Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Fez |
FezNoun1. A city in north central Morocco; religious center. 2. A felt cap (usually red) for a man; shaped like a flat-topped cone with a tassel that hangs from the crown. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "Fez" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1613. (references) |
Etymology: Fez \Fez\, noun. [French expression, from the town of Fez in Morocco.]. (references) |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The fez is a particular style of hat that originated from the city of Fez in Morocco. The fez is also known as the tarboosh (Persian sar-boosh for "head cover") and checheya.The modern fez is made of felt, shaped roughtly like a canister or truncated cone, tapering slightly towards the top where there is a tassle fixed to the middle of the flat top. This sort of fez is often worn by members of the Shriners fraternal organization.
About 980 AD, the haj was interruped, and the pilgrimages of those living west of the Nile were directed to Fez as to the Holy City. A manufacturer in Fez supplied a new style of headress that started to be widely used by the students of a particular school. The hat became a mark of intelligence, and came to worn all along the northern shores of Africa. This original form, still worn in Tunisia, Tripoli and Morocco, are two or three times longer than the ones most people think of, and have much longer and heavier silk tassels.
In 1826 Sultan Mahmud II of the Ottoman Empire was looking to break with tradition and update the official dress of the empire's civil service. He originally looked at a three-cornered hat of European descent, but his advisors pointed out that the three corners represented the holy trinity and he reconsidered. A shipment of fezzes had recently arrived from Tunisia, so they were selected instead. It was considered the special badge of a Turkish subject and all, even if not a Moslem, were obliged to wear it. Women wore fezzes as well, but the women's were smaller and without tassels. The transition to the fez was resisted for some time, but by the end of the century Turkey was swept up by a "Europeanization" wave and the fez became a loved symbol of nationality.
Fez formerly had a monopoly on the manufacture of the hat because it controlled the juice of the berry used to color them. However the discovery of synthetic aniline dyes in the 19th century allowed the manufacture spread to France, Germany and Austria. At the beginning of the 20th century Austria was the main center of the fez industry. The countries where the fezzes were extensively worn did not have a single fez manufacturing plant.
Kemal Ataturk, leader of the Young Turks, felt the fez was backward and dressed only in western, notably British, suits and styles. On August 30, 1925 he banned the fez in an attempt to push Turkey into the "modern world". This effort was resisted with some fury, to the point that several riots broke out and fezzes were seized as illegal contraband. By the 1930s the fez was almost gone in Turkey when one last attempt was made to re-introduce it by a group who planned to overthrow Ataturk. This ended in deadly results with a total of some nine people shot down the streets of Omelette, Turkey.
To do: Who was the haj interrupted by?
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Fez or Fes is the third largest city in Morocco, after Casablanca and Rabat, with a population of 940,000. It is one of the four so-called "imperial cities" (the others are Marrakesh, Meknes and Rabat).Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Fez."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
FEZ | English | Fez | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonym: FezSynonym: tarboosh (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Clothing | Headdress, headgear; chapeau, crush hat, opera hat; kaffiyeh; sombrero, jam, tam-o-shanter, tarboosh, topi, sola topi, pagri, puggaree; cap, hat, beaver hat, coonskin cap; castor, bonnet, tile, wideawake, wimple; nightcap, mobcap, skullcap; hood, coif; capote, calash; kerchief, snood, babushka; head, coiffure; crown; (circle); chignon, pelt, wig, front, peruke, periwig, caftan, turban, fez, shako, csako, busby; kepi, forage cap, bearskin; baseball cap; fishing hat; helmet; mask, domino. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Fez |
| Specialty definitions using "Fez": Haidee. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Fez" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses. French (fez), Hungarian (fez, fez, fezzes, fezzes, tarboosh), Italian (fez), Portuguese (fez, one made), Portuguese Brazilian (one made), Spanish (fez), Swedish (fez, tarboosh). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | If I was kiddin' you, I'd be wearin' a fez and no pants (Law & Order; writing credit: Peter Yeldham) Oh, the ladies want a piece of Fez! (That '70s Show; writing credit: Stacia Raymond) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Deus os Fez (1952) The Moonstone of Fez (1914) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Periodicals |
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Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit |  | President Theodore Roosevelt tips his hat in salute as he comes aboard the battleship, upon her return from the cruise around the World, circa 22 February 1909. In return, he is receiving a salute from the ship's officers. There are two Turkish Navy officers (wearing Fez hats) present, in the center of the image. Credit: NAVY. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | The city of Fez issued an international tender for the privatization of its landfill management, the study of which was completed by the American Firm Sadat. (references) | |
Economic History | Morocco | The Treaty of Fez (1912) made Morocco a protectorate of France. (references) |
Morocco | Major cities: Rabat (Capital), Casablanca, Marrakech, Fez, Tangier. (references) | |
Morocco | Karaouine University, in Fez, has been a center for Islamic studies for more than 1,000 years. (references) | |
Minorities | Morocco | On April 14, authorities in Fez banned a meeting scheduled to commemorate the anniversary of the cultural and political "Berber Manifesto." The Government also banned the Berber national conference scheduled for June 22 to 24, although it ultimately allowed the conference to be held in Rabat on November 9 to 11. The activists called on the Government to recognize and teach Berber languages; to provide more information about their culture in the press; and to end restrictions on registering Berber names for children. (references) |
Political Rights | Morocco | The Election Commission examined numerous petitions during the course of the electoral season in 1997 and recommended the reversal of over 60 municipal election results, including in Tangier, Khoribga, and Oujda, noted irregularities in four parliamentary races in Casablanca, Chefchaouen, and Fez, and called for the results to be set aside, which they were. (references) |
Trade | Azerbaijan | While legislation in the mid-1990s was to establish a FEZ in Sumgait, this project was never implemented. (references) |
Worker Rights | Morocco | In September 2000, authorities in Fez announced plans to open four centers for the protection of children handicraft workers. (references) |
Korea | However, there are no reports of special hiring and other labor practices in the FEZ, and it is believed that workers in the FEZ are carefully screened and selected. (references) | |
Korea | The minimum wage for workers in the FEZ is approximately $80 per month; in foreign-owned and joint venture enterprises outside the FEZ the minimum wage is reportedly close to $110 per month. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Fez" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 46.88% of the time. "Fez" is used about 32 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 46.88% | 15 | 90,616 |
| Noun (proper) | 43.75% | 14 | 93,893 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 6.25% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 3.13% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 32 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "Fez": fez-topped. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
fez ron | 170 | cafe fez time | 4 |
fez | 120 | fez picture | 4 |
fez morocco | 21 | fez jamai palais sofitel | 4 |
imperial fez | 18 | fez shrine | 3 |
fez hat | 16 | moroccan fez hat | 3 |
70s fez show that | 12 | fez shriner | 3 |
the red fez | 11 | austin fez red | 3 |
batik fez | 9 | fez quote | 3 |
fez and hotel | 7 | fatale fez | 2 |
fez nyc | 6 | fez marruecos | 2 |
dress fez turkish | 6 | 70s fez from show that | 2 |
fez mataam | 5 | 70s fez show | 2 |
fez ron show | 5 | fez travel | 2 |
ballroom fez | 5 | fez listen live ron | 2 |
boston fez red | 5 | fez picture ron | 2 |
atlanta fez imperial | 5 | deal fez hotel in morocco | 2 |
monkey fez | 4 | fez in time | 2 |
fez ron wjfk | 4 | fez providence red | 2 |
fez new york | 4 | fez red ruby | 2 |
cafe fez time under | 4 | fez ron underground | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "Fez"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | feste (holiday), qeleshe. (various references) | |
Arabic | طربوش (tarboosh). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | фес (guard). (various references) | |
Chinese | 菲斯. (various references) | |
Czech | egyptská èepice. (various references) | |
Finnish | fetsi. (various references) | |
French | fez, chéchia. (various references) | |
Greek | φέσι (drunk, flop, tarboosh). (various references) | |
Hebrew | תרבוש (turban). (various references) | |
Hungarian | fez (fezzes, tarboosh). (various references) | |
Indonesian | tarbus (Turkish style fez). (various references) | |
Italian | fez, fes (European Science Foundation, Federation EMMAUS-Switzerland;EMMAUS-Switzerland, ferrous sulphide, FeS). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | トルコ帽 (house trailer, sweat pants, sweat shirt, sweatshirt, tolerance, Tolstoy, toreador, toreador pants, tornado, torso, tortilla, trace, tracer, tracing, tracing paper, trade, trade money, trade show, trade union, trademark, trade-off, trader, trading, trading company, trail bike, trailer, trailer bus, trailer house, train, trainer, training, training camp, training pants, training shoes, training wear, training wizard, tray, tread, trekker, tremolo, trench coat, trenching, troubadour, very good). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | トルコぼう. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ezfay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | fez (one made), barrete árabe. (various references) | |
Romanian | fes. (various references) | |
Russian | феска (fez 2, tarboosh). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | fes (tarboosh). (various references) | |
Spanish | fez. (various references) | |
Swedish | fez (tarboosh). (various references) | |
Thai | หมวกสักหลา"ที่มียอ"แบน. (various references) | |
Turkish | fes (tarboosh). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | феска. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "Fez": fezes, fezzed, fezzes. (additional references) | |
| |
"Fez" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: ecz, eez, ef, Efh, Efk, efp, efs, efx, ez, falz, fas, Fayiz, faz, Fazl, fazn, fazu, fe, fea, fec, feez, fef, feg, Feh, fei, fej, fek, Fenzi, fep, feq, ferz, fes, fesw, fetz, fev, fex, feza, fezd, feze, fezi, fezo, fezs, fezy, fezz, Fhe, Fiaz, Ficz, fiz, fiza, foez, foz, fpe, frez, fuoz, fuz, fwes, fyz, fz, fzen, jez, nez, oez, rez, veez, vez, zef. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "Fez" (pronounced fe"z) |
| 2 | -e" z | chez, says. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "e-f-z" | |
-1 letter: ef. | |
| Words containing the letters "e-f-z" | |
+1 letter: faze, fuze. | |
+2 letters: fazed, fazes, feaze, feeze, fezes, froze, furze, fuzed, fuzee, fuzes. | |
+3 letters: defuze, feazed, feazes, feezed, feezes, fezzed, fezzes, fizzed, fizzer, fizzes, fizzle, foozle, fozier, freeze, frenzy, frieze, frized, frizer, frizes, frozen, furzes, futzed, futzes, fuzees, fuzzed, fuzzes, zaffer, zaffre. | |
+4 letters: defuzed, defuzes, fanzine, fazenda, feazing, feezing, fizzers, fizzier, fizzled, fizzles, floozie, foozled, foozler, foozles, foziest, frazzle, freezer, freezes, friezes, fritzes, frizers, frizzed, frizzer, frizzes, frizzle, furzier, fuzzier, refroze, unfazed, unfroze, zaffers, zaffres, zestful. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Quotations: Non-fiction | 9. Usage Frequency 10. Expressions 11. Expressions: Internet 12. Translations: Modern | 13. Abbreviations 14. Acronyms 15. Derivations 16. Rhymes | 17. Anagrams 18. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
