Enzyme

Definition: Enzyme

Enzyme

Noun

1. Any of several complex proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts in specific biochemical reactions.

Date "enzyme" was first used: 1881. (references)

Etymology: Enzyme \En"zyme\, noun. [Prefix en- (Gr. in) Greek expression leaven.]. (Websters 1913)

Specialty Definitions: Enzyme

Domain	Definitions
Chemistry	Organic substance produced by living cells; it has the property of causing and regulating specific chemical reactions inside or outside living cells, without itself undergoing any change in its chemical structure. Source: European Union. (references)
Food & Agriculture	Organic catalyst produced by living cells. Source: European Union. (references)
Health	A protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Crosswords: Enzyme

English words defined with "enzyme": 5-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase ♦ ACE inhibitor, activator, active site, angiotensin converting enzyme, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, antigen, apoenzyme, azymia ♦ beta-lactamase, biocatalyst ♦ catalase, catalatic, cholinesterase, chymosin, coagulase, Cox-1, Cox-2, cyclooxygenase-1, cyclooxygenase-2 ♦ de-ice, de-iodinase ♦ enterokinase, enzymatic ♦ factor III, factor X, favism, fibrinolysin ♦ galactosemia, glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutathione peroxidase ♦ histaminase, HMG-CoA reductase, hyaluronidase, Hyazyme, Hydrolytic ferment ♦ inborn error of metabolism, isomerase ♦ kinase ♦ lipase, lysozyme ♦ MAO, monoamine oxidase, muramidase ♦ nitrogenase ♦ oxidoreductase ♦ papain, penicillinase, pepsin, peptidase, phenylketonuria, PKU, plasmin, polymerase, proenzyme, protease, proteinase, proteolytic enzyme, prothrombinase ♦ reductase, renin, rennin ♦ sod, spreading factor, Steapsin, streptodornase, streptokinase, substrate, superoxide dismutase ♦ tenderiser, tenderizer, thrombin, thrombokinase, thromboplastin, trypsin ♦ zymogen, zymoid. (references)

Specialty definitions using "enzyme": 1,4-alpha-Glucan Branching Enzyme ♦ beta-site-APP-clearing enzyme ♦ detoxifying enzyme ♦ Enzyme Activators, enzyme inducer, enzyme inducing agent, Enzyme Induction, Enzyme Inhibitors, Enzyme Reactivators, Enzyme Repression, Enzyme Stability ♦ Glycogen Debranching Enzyme System ♦ oxidative enzyme ♦ pectic enzyme, pectolytic enzyme. (references)

Non-English Usage: "Enzyme" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses.

French (enzyme), German (enzymes).

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Modern Usage: Enzyme

Domain	Usage
Screenplays	What maybe happened is that he was so fearful of the cancer that his brain froze and stopped producing a chemical called Enzyme that his body needed. (Dad; writing credit: Gary David Goldberg)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Commercial Usage: Enzyme

Domain	Title
Books	Enzyme Assays: A Practical Approach (The Practical Approach Series, 257) (reference) Enzyme Kinetics: Behavior and Analysis of Rapid Equilibrium and Steady-State Enzyme Systems (Wiley Classics Library) (reference) Enzyme Nutrition (reference) Enzyme Structure and Mechanism (reference) Enzymes & Enzyme Therapy : How to Jump-Start Your Way to Lifelong Good Health (reference) (more book examples)

Periodicals	Ca Selects Plus: Enzyme Applications (reference) (more periodical examples)

Music	Engage the Enzyme (reference) (more classical music examples; more popular music examples)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Photo Album: Enzyme

Thumbnail	Description & Credit	Thumbnail	Description & Credit
	This illustration with and without text, titled "How Cancer Spreads" explains the process of metastasis. Once metastatic cells are attached to the basement membrane (a physical barrier that seperates tissue components), they break through with the help of an enzyme called type IV collagenase. Cancer cells then move through the blood stream enabling them to spread to other parts of the body. A secondary tumor may form at another site in the body. See artwork: GA-17.Credit: Jane Hurd (artist).		Tetrathionate enrichment broth contains bile salts, thereby, inhibiting the growth of gram-positive organisms, while salmonella, an organism which possess the enzyme tetrathionate reductase, grows uninhibited.Credit: CDC.
	Tetrathionate enrichment broth contains bile salts, thereby, inhibiting the growth of gram-positive organisms, while salmonella, an organism which possess the enzyme tetrathionate reductase, grows uninhibited.Credit: CDC.		Chemist Harold Griffin extracts an enzyme from a bacterium found in shipworms that is a powerful new stain remover for laundry detergents. P.Credit: USDA ARS News; photo by Keith Weller..
	Are you among the many American adults who have trouble digesting lactose? Then you may already know about the lactose-free products that we've developed by altering a bacterium used to make cheese and yogurt. It produces an enzyme that in turn breaks down the milk's lactose, sparing you and upset stomach. P.Credit: USDA ARS News; photo by Scott Bauer..		Fire ants will do anything to resist attack by the tiny phorid fly measuring only about one-sixteenthe of an inch. A highly specific natural enemy, the female pierces a fire ant's head and releases an enzyme that later decapitates it. P.Credit: USDA ARS News; photo by Sanford Porter..
	Production. Industrial alcohol. These 40,000 gallon tanks in the fermenting room of a converted whiskey distillery produce industrial alcohol by the action of yeast upon cooked grain whose starches have been changed to sugars by the enzyme action of malt.Credit: Library of Congress.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Non-Fiction Usage: Enzyme

Subject	Topic	Quote
Health		ACE - Angiotensin-coverting enzyme. (references)
		Also, as people age, their enzyme levels decrease. (references)
		They produce stomach acid and an enzyme that digests protein. (references)
Business		Previously, the market was dominated by aloe and shark liver products, followed closely by enzyme and calcium products. (references)
		China's main food additives are MSG (monosodium glutamate), enzyme preparation, citric acid, edulcorator, aromatics, emulsifiers, antiseptics, and antioxidants. (references)
		Therefore, China needs to import $100 million worth of food additives every year. These imports include sorbitol, dextrin and dematured starch, polyols, lysine, glutamic acid, MSG, propylene glycol, and enzyme preparations, among others. (references)
Travel	Bolivia	This medication inhibits the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, has a slight diuretic effect, and stimulates respiration. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Usage Frequency: Enzyme

"Enzyme" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.86% of the time. "Enzyme" is used about 730 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)

Parts of Speech	Percent	Usage per 100 Million Words	Rank in English
Noun (singular)	99.86%	729	9,262
Noun (proper)	0.14%	1	339,140
Total	100.00%	730	N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Expressions: Enzyme

Expressions using "enzyme": abomasal enzyme ♦ Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ♦ Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor ♦ Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ♦ Cre enzyme ♦ detoxifying enzyme ♦ Enzyme Activation ♦ Enzyme Activators ♦ enzyme inducer ♦ enzyme inducing agent ♦ Enzyme Induction ♦ Enzyme Inhibitors ♦ Enzyme Multiplied Immunoassay Technique ♦ Enzyme Precursors ♦ Enzyme Reactivators ♦ Enzyme Repression ♦ Enzyme Stability ♦ Glycogen Debranching Enzyme System ♦ hydrolytic enzyme ♦ Liver Enzyme Tests ♦ oxidative enzyme ♦ pectic enzyme ♦ pectolytic enzyme ♦ phase II enzyme ♦ proteolytic enzyme ♦ TNF alpha antigen converting enzyme ♦ unorganized ferment or enzyme. Additional references.
Hyphenated Usage
	Beginning with "enzyme": enzyme-catalysed, enzyme-conjugated, enzyme-desizing, Enzyme-Linked, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, enzyme-storage.
	Ending with "enzyme": antibody-enzyme, apo-enzyme, co-enzyme, endo-enzyme, Multi-enzyme, phospho-enzyme.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Enzyme

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.

Expression	Frequency per Day	Expression	Frequency per Day
enzyme	463	amylase enzyme	14
enzyme supplement	125	enzyme substrate	14
papaya enzyme	58	cpk enzyme	11
co enzyme q10	57	elevated enzyme level liver	10
liver enzyme	43	enzyme activity	10
co enzyme q 10	36	enzyme assay	10
digestive enzyme	32	enzyme technology	9
enzyme kinetics	27	angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor	9
enzyme diet	26	enzyme cleaner	9
angiotensin converting enzyme	21	co enzyme 10	8
lactase enzyme	20	enzyme reaction	8
enzyme treatment	19	enzyme deficiency	8
liver enzyme level	19	enzyme inhibitor	8
liver enzyme test	18	elevated enzyme liver	8
enzyme therapy	18	pancreatic enzyme	8
muscle enzyme	18	pectic enzyme	7
enzyme linked immunosorbent assay	16	co enzyme q	7
enzyme restriction	15	high liver enzyme	7
co enzyme	15	coq10 enzyme	7
ease enzyme	15	protease enzyme	7
		cleaners enzyme	7
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translations: Enzyme

Language		Translations for "enzyme"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
Albanian		enzimë (zyme), ferment (ferment, zyme). (various references)

Arabic		‏خميرة (barm, ferment, leaven, leavening, sourness, yeast), ‏إنزيمة. (various references)

Bulgarian		ензим. (various references)

Chinese		酵� (enzymes). (various references)

Czech		enzym, ferment. (various references)

Danish		enzym (diastase, ferment). (various references)

Dutch		enzyme, enzym, diastase (amylase, diastase, diastasis). (various references)

Farsi		انزیم , دیاستاز. (various references)

Finnish		entsyymi (diastase). (various references)

French		enzyme. (various references)

German		enzym (ferment). (various references)

Greek		ένζυμο (ferment). (various references)

Hebrew		מתסיס (ferment, fermenting), תסס (ferment, fizz, zyme), א� זים. (various references)

Hungarian		enzim. (various references)

Indonesian		enzim, ensim. (various references)

Italian		enzima (diastase, zyme). (various references)

Japanese Kanji		酵� . (various references)

Japanese Katakana		ぶ�"ちゅう (in the document), �"うそ (accusation, annual tax, appeal, founder of an empire, founder of dynasty or sect, prosecution, public tax, tribute). (various references)

Korean		효소 (enzymatic, enzymes). (various references)

Manx		ensyme. (various references)

Pig Latin		enzymeay

Portuguese		enzima (diastase, Eocene, ferment). (various references)

Romanian		enzimã, ferment (ferment, leaven, yeast). (various references)

Russian		энзим, фермент (ferment). (various references)

Serbo-Croatian		enzim. (various references)

Spanish		enzima (diastase, ferment). (various references)

Swedish		enzym. (various references)

Thai		เอนไซม์. (various references)

Turkish		enzim, ferment. (various references)

Ukranian		фермент (ferment), ензим. (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Ancestral Language Translations: Enzyme

Language	Period	Translations
Greek	700 BCE-300 CE	en-. (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Derivations & Misspellings: Enzyme

Derivations
	Words beginning with "enzyme": enzymes. (additional references)
	Words ending with "enzyme": apoenzyme, coenzyme, endoenzyme, exoenzyme, holoenzyme, isoenzyme, multienzyme, proenzyme. (additional references)
	Words containing "enzyme": apoenzymes, coenzymes, endoenzymes, exoenzymes, holoenzymes, isoenzymes, proenzymes. (additional references)
Misspellings
	"Enzyme" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: emzyme, enayme, ensume, entym, enyma, enzema, Enzi, enzime, enzym, enzyne, gensym, inzyme. (additional references)
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Anagrams: Enzyme

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Words within the letters "e-e-m-n-y-z"
	-1 letter: enemy, enzym.
	-2 letters: eyen, eyne, meze, neem, zyme.
	-3 letters: eme, eye, men, nee, yen, zee.
	-4 letters: em, en, me, my, ne, ye.
	Words containing the letters "e-e-m-n-y-z"
	+1 letter: enzymes.
	+2 letters: coenzyme, zymogene.
	+3 letters: apoenzyme, coenzymes, exoenzyme, isoenzyme, proenzyme, zymogenes.
	+4 letters: apoenzymes, endoenzyme, exoenzymes, holoenzyme, isoenzymes, proenzymes.
	+5 letters: endoenzymes, holoenzymes, multienzyme.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.