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Definition: Iris |
IrisNoun1. Plants with sword-shaped leaves and erect stalks bearing bright-colored flowers composed of three petals and three drooping sepals. 2. Muscular diaphragm that controls the size of the pupil; it forms the colored portion of the eye. 3. Diaphragm consisting of thin overlapping plates that can be adjusted to change the diameter of a central opening. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
"Iris" is a name that signifies or is derived from: "a rainbow". |
Date "iris" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references) |
Etymology: Iris \I"ris\, noun; plural English Irises, Latin Irides. [Latin iris, iridis, the goddess, Greek the rainbow, iris of the eye, the plant Iris. Compare to Orris.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | IRIS Institute for Research in Information and Scholarship of Brown University (Providence RI). (1994-11-04) Iris An object-oriented DBMS. (1994-11-04). Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing. |
Agriculture | Instructional resources information system; integrated risk information system. (references) |
Electrical Engineering | A partial obstruction consisting of one or more metal or dielectric thin plates at a transverse cross-section of a waveguide used for impedance transformation. Source: European Union. (references) |
Environment | EPA's Integrated Risk Information System, an electronic data base containing the Agency's latest descriptive and quantitative regulatory information on chemical constituents. (references) |
Fine Arts | The lenses also have an iris diaphragm which can be opened and closed to control the amount of light reaching the film. Source: European Union. (references) |
Health | The most anterior portion of the uveal layer, separating the anterior chamber from the posterior. It consists of two layers - the stroma and the pigmented epithelium. Color of the iris depends on the amount of melanin in the stroma on reflection from the pigmented epithelium. (references) |
Public Administration | An adjustable diaphragm or window. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Iris can mean:
- The sphincter around the pupil of the eye, see iris (anatomy)
- The equivalent device in a camera, see iris (camera)
- The messenger of the gods in Greek mythology, see Iris (goddess)
- A variety of flower, see iris (plant)
- A movie by Richard Eyre, about Iris Murdoch, see Iris (2001)
- A Dutch comic magazine, see Iris magazine
- A female first name
- An romanian hevy-metal/hard-rock band IRIS
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Iris."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
IRIS is a Romanian hard rock band. It was established in 1976 by Ion Dumitrescu (drums), Olteanu (lead solo guitar and vocals) and Emil Lechinţeanu (bass guitar). They achieved a huge success, followed by tours throughout Romania and recordings for radio broadcast.
After the revolution
The democratic regime installed after 1989 offered the group a chance they couldn't have in the communist regime. They started appearing on TV and having tours in Italy. They celebrated the 15th anniversary at the international rock festival in 1991 and 1992 beside Gillian and Uriah Heep.
The present members are:
- Ion Dumitrescu (drums)
- Cristi Minculescu (vocalist)
- Valter Popa (led solo guitar and acustic guitar)
- Doru Borobeică, or Boro (bass guitar)
The albums
- The first album,IRIS 1 was produced by Electrocord in 1983 when the vocalist Cristi Minculescu joined the group.
- The second album, IRIS 2, was produced 1986.
- In 1988 IRIS 3 appeared, but this is the year when the rock group was suspended. The fans sent thousands of letters to the officials demanding the return of IRIS, and that happend.
- 1994 - The best of...IRIS, contains songs from the first four albums
- 1996 - Lună plină (Full Moon)
- 1998 - IRIS 20 de ani (IRIS 21 years)
- 1998 - Mirage, kind of a mistic album with hard songs and with meny minings
- 1999 - IRIS 2000
- 2000 - Athenaevm - a collection from a live concert at the athenaeum in Bucharest
- 2002 - Da, da, eu ştiu! (Oh, yes, I know!)
- 2002 - Mătase albă
- 2003 - IRIS 4MOTION (box-set 4CD`s)
External link
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "IRIS."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Iris is a movie that tells the story of British novelist Iris Murdoch and her relationship with John Bayley. The contrasts the start of their relationship, when Murdoch (played by Kate Winslet) was an outgoing, dominant individual as compared to her timid and scholarly partner Bayley (played by Hugh Bonneville), and their later life, when Murdoch (now played by Dame Judi Dench) was suffering from Alzheimer's disease and tended to by a frustrated Bayley (played by Jim Broadbent).The film, which was directed by Richard Eyre, is based on Bayley's memoir, An Elegy for Iris.
Winslet was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and Dench was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress for playing Iris at the two different stages in her life. Jim Broadbent, who played the older Bayley, received the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Iris (2001 movie)."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Pars pupillaris of a human iris (near the pupillary border), using false colors to highlight the epithelia (red.)In anatomy, the iris (classical plural irides) is the most visible part of the eye. It is a circular pigmented tissue containing a stroma, itself containing the sphincter around the pupil of the eye, and two layers of epithelia. In the animal kingdom, only longitudinally symmetric taxa, or chordates, have an iris. This part of the anterior pole of the eye is actively permitting the pupil to open and almost close on a continuous basis. This happens in order for the iris to control the amount of light striking the central retina. In fact, despite pigment content in its stroma and epithelia, the iris is slightly transparent, especially in its peripheral part (pars ciliaris) and at the level of stromal crypts (of Fuchs). Moreover, iris-transmitted light, which is a few orders of magnitude less intense, because of iris stromal absorption, is totally reflected on the anterior surface of the lens, and directed towards the processi dentati of the ora serrata - a region collectively named the "peripheral retina" which processes light only for non-visual purposes.
The iris is the only living tissue always visible naturally, with open eyes.
The iris is brightly pigmented, with colours ranging from red (no pigment at all, like in oculo-cutaneous albinism), to gray, green, blue, basic brown, black, and hazel. There is only one pigment that allows the human iris to absorb almost all the colours of the rainbow, and this is the black pigment called melanin. Structurally, this huge molecule is only slightly different from its equivalent pigment found in skin and hair.
A person's "eye colour" is actually the colour of her or his iris, since the cornea is transparent and the sclera is rarely if ever any other colour than white. Certain eye colours are sometimes seen as being especially attractive and motif-expressing contact lenses can be worn to mask one's natural eye colour with another. They are rarely needed and almost never recommended by serious medical doctors, unless the patient's retina needs extra protection, as in aniridia. Although there has been much fuss about finding the genes for eye colour, there is no simple genetic determinism for such a complex trait, as there is more to iris colour than pigmentation, and overall, there is no simple inheritance and consequently no serious test of paternity based on iris colour.
The occurrence of two irides with different colours is a rare situation which could also be perfectly normal and which is named heterochromia iridis. Circular sectors of strikingly different colours in the same iris happen more often and are sometimes described as heterochromia iridium.
When photographed with a flash, the iris only reacts to protect the retina, and not fast enough to avoid the red eye effect.
Acquiring the iris image, sometimes without the person's approval, and storing it in a database for purposes of identification is a biometric method used for the recognition of human individuals. This is a highly controversial method for many reasons, including that person's rights, and its reliability, reputability, and rate of false positive results. Especially controversial is the fact that the iris stromal pattern changes in time, visibly, although in many subtle ways. Therefore questions can be raised about the viability of the iris as an "immutable bar code".
See also: Iridology, Iridocyclitis, Visual system, Iris scan.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Iris (anatomy)."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In Greek mythology, Iris was the daughter of Thaumas and the Ocean nymph Electra (according to Hesiod), the personification of the rainbow and messenger of the gods. As the rainbow unites Earth and heaven, Iris is the messenger of the gods to men; in this capacity she is mentioned frequently in the Iliad, but never in the Odyssey, where Hermes takes her place.Iris is represented as a youthful virgin, with wings of gold, who hurries with the swiftness of the wind from one end of the world to the other, into the depths of the sea and the underworld. She is especially the messenger of Zeus and Hera, and is associated with Hermes, whose caduceus or staff she often holds. By command of Zeus she carries in an ewer water from the Styx, with which she puts to sleep all who perjure themselves. Her attributes are the caduceus and a vase.
The word iridescence is derived in part from the name of this goddess.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Iris (mythology)."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
An Iris is a variety of plant with showy flowers ranging in colour from gold or yellow to white, blue, lavender and purple. Pink and apricot coloured irises have also been bred in some species. There are many species of Iris including the Dutch iris, flag iris, cushion iris and many others (see below).
All Irises have long stems and six-lobed flowers with three petals sagging downwards (actually large sepals in the same colour as the flower), and three standing upright. Some smaller iris species have all six lobes pointing straight outwards.
Iris, in botany. The iris flower belongs to the natural order Iridaceae of the class Monocotyledons, which is characterized by a petaloid six-parted perianth, an inferior ovary and only three stamens (the outer series), being thus distinguished from the Amaryllidaceae family, which has six stamens. They are handsome showy-flowered plants, the Greek name having been applied on account of the hues of the flowers. The genus contains about 170 species widely distributed throughout the north temperate zone. Two of the species are British. I. Pseudacorus, the yellow flag or iris, is common in Britain on river-banks, and in marshes and ditches. It is called the "water-flag" or "bastard floure de-luce" by Gerard, who remarks that "although it be a water plant of nature, yet being planted in gardens it prospereth well." Its flowers appear in June and July, and are of a golden-yellow colour. The leaves are from 2 to 4 ft. long, and half an inch to an inch broad. Towards the latter part of the year they are eaten by cattle. The seeds are numerous and pale-brown; they have been recommended when roasted as a substitute for coffee, of which, however, they have not the properties. The astringent rhizome has diuretic, purgative and emetic properties, and may, it is said, be used for dyeing black, and in the place of galls for ink-making. The other British species, I. foetidissima, the fetid iris, gladdon or roastbeef plant, the Xyris or stinking gladdon of Gerard, is a native of England south of Durham. and also of Ireland, southern Europe and North Africa. Its flowers are usually of a dull, leaden-blue colour; the capsules, which remain attached to the plant throughout the winter, are 2 to 3 in. long; and the seeds scarlet. When bruised this species emits a peculiar and disagreeable odour.
A white iris and bulbIris fiorentina, with white or pale-blue flowers, is a native of the south of Europe, and is the source of the violet-scented orris root used in perfumery. Iris versicolor, or blue flag, is indigenous to North America, and yields "iridin," a powerful hepatic stimulant. Iris germanica of central Europe, "the most common purple Fleur de Luce" of Ray, is the large common blue iris of gardens, the bearded iris or fleur de luce and probably the Illyrian iris of the ancients. From the flowers of Iris florentina a pigment?the "verdelis," "vert d?iris," or iris-green, formerly used by miniature painters?was prepared by maceration, the fluid being left to putrefy, when chalk or alum was added. The garden plants known as the Spanish iris and the English iris are both of Spanish origin, and have very showy flowers. Along with some other species, as I. reticulata and I. persica, both of which are fragrant, they form great favourites with florists. All these just mentioned differ from those formerly named in the nature of the underground stem, which forms a bulb and not a strict creeping rhizome as in I. Pseudacorus, germanica, florentina, etc. Some botanists separate these bulbous irises from the genus Iris, and place them apart in the genus Xiphium, the Spanish iris, including about 30 species, all from the Mediterranean region and the East.
The iris flower is of special interest as an example of the relation between flowering plants and pollenating insects. The shape of the flower and the position of the pollen-receiving and stigmatic surfaces on the outer petals form a landing-stage for a flying insect which in probing the perianth for honey will first come in contact of perianth, three with the stigmatic stamens in one whorl surface which is borne and an ovary formed of three carpels. The shelf-like transverse projection on the inner whorl under side of the stamens, which is beneath the over-arching style arm below the stigma, so that the insect comes in contact with its pollen-covered surface only after passing the stigma, while in backing out of the flower it will come in contact only with the non-receptive lower face of the stigma. Thus an insect bearing pollen from one flower will in entering a second deposit the pollen on the stigma, while in backing out of a flower the pollen which it bears will not be rubbed off on the stigma of the same flower.
The hardier bulbous irises, including the Spanish iris (I. Xiphiurn) and the English iris (I. xiphioides, so called, which is also of Spanish origin), require to be planted in thoroughly drained beds in very light open soil, moderately enriched, and should have a rather sheltered position. Both these present a long series of beautiful varieties of the most diverse colours, flowering in May, June and July, the smaller Spanish iris being the earlier of the two. There are many other smaller species of bulbous iris. Being liable to perish from excess of moisture, they should have a well-drained bed of good but porous soil made up for them, in some sunny spot, and in winter should be protected by a 6-in, covering of half-decayed leaves or fresh coco-fibre refuse. To this set belong I. persica, reticulata, /ilifolia, His/rio, juncea, Danfordiae Rosenbachiaea and others which flower as early as February and March.
A blue flag iris, the provincial flower of QuebecThe flag irises are for the most part of the easiest culture; they grow in any good free garden soil, the smaller and more delicate species only needing the aid of turfy ingredients, either peaty or loamy, to keep it light and open in texture. The earliest to bloom are the dwarf forms of Iris pumila, which blossom during March, April and May; and during the latter month and the following one most of the larger growing species, such as I. germanica, fiorenhina, pallida, variegata, amoena, flavescens, sambucina, neglecta, ruthenica, etc., produce their gorgeous flowers. Of many of the foregoing there are, besides the typical form, a considerable number of named garden varieties. Iris unguicularis (or stylosa) is a remarkable winter flowering species from Algeria, with sky-blue flowers blotched with yellow, produced at irregular intervals from November to March, the bleakest period of the year.
The beautiful Japanese Iris Kaempferi (or I. laevigato~) is of corn paratively modern introduction, and though of a distinct type h equally beautiful with the better-known species. The outer segmenu are rather spreading than deflexed, forming an almost circular flower which becomes quite so in some of the very remarkable duple varietics, in which six of these broad segments are produced insteac of three. Of this too there are numberless varieties cultivated undei names. They require a sandy peat soil on a cool moist subsoil.
What are known as Oncocyclus, or cushion irises, constitute magnificent group of plants remarkable for their large, showy and beautifully marked flowers. Compared with other irises the cushion varieties are scantily furnished with narrow sickle shaped leaves and the blossoms are usually borne singly on the stalks. The best-known kinds are atrofusca, Barnumae, Bismarckiana Gatesi, Heylandiana, iberica, Lone/i, Haynei, lupine, Maniae, meda paradoxa, sari, sofarana and susiana?the last-named bein~ popularly called the "mourning" iris owing to the dark silver appearance of its huge flowers. All these cushion irises are somewhat fastidious growers, and to be successful with them they must be planted rather shallow in very gritty well-drained soil. They should not be disturbed in the., autumn, and after the leaves have withered the roots should be protected from heavy rains until growth starts again naturaily.
A closely allied group to the cushion irises are those known as Regelia, of which Korolkow-i, Leichtlini and vega are the best known, Some magnificent hybrids have been raised between these two groups, and a hardier and more easily grown race of garden irises has been produced under the name of Regelio-Cyclus. They are best planted in September or October in warm sunny positions, the rhizomes being lifted the following July after the leaves have withered.
from a 1911 encyclopedia
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Iris (plant)."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Iris was a Dutch amateur comic magazine, which was published irregularly between 1990 and 1995. In all, 15 issues plus a test issue (nr. 0) were published. It was started by several students at the University of Nijmegen. Some of the now (somewhat) famous comics that appeared in the magazine are Dirk-Jan and Maaike's Diary.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Iris magazine."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
IRIS | Dutch | Initiatief üoor Research op het gebied üan Informatica toegepast op de Samenleüing | Computing, Social Sciences |
IRIS | English | Interrogation Requirements Information System | Computing |
IRIS | French | Initiative de Recherche en matière d'informatique appliquée dans le domaine social | Computing, Social Sciences |
IRIS | German | Netzwerk von Berufsbildungsprogrammen für Frauen | European Union |
IRIS | Italian | Iniziatiüa per la ricerca in materia di informatica applicata alla società | Computing, Social Sciences |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: IrisSynonyms: flag (n), fleur-de-lis (n), iris diaphragm (n), sword lily (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Messenger | Courier, runner; dak, estafette; Mercury, Iris, Ariel. |
Traveler | Runner, courier; Mercury, Iris, Ariel, comet. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Definitely have to dance with Iris. (Rain Man; writing credit: Ronald Bass) Look, Iris, the world does not revolve round your body - this bloke Gallileo proved it: it revolves around the sun. (The Sweeney; writing credit: Brian Faull; John Martin) It's a it's a flaw in the iris. (Chinatown; writing credit: Robert Towne) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Tarzán y el arco iris (1972) El Show de Iris Chacon (1972) Iris (1968) Gamera 3: Iris kakusei (1999) La Sombra del Arco Iris (1998) | |
Song Titles | Iris (performing artist: Goo Goo Dolls) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books | |||
Periodicals |
| ||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
High Tech |
| ||
Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Pl. CXV. 389. Lophotes Cepedianus, Giorna. From Temminck and Schlegel, "Fauna Japonica." 390. Lophotes Capellei, Temminck and Schlegel, "Fauna Japonica." 391. Trachypterus iris, (Gmelin), Cuvier and Valenciennes. From Cuvier and Valenciennes, "Histoire Naturelle des Poissons de la France.". Credit: National Marine Fisheries Historical Image Collection. |  | Galatheid crabs are common burrow-dwellers on the continental slope. Munida iris. Credit: National Undersea Research Program (NURP). |
 | A Wild Iris, Iris missouriensis, found along the North Umpqua Trail. Credit: Mel Ingeroi. |  | Yellow-leaved Iris, also called the Wild Iris, (Iris chrysophylla) near Highway 227 west of Trail, OR. Credit: Terry Tuttle. |
 | Medium shot of Castilleja and Iris tenax. Credit: John Craig. |  | Farshot of Iris tenax. Credit: John Craig. |
 | Wild Iris. Credit: Alaska Image Library. |  | Iris. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Iris dairy farm and drift fence near Franconia, New Hampshire. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Close ups. Harvey S. Ladew, residence, Pleasant Valley, living room, horses and iris on piano top. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Iris patch" by Larry Huggins Commentary: "Patch of iris flowers in various colors. Picture shot mid morning." | "Bearded iris" by James O Commentary: "Close-up shot of a bearded iris. (orchid pin stripe?)." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Iris Murdoch | Being good is just a matter of temperament in the end. |
| But fantasy kills imagination, pornography is death to art. | |
| I daresay anything can be made holy by being sincerely worshipped. | |
| All art is a struggle to be, in a particular sort of way, virtuous. | |
| Human affairs are not serious, but they have to be taken seriously. | |
| Every man needs two women, a quiet home-maker, and a thrilling nymph. | |
| Perhaps misguided moral passion is better than confused indifference. | |
| A bad review is even less important than whether it is raining in Patagonia. | |
| Bereavement is a darkness impenetrable to the imagination of the unbereaved. | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | Such is the color of its iris. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | The fluid leaves the anterior chamber at the angle where the cornea and iris meet (see diagram). (references) | |
Color of the iris depends on the amount of melanin in the stroma on reflection from the pigmented epithelium. (references) | ||
One type, known as pigmentary glaucoma, occurs when pigment from the iris flakes off and blocks the meshwork, slowing fluid drainage. (references) | ||
Economic History | Bulgaria | A Collateral Loan Law was enacted in October 1996, with the assistance of IRIS (Institutional Reform and the Informal Sector) and the U.S. Agency for International Development. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Tom Ridge | Exactly. Their own iris scan, fingerprint scan, facial recognition, so that it might ease their pass through the gate and onto the airplane. Again, strictly talking to them on a voluntary capacity, but it does make some sense. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| "Iris" is generally used as a noun (proper) -- approximately 84.25% of the time. "Iris" is used about 748 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (proper) | 84.25% | 630 | 10,302 |
| Noun (singular) | 15.49% | 116 | 29,969 |
| Noun (plural) | 0.27% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 748 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "iris" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Iris | First name Female | 55,000 | 325 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
| "Iris" is a name that signifies or is derived from: "a rainbow". | |||
| The following table summarizes names related to "Iris." | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Related Name |
| Iris | Female | English | N/A |
| Iris | Female | Greek Mythology | N/A |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
Expressions using "iris": Apatura iris ♦ bearded iris ♦ beardless iris ♦ bulbous iris ♦ dalmatian iris ♦ Dame Jean Iris Murdoch ♦ dutch iris ♦ dwarf iris ♦ english iris ♦ florentine iris ♦ genus Iris ♦ german iris ♦ gladdon iris ♦ greater arterial circle of iris ♦ greater arterial circle of the iris ♦ Iris cristata ♦ iris diaphragm ♦ iris diaphragma ♦ Iris Diseases ♦ iris family ♦ Iris filifolia ♦ Iris florentina ♦ Iris foetidissima ♦ Iris germanica ♦ Iris germanica florentina ♦ Iris kaempferi ♦ Iris kochii ♦ Iris Murdoch ♦ Iris Neoplasms ♦ iris of the eye ♦ Iris pallida ♦ Iris persica ♦ Iris pseudacorus ♦ Iris Sisyrinchium ♦ Iris tingitana ♦ Iris verna ♦ Iris versicolor ♦ Iris virginica ♦ Iris xiphioides ♦ Iris xiphium ♦ japanese iris ♦ lesser arterial circle of iris ♦ lesser arterial circle of the iris ♦ persian iris ♦ resonant iris ♦ spanish iris ♦ stinking iris ♦ vernal iris ♦ xiphium iris ♦ yellow iris. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "iris": iris-breeding, iris-like, iris-roots. | |
Ending with "iris": auto-iris. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
iris | 4,065 | iris berben | 56 |
iris flower | 3,538 | black iris | 56 |
bearded iris | 415 | iris pen | 50 |
iris bulb | 411 | iris garden | 50 |
iris chacon | 257 | iris printer | 48 |
iris johansen | 171 | wild iris | 44 |
goo goo doll iris lyrics | 164 | planting iris | 44 |
folding iris | 153 | iris photo | 44 |
iris lyrics | 148 | blue iris | 41 |
arco iris | 139 | iris chang | 41 |
siberian iris | 120 | growing iris | 36 |
iris dement | 117 | iris pen scanner | 36 |
goo goo doll iris | 111 | iris flower picture | 35 |
iris picture | 85 | dutch iris | 33 |
iris murdoch | 84 | glen inn iris | 31 |
iris japanese | 79 | farm iris | 29 |
iris plant | 78 | iris printing | 28 |
donnie iris | 77 | glicee iris printing | 28 |
purple iris | 64 | iris catalog | 28 |
iris care | 59 | iris kyle | 27 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "iris"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | Iridë, Shpatore (flag, fleur-de-lis, flower-de-luce, orris), Perëndi I Ylberit, Lule Zëmbaku. (various references) | |
Arabic | قوس قزح (rainbow), قزحية, سوسن زهرة, الحدقة, إيريس إلاهة قوس قز, رفيف. (various references) | |
Aymara | curmi (rainbow). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | Перуника, Замбак, Дъга, Ирисова Диафрагма, Ирис. (various references) | |
Chinese | 虹膜 (Irises), 鳶尾花 . (various references) | |
Cornish | elestren. (various references) | |
Czech | Kosatec (fleur-de-lis, flower-de-luce, sword-flag), Duhovka. (various references) | |
Danish | IRIS, regnbuehinde, blænde (dazzle). (various references) | |
Dutch | IRIS (Initiative for research in informatics applied to society). (various references) | |
Esperanto | Iriso. (various references) | |
Faeroese | mækja. (various references) | |
Farsi | عنبیه , رنگین کمان (Rainbow). (various references) | |
Finnish | iiris, kurjenmiekka, kehäkalvo. (various references) | |
French | Iris. (various references) | |
Frisian | barchjeblom (yellow iris). (various references) | |
German | Schwertlilie (flag, gladiolus, iridium), Regenbogenhaut, Iris (iridescence, Network of Vocational Training Schemes for Women). (various references) | |
Greek | ίριδα (rainbow). (various references) | |
Hebrew | ְירוס, קשתית (cornea). (various references) | |
Hungarian | szivárványhártya, nőszirom (flag), írisz (flag). (various references) | |
Italian | iride (flag), Iris (Initiative for research in informatics applied to society), Giaggiolo. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 虹彩 , 花菖蒲 (blue flag), 菖蒲 , 燕子花 , 絞り , 杜若 , アイボリー板紙 (eyelash curler, eyeline, guide dog, iron, ironical, irony, ivory paper, Seeing Eye dog). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | しぼり (squeezing), しょうぶ (bout, contest, game, match, militarism, victory or defeat, warlike spirit), かきつばた, こうさい (acquaintance, association, brilliance, clever speech, company, friendship, High Court, judicial decision, public bond or securities, public debt, slag, society, splendour), あやめ (design, distinction, pattern), アイリス , はなしょうぶ (blue flag). (various references) | |
Korean | 홍채 (Irises). (various references) | |
Manx | Eerish, daaghyn y ghoal-twoaie (iridescence, iridescent), cliogagh (fleur-de-lys, wild iris, yellow flag), clagh ny sooilley (apple of the eye). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | irisay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | íris (orris-powder). (various references) | |
Romanian | Iris (flag), Stânjen. (various references) | |
Russian | Ирис, ирис;радужная оболочка, Радуга, Радужная Оболочка Глаза, Радужная Оболочка. (various references) | |
Scottish | seilisdeir (yellow iris or yellow water-flag), seilisdear (or water-flag, the plant yellow iris). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | iris (flower-de-luce), perunika (orris), dužica, šarenica. (various references) | |
Spanish | lirio (cither, cittern, Lily), IRIS. (various references) | |
Swedish | iris (fleur-de-lis, flower-de-luce, orris). (various references) | |
Thai | ดอกไอริซ, ม่านตา. (various references) | |
Turkish | Süsen (flag, freesia), Gökkuşağı (bow, rainbow), Ýris. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | ірис (fleur-de-lis, orris), Райдужна Оболонка. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | hyacinthi, hyacinthis, hyacintho, hyacinthum, hyacinthus, ire, irem, Iris. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Revelation Chapter 4, Verse 3 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Kai o kaqhmenoV hn omoioV orasei liqw iaspidi kai sardinw kai iriV kukloqen tou qronou omoioV orasei smaragdinw |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Et qui sedebat similis erat aspectui lapidis iaspidis et sardini et iris erat in circuitu sedis similis visioni zmaragdinae |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | And he that sat, was lijk the siyt of a stoon iaspis, and to sardyn; and a reynbowe was in cumpas of the seete, lijk the siyt of smaragdyn. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | And he that sat was to loke apo like vnto a iaspar stone and a sardyne stone: And there was a rayne bowe aboute the seate in syght lyke to an Emeralde. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And he that sat was to look upon like a jasper and a sardine stone: and there was a rainbow round about the throne, in sight like unto an emerald. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And he that sat was in appearance like a jasper and a sardine stone: and there was a rainbow around the throne in sight like an emerald. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | And to my eyes he was like a jasper |
