Krupp

Definition: Krupp

Krupp

Noun

1. German arms manufacturer and son of Friedrich Krupp; his firm provided ordinance for German armies from the 1840s through World War II (1812-1887).

2. German industrialist who manufactured steel in Essen (1787-1826).

Date "Krupp" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1870. (references)

Synonyms: Krupp

Synonyms: Alfred Krupp (n), Friedrich Krupp (n). (additional references)

Krupp is the name of a prominent German family, famous for their armament manufacture. The business, originally called Friedrich Krupp AG, is now part of Thyssen-Krupp AG, a large industrial conglomerate.

Arndt Krupp arrived in Essen in 1587. His son Anton entered the arms trade during the Thirty Years' War.

The metal business was started by Friedrich Krupp (1787-1826), who built a small steel foundry in Essen in 1811.

His son, Alfred (1812-87), "the Cannon King", invested heavily in new technologies (notably the Bessemer process), acquired many mines in Germany and France, and became a significant manufacturer of railway material and locomotives. He also invested in subsidized housing for his workers and started a program of health and retirement benefits. The company began to make steel cannons in the 1840s for the Russian, Turkish, and Prussian armies especially. Low non-military demand and government subsidy meant that the company specialized more and more in weapons, by the late 1880s the manufacture of armaments represented varied around 50% of the total output. When Alfred started the firm had five employees at his death there were twenty thousand - the world's largest industrial company.

Friedrich 'Fritz' Alfred (1854-1902), was somewhat eccentric and committed suicide in 1902. His daughter, Bertha Krupp (after whom the company's large howitzers or Big Berthas were nicknamed), Alfred's grand-daughter, married Gustav von Bohlen und Halbach (1870-1950) in 1906, and the family took the name Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach. He became head of the company in 1909. It had become a public company in 1903, but Bertha was almost the sole shareholder.

After Hitler came to power the Krupp works became the centre for German re-armament. In 1943, by a special order from Hitler, the company was re-converted into a family holding, and Alfried (1907-67) the son of Gustav and Bertha, took over the management. After Germany's defeat and the incapability of Gustav to be tried, Alfried was tried as a war criminal for his company's use of slave labour and he was sentenced to 12 years and ordered to sell 75% of his holdings. In 1951 as the Cold War developed and no buyer could be found he was released, and in 1953 he resumed control of the firm.

Shortly after the death of Alfried in 1967, Krupp was turned into a public corporation. His son Arndt (1938-86) relinquished his inheritance rights as well as the Krupp name, and in 1968 the Krupp family ceased to control the firm. The Villa Hügel mansion and gardens near Essen, were turned into a private charitable foundation named after Alfried as the Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach-Stiftung.

In 1999 the Krupp Group merged with its largest competitor, Thyssen AG; the combined company - Thyssen-Krupp AG, became Germany's fifth largest firm and one of the largest steel producers in the world.

The three rings of the Krupp logo are radreifen - the seamless railway wheels patented by Alfred Krupp.

Context	Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).
Arms	Gun, piece; firearms; artillery, ordnance; siege train, battering train; park, battery; cannon, gun of position, heavy gun, field piece, mortar, howitzer, carronade, culverin, basilisk; falconet, jingal, swivel, pederero, bouche a feu; petard, torpedo; mitrailleur, mitrailleuse; infernal machine; smooth bore, rifled cannon, Armstrong gun, Lancaster gun, Paixhan gun, Whitworth gun, Parrott gun, Krupp gun, Gatling gun, Maxim gun, machine gun; pompom; ten pounder.
Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

Crosswords: Krupp

English words defined with "Krupp": Alfred Krupp ♦ Friedrich Krupp ♦ Krupp gun. (references)

Specialty definitions using "Krupp": Krupp process, Krupp Steel, Krupp washing process. (references)

Non-English Usage: "Krupp" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses.

German (croup), Hungarian (croup), Swedish (croup).

Domain	Usage
Movie/TV Titles	Krupp und Krause (1968)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Domain	Title
References	Thyssen Krupp AG: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (reference) (more reference examples)

Books	Arms of Krupp (reference) Arms of Krupp 1587-V01 (reference) House of Krupp (reference) Krupp at War: The Legendary Krupp Protze & Other Vehicles (German Trucks & Cars in World War Ii, Vol V) (reference) Psychoanalytic and Cultural Study of the Krupp Family: An Inquiry into Some of the Roots of German Character Formation (reference) (more book examples)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Thumbnail	Description & Credit
	I have left no stone unturned, for peace -- Kaiser to Krupp workmen. Credit: Library of Congress.
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

Subject	Topic	Quote
Health		Examples include instruments by Schwartz and colleagues, Piper and colleagues, Krupp and colleagues, Chalder and colleagues, and Vercoulen and colleagues. (references)
Business		Such flagship German companies as Bosch, Siemens, Thyssen Krupp Automotive and Mannesmann are major players in the Italian market and are leading the industry in advanced engineering and product durability. (references)
Economic History	Serbia and Montenegro	The Director of the coal sector of Serbia's power company (EPS) announced talks with the German firm Krupp on possible investment in the mines and a DM 150-million deal for coal mining equipment. (references)
	Brazil	Some of the major auto parts global players with manufacturing facilities in Brazil include: Robert Bosch, Magneti Marelli, Dana, TRW, Tenneco, ZF, Siemens, Federal Mogul, Valeo, Eaton, Delphi, Visteon, Saint Gobain, JCI/Varta, Krupp, Lear Seating, Denso, Continental ITT, Johnson Controls, Meritor, Karman-Ghia, Mahle, Tritec Motors, Sachs Automotive, Arvinmeritor, Maxion, SAS Automotive, Valeo, VDO. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

"Krupp" is generally used as a noun (proper) -- approximately 66.67% of the time. "Krupp" is used about 18 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)

Parts of Speech	Percent	Usage per 100 Million Words	Rank in English
Noun (proper)	66.67%	12	101,599
Noun (singular)	27.78%	5	157,705
Lexical Verb (base form)	5.56%	1	339,140
Total	100.00%	18	N/A

The following table summarizes the usage of "Krupp" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified.

Name	Usage/Gender	Usage per 100 million Persons	Rank in USA
Krupp	Last name	1,000	11,038
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

Country	Name
Germany	Thyssen Krupp AG
	(more examples...)

1. Krupp, WA (town, FIPS 36395)
Location: 47.40989 N, 118.98782 W
Population (1990): 53 (26 housing units)
Area: 1.5 sq km (land), 0.0 sq km (water)
Country: USA

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Expressions: Krupp

Expressions using "Krupp": Alfred Krupp ♦ Friedrich Krupp ♦ Krupp gun ♦ Krupp process. Additional references.
Hypenated Usage
	Ending with "Krupp": Hoesch-krupp.
	Containing "Krupp": Bell-Krupp process.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Krupp

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.

Expression	Frequency per Day	Expression	Frequency per Day
krupp	117	farm krupp	3
thyssen krupp	49	krupp thysen	3
krupp crane	13	bilstein krupp	2
elevator krupp thyssen	12	krupp otto	2
krupp protze	10	uwe krupp	2
foundation krupp	8	alfred krupp	2
kennel krupp slapshot	5	crane krupp mining thyssen	2
funds krupp	5	element filter krupp uhde	2
krupp stahl thyssen	5	hoesch krupp	2
krupp coffee maker	4	krupp widia	2
gerlach krupp	4	budd company krupp thyssen	2
krupp villa	4	elevator krupp	2
budd krupp thyssen	4	krupp steel thyssen	2
krupp uhde	3	krupp florist	2
krupp polysius	3	capri krupp villa	2
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Anagrams: Krupp

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Words within the letters "k-p-p-r-u"
	-2 letters: pup, pur.
	-3 letters: up.
	Words containing the letters "k-p-p-r-u"
	+4 letters: sparkplug.
	+5 letters: mudskipper, sparkplugs.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.