Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definitions: Incubation |
IncubationNoun1. Maintaining something at the most favorable temperature for its development. 2. Sitting on eggs so as to hatch them by the warmth of the body. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "incubation" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1690. (references) |
Etymology: Incubation \In`cu*ba"tion\, noun. [Latin expression incubatio: compare to the French expression incubation.]. (Websters 1913) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Food & Agriculture | Holding cultures of microorganisms at a controlled temperature to improve their growth. Source: European Union. (references) |
| Preliminary wetting of organic materials added to the soil in artificial recharging for increasing and maintaining recharge rates, for their decomposition after which they exhibit their beneficial results. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Health | The development of an infectious disease from the entrance of the pathogen to the appearance of clinical symptoms. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Synonym: IncubationSynonym: brooding (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Preparation | Ripening; Verb: maturation, evolution; elaboration, concoction, digestion; gestation, batching, incubation, sitting. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Incubation |
| English words defined with "incubation": incubation period, Incubative, Incubatory, Incubiture, Incumbition ♦ Ovicyst ♦ Period of incubation ♦ Stage of incubation. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "incubation": Antigenic Modulation, artificial incubation chamber ♦ Candle jar ♦ EGG CANDLER ♦ Feline Infectious Peritonitis, FISH FARMER, fish hatchery assistant, fish hatchery attendant, FISH HATCHERY WORKER ♦ Lentivirus, Lentivirus Infections, Lentiviruses, Bovine, Lentiviruses, Equine, Lentiviruses, Feline, Lentiviruses, Ovine-Caprine ♦ Monocytes, Activated Killer ♦ POULTRY SCIENTIST ♦ Setting a Hen, Slow Virus Diseases ♦ visna ♦ YEAST-CULTURE DEVELOPER. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "incubation": Incumbition. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Incubation" is also a word in the following language with English translations in parentheses. French (incubate, incubation, incubator). |
| Domain | Title |
Books |
|
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | The incubation period for Ebola HF ranges from 2 to 21 days with abrupt onset of illness, characterized by fever, headache, joint and muscle aches, sore throat, and weakness, followed by diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach pain.Credit: CDC. |  | After the incubation period of 2-6 days, symptoms of the plague appear including severe malaise, headache, shaking chills, fever, and pain and swelling, or adenopathy, in the affected regional lymph nodes, also known as buboes.Credit: CDC. |
 | Burkholderia pseudomallei is a Gram-negative aerobic bacteria, and is the causative agent of melioidosis. The organism's colonial morphology changes somewhat as the incubation is extended.Credit: CDC. |  | Hantaviruses that cause Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) are carried in rodent droppings, especially the deer mouse. Incubation lasts for 15wks. Sickness begins with fever and muscle aches, followed by shortness of breath and coughing.Credit: CDC. |
 | The incubation period for Ebola HF ranges from 2 to 21 days with abrupt onset of illness, characterized by fever, headache, joint and muscle aches, sore throat, and weakness, followed by diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach pain.Credit: CDC. |  | The incubation period for Ebola HF ranges from 2 to 21 days with abrupt onset of illness, characterized by fever, headache, joint and muscle aches, sore throat, and weakness, followed by diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach pain.Credit: CDC. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Incubation period is 1 to 4 weeks. (references) | |
In some cases, the incubation period may be as long as 40 years. (references) | ||
Infection with greater numbers of organisms will result in shorter incubation periods. (references) | ||
Business | Three winning projects will get incubation input up to USD 150,000 to turn their ideas into viable businesses. (references) | |
The parks will accommodate existing companies and new enterprises to be generated by approximately ten-business incubation centers at universities and research institutes. (references) | ||
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Incubation" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Incubation" is used about 299 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 100% | 299 | 16,795 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "incubation": artificial incubation chamber ♦ incubation period ♦ period of incubation ♦ stage of incubation. Additional references. | |
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "incubation": pre-incubation. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
incubation | 97 |
chicken incubation | 46 |
duck incubation | 44 |
incubation poultry | 40 |
incubation turkey | 39 |
incubation temperature | 38 |
incubation ventilation | 35 |
incubation program | 34 |
heating incubation | 33 |
humidity incubation | 32 |
airflow incubation | 32 |
cooling incubation | 31 |
incubation single stage | 30 |
in incubation | 29 |
incubation multi stage | 28 |
egg incubation | 18 |
incubation period sars | 14 |
incubation strep throat | 10 |
herpes incubation | 10 |
incubation turtle | 10 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "incubation"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | inkubacion, rritje klloçkë, periudhë inkubacioni, ngrohje (heating). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | حضانة (nursery, nursery school), رخم (elide, intone, marble, syncopate), دور الحضانة. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | мътене, инкубация, инкубационен период (delitescence), измътване. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 孵出. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | inkubace, líhnutí (hatching). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | inkubation. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | incubatie (breed, hatch, incubation period). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farsi | خوابیدن روی تخم , جوجه کشی , برخوابش . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | inkubaatio. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | incubation (incubate, incubator). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Inkubation (incubation period). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | επώαση (breed, brooding, hatch, hatching). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | ת"'ורת, ""'ר" (hatching), "'יר" (brooding, hatching, sitting). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | lappangás (latence, latency). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indonesian | inkubasi, penetasan. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | incubazione (brooding, hatching, incubating, insertion in the incubator). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 潜伏 (ambush, concealment, hiding). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | ふか (addition, annexation, appendage, bad, burden, empty show, frivolity, hatching, imposition, improper, inadvisable, levity, levy, load, shark, suburban districts, unjustifiable, wealthy family, within an urban-prefecture, wrong), ふら" (decompose, decomposition, hatching, space without columns, ulcerate, ulceration), ほうら", せ"ぷく (ambush, bottoms, concealment, freight space, hiding, shipping, ship's beam, ship's hold, side or bottom of a ship, tonnage), インキュベーション . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 외" (Cortex, Cortical, Cortices). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | guirr (brood, fester, hatch, hatching, incubate). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | incubationay incubação (breed, brooding, hatch, hatching, incubative), incubação, chocar (breed, brood, bump, cannon, hatch, hit, hurtle, incubate, jar, ram, scunner, set, shake, shock, sit, startle, strike, stun). (various references) incubaţie, profilitare, perioadã de incubaţie, clocire (hatch, sitting). (various references) инкубация. (various references) inkubacija. (various references) incubación (breed, breeding time, brooding, brooding time, hatch, hatching, incubation period, sitting). (various references) inkubering, inkubation, inarbetning, vätning av organiskt material, utveckling (cultivation, development, evolution, fosterage, growth, progress), ruvning (brooding, sitting), odling (cultivation, culture, farm, farming, growth, tillage), kläckning (hatch, hatching). (various references) kuluçkaya yatma, kuluçka dönemi (incubation period), civciv çıkarma (hatch). (various references) inkubasion (r). (various references) інкубація, інкубаційний період (delitescence), висиджування. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "incubation": incubations. (additional references) | |
| |
"Incubation" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: incubatiion, inculation, incurbation, incuvation, induation, Neubaten. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "incubation" (pronounced i'ngkyuwbā"shun) |
| 5 | -b ā" sh u n | approbation, exacerbation, masturbation, perturbation, probation. |
| 4 | -ā" sh u n | abbreviation, abdication, aberration, abomination, abrogation, acceleration, acclimation, accommodation, accreditation, accumulation, accusation, acidification, activation, adaptation, adjudication, administration, admiration, adoration, adulation, advocation, affectation, affiliation, affirmation, agglomeration, aggravation, agitation, alienation, allegation, alleviation, allocation, alphabetization, alteration, altercation, amalgamation, amelioration, amortization, amplification, amputation, animation, annexation, annihilation, annotation, anticipation, antidiscrimination, appellation, application, appreciation, appropriation, approximation, arbitration, argumentation, articulation, aspiration, assassination, assimilation, association, augmentation, authentication, authorization, automation, aviation, avocation, balkanization, bifurcation, calculation, calibration, cancellation, cannibalization, capitalization, capitulation, carnation, castration, categorization, causation, celebration, centralization, certification, cessation, cetacean, characterization, citation, civilization, clarification, classification, coagulation, codification, cogeneration, cogitation, cohabitation, collaboration, collectivization, colonization, coloration, colorization, combination, commemoration, commendation, commercialization, communication, communization, compensation, compilation, complication, computation, computerization, concatenation, concentration, conciliation, condemnation, condensation, confabulation, confederation, configuration, confirmation, confiscation, conflagration, confrontation, conglomeration, congratulation, congregation, conjugation, connotation, consecration, conservation, consideration, consolation, consolidation, constellation, consternation, constipation, consultation, consummation, contamination, contemplation, continuation, conversation, convocation, cooperation, coordination, coronation, corporation, correlation, corroboration, creation, cremation, criminalization, crustacean, culmination, cultivation, dalmatian, damnation, decaffeination, decapitation, deceleration, decentralization, decertification, declaration, decontamination, decoration, decriminalization, dedication, defamation, deflation, deforestation, deformation, degeneration, degradation, dehumanization, dehydration, deification, deinstitutionalization, delegation, deliberation, delineation, demarcation, demilitarization, demobilization, democratization, demodulation, demonization, demonstration, demoralization, denationalization, denomination, denuclearization, denunciation, depopulation, deportation, depravation, depreciation, depredation, deprivation, deregulation, derivation, desalination, desalinization, desecration, desegregation, desiccation, designation, desolation, desperation, destabilization, destination, determination, detonation, detoxication, detoxification, devaluation, devastation, deviation, dictation, differentiation, dilatation, dilation, discoloration, discontinuation, discrimination, disembarkation, disinclination, disinflation, disinformation, disintegration, dislocation, disorganization, disorientation, dispensation, disputation, disqualification, dissemination, dissertation, dissipation, dissociation, distillation, diversification, divination, documentation, domestication, domination, donation, dramatization, duplication, duration, echolocation, edification, education, ejaculation, elaboration, elation, electrification, elevation, elimination, elongation, emanation, emancipation, embarkation, emigration, emulation, enumeration, equalization, equitation, equivocation, eradication, escalation, estimation, evacuation, evaluation, evaporation, evocation, exaggeration, examination, exasperation, excavation, excitation, exclamation, excommunication, exfoliation, exhalation, exhilaration, exhortation, exhumation, exoneration, expatriation, expectation, experimentation, expiration, explanation, explication, exploitation, exploration, expropriation, extermination, extrapolation, fabrication, facilitation, falsification, fascination, federation, fermentation, fertilization, fibrillation, figuration, filtration, fixation, flirtation, flotation, fluctuation, fluoridation, foliation, formation, formulation, fortification, foundation, fragmentation, frustration, fumigation, gasification, gastrulation, generalization, generation, gentrification, germination, gestation, glaciation, globalization, glorification, gradation, graduation, granulation, gratification, gravitation, gyration, habitation, hallucination, harmonization, hesitation, hibernation, hospitalization, humiliation, hybridization, hydration, hydrogenation, hyperinflation, identification, illumination, illustration, imagination, imitation, immigration, immunization, impersonation, implantation, implementation, implication, importation, impregnation, improvisation, imputation, inactivation, inauguration, incantation, incapacitation, incarceration, incarnation, inclination, incoordination, incorporation, incrimination, incrustation, indemnification, indentation, indexation, indication, indignation, indoctrination, industrialization, infatuation, infestation, infiltration, inflammation, inflation, information, inhabitation, inhalation, initiation, innovation, inoculation, insemination, insinuation, inspiration, installation, instigation, institutionalization, instrumentation, insubordination, insulation, integration, intensification, internationalization, interpretation, interrogation, intimation, intimidation, intonation, intoxication, inundation, invalidation, investigation, invitation, invocation, ionization, irradiation, irrigation, irritation, isolation, jubilation, justification, laceration, lactation, legalization, legislation, levitation, liberalization, liberation, libration, ligation, limitation, liquidation, litigation, localization, location, lubrication, machination, magnetization, magnification, malformation, manifestation, manipulation, marginalization, maturation, maximization, mechanization, mediation, medication, meditation, menstruation, migration, mineralization, miniaturization, ministration, misallocation, misapplication, misappropriation, miscalculation, mischaracterization, miscommunication, miscreation, misidentification, misinformation, misinterpretation, misrepresentation, mitigation, mobilization, moderation, modernization, modification, modulation, molestation, monopolization, motivation, multiplication, mummification, mutation, mutilation, narration, nation, nationalization, naturalization, navigation, negation, negotiation, neutralization, nitration, nomination, nondiscrimination, nonproliferation, normalization, notation, notification, nucleation, nullification, obfuscation, obligation, observation, occupation, operation, optimization, oration, orchestration, ordination, organisation, organization, orientation, origination, ornamentation, oscillation, ossification, ostentation, ovation, overpopulation, overregulation, overvaluation, ovulation, oxidation, pacification, pagination, palpitation, participation, pasteurization, penetration, perforation, permutation, perpetuation, personalization, personification, perspiration, pigmentation, plantation, polarization, politicization, pollination, pontification, popularization, population, precipitation, predestination, prefabrication, premeditation, preoccupation, preparation, presentation, preservation, pressurization, privation, privatization, proclamation, procrastination, procreation, profanation, prognostication, proliferation, pronunciation, propagation, proration, prostration, protestation, provocation, publication, punctuation, purification, qualification, quantification, quotation, radiation, radicalization, ramification, ratification, rationalization, reaffirmation, realization, reallocation, reauthorization, recalculation, recantation, recapitalization, recertification, recitation, reclamation, reclassification, recommendation, reconciliation, reconfiguration, reconfirmation, reconsideration, recreation, recrimination, rectification, recuperation, redecoration, rededication, reevaluation, reexamination, reflation, reforestation, reformation, refrigeration, refutation, regeneration, regimentation, registration, regulation, rehabilitation, rehydration, reincarnation, reincorporation, reinterpretation, reinvigoration, reiteration, rejuvenation, relation, relaxation, relocation, remediation, remuneration, renationalization, renegotiation, renomination, renovation, renunciation, reorganization, reparation, repatriation, replication, representation, repudiation, reputation, reregulation, reservation, resignation, respiration, restoration, resuscitation, retaliation, retardation, reunification, revaluation, revelation, reverberation, revitalization, revocation, rotation, rumination, salvation, sanctification, sanitation, saponification, saturation, securitization, sedation, sedimentation, segmentation, segregation, sensation, separation, sequestration, simplification, simulation, situation, socialization, solicitation, sophistication, specialization, specification, speculation, stabilization, stagflation, stagnation, standardization, starvation, station, sterilization, stimulation, stipulation, strangulation, subluxation, subordination, subsidization, substantiation, suburbanization, suffocation, summation, superstation, syndication, tabulation, taxation, telecommunication, temptation, termination, titillation, toleration, transformation, transillumination, translation, transplantation, transportation, trepidation, triangulation, tribulation, undervaluation, unification, unionization, urbanization, usurpation, utilization, vacation, vaccination, vacillation, validation, valuation, vaporization, variation, vegetation, ventilation, verification, vibration, victimization, vilification, vindication, violation, visitation, visualization, vocation, vulgarization, westernization. |
| 3 | -sh u n | abduction, abolition, abortion, absolution, absorption, abstraction, academician, accession, accretion, acquisition, action, addiction, addition, admission, admonition, adoption, advection, affection, affliction, aggression, alliteration, alternation, ambition, ammunition, antiabortion, anticorruption, apparition, apportion, apprehension, ascension, ashen, assertion, assumption, attention, attraction, attribution, attrition, auction, audition, beautician, benediction, brutalization, caption, carburetion, caution, circulation, circumspection, clinician, coalition, coercion, cognition, collection, commission, commotion, compassion, competition, completion, complexion, composition, comprehension, compression, compulsion, compunction, conception, conceptualization, concession, concoction, concussion, condescension, condition, conduction, confection, confession, conjunction, connection, conniption, conscription, constitution, constriction, construction, consumption, contention, contortion, contraception, contraction, contradiction, contraption, contribution, contrition, convection, convention, conviction, convolution, convulsion, correction, corruption, counterrevolution, crucifixion, cushion, deception, decimation, decommission, decomposition, decompression, deconstruction, deduction, defection, definition, deletion, demolition, demotion, dentition, depiction, depletion, deposition, depression, dereliction, description, desertion, destitution, destruction, detection, detention, deterioration, devolution, devotion, diction, dietitian, diffraction, digression, dilution, dimension, diminution, direction, disaffection, disconnection, discretion, discussion, disinfection, disposition, disruption, dissatisfaction, dissection, dissension, dissolution, distinction, distortion, distraction, distribution, dysfunction, edition, egyptian, ejection, election, electrician, electrocution, elocution, emission, emotion, emulsion, encryption, erection, erudition, eruption, eviction, evolution, exaction, exception, excoriation, excretion, execution, exemption, exertion, exhibition, expansion, expedition, exposition, expression, expulsion, extension, extinction, extortion, extraction, extradition, faction, fashion, fiction, fission, flexion, formalization, fraction, freshen, friction, fruition, function, gentian, geriatrician, gumption, hessian, homogenization, hypertension, hypotension, ignition, impassion, imperfection, imposition, impression, inaction, inception, incineration, indiscretion, induction, infarction, infection, inflection, infliction, infraction, inhibition, injection, injunction, inquisition, inscription, insertion, inspection, institution, instruction, insurrection, interaction, interception, intercession, interconnection, interdiction, interjection, intermission, interruption, intersection, introduction, introspection, intuition, invention, junction, jurisdiction, juxtaposition, lilliputian, liposuction, liquefaction, locomotion, logician, lotion, magician, malfunction, malnutrition, mansion, martian, mathematician, mention, midsection, misapprehension, misconception, misimpression, misperception, mission, mortician, motion, munition, musician, nonaggression, nonfiction, nonprescription, notion, nutrition, objection, obsession, obstetrician, obstruction, ocean, omission, opposition, oppression, optician, option, overconsumption, overexpansion, overproduction, overprotection, overreaction, oversimplification, partition, passion, patrician, pediatrician, pension, perception, percussion, perfection, permission, persecution, petition, physician, politician, pollution, portion, position, possession, potion, precaution, precession, preconception, precondition, prediction, predilection, predisposition, preelection, preemption, preignition, premonition, prescription, presumption, presupposition, pretension, prevention, procession, production, profession, progression, prohibition, projection, promotion, proportion, proposition, propulsion, proscription, prosecution, prostitution, protection, ration, reaction, reassertion, reception, recession, recognition, recollection, recondition, reconstruction, redefinition, redemption, redirection, redistribution, reduction, reeducation, reelection, reflection, regression, reimposition, reinspection, reintegration, reintroduction, reinvention, rejection, remission, rendition, repercussion, repetition, reposition, repossession, repression, reproduction, requisition, resolution, restitution, restriction, resumption, resurrection, retention, retraction, retransmission, retribution, revolution, revulsion, rhetorician, sanction, satisfaction, secession, secretion, section, sedition, seduction, selection, session, solution, statistician, submission, subscription, subsection, substation, substitution, subtraction, succession, suction, superstition, supposition, suppression, suspension, suspicion, syncopation, tactician, technician, tension, theoretician, titian, traction, tradition, transaction, transcription, transection, transgression, transition, transmission, tuition, venetian, volition, workstation. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-b-c-i-i-n-n-o-t-u" | |
-1 letter: incaution. | |
-2 letters: continua, countian, inaction. | |
-3 letters: abiotic, actinon, anionic, auction, biontic, botanic, caution, contain, nicotin, unction. | |
-4 letters: action, anoint, atonic, bionic, biotic, biotin, bonaci, bonita, bunion, cannot, canton, cation, cobnut, incant, incubi, nation, niacin, niobic, nuncio, obtain, tannic, toucan, tunica, uncini. | |
-5 letters: about, acini, actin, ancon, anion, antic, bacon, banco, baton, binit, biont, biota, bunco, cabin, canon, canto, coati, cobia, conin, cotan, count, cubit, cutin, inion, ionic, niton, nubia, octan, ontic, tabun, tibia, tonic, tunic, unban, uncia, union. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-b-c-i-i-n-n-o-t-u" | |
+1 letter: incubations. | |
+2 letters: bifunctional, connubiality. | |
+4 letters: connubialities, nonjusticiable. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)49 6E 63 75 62 61 74 69 6F 6E |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
|
| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
|
| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
|
| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
|
Morse Code (1836) (references).. -. -.-. ..- -... .- - .. --- -. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
|
Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01001001 01101110 01100011 01110101 01100010 01100001 01110100 01101001 01101111 01101110 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)I n c u b a t i o n |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0049 006E 0063 0075 0062 0061 0074 0069 006F 006E |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
|
Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)43806987686786758180 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Slideshow 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Quotations: Non-fiction 8. Usage Frequency | 9. Expressions 10. Expressions: Internet 11. Translations: Modern 12. Derivations | 13. Rhymes 14. Anagrams 15. Orthography 16. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
