Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: International Monetary Fund |
International Monetary FundNoun1. A United Nations agency to promote trade by increasing the exchange stability of the major currencies. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
| Domain | Definitions |
Agriculture | A multilateral financial institution established in 1945 to help member countries with international payments problems and to maintain orderly exchange rate policies. U.S. agricultural exports benefit indirectly from activities of the IMF that maintain the global trade in commodities and food. (IMF). (references) |
Finance | The IMF was set up by the Bretton Woods Agreement of 1944 and came into operation in March 1947. The fund was established to encourage international cooperation in the monetary field and the removal of foreign exchange restrictions, to stabilize exchange rates and to facilitate a multilateral payments system between member countries. Source: European Union. (references) |
| An international organization with 146 members, including the United States. The main functions of the International Monetary Fund are to lend member nations funds to finance solutions to temporary balance of payments problems, to facilitate the expansion and balanced growth of international trade, and to provide international monetary cooperation among nations. The IMF also creates additional reserves for member nations called special drawing rights. Member nations must subscribe to a Fund quota, making payments mainly in their own currency. The IMF grew out of the Bretton Woods Conference of 1944. (IMF). (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The IMF (International Monetary Fund) is an international organization. It is responsible for managing the global financial system and for providing loans to its member states to help alleviate balance of payments problems. Part of its mission is to help countries that experience serious economic difficulties. In return, the countries who are helped are obliged to launch certain reforms, such as privatizations.
Argentina, which was considered by the IMF to be a model country, experienced a serious economic crisis in 2001. This crisis created a movement of hatred against this institution.
Others say the IMF has little power to democratize sovereign states, nor is that its stated objective. However, they say its advice is intended to promote financial stability, which in turn may indirectly further democracy. Economic chaos is seldom a good starting point for a stable democracy.
Most altermondialists, like ATTAC, believe that IMF interventions aggravate the poverty and the debts of Third World and developing countries.
Adherents of supply-side economics generally find themselves in open disagreement with the IMF because typically the IMF advocates a Keynesian approach to economics. That is, the IMF typically advocates "high taxes" (refered to by the IMF as austerity) and "inflation" (refereded to by the IMF as devaluation). Both ideas that are out of favour with supply siders because they are seen as destructive to economic prosperity.
Opposition to the IMF is very fragmented. For instance advocates of Supply-side economics would in general regard the policies advocated by ATTAC to be little different in form to the ideas peddled by the IMF. In other words they would see ATTAC tax and spend policies and the IMFs austerity policies as being little different.
History and Background
Agreement for its creation came at the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, USA, in 1944; the organisation came into existence in 1946, as part of a post-WWII reconstruction plan, and began financial operations on March 1, 1947. Accordingly, it is sometimes referred to as "a Bretton Woods institution", along with the Bank for International Settlements(BIS) and the World Bank. Together, these three institutions define the monetary policy shared by almost all countries with market economies. In order to gain access to IMF loans, BIS privilege, and strategic World Bank development loans, a country must normally agree to terms set forth by all three organizations.Criticisms
The role of these institutions has been controversial among some since the late Cold War period. Critics claim that IMF policymakers deliberately supported military dictatorships that were friendly to American and European corporations. Critics also claim that the IMF is generally hostile to democracy, human rights, and labor rights. These criticisms generated a controversy that helped spark the anti-globalization movement. Leaders of the IMF
The IMF is headed by a Managing Director:
Quotes
See also
External link
References
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "International Monetary Fund."
Synonym: International Monetary FundSynonym: IMF (n). (additional references) |
Crosswords: International Monetary Fund |
| Specialty definitions using "International Monetary Fund": FOREIGN-EXCHANGE DEALER, foreign-exchange trader. (references) |
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Periodicals |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | Sweeping economic reform was launched in early 1990 with International Monetary Fund (IMF) guidance. (references) | |
Although the deregulation packages have made less progress in reducing non-tariff barriers, the Government's collaboration with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) since November 1997 has prompted much bolder than hitherto measures on this front. (references) | ||
Economic History | Ukraine | In 1992, Ukraine became a member of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. (references) |
Jordan | Jordan is in the final year of a three-year International Monetary Fund (IMF) structural reform program. (references) | |
Mozambique | This began to change in the mid-1980s; in 1984 Mozambique joined the World Bank and International Monetary Fund. (references) | |
Political Economy | OMAN | There are no International Monetary Fund or World Bank adjustment programs. (references) |
GREECE | Greece is not a recipient of World Bank loans or International Monetary Fund programs. (references) | |
CZECH REPUBLIC | The Czech Republic repaid its entire debt with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) ahead of schedule. (references) | |
Political Rights | Yemen | The Parliament also has criticized strongly the Government for some actions, including the lifting of subsidies and other economic reform measures mandated by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). (references) |
Trade | Georgia | Recent reforms implemented by the National Bank of Georgia, in cooperation with the International Monetary Fund, have significantly increased confidence in the banking system. (references) |
Vietnam | The offering of project loan sovereign guarantees by the Vietnamese government was limited by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) under the Enhanced Structural Adjustment Program (ESAP). (references) | |
Worker Rights | Bosnia and Herzegovina | In 2000 both the Federation and RS passed comprehensive labor legislation as part of loan conditions established by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund; however, implementing provisions were still not in place by year's end. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Harry S. Truman | 1945-1953 | We have already joined the International Monetary Fund and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | So I call on Congress to renew America's commitment to the International Monetary Fund. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
international monetary fund | 205 |
international monetary fund imf | 4 |
the world bank and the international monetary fund | 3 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "International Monetary Fund"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 國際貨幣基金組" (IMF). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | IMF, Den internationale Valutafond. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | Internationaal Monetair Fonds, IMF. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
French | Fonds monétaire international, fond monétaire international, FMI (Multilateral Investment Fund). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
German | IWF (imf), Internationaler Waehrungsfonds. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | "NT, "ιεθνές Nομισματικό Tαμείο, διεθνέσ νομισματικό ταμείο. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | nemzetközi valutaalap. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | Fondo monetario internazionale, FMI. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 国際通貨基金 , アーリア人 (art deco, art nouveau, Aryan, climbing irons, crampons, eye, eye shadow, eyeshade, frozen treat similar to a Popsicle, IACA, ice, ice candy, ice cream, ice cream soda, ice cube, ice dancing, ice hockey, ice pail, ice pick, ice rink, ice show, ice skating place, ice smack, ice tongs, icebox, icecream sundae, iced coffee, iced tea, icefall, Iceland, ice-skating, icetea, icing, icing the puck, icon, iconify, ILO, IMF, intelligence quotient, International Atomic Energy Agency, International Labor Organization, ion, IQ, iron, iron club, measure of area, metal pins of climbing shoes, popsicle, Rh, Rhesus factor, skating rink, to take the radius). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | "くさいつうかきき", アイエ エフ (IMF). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | internationalay onetarymay undfay mercado externo (foreign office), Fundo Monetario Internacional, FMI. (various references) Международный валютный фонд. (various references) Fondo Monetario Internacional, FMI. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)49 6E 74 65 72 6E 61 74 69 6F 6E 61 6C 4D 6F 6E 65 74 61 72 79 46 75 6E 64 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
|
Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01001001 01101110 01110100 01100101 01110010 01101110 01100001 01110100 01101001 01101111 01101110 01100001 01101100 00100000 01001101 01101111 01101110 01100101 01110100 01100001 01110010 01111001 00100000 01000110 01110101 01101110 01100100 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)I n t e r n a t i o n a l   M o n e t a r y   F u n d |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0049 006E 0074 0065 0072 006E 0061 0074 0069 006F 006E 0061 006C 004D 006F 006E 0065 0074 0061 0072 0079 0046 0075 006E 0064 |
Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)4380867184806786758180677824781807186678491240878070 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Quotations: Non-fiction 6. Quotations: Speeches 7. Expressions: Internet 8. Translations: Modern | 9. Orthography 10. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
| Note to the press & webmasters - this dictionary can be linked, indexed, or referred to using the following non-English expressions: woordeboek, fjalor, معجم, قاموس, diccionariu, речник, diccionari, diksyonario, diksinario, 字典, gérlyver, slovník, ordbog, woordenboek, shimiyuc p'anca, orðabók, orðbók, dictionnaire, wurdboek, wörterbuch, λεξικό, אוצר מילים, szótár, uqausiit tukingit, dizionario, 字引 , じい, じびき, じて", ディクショナリー , じり", じしょ, '"かい, ディクショナリ , 사 , dizionari, recnik, fockleyr, dikshonario, słownik, dicionário, dicţionar, dicziunari, словарь, lolomi fefiloi, foclair, abardair, faclair, briathrachan, pukuntau, leksikon, rečnik, vocabbulariu, diccionario, sí-chazamagâma, ordbok, lexikon, พจนานุกรม, sözlük, ansiklopedik sözlük, словник, довідник, có tính chất sách vở, geirlyfr, geiriadur, for dictionary; definisie, qartësi, përcaktim, saktësi, الوضوحية في الشيء, حد, تحديد, تعريف, التحديد, الإيضاحية, яснота, сила, очертания, дефиниция, 定義 , 定义, definice, deskriptordefinition, definitie, määritelmä, définition, ορισμός, "'"ר", "'בל", meghatározás, definíció, definizione, 確定 , ディーゼル電気車 , デ'ドロ酢酸 , デフィニション , ディフィニション , ていぎ, かくてい, 의, geyrid, meenaghey, keeayllaght, baght, definishon, definição, definiţie, determinare, definire, определение, definicija, definición, definition, açıklama, belirleme, belirtme, kesinleştirme, tanım, tarif, seçiklik, tanımlama, чіткість, тлумачення, виразність, визначення, дефініція, ясність, чітка чутність, sự định rõ, sự định nghĩa, lời định nghĩa sự định, diffiniad, darnodiad, for definition; vertaling, transferim, transmetim, ترجمة من لغة أجنبية للغة الأم, ترجمة, إفتتان, транслация, огъване, превод, предаване, поддаване, тълкуване, превеждане, 翻译, překlad, oversættelse, translatie, taajuusmuutos, translaatio, traduction, oersetting, Übersetzung, μετάφραση, תור'מ ות, תר'ום, "עתק", "עתק, fordítás, traduzione, 翻訳 , へい"ういどう, やくしょ, やくしゅつ, "うどく, ほ"やく, トランスレーション , やくじゅつ, ほ"やくしょ, 번역, tradukshon, tradução, translaţie, tãlmãcire, traducere, сдвиг, трансляция, перемещение, перевод, tumačenje, traducción, översättning, tercüme, процес перекладу, переклад, пояснення, переміщення, sự dịch, sự biến th nh sự giải thích, trosiad, for translation; Sjinees, Chinees, kinez, الصينية, لغة الصين, صيني, الصيني أحد أبناء الصين, Chinu, китайски, Ininsik, 汉语, 中 , 漢 , 中國 , èínský, èínština, èíòan, kineser, kinesiskt, kinverskur, kiinalainen, Chinois, Sineesk, Chinesisch, Κινέζος, κινέζικα, κινέζικοσ, κινέζοσ, σινικόσ, kínai, Kínverji, Sínis, cinese, チフス菌 , チャイニーズ , 중국, Cina, Sheenish, Sheenagh, Hainamana, chines, Chińczyk, chinês, chinés, chinezesc, chinezeşte, chinezã, chinez, китайский, китаец, Saina, kineski jezik, kineski, chino, snesi, sneysi, kinesisk, çinli, çince, çin ile ilgili, çin, китаянка, китайська мова, китайський, кита"ць, for Chinese; Deens, danisht, danishte, لغة الدانمركية, نوع كعك, دانماركي, датски език, датски, Daniko, 丹麦语, dánský, dánština, danskur, danskt, tanskalainen, danois, Deensk, dänisch, δανικόσ, δανόσ, עו'ת שמרים, " י, dán, danska, Danmhairgis, danese, 덴마크, Danvargish, Danvargagh, danes, dinamarquês, danez, датский, danski, danski jezik, danés, dansk, danimarkalı, danimarka dili, датський, датська мова, tiếng Đan-mạch, for Danish; Nederlands, Hollands, holandez, هولندي, اللغة الهولندية, холандски, немски език, холандски език, холандците, немски, Olandes, 菏蘭語 , 荷兰语, holandský, nizozemský, hollandsk, hollendskt, hollantilainen, néerlandais, Nederlânsk, holländisch, ολλανδικόσ, ολλανδόσ, holandisht, "ול "י, holland, hollenskur, Ollainnis, olandese, 네덜란", Belanda, Ollanish, Germaanish, Tatimana, nederlandsk, ulandes, hulandes, holandês, neerlandés, olandez, nemţesc, limba olandezã, german, голландский, holanđanin, u škripcu, holandski, holandés, bakratongo, holländsk, ชาวเนเธอร์แลน"์, เกี่ยวกับเนเธอร์แลน"์, รรยา, alman, eş, flemenkçe, holandaca, hollanda, karı, hollandalı, hollandalılara özgü olan, Hollandali, hollanda'ya ait, голландська мова, голландський, ngôn ngữ khó hiểu, "b xã", for Dutch; Franse taal, Frans, franceze, francez, frëngjisht, frëng, frëngjishte, فرنسي, اللغة الفرنسية, الشعب الفرنسي, gall, френски език, френски, Pranses, 法國 , 法文 , 法語 , 法语, francouzština, francouzský, franskur, franskt, ranskalainen, français, Frânsk, französisch, γάλλοσ, γαλλικόσ, γαλλική γλώσσα, γαλλίδα, צרפתי, צרפתית, francia, Fraincis, francese, フレコン化 , フランス" , 仏文 , 仏 , ふつぶ", フレンチ , フランセ , ふつ, "랑스, Perancis, Ny Frangee, Mooinjey ny Frank, frances, franses, francês, francezii, francezã, franţuzesc, franţuzeşte, французский, Falani, francuski jezik, francuski, francuzi, francés, sí-Fulentji, fransk, franska, fransızca, Fransiz, fransızca ile ilgili, fransız, fransa ile ilgili, французька мова, французький, Ffrengig, isiFulentshi, for French; Duits, Duitser, Duitse taal, Germaan, gjerman, ضرب من الرقص, جرماني, المانية, الماني, اللغة الألمانية, роден, германски, немски език, немски, немец, готически, германец, 德語 , 德语, 德文 , 德國 , nìmecký, nìmec, tysker, Duitse, týskur, týskt, týskari, saksalainen, Allemand, Dútsk, Deutsche, Deutsch, "ερμανός, gjermanisht, 'רמ י, 'רמ ית, német, þjóðverji, þýskur, GearmÚnach, GearmÚinis, tedesco, ジプシー音楽 , ジャーマン , 독일, todesch, Germaanagh, Garmane, Germaanish, Carmane, aleman, Niemiec, niemiecki, alemão, alemand, neamţ, немецкий, Siamani, germanski, alemán, Tudesku, Doysri, mjeremani, mdachi, sí-Jalimáne, tysk, เยอรมัน, าษาเยอรมัน, Alman, німкеня, німецький, німець, $sisters german$ chị em ruột, $cousin german$ anh chị em con chú bác ruột, sister, Almaenwr, isiJalimane, iliJalimane, iJalimane, for German; Grieks, Griek, الإغريقي, يوناني, اللغة اليونانية, Griegu, гръцки език, гръцки, грък, Griyego, 希臘語 , 希腊语, řecký, řeètina, řek, græker, grikst, kreikkalainen, grec, Gryk, Gryksk, Gryks, grieche, ελληνικόσ, 'Ελληνας, יו ית, יו י, görög, Grikki, greco, ギリシア語 , ギリシア", 그리스, Greagish, Greagagh, grego, grèc, greacã, греческий, Eleni, grk, grčki jezik, grčki, griego, grek, Yunanli, yunanlı, yunanca, yunan, Rumca, yunanistan'a ait, rum, грек, гречанка, грецька мова, грецький, kẻ cắp b gi gặp nhau, quân bạc bịp tôi không thể hiểu được điều đó thật l kỳ phùng địch thủ, người Hy-lạp tiếng Hy-lạp kẻ bịp bợm, kẻ lừa đảo, Groegwr, for Greek; Hongaars, Hongaar, hungarez, الهنغاري, مجري, هنغاري, المجري, اللغة الهنغارية, Húngaru, унгарски език, унгарски, унгарец, Hungaryan, 匈牙利語 , 匈牙利语, maïarský, maïar, maïarština, ungarer, Hongaarse, ungarskt, unkarilainen, hongrois, Hongaarsk, ungar, Ούγγρος, "ו 'רי, magyar, ungherese, 헝가리, Ungaarish, Ungaaragh, Węgier, ongrés, ungureşte, ungur, limba maghiarã, unguresc, maghiar, limba ungarã, венгр, венгерский, mađarski, mađar, mađarski jezik, húngaro, ungrare, ชาวฮังการี, macarca, macar, угорська мова, угорка, угорський, угорець, người Hung-ga-ri tiếng Hung-ga-ri, for Hungarian; Italianer, Italiaans, Italiaan, شخص إيطالي, اللغة الإيطالية, الإيطالي, إيطالي, Italianu, италиански език, италиански, италианец, Italyano, 意大利 , 意大利語 , 意大利语, italština, italský, ital, italiener, italienskt, italialainen, Italien, Italjaansk, italienisch, Ιταλός, italisht, איטלקי, איטלקית, olasz, Ítali, IodÚilis, italiano, 이탈리아, Iddaalish, Włoch, italianã, italienesc, italieneşte, italian, итальянский язык, итальянский, итальянец, Italia, italijanski, italijanski jezik, italijan, sí-Taliyáne, italienare, italiensk, italienska, เกี่ยวกับอิตาลี, ชาวอิตาลี, าษาอิตาลี, italyanca, italyan, італі"ць, італійська мова, італійський, італійка, for Italian; Portugees, portugez, portugalisht, اللغة البرتغالية, البرتغالية, البرتغالي, португалски език, португалски, португалец, Potuges, 葡萄牙语, 葡萄牙人 , 葡萄牙語 , portugalský, portugiser, portugisiskt, portugalilainen, portugais, Portugeesk, portugiesisch, πορτογάλοσ, ορτογάλος, portugál, Portaingéilis, portoghese, ポルトガル語 , ポルトガル", 포르투갈, Portiugish, Portiugagh, portugues, Portugalczyk, português, portughez, португальский, portugalski jezik, portugalski, portugalac, portugués, Mreno, si-Putúkezi, portugis, portekiz, Portekízlí, portekizli, portekizce, португальська мова, португальський, португалець, người B"-đ o-nha tiếng B"-đ o-nha, for Portuguese; Russies, Rus, الروسية, روسي, اللغة الروسية, Rusu, руски, руски език, руснак, Rusyan, 俄語 , 俄语, 俄文 , ruština, ruský, russer, russur, russiskt, venäläinen, Russysk, Russe, russisch, Ρώσος, רוסי, orosz, rússneskur, Rússi, Rúisis, russo, ロシア語 , ロシア", 러시아, Rooshish, Rooshagh, russisk, Rosjanin, русский, Lusia, ruski jezik, ruski, ruso, sí-Rashîya, ryss, ชาวรัสเซีย, rusça, росіянка, росіянин, російська мова, російський, người Nga tiếng Nga, for Russian; Spaans, Spaanse taal, spanjoll, اللغة الأسبانية, الأسبانية, أسباني, испански език, испански, espanyoles, Espanyol, 西班牙语, 西班牙文 , 西班牙語 , španìlský, španìlština, spanskt, espanjalainen, espagnol, Spaansk, spanisch, ισπανικά, ισπανικόσ, ισπανοί, karaiñe'êmegua, ספר"ית, ספר"י, spanyol, SpÚinnis, spagnolo, スペイン語 , スパイ罪 , スペイン", スパニッシュ , 스페인, Spaainagh, Spaainish, spañó, espanhol, espanhòl, spaniolesc, spanioleşte, spaniol, испанский, Sipaniolo, španski jezik, španski, español, spanska språk, spansk, ispanyollar, ispanyolca, ispanyol, іспанська мова, іспанський, for Spanish; 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