Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

LICTOR

Definition: LICTOR

LICTOR

Noun

1. An officer who bore an ax and fasces or rods, as ensigns of his office. His duty was to attend the chief magistrates when they appeared in public, to clear the way, and cause due respect to be paid to them, also to apprehend and punish criminals.

Source: Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)
 

Date "LICTOR" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1823. (references)

"LICTOR" is a common misspelling or typo for: lector.


Synonyms within Context: LICTOR

ContextSynonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).

Jurisdiction

Officer, bailiff, tipstaff, bum-bailiff, catchpoll, beadle; policeman, cop, police constable, police sergeant; sbirro, alguazil, gendarme, kavass, lictor, mace bearer, huissier, bedel; tithingman.

Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

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Specialty Definition: Lictor

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The lictor, derived from the Latin ligare (to bind), was a special class of Roman civil servant, with special tasks of attending magistrates of the Roman Republic and Empire who held imperium. The origin of the tradition of lictors goes back to the time when Rome was a kingdom, perhaps acquired by their Etruscan neighbours.

Who were the lictors

Originally, lictors were chosen from the plebs but through most part of the Roman history they seemed to be freedman. They were, however, definitely Roman citizens, since they wore togas inside Rome. A lictor had to be a strongly built man, capable of physical work. Lictors were exempted from military service, received a fixed salary (of 600 sesterces, in the beginning of the Empire), and were organized in a corporation. Usually they were personally chosen by the magistrate they were supposed to serve, but it also possible that they were drawn by lots.

Lictor's tasks

The lictor's main task was to attend as bodyguards magistrates who held imperium: consuls (12 lictors), praetors (6 lictors, 2 within Rome), dictatorss (24 lictors, 12 before Sulla) and curule aediles (2 lictors); the dictator's deputy, the magister equitum ("Master of the Horse") was also escorted by six lictors. Men with proconsular or prepraetorian imperium were also entitled to lictors (the number of lictors being equal to their degree of imperium). They carried rods decorated with fasces and, outside the pomerium, with axes that symbolized the power to execute. They followed the magistrate wherever he went, including the Forum, his house, temples and the baths. Lictors were organized in an ordered line before him, with the primus lictor (the principal lictor) right on his front, waiting for orders. If there was a crowd, the lictors opened the way and kept their master safe. They also had to stand beside the magistrate whenever he addresses the crowd. Magistrates could only dispense their lictors if they were visiting a free city or addressing a higher status magistrate. Lictors also had legal and penal duties: they could at their master's command arrest Roman citizens and punish them.

Sometimes, lictors were ascribed to private citizens in special occasions, like funerals or political reunions, as a show of respect by the city.

Lictor curiatus

The lictor curiatus (plural lictores curiati) was a special kind of lictors, who did not carry rods or fasces and whose main tasks were religious. In number of 30, they were at the Pontifex maximus (high priest of Rome) command. They were present at sacrifices, carrying or guiding the animals to the altars. Vestal virgins, as well as the flamen priests, were entitled to be escorted and protected by one lictor curiatus. In the Empire, women of the royal family usually were followed by two of this kind of lictors. The lictor curiatus were also responsible for summoning the comitia curiata, the assembly of the people, and to maintain order during its procedures.

See also: cursus honorumfascesimperium

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Lictor."

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Crosswords: LICTOR

Non-English Usage: "LICTOR" is also a word in the following language with the English translation in parentheses.

Romanian (lictor).

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Commercial Usage: LICTOR

DomainTitle

Books

  • Espada del Lictor, La (reference)

  • The Sword of the Lictor (The Book of the New Sun, V. 3) (reference)

    (more book examples)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Image Slideshow: LICTOR

Illustrations:
LICTOR

More images...

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Modern Translations: LICTOR

Language Translations for "LICTOR"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Albanian

  

liktor, ndëshkues publik. (various references)

   

Greek 

  

ρωμαίοσ ραβδούχοσ. (various references)

   

Italian

  

littore. (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

ictorlay

   

Romanian

  

lictor. (various references)

   

Thai

  

ผู้ที่ทำหน้าที่ติ"ตามผู้พิพากษาในสมัยโรมันโบรา". (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Ancestral Language Translations: LICTOR

LanguagePeriodTranslations
Latin500 BCE-Modern

apparitores, lictores. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Derivations: LICTOR

Derivations

Words beginning with "LICTOR": lictors. (additional references)

Words ending with "LICTOR": inflictor. (additional references)

Words containing "LICTOR": inflictors. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "LICTOR"

Words rhyming with "LICTOR" (pronounced 'Lic"tor'): Abactor, Abator, Abductor, Accentor, Actor, Adductor, Adjutor, Administrator, Agistator, Alienator, Amputator, Archtraitor, Arendator, Arpentator, Assentator, BENEFACTOR, Bettor, Betutor, Bisector, Bivector, Buccinator, Calefactor, Calorimotor, Calumniator, Cantor, Captor, Castigator, Causator, Circumferentor, Citator, Coadjutor, Collator, Cornutor, Cremator, Cretor, Cunctator, Curator, Deductor, Delator, Depressomotor, Devotor, Dialector, Dictator, Dilatator, Disceptator, Divaricator, Donator, Ductor, Eductor, Electromotor. (additional references)

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Anagrams: LICTOR

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Words within the letters "c-i-l-o-r-t"

-1 letter: lirot, lotic, toric, triol.

-2 letters: clit, clot, coil, coir, colt, loci, loti, otic, riot, roil, roti, rotl, tirl, tiro, toil, torc, tori, trio.

-3 letters: col, cor, cot, lit, lot, oil, orc, ort, roc, rot, tic, til, tor.

-4 letters: it, li, lo, or, ti, to.

 Words containing the letters "c-i-l-o-r-t"
 

+1 letter: lictors, trochil.

 

+2 letters: acrolith, chlorite, cilantro, clitoral, clitoric, clitoris, cloister, clothier, coistrel, coistril, colorist, contrail, cortical, cortisol, costlier, cryolite, dicrotal, elicitor, erotical, leprotic, lordotic, loricate, nitrolic, petrolic, tricolor, trifocal, trochili, trochils, tropical, vortical.

 

+3 letters: acroliths, aleatoric, archivolt, auctorial, blotchier, cabriolet, cantorial, captopril, centriole, chlorites, chloritic, chlorotic, chortling, cilantros, cloisters, cloistral, clothiers, cloturing, coistrels, coistrils, colicroot, colorists, contrails, coprolite, cortisols, courtlier, cryolites, doctrinal, doleritic, elicitors, factorial, floristic, fluorotic, fortalice, haircloth, inflictor, interlock, loricates, microlith, microvolt, ocularist, pictorial, plethoric, precoital, proclitic, prolactin, proleptic, pyrolytic, rectorial, reliction, rhyolitic, sclerotia, sclerotic, sclerotin, sectorial, solicitor, suctorial, tricolors, trifocals, trochilus, ureotelic, vectorial, vitriolic, wristlock.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

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Alternative Orthography: LICTOR


Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

4C 49 43 54 4F 52

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)

=

Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)

Braille (1829, in France) (references)

Morse Code (1836) (references)

.-..    ..    -.-.    -    ---    .-.

Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

01001100 01001001 01000011 01010100 01001111 01010010

HTML Code (1990) (references)

&#76 &#73 &#67 &#84 &#79 &#82

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

004C 0049 0043 0054 004F 0052

British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

464337544952

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INDEX

1. Definition
2. Crosswords
3. Usage: Commercial
4. Images: Slideshow
5. Translations: Modern
6. Translations: Ancient
7. Derivations
8. Rhymes
9. Anagrams
10. Orthography
11. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.