ompi' -na tobine, ria moto wo'o-ra dohe-ta hi rehe'i." Toe pai' oja' -ra mepangala' hi Yesus. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "Mary": maryjane, maryjanes. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "Mary": calamary, costmary, customary, gramary, infirmary, mammary, nummary, palmary, postprimary, preprimary, primary, rosemary, spermary, summary, uncustomary. (additional references) | |
Words containing "Mary": amaryllis, amaryllises, gramarye, gramaryes. (additional references) | |
| |
"Mary" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: amyr, Imari, Maby, Maerdy, magry, Mahy, mairy, Maiyu, Makri, Maly, Mamy, marby, Mardyke, marey, Mareys, marmy, marvy, Marye, maury, mavry, Mawrey, mawry, Mayra, Mayrnyo, Merq, Mervy, Mery, Mirey, Mirfyn, Mirj, Mirys, Morby, Mowry, Mrap, Muhri, Murdy, Muri, Mutry, Mwari, Myrfyn, Umayr. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: army. | |
| Words within the letters "a-m-r-y" | |
-1 letter: arm, mar, may, ram, ray, rya, yam, yar. | |
-2 letters: am, ar, ay, ma, my, ya. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-m-r-y" | |
+1 letter: ambry, barmy, cymar, marly, marry, marvy, mayor, moray, rammy, tryma. | |
+2 letters: ambary, ambery, armory, creamy, cymars, dreamy, marbly, margay, marshy, martyr, mayors, morays, myriad, myrica, ramify, smarmy, smarty, smeary, warmly, yammer. | |
+3 letters: acronym, almonry, amatory, anymore, armoury, brambly, daymare, dayroom, dramedy, drayman, draymen, gramary, harmony, hymnary, imagery, juryman, kerygma, lamprey, majorly, malarky, mammary, manuary, margays, marrowy, martyrs, martyry, masonry, mastery, mattery, mayoral, midyear, miliary, morally, morassy, mortary, myriads, myricas, nummary, oxymora, palmary, palmyra, paronym, primacy, primary, pyramid, remarry, smartly, streamy, summary, tramway, trymata, yammers, yardarm, yardman, yardmen. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Quotations: Familiar 10. Quotations: Historic 11. Quotations: Fiction 12. Quotations: Non-fiction | 13. Quotations: Spoken 14. Quotations: Speeches 15. Usage Frequency 16. Names: Frequency | 17. Names: Derived from 18. Names: Company Usage 19. Expressions 20. Expressions: Internet | 21. Translations: Modern 22. Translations: Ancient 23. Bible Trace 24. Derivations | 25. Anagrams 26. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
