Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

HOUGH

Definitions: HOUGH

HOUGH

Noun

1. An adz; a hoe.

2. Same as Hock, a joint.

3. The popliteal space; the ham.

4. A piece cut by butchers, esp. in pork, from either the front or hind leg, just above the foot.

5. The joint in the hind limb of quadrupeds between the leg and shank, or tibia and tarsus, and corresponding to the ankle in man.

Transitive verb

1. To cut with a hoe.

2. Same as Hock, to hamstring.

Source: Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)
 

Date "HOUGH" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1871. (references)


Specialty Definitions: HOUGH

DomainDefinitions

Bible

Hough to hamstring, i.e., sever the "tendon of Achilles" of the hinder legs of captured horses (Josh. 11:6; 2 Sam. 8:4; 1 Chr. 18:4), so as to render them useless. Source: Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Synonyms within Context: HOUGH

ContextSynonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).

Deterioration

Wound, stab, pierce, maim, lame, surbate, cripple, hough, hamstring, hit between wind and water, scotch, mangle, mutilate, disfigure, blemish, deface, warp.

Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

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Crosswords: HOUGH

English words defined with "HOUGH": Hockle, Houghed, HoughingMaster sinew. (references)
Specialty definitions using "HOUGH": Bessie Bell and Mary Graygeneralised Hough transformhough transform. (references)
Non-English Usage: "HOUGH" is also a word in the following language with English translations in parentheses.

Manx (cliff, shin).

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Photo Album: HOUGH

ThumbnailDescription & CreditThumbnailDescription & Credit

Yucca trees near Victorville, California Graham Brothers 1 and 1/2 ton truck Level party of F. W. Hough. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection.

Moving day in the Mojave Desert Level party of F. W. Hough. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection.

Level crew with the tools of the trade Sub-party of H. W. Hough Level party of H. W. Hough. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection.

Connecting the line - party chiefs shaking hands Fred E. Joekel on left - Floyd W. Hough on right. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection.

Camping in the shade in the desert Earthquake studies in Southern California Leveling and triangulation party of F. W. Hough. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection.

Campground at San Bernardino Earthquake studies in Southern California Leveling and triangulation party of F. W. Hough. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection.

The lightkeeper's camp at Station American Earthquake studies in Southern California Leveling and triangulation party of F. W. Hough. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection.

Photographed on board USS Argonne (AS-10), circa 1931. He was then serving as Chief of Staff to the Commander, Base Force, U.S. Fleet, Rear Admiral Henry H. Hough, USN. Credit: NAVY.

With officers of his staff, on board USS Argonne (AS-10), circa 1932. Seated in the front row are (left to right): Commander Leo L. Lindley, Aide & Force Material Officer; Captain Issac C. Kidd, Chief of Staff; Rear Admiral H.H. Hough, ComBaseFor; Captain Ellsworth H. Van Patten, (SC), Aide & Force Supply Officer; and Lieutenant Commander Jacob H. Jacobson, in charge of Battle Force Camera Party. Among those in the rear row are (in no particular order): Lieutenant Thomas F. Darden, Jr., Aide & Flag Secretary; Lieutenant Walter E. Moore, Aide & Force Personnel Officer; and Lieutenant Llewellyn J. Johns, Aide and Flag Lieutenant. Credit: NAVY.

  

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

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Usage Frequency: HOUGH

"HOUGH" is generally used as a noun (proper) -- approximately 90.00% of the time. "HOUGH" is used about 20 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Noun (proper)90%1882,615
Noun (singular)10%2245,945
                    Total100.00%20N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Name Usage Frequency: HOUGH

The following table summarizes the usage of "HOUGH" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified.
NameUsage/GenderUsage per 100
million Persons
Rank in USA
HoughLast name6,0002,002
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Expressions: HOUGH

Expressions using "HOUGH": generalised Hough transform hough transform. Additional references.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: HOUGH

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

guidice hough

49

david hough

4

hough

42

bakery hough

4

guidice hough realty

19

hough line point transform

4

hough transform

12

ear hough institute

3

hough payloader

10

hough william

3

charlie hough

9

80 hough loader wheel

3

estate guidice hough real

9

guidice hough realtor

3

hough loader

8

hough thornton

2

william r hough

8

robert hough

2

hough riot

5

deborah taylor hough

2

camp hough

5

hough kerry

2

stephen hough

5

christine hough

2

john hough

5

hough lauren

2

william r hough co

4

hough lauren

2
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translations: HOUGH

Language Translations for "HOUGH"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Bulgarian 

  

средната става на крака на кон, осакатявам (cripple, disable, dismember, emasculate, hamstring, hock, lame, maim, mangle, mutilate, nip). (various references)

   

Czech

  

hlezno koòské nohy. (various references)

   

Danish

  

hough-transformation (hough transform), generaliseret Hough transformation (generalised Hough transform). (various references)

   

Dutch

  

hough transformatie (hough transform), gegeneraliseerde Hough-transformatie (generalised Hough transform). (various references)

   

Finnish

  

Hough-muunnos (hough transform), yleistetty Hough-muunnos (generalised Hough transform), yleistetty Houghin muunnos (generalised Hough transform). (various references)

   

French

  

transformation de Hough généralisée (generalised Hough transform), transformée de Hough généralisée (generalised Hough transform), transformée de Hough (hough transform). (various references)

   

German

  

Hough-Transformation (hough transform), verallgemeinerte Hough Transformation (generalised Hough transform). (various references)

   

Greek 

  

γενικευμένη μετατροπή Hough (generalised Hough transform), ιγνυϊκός μετασχηματισμός (hough transform), μετασχηματισμός ιγνύος (hough transform). (various references)

   

Hungarian

  

térdhajlás, lovat megbénít ideg átvágásával. (various references)

   

Italian

  

trasformazione di Hough generalizzata (generalised Hough transform). (various references)

   

Manx

  

yskid (shank). (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

oughhay

   

Portuguese

  

jarrete de animal, botija de água quente. (various references)

   

Romanian

  

paraliza (cripple, crush, cut, neutralize, palsy, paralyse, paralyze, transfix). (various references)

   

Russian 

  

подрезать поджилки, поджилки (hamstring). (various references)

   

Scottish

  

iosgaid, easgaid (a hough; also iosgaid). (various references)

   

Spanish

  

tomar de (evolve), toma (administration, assumption, capture, fall, here, intake, outlet, reduction, seizure, shot, take, take that, takeoff, taking). (various references)

   

Swedish

  

generaliserad Hough-transform (generalised Hough transform). (various references)

   

Ukranian 

  

колінне сухожилля, жижки, підрізати жижки (hock), передня гомілка. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Bible Trace: HOUGH

LanguageDateSourceJoshua Chapter 11, Verse 6
Greek (transliterated)250 BCSeptuagintKai eipen kurioV proV ihsoun mh fobhqhV apo proswpou autwn oti aurion tauthn thn wran egw paradidwmi tetropwmenouV autouV enantion tou israhl touV ippouV autwn neurokophseiV kai ta armata autwn katakauseiV en puri
Latin405VulgateDixitque Dominus ad Iosue ne timeas eos cras enim hac eadem hora ego tradam omnes istos vulnerandos in conspectu Israhel equos eorum subnervabis et currus igne conbures
Middle English1395WyclifAnd the Lord seide to Josue, Ne drede thow hem, to morwe forsothe this same our Y schal taak hem alle to be woundid in the siyt of Yrael; the hors of hem thow shalt kut of the synewis at the knees, and the chaaris thow shalt brenne with fier.
Jacobean English1611King JamesAnd the LORD said unto Joshua, Be not afraid because of them: for to morrow about this time will I deliver them up all slain before Israel: thou shalt hough their horses, and burn their chariots with fire.
Victorian English1833WebsterAnd the LORD said to Joshua, Be not afraid because of them: for to-morrow about this time will I deliver them up all slain before Israel: thou shalt hough their horses, and burn their chariots with fire.
Basic English1964OgdenAnd the Lord said to Joshua, Have no fear of them: for tomorrow at this time I will give them all up dead before Israel; you are to have the leg-muscles of their horses cut and their war-carriages burned with fire.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Matched Bible Translations: HOUGH

LanguageJoshua Chapter 11, Verse 6
CebuanoUg si Jehova namulong kang Josue: Ayaw kahadlok tungod kanila; kay ugma niining panahona igahatag ko nga patay silang tanan sa atubangan sa Israel: Ikaw magakiting sa ilang mga kabayo ug magasunog sa ilang mga carro sa kalayo.
CroatianTada Jahve reèe Jošui: "Ne boj se njih, jer æu sutra u ovo doba uèiniti te æe svi biti pobijeni pred Izraelom; konje njihove osakati, a bojna im kola ognjem spali."
DanishMen HERREN sagde til Josua: "Frygt ikke for dem! Thi i Morgen ved denne Tid vil jeg lade dem ligge faldne foran Israel; deres Heste skal du lamme, og deres Vogne skal du brænde!"
DutchEn de HEERE zeide tot Jozua: Vrees niet voor hun aangezichten; want morgen omtrent dezen tijd zal Ik hen altegader verslagen geven voor het aangezicht van Israel; hun paarden zult gij verlammen, en hun wagenen met vuur verbranden.
FinnishSilloin Herra sanoi Joosualle: "Älä pelkää heitä, sillä huomenna tähän aikaan minä annan heidät kaikki voitettuina Israelin valtaan; heidän ratsujensa vuohisjänteet sinä katkot, ja heidän vaununsa sinä poltat tulessa".
FrenchL`Éternel dit Josué: Ne les crains point, car demain, ce moment-ci, je les livrerai tous frappés devant Israël. Tu couperas les jarrets leurs chevaux, et tu brûleras au feu leurs chars.
GermanUnd der HERR sprach zu Josua: Fürchte dich nicht vor ihnen! denn morgen um diese Zeit will ich sie alle erschlagen geben vor den Kindern Israel; ihre Rosse sollst du Lähmen und ihre Wagen mit Feuer verbrennen.
Haitian CreoleSeyè a di Jozye konsa: -Ou pa bezwen pè moun sa yo! Denmen, lè konsa, m'ap fè nou wè tout tonbe mouri la devan je nou. Nou menm, nou pral koupe jarèt tout chwal yo, epi n'ap boule cha yo.
Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hariTUHAN berkata kepada Yosua, "Jangan takut kepada mereka. Pada saat seperti ini besok, mereka semuanya sudah Kubunuh demi Israel. Kuda mereka harus kaulumpuhkan, dan kereta-kereta perang mereka harus kaubakar."
Indonesian-Terjemahan LamaMaka berfirmanlah Tuhan kepada Yusak: Janganlah engkau takut akan mereka itu, karena esok harilah waktu begini Aku menyerahkan mereka itu sekalian teralah kepada bani Israel, maka hendaklah kamu kerat urat kaki segala kudanya dan membakar habis segala ratanya dengan api.
MaoriNa ko te meatanga a Ihowa ki a Hohua, Kei wehi i a ratou: kia penei hoki apopo ka hoatu katoa ratou e ahau, mate rawa, ki a Iharaira: me whakangonge a ratou hoiho, me tahu hoki a ratou hariata ki te ahi.
NorwegianDa sa Herren til Josva: Vær ikke redd dem! For imorgen ved denne tid legger jeg dem alle sammen ihjelslått for Israels åsyn; deres hester skal du skjære hasene over på, og deres vogner skal du brenne op med ild.
PortugueseDisse o Senhor a Josué: Não os temas, pois amanhã a esta hora eu os entregarei todos mortos diante de Israel. Os seus cavalos jarretarás, e os seus carros queimarás a fogo.   
RumanianDomnul a zis lui Iosua: ,,Nu te teme de ei, cqci mkne, pe vremea aceasta, ki voi da bqtuyi pe toyi knaintea lui Israel. Cailor sq le tai vinele picioarelor, iar carqle lor sq le arzi kn foc``.
SpanishPero Jehovah dijo a Josué: --No tengas temor de ellos, porque mañana a esta hora yo entregaré muertos a todos ellos, delante de Israel. Desjarretarás sus caballos y quemarás sus carros.
SwedishMen HERREN sade till Josua: "Frukta icke för dem, ty i morgon vid denna tid vill jag själv giva dem allasammans slagna i Israels våld. På deras hästar skall du avskära fotsenorna, och deras vagnar skall du bränna upp i eld."

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Derivations & Misspellings: HOUGH

Derivations

Words ending with "HOUGH": although, chough, though. (additional references)

Words containing "HOUGH": aforethought, afterthought, afterthoughts, bethought, choughs, forethought, forethoughtful, forethoughtfully, forethoughtfulness, forethoughtfulnesses, forethoughts, merrythought, merrythoughts, methought, misthought, outthought, overthought, rethought, thought, thoughtful, thoughtfully, thoughtfulness, thoughtfulnesses, thoughtless, thoughtlessly, thoughtlessness, thoughtlessnesses, thoughts, thoughtway, thoughtways, unthought. (additional references)


Misspellings

"HOUGH" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Heeuggh, Hogh, Sheugh. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Anagrams: HOUGH

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Words within the letters "g-h-h-o-u"

-2 letters: hog, hug, huh, ugh.

-3 letters: go, ho, oh, uh.

 Words containing the letters "g-h-h-o-u"
 

+1 letter: chough, though.

 

+2 letters: choughs, thought, through.

 

+3 letters: although, ghoulish, hiccough, roughhew, roughish, thorough, thoughts, toughish.

 

+4 letters: bethought, hiccoughs, methought, rethought, roughhewn, roughhews, roughshod, throughly, unthought.

 

+5 letters: churchgoer, ghoulishly, hiccoughed, horselaugh, lighthouse, misthought, outthought, roughhewed, roughhouse, thorougher, thoroughly, thoughtful, thoughtway, throughout, throughput, throughway.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

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Alternative Orthography: HOUGH


Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

48 4F 55 47 48

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)

=

Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)

Braille (1829, in France) (references)

Morse Code (1836) (references)

....    ---    ..-    --.    ....

Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

01001000 01001111 01010101 01000111 01001000

HTML Code (1990) (references)

&#72 &#79 &#85 &#71 &#72

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

0048 004F 0055 0047 0048

British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

4249554142

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INDEX

1. Definition
2. Crosswords
3. Images: Photo Album
4. Usage Frequency
5. Names: Frequency
6. Expressions
7. Expressions: Internet
8. Translations: Modern
9. Bible Trace
10. Derivations
11. Anagrams
12. Orthography
13. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

 

 

 

 

Note to the press & webmasters - this dictionary can be linked, indexed, or referred to using the following non-English expressions:
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definisie, qartësi, përcaktim, saktësi, ‏الوضوحية في الشيء, ‏حد, ‏تحديد, ‏تعريف, ‏التحديد, ‏الإيضاحية, яснота, сила, очертания, дефиниция, 定義 , 定义, definice, deskriptordefinition, definitie, määritelmä, définition, ορισμός, "'"ר", "'בל", meghatározás, definíció, definizione, 確定 , ディーゼル電気車 , デ'ドロ酢酸 , デフィニション , ディフィニション , ていぎ, かくてい, 의, geyrid, meenaghey, keeayllaght, baght, definishon, definição, definiţie, determinare, definire, определение, definicija, definición, definition, açıklama, belirleme, belirtme, kesinleştirme, tanım, tarif, seçiklik, tanımlama, чіткість, тлумачення, виразність, визначення, дефініція, ясність, чітка чутність, sự định rõ, sự định nghĩa, lời định nghĩa sự định, diffiniad, darnodiad, for definition;
vertaling, transferim, transmetim, ‏ترجمة من لغة أجنبية للغة الأم, ‏ترجمة, ‏إفتتان, транслация, огъване, превод, предаване, поддаване, тълкуване, превеждане, 翻译, překlad, oversættelse, translatie, taajuusmuutos, translaatio, traduction, oersetting, Übersetzung, μετάφραση, תור'מ ות, תר'ום, "עתק", "עתק, fordítás, traduzione, 翻訳 , へい"ういどう, やくしょ, やくしゅつ, "うどく, ほ"やく, トランスレーション , やくじゅつ, ほ"やくしょ, 번역, tradukshon, tradução, translaţie, tãlmãcire, traducere, сдвиг, трансляция, перемещение, перевод, tumačenje, traducción, översättning, tercüme, процес перекладу, переклад, пояснення, переміщення, sự dịch, sự biến th nh sự giải thích, trosiad, for translation;
Bulgaars, Bulgaar, bulgr, ‏البلغارية, ‏بلغاري, Búlgaru, български, български език, българин, Bulgaryan, 保 利亚, bulharský, bulgarer, bulgarskt, bulgarialainen, Bulgaarsk, bulgare, 'ούλγαρος, bullgar, bolgár, bulgaro, 불가리아, Bulgeyragh, Bulgeyrish, Bułgar, болгарский, болгарин, bugarski jezik, bugarski, bugarka, bugarin, búlgaro, bulgar, bulgaristan ile ilgili, болгарський, người Bun-ga-ri tiếng Bun-ga-ri, for Bulgarian;
Tsjeggies, Tsjeg, çek, ‏تشيكي, ‏اللغة التشيكوسلوفاكية, ‏التشيكي أحد أبناء تشيكوسلوفاكيا, Checu, чешки, Sekoslovakyano, 捷克語 , 捷克语, 捷克 , èesky, èeské, èech, èeština, èeský, èeška, tjekker, tjekke, Tsjech, Tsjechisch, tjekkiskt, t?ekkiläinen, tchèque, Tsjechysk, Tscheche, tschechisch, Tschechin, Τσέχος, cseh, ceco, 체", Sheckagh, Sheckish, Czech, chèc, ceh, чешский, češki jezik, čeh, češki, checo, tjeck, Çek, çekoslovakyalı kimse, çekoslovakyalı, çek dili, чех, чеська мова, чеський, чешка, người Séc tiếng Séc, for Czech;
Deens, danisht, danishte, ‏لغة الدانمركية, ‏نوع كعك, ‏دانماركي, датски език, датски, Daniko, 丹麦语, dánský, dánština, danskur, danskt, tanskalainen, danois, Deensk, dänisch, δανικόσ, δανόσ, עו'ת שמרים, " י, dán, danska, Danmhairgis, danese, 덴마크, Danvargish, Danvargagh, danes, dinamarquês, danez, датский, danski, danski jezik, danés, dansk, danimarkalı, danimarka dili, датський, датська мова, tiếng Đan-mạch, for Danish;
Nederlands, Hollands, holandez, ‏هولندي, ‏اللغة الهولندية, холандски, немски език, холандски език, холандците, немски, Olandes, 菏蘭語 , 荷兰语, holandský, nizozemský, hollandsk, hollendskt, hollantilainen, néerlandais, Nederlânsk, holländisch, ολλανδικόσ, ολλανδόσ, holandisht, "ול "י, holland, hollenskur, Ollainnis, olandese, 네덜란", Belanda, Ollanish, Germaanish, Tatimana, nederlandsk, ulandes, hulandes, holandês, neerlandés, olandez, nemţesc, limba olandezã, german, голландский, holanđanin, u škripcu, holandski, holandés, bakratongo, holländsk, ชาวเนเธอร์แลน"์, เกี่ยวกับเนเธอร์แลน"์, รรยา, alman, eş, flemenkçe, holandaca, hollanda, karı, hollandalı, hollandalılara özgü olan, Hollandali, hollanda'ya ait, голландська мова, голландський, ngôn ngữ khó hiểu, "b xã", for Dutch;
Fins, finlandez, finlandishte, finlandisht, ‏اللغة الفنلندية, ‏فنلندية, ‏فنلندي, фински език, фински, Pinlandino, 芬蘭語 , 芬兰语, finský, finskt, suomi, suomalainen, finnois, Finlandaise, finlandais, finnisch, φινλανδικόσ, פי י, finn, finnskur, finnska, finlandese, 핀란", Fynlannish, Fynlannagh, finlandês, finês, finlandezã, финский, Finisi, finski jezik, finski, finlandés, finés, finsk, fince, finlandiya'ya özgü, фінська мова, фінський, tiếng Phần-lan, for Finnish;
Franse taal, Frans, franceze, francez, frëngjisht, frëng, frëngjishte, ‏فرنسي, ‏اللغة الفرنسية, ‏الشعب الفرنسي, gall, френски език, френски, Pranses, 法國 , 法文 , 法語 , 法语, francouzština, francouzský, franskur, franskt, ranskalainen, français, Frânsk, französisch, γάλλοσ, γαλλικόσ, γαλλική γλώσσα, γαλλίδα, צרפתי, צרפתית, francia, Fraincis, francese, フレコン化 , フランス" , 仏文 , 仏 , ふつぶ", フレンチ , フランセ , ふつ, "랑스, Perancis, Ny Frangee, Mooinjey ny Frank, frances, franses, francês, francezii, francezã, franţuzesc, franţuzeşte, французский, Falani, francuski jezik, francuski, francuzi, francés, sí-Fulentji, fransk, franska, fransızca, Fransiz, fransızca ile ilgili, fransız, fransa ile ilgili, французька мова, французький, Ffrengig, isiFulentshi, for French;
Duits, Duitser, Duitse taal, Germaan, gjerman, ‏ضرب من الرقص, ‏جرماني, ‏المانية, ‏الماني, ‏اللغة الألمانية, роден, германски, немски език, немски, немец, готически, германец, 德語 , 德语, 德文 , 德國 , nìmecký, nìmec, tysker, Duitse, týskur, týskt, týskari, saksalainen, Allemand, Dútsk, Deutsche, Deutsch, "ερμανός, gjermanisht, 'רמ י, 'רמ ית, német, þjóðverji, þýskur, GearmÚnach, GearmÚinis, tedesco, ジプシー音楽 , ジャーマン , 독일, todesch, Germaanagh, Garmane, Germaanish, Carmane, aleman, Niemiec, niemiecki, alemão, alemand, neamţ, немецкий, Siamani, germanski, alemán, Tudesku, Doysri, mjeremani, mdachi, sí-Jalimáne, tysk, เยอรมัน, าษาเยอรมัน, Alman, німкеня, німецький, німець, $sisters german$ chị em ruột, $cousin german$ anh chị em con chú bác ruột, sister, Almaenwr, isiJalimane, iliJalimane, iJalimane, for German;
Grieks, Griek, ‏الإغريقي, ‏يوناني, ‏اللغة اليونانية, Griegu, гръцки език, гръцки, грък, Griyego, 希臘語 , 希腊语, řecký, řeètina, řek, græker, grikst, kreikkalainen, grec, Gryk, Gryksk, Gryks, grieche, ελληνικόσ, 'Ελληνας, יו ית, יו י, görög, Grikki, greco, ギリシア語 , ギリシア", 그리스, Greagish, Greagagh, grego, grèc, greacã, греческий, Eleni, grk, grčki jezik, grčki, griego, grek, Yunanli, yunanlı, yunanca, yunan, Rumca, yunanistan'a ait, rum, грек, гречанка, грецька мова, грецький, kẻ cắp b gi gặp nhau, quân bạc bịp tôi không thể hiểu được điều đó thật l kỳ phùng địch thủ, người Hy-lạp tiếng Hy-lạp kẻ bịp bợm, kẻ lừa đảo, Groegwr, for Greek;
Hongaars, Hongaar, hungarez, ‏الهنغاري, ‏مجري, ‏هنغاري, ‏المجري, ‏اللغة الهنغارية, Húngaru, унгарски език, унгарски, унгарец, Hungaryan, 匈牙利語 , 匈牙利语, maïarský, maïar, maïarština, ungarer, Hongaarse, ungarskt, unkarilainen, hongrois, Hongaarsk, ungar, Ούγγρος, "ו 'רי, magyar, ungherese, 헝가리, Ungaarish, Ungaaragh, Węgier, ongrés, ungureşte, ungur, limba maghiarã, unguresc, maghiar, limba ungarã, венгр, венгерский, mađarski, mađar, mađarski jezik, húngaro, ungrare, ชาวฮังการี, macarca, macar, угорська мова, угорка, угорський, угорець, người Hung-ga-ri tiếng Hung-ga-ri, for Hungarian;
Italianer, Italiaans, Italiaan, ‏شخص إيطالي, ‏اللغة الإيطالية, ‏الإيطالي, ‏إيطالي, Italianu, италиански език, италиански, италианец, Italyano, 意大利 , 意大利語 , 意大利语, italština, italský, ital, italiener, italienskt, italialainen, Italien, Italjaansk, italienisch, Ιταλός, italisht, איטלקי, איטלקית, olasz, Ítali, IodÚilis, italiano, 이탈리아, Iddaalish, Włoch, italianã, italienesc, italieneşte, italian, итальянский язык, итальянский, итальянец, Italia, italijanski, italijanski jezik, italijan, sí-Taliyáne, italienare, italiensk, italienska, เกี่ยวกับอิตาลี, ชาวอิตาลี, าษาอิตาลี, italyanca, italyan, італі"ць, італійська мова, італійський, італійка, for Italian;
gjuha e popullsisë së ishullit men, manský, manština, manx, mann-szigeti nyelv, Gaelgagh, Yn Ghaelg, Manninish, Manninagh, язык жителей о-ва мэн, с о-ва мэн, s ostrva mana, los habitantes de la isla de man, lengua de la isla de man, de la isla de man, från ön man, man dili, man adası, менський діалект, менський, for manx;
Portugees, portugez, portugalisht, ‏اللغة البرتغالية, ‏البرتغالية, ‏البرتغالي, португалски език, португалски, португалец, Potuges, 葡萄牙语, 葡萄牙人 , 葡萄牙語 , portugalský, portugiser, portugisiskt, portugalilainen, portugais, Portugeesk, portugiesisch, πορτογάλοσ, ορτογάλος, portugál, Portaingéilis, portoghese, ポルトガル語 , ポルトガル", 포르투갈, Portiugish, Portiugagh, portugues, Portugalczyk, português, portughez, португальский, portugalski jezik, portugalski, portugalac, portugués, Mreno, si-Putúkezi, portugis, portekiz, Portekízlí, portekizli, portekizce, португальська мова, португальський, португалець, người B"-đ o-nha tiếng B"-đ o-nha, for Portuguese;
Roemeen, rumun, Rumanu, румънски език, румънски, румънец, Romanyan, 罗马尼亚语, rumunský, rumunština, rumæner, Roemeens, rumenskt, romanialainen, roumain, Roemeensk, rumäne, ρουμανόσ, Ρουμάνος, román, rumeno, 루마니아, Roomainagh, romeno, romanés, român, румын, румынский, rumunski, rumunski jezik, rumano, rumänsk, румунська мова, румун, румунський, румунка, for Romanian;
Russies, Rus, ‏الروسية, ‏روسي, ‏اللغة الروسية, Rusu, руски, руски език, руснак, Rusyan, 俄語 , 俄语, 俄文 , ruština, ruský, russer, russur, russiskt, venäläinen, Russysk, Russe, russisch, Ρώσος, רוסי, orosz, rússneskur, Rússi, Rúisis, russo, ロシア語 , ロシア", 러시아, Rooshish, Rooshagh, russisk, Rosjanin, русский, Lusia, ruski jezik, ruski, ruso, sí-Rashîya, ryss, ชาวรัสเซีย, rusça, росіянка, росіянин, російська мова, російський, người Nga tiếng Nga, for Russian;
Skots, skocez, шотландски, 苏 兰, skotský, Schots, skotskur, skotlantilainen, écossais, schottisch, σκωτσέζικο, σκωτικόσ, skót, skozur, scozzese, 스"틀랜", Albinagh, escocês, scoţian, шотландский, škotski jezik, škotski, škotlanđani, escocés, skotsk, iskoçyalı, шотланський, шотландці, шотландський діалект, for Scottish;
Spaans, Spaanse taal, spanjoll, ‏اللغة الأسبانية, ‏الأسبانية, ‏أسباني, испански език, испански, espanyoles, Espanyol, 西班牙语, 西班牙文 , 西班牙語 , španìlský, španìlština, spanskt, espanjalainen, espagnol, Spaansk, spanisch, ισπανικά, ισπανικόσ, ισπανοί, karaiñe'êmegua, ספר"ית, ספר"י, spanyol, SpÚinnis, spagnolo, スペイン語 , スパイ罪 , スペイン", スパニッシュ , 스페인, Spaainagh, Spaainish, spañó, espanhol, espanhòl, spaniolesc, spanioleşte, spaniol, испанский, Sipaniolo, španski jezik, španski, español, spanska språk, spansk, ispanyollar, ispanyolca, ispanyol, іспанська мова, іспанський, for Spanish;
Sweeds, suedez, ‏اللغة السويدية, Suecu, шведски език, шведски, швед, Swedis, 瑞典語 , 瑞典语, švédský, švédština, Zweeds, svenskt, ruotsalainen, suédois, Sweedsk, schwedisch, σουηδικόσ, σουηδικά, svéd, sænskur, Sualainnis, svedese, スウェーデン語 , スウェーデン", 스웨덴, Soolynish, Soolynagh, suèc, шведский, švedski jezik, švedski, sueco, svensk, เกี่ยวกับคน าษาและวั'นธรรมของประเทศสวีเ"น, isveççe, isveç dili, isveç, Ísveçlí, шведська мова, шведський, người Thuỵ điển tiếng Thuỵ điển, for Swedish;
乌克兰, for Ukranian;