Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Immunology |
ImmunologyNoun1. The branch of medical science that studies the body's immune system. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
| Domain | Definitions |
Health | The study of the body's immune system. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Immunology is the study of the immune system and its reaction to pathogens, as well as its malfunctions (autoimmune diseases, allergies, rejection of organ transplants).
Living systems do not exist as totally separate entities: they are integrated into inclusive wholes. The sense of the unity of our body arises from proprioception, and within the body, the immune system decides between self and nonself.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Immunology."
Crosswords: Immunology |
| English words defined with "immunology": chemoimmunology ♦ Ehrlich ♦ immunochemistry, immunofluorescence, immunologic, immunological, immunologist, immunopathology, incompatibility ♦ Paul Ehrlich ♦ serologist. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "immunology": Allergy and Immunology ♦ Fluorescent Dyes ♦ Horseradish Peroxidase ♦ immunologic, immunological ♦ Mice, Knockout ♦ Transplantation Immunology ♦ VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGIST. (references) |
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Periodicals |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit |  | From Immunity to Cellular and Molecular immunology.Credit: National Library of Medicine. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Through NIAID studies on transplantation, scientists know more about basic immunology and how the human immune system works. (references) | |
In addition, there are gaps in our understanding of the immunology of anthrax and protection against anthrax via vaccination. (references) | ||
Further research will help answer this question and provide us a clue to the immunology that underlines infection and disease development. (references) | ||
Business | Other sub-sectors that are in constant demand include products in immunology and serology. (references) | |
In immunology, U.S. abbot lost a big market because of bad luck in choosing local distributors. (references) | ||
Economic History | Australia | The Australian medical R&D community is highly regarded in the fields of respiratory medicine, HIV/AIDS, oncology, and immunology. (references) |
Australia | Australia's scientific excellence is founded upon its expertise in a range of disciplines, including genetics, molecular biology, immunology, and plant and agricultural biotechnology. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Immunology" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 98.25% of the time. "Immunology" is used about 57 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 98.25% | 56 | 45,296 |
| Noun (proper) | 1.75% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 57 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "immunology": Allergy and Immunology ♦ Transplantation Immunology. Additional references. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
immunology | 273 |
journal of immunology | 75 |
american academy of allergy asthma immunology | 37 |
journal of allergy and clinical immunology | 32 |
allergy and immunology | 19 |
immunology nature | 16 |
clinical immunology | 11 |
avian immunology | 11 |
immunology pharmaceutical | 9 |
allergy american asthma college immunology | 9 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "immunology"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | imunologji. (various references) | |
Arabic | مناعة (immunity, impregnability, inviolability), علم المناعة في الطب. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | имунология. (various references) | |
Chinese | 免疫学 (immunologic, immunological). (various references) | |
Czech | imunologie. (various references) | |
Danish | immunologi. (various references) | |
Dutch | immunologie. (various references) | |
Finnish | immunologia. (various references) | |
French | immunologie. (various references) | |
German | immunologie. (various references) | |
Greek | ανοσολογία. (various references) | |
Hebrew | תורת "חסון. (various references) | |
Hungarian | immunológia. (various references) | |
Italian | immunologia. (various references) | |
Korean | 면역학 (immunologic, immunological). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | immunologyay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | imunubiológico, imunologia (immure). (various references) | |
Russian | иммунология. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | imunologija. (various references) | |
Spanish | inmunología. (various references) | |
Swedish | immunologi. (various references) | |
Turkish | immünoloji, bağışıklık bilimi. (various references) | |
Ukranian | імунологія. (various references) | |
Vietnamese | miễn dịch học. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Misspellings | |
"Immunology" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: immuniology, immunolgy, immunologial. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "immunology" (pronounced i'myuwnÄ"lujē) |
| 6 | -n Ä" l u j ē | biotechnology, chronology, criminology, dendrochronology, endocrinology, ethnology, Hymnology, limnology, penology, terminology. |
| 5 | -Ä" l u j ē | anesthesiology, anthology, anthropology, apology, archaeology, archeology, astrology, bacteriology, biology, cardiology, cosmetology, cytology, dermatology, doxology, ecology, embryology, entomology, epidemiology, epistemology, ethology, etiology, etymology, genealogy, geology, geomorphology, gerontology, graphology, gynecology, histology, ideology, kinesiology, meteorology, methodology, microbiology, micropaleontology, mineralogy, morphology, mycology, mythology, neurology, numerology, oncology, ontology, ophthalmology, ornithology, otology, paleontology, pathology, petrology, pharmacology, physiology, Pomology, psychology, radiology, rheumatology, seismology, serology, sociology, theology, toxicology, urology, virology, zoology. |
| 4 | -l u j ē | analogy, cosmology, elegy, eulogy, trilogy. |
| 3 | -u j ē | prodigy, strategy. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "g-i-l-m-m-n-o-o-u-y" | |
-3 letters: looming, moonily. | |
-4 letters: gloomy, gonium, logion, looing, loungy, lungyi, mongol, mooing, moulin, muling. | |
-5 letters: gloom, gluon, goony, goyim, gummy, igloo, lingo, lingy, linum, logoi, loony, lungi, lying, mingy, mogul, mongo, moony, mungo, noily, nomoi, ology, onium, yogin, yomim, young. | |
| Words containing the letters "g-i-l-m-m-n-o-o-u-y" | |
+5 letters: immunologically, immunopathology. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)49 6D 6D 75 6E 6F 6C 6F 67 79 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references).. -- -- ..- -. --- .-.. --- --. -.--. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01001001 01101101 01101101 01110101 01101110 01101111 01101100 01101111 01100111 01111001 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)I m m u n o l o g y |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0049 006D 006D 0075 006E 006F 006C 006F 0067 0079 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)43797987808178817391 |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Commercial 4. Images: Photo Album | 5. Quotations: Non-fiction 6. Usage Frequency 7. Expressions 8. Expressions: Internet | 9. Translations: Modern 10. Derivations 11. Rhymes 12. Anagrams | 13. Orthography 14. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
