ELECTRONS

"ELECTRONS" is a plural of: electron.

Date "ELECTRONS" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1907. (references)

Health

Weather

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Crosswords: ELECTRONS

It's all just electrons. (Sneakers; writing credit: Phil Alden Robinson, Lawrence Lasker, and Walter F. Parkes.)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Books

• Electrons and Electromagnetic Fields in Nanometer-Scale Structures (reference)

• Electrons and Phonons: The Theory of Transport Phenomena in Solids (Oxford Classic Texts in the Physical Sciences) (reference)

• Electrons in Strong Electromagnetic Fields: An Advanced Classical and Quantum Treatment (reference)

• From Solar Photons to Electrons and Molecules (Series on Photoconversion of Solar Energy , Vol 1) (reference)

• Glass: Pray the Electrons Back to Sand (reference)

  (more book examples)

Music

• Electrons at Work [IMPORT] (reference)

  (more classical music examples; more popular music examples)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

A computer generated image displays focused, positively charged atomic particles. Proton beam therapy uses protons to destroy cancer cells, rather than electrons which are used in traditional radiation therapy. See artwork: GA-17 Horizons of Cancer Research. Credit: Unknown photographer/artist.

Mass Spectrometers produce high-energy electrons which break up the molecules for use in identifying substances. Credit: CDC.

Say Perce, what's the name for those nuts that are always chasin' atoms and electrons ... Credit: Library of Congress.

Our picture shows the control panel of the installation VEPP-2 with opposing charged particle beams in which they are going to realize collision of electrons and positrons with relative power of two thousand milliard electron-volts, being made at the Inst. Credit: Library of Congress.

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

Health

Ordinarily an oxygen molecule, like other molecules, has an even number of electrons in orbit. (references)

But the normal process of turning food into energy--metabolism--produces oxygen radicals with an odd number of electrons. (references)

Some researchers believe that oxygen free radicals--electrically charged molecules in which the number of electrons is not equal to the number of protons--generated by estrogen metabolism may play a major role in damaging reproductive tract tissue. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

Expressions using "ELECTRONS": beam of electrons ♦ concentration of electrons ♦ conduction electrons ♦ delta electrons ♦ density of electrons ♦ density of free electrons ♦ fat electrons ♦ highway for electrons ♦ planetary electrons ♦ tunnelling of electrons ♦ valence electrons. Additional references.

Danish

elektrontaethed (concentration of electrons, density of electrons, density of free electrons, electron density), E-lag (layer of relativistic electrons), elektron i den yderste skal (outer-shell electron, planetary electrons), elektroner emitteret fra vaeggen ved den fotoelektriske effekt (electrons emitted by photoelectric effect from the wall), elektronisk straale (beam of electrons, electron beam, electronic beam), elektronparring (pairing, pairing of electrons), elektronstraaler (beam of electrons, electron beam, electronic beam), elektrontal (number of electrons), elektronstråle (beam of electrons, electron beam, electron-beam, electronic beam), Geiger-taelleren reagerer paa roentgen- og gammastraaling paa grund af sekundaere elektroner loesrevet fra vaegmaterialet og fra gassen i taelleren (the Geiger counter responds to X- and gamma-radiations by virtue of the secondary electrons ejected from the wall material and the gas filling of the counter), ved den primaere ionisering loesrives hurtigeelektroner, som har en temmelig lang raekkevidde, og som ioniserer luften (high-speed electrons of a fairly wide range are released, owing to primary ionization, which ionize the air), hvis utilsigtet elektronemission, saakaldt anodeemission, optraeder ved ensretterroerets anode, accelereres de fra anoden emtitterede elektroner af denne hoeje spaending og bombarderes katoden (appears at the anode of the rectifier tube, if parasitic electron emission, known as reverse emission (back emission), the electrons emitted by the anode are accelerated by this high voltage and bombard the cathode), dannelsen af Chi-faserne begunstiges af tilstedevaerelsen af elektronacceptorer (the formation of the chi phases is promoted by elements, which readily absorb valency electrons), i skyggemaske-billedroeret afskaeres mere end 80% af elektronerne i den afsoegende elektronstraale af skyggemasken, saaledes at kun den resterende procentdel naar billedskaermen (in the shadow ώ-mask type of picture tube more than 8O% of the electrons in the scanning beam are intercepted by the mask, leaving only the remaining small percent to travel to the phosphor screen), retlinet udbredelse af sekundaere elektroner (straight-line propagation of secondary electrons), sekundaere elektroner kan dannes ved fotoelektrisk absorbtion af indfaldende roentgenfotoner (secondary electrons can be created by photoelectric absorption of the incident X-ray photons), sekundaer-elektroner (secondary electrons), tunneleffekt (tunnel effect, tunnelling of electrons), deltastråler (delta electrons, delta radiation, delta rays), de fra en gloedekatode udsendte elektroner accelereres af en elektrode med et hoejt potential (the electrons emitted by a thermionic cathode are accelerated by an electrode of high potential). (various references)

Dutch

elektronenbundel (beam of electrons, electron beam, electron-beam, electronic beam), eenzaam elektronenpaar (lone pair of electrons), E-laag (layer of relativistic electrons), elektronen welke door het foto-elektrische effect uit de wand vrijkomen (electrons emitted by photoelectric effect from the wall), elektronendichtheid (concentration of electrons, density of electrons, electron density), elektronenstraal (beam of electrons, electron beam, electronic beam), elektron uit de buitenste schil (outer-shell electron, planetary electrons), gedelocaliseerde elektronen (delocalized electrons), gepaarde elektronen (paired electrons), het ontstaan van chi-fase wordt bevorderd door de aanwezigheid van elementen die makkelijk valentie-elektronen absorberen (the formation of the chi phases is promoted by elements, which readily absorb valency electrons), tunneleffect (tunnel effect, tunnelling of electrons), paarvorming (pair creation, pair emission, pair formation, pair production, pairing, pairing of electrons), als de anode van een gelijkrichtbuis een parasitaire elektronenemissie vertoont, de zgn. tegenemissie, dan worden door de anode uitgezonden elektronen door deze hoogspanning versneld en bombarderen ze de kathode (appears at the anode of the rectifier tube, if parasitic electron emission, known as reverse emission (back emission), the electrons emitted by the anode are accelerated by this high voltage and bombard the cathode), rechtlijnige verbreiding va ώn secundaire elektronen (straight-line propagation of secondary electrons), secundaire elektronen kunnen ontstaan bij foto-elektrische absorptie van invallende rontgenfotonen (secondary electrons can be created by photoelectric absorption of the incident X-ray photons), dichtheid van vrije elektronen (density of electrons, density of free electrons), deltastralen (delta electrons, delta radiation, delta rays), de GM-telbuis reageert op rontgen- en gammastraling dankzij de secundaire elektronen die worden vrijgemaakt uit het wandmateriaal of de gasvulling van de buid (the Geiger counter responds to X- and gamma-radiations by virtue of the secondary electrons ejected from the wall material and the gas filling of the counter), de door een gloeikathode uitgezonden elektronen worden versneld door een v'ώo'ώor de kathode aangebrachte elektrode met hoog potentiaal (the electrons emitted by a thermionic cathode are accelerated by an electrode of high potential), bij de primaire ionisatie worden snelle elektronen met een vrij grote drach vrijgemaakt, die de lucht ioniseren (high-speed electrons of a fairly wide range are released, owing to primary ionization, which ionize the air), bij beeldbuizen met een schaduwmasker wordt ruim 8O % van de elektronen in de elektronenstraal door het masker opgevangen, zodat slechts een klein deel het fosforescerende beeldscherm treft (in the shadow ώ-mask type of picture tube more than 8O% of the electrons in the scanning beam are intercepted by the mask, leaving only the remaining small percent to travel to the phosphor screen). (various references)

Finnish

elektronitiheys (concentration of electrons, density of electrons, density of free electrons, electron density), elektronisuihku (beam of electrons, E-beam, electron beam, electron-beam, electronic beam, particle beam), elektronisäde (beam of electrons, cathode ray, E-beam, electron beam, electron-beam, electronic beam), E-kerros (E layer, layer of relativistic electrons), valenssielektroni (valence electrons), ulompi elektroni (outer-shell electron, planetary electrons), tunneliefekti (tunnel effect, tunnelling of electrons), sidoselektroni (valence electrons). (various references)

French

effet tunnel (tunnelling of electrons), electrons appariés (paired electrons), autoroute � électrons (highway for electrons), densité des électrons libres (density of electrons, density of free electrons), densité des électrons (concentration of electrons, density of electrons, electron density), densité électronique (concentration of electrons, density of electrons, electron density), dans le tube image du type masque perforé plus de 8O % des électrons du faisceau explorateur sont interceptés par le masque, permettant seulement au faible pourcentage restant d'arriver � l'écran phosphorescent (in the shadow ώ-mask type of picture tube more than 8O% of the electrons in the scanning beam are intercepted by the mask), couche E (layer of relativistic electrons), électron extérieur (outer-shell electron, planetary electrons), concentration électronique (concentration of electrons, density of electrons, electron density), doublet libre (lone pair of electrons), appariement d'électrons (pairing of electrons), appariement (pairing of electrons), électrons de valence (valence electrons), électrons de lacune (defect electrons), électrons délocalisés (delocalized electrons), électrons au centre du plasma (bulk electrons), couche annulaire d'électrons relativistes (layer of relativistic electrons), les phases chi sont favorisées par la présence d'éléments très avides en électrons (the formation of the chi phases is promoted by elements, which readily absorb valency electrons), si l'anode du tube redresseur présente une émission électronique parasite, dite contrémission, les électrons émis par l'anode sont accélérés par cette haute tension et bombardent la cathode (if parasitic electron emission, the electrons emitted by the anode are accelerated by this high voltage and bombard the cathode), rayons delta (delta electrons), rayons électroniques (beam of electrons, electron beam, electronic beam), rayonnement delta (delta electrons), propagation rectiligne des électrons secondaires (straight-line propagation of secondary electrons), paquets équidistants d'électrons (equally spaced bunches of electrons), doublet électroniqué (lone pair of electrons), nombre d'électrons (number of electrons), doublet isole (lone pair of electrons), les électrons secondaires peuvent naitre par l'absorption photo-électrique des photons (secondary electrons can be created by photoelectric absorption of the incident X-ray photons), le compteur Geiger répond aux rayons X et gamma en raison des électrons secondaires émis par les parois et la gaz dans le compteur (the Geiger counter responds to X- and gamma-radiations by virtue of the secondary electrons ejected from the wall material and the gas filling of the counter), ionisation (concentration of electrons, density of electrons, electron density), faisceau d'électrons (beam of electrons, electron beam, electron-beam, electronic beam), faisceau électronique (beam of electrons, electron beam, electronic beam), trainée d'électrons (trail of electrons), paire isolée d'électrons (lone pair of electrons). (various references)

German

Elektronen. (various references)

Greek 

ηλεκτρόνιο σθένους (outer-shell electron, planetary electrons), δέσμη ηλεκτρονίων (beam of electrons, electron beam, electronic beam), �"ευτερογενή ηλεκτρόνια μπορούν να δημιουργηθούν από φωτοηλεκτρική απορρόφηση φωτονίων ακτίνων Χ. (secondary electrons can be created by photoelectric absorption of the incident X-ray photons), �"ιάδοση των δευτερογενών ηλεκτρονίων σε ευθεία γραμμή. (straight-line propagation of secondary electrons), �"έσμη ηλεκτρονίων (beam of electrons, electron beam, electronic beam), αριθμός ηλεκτρονίων (number of electrons), ακτίνες δέλτα (delta electrons, delta radiation, delta rays), Στη λυχνία εικόνας τύπου μάσκας-σκιάς περισσότερα από 80% των ηλεκτρο-νίων στη δέσμη σάρωσης ανακόπτονται από τη μάσκα,αφήνοντας μόνο το υπό (in the shadow ώ-mask type of picture tube more than 8O% of the electrons in the scanning beam are intercepted by the mask, leaving only the remaining small percent to travel to the phosphor screen), Τα ηλεκτρόνια που εκπέμπονται από μία θερμιονική κάθοδο επιταχύνονται από ένα ηλεκτρόδιο υψηλού δυναμικού. (the electrons emitted by a thermionic cathode are accelerated by an electrode of high potential), δακτυλιοειδές στρώμα των ηλεκτρονίων σχετικότητας (E layer, layer of relativistic electrons), ηλεκτρονική πυκνότητα (concentration of electrons, density of electrons, electron density), Ο απαριθμητής Geiger αποκρίνεται στις ακτινοβολίες Χ και γάμμα λόγω των δευτερογενών ηλεκτρονίων που αποβάλλονται από το υλικό του τοιχώ-ματ� (the Geiger counter responds to X- and gamma-radiations by virtue of the secondary electrons ejected from the wall material and the gas filling of the counter), ηλεκτρόνια αγωγιμότητασ (conduction electrons), ηλεκτρόνια σθένους (valency electrons), ηλεκτρόνια κενής θέσης (defect electrons), φαινόμενο σήραγγος (tunnel effect, tunneling, tunnelling, tunnelling of electrons), χημική συγγένεια ηλεκτρονίων (valence electrons), πυκνότητα ελεύθερων ηλεκτρονίων (density of electrons, density of free electrons), πυκνότητα ηλεκτρονίων (concentration of electrons, density of electrons, electron density), σύζευξη ηλεκτρονίων (pairing, pairing of electrons), Ηλεκτρόνια εκπέμπονταν με φωτοηλεκτρικό φαινόμενο από τα τοιχώματα. (electrons emitted by photoelectric effect from the wall), Κατά τον ορωτογενή ιοντισμό,ελευθερώνονται μεγάλης ταχύτητας ηλεκτρό-νια αρκετά μεγάλης εμβέλειας που ιοντίζουν τον αέρα. (high-speed electrons of a fairly wide range are released, owing to primary ionization, which ionize the air), ηλεκτρονική δέσμη (beam of electrons, electron beam, electronic beam). (various references)

Hungarian

vegyérték-elektronok (valency electrons), valencia-elektronok (valency electrons). (various references)

Italian

effetto tunnel (tunnel effect, tunnelling of electrons), elettrone della corteccia esterna (outer-shell electron, planetary electrons), elettroni accoppiati (paired electrons), elettroni di valenza (valence electrons), elettroni emessi dalla parete per effetto fotoelettrico (electrons emitted by photoelectric effect from the wall), gli elettroni secondari possono essere generati dall'assorbimento fotoelettrico dei fotoni dei raggi X (secondary electrons can be created by photoelectric absorption of the incident X-ray photons), coppia di elettroni liberi (lone pair of electrons), densita di elettroni liberi (density of electrons, density of free electrons), densit� degli elettroni (concentration of electrons, density of electrons, electron density), densit� elettronica (concentration of electrons, density of electrons, electron density), durante la ionizzazione primaria si liberano elettroni veloci a lunga traiettoria che ionizzano l'aria (high-speed electrons of a fairly wide range are released, owing to primary ionization, which ionize the air), fascio elettronico (beam of electrons, E-beam, electron beam, electron-beam, electronic beam), autostrada per elettroni (highway for electrons), gli elettroni emessi dal catodo caldo vengono accelerati da un elettrodo ad alto potenziale (the electrons emitted by a thermionic cathode are accelerated by an electrode of high potential), strato E (E layer, layer of relativistic electrons), il tubo contatore Geiger rivela le radiazioni X e gamma grazie agli elettroni secondari emessi dalla parete e dai gas di riempimento (the Geiger counter responds to X- and gamma-radiations by virtue of the secondary electrons ejected from the wall material and the gas filling of the counter), la formazione delle fasi chi è favorita dalla presenza di elementi avidi di elettroni (the formation of the chi phases is promoted by elements, which readily absorb valency electrons), nel cinescopio del tipo a maschera perforata più dell'8O% degli elettroni del pennello analizzatore viene intercettato dalla maschera, e la piccola percentuale restante può raggiungere lo schermo fluorescente (in the shadow ώ-mask type of picture tube more than 8O% of the electrons in the scanning beam are intercepted by the mask, leaving only the remaining small percent to travel to the phosphor screen), numero di elettroni (number of electrons), pacchetti equidistanti di elettroni (equally spaced bunches of electrons), propagazione rettilinea di elettroni secondari (straight-line propagation of secondary electrons), raggi delta (delta electrons, delta radiation, delta rays), raggi elettronici (beam of electrons, electron beam, electronic beam), scia di elettroni (trail of electrons), se l'anodo della valvola raddrizzatrice produce una emissione elettronica parassita, detta controemissione, gli elettroni emessi deall'anodo sono accelerati da questa alta tensione e bombardono il catodo (appears at the anode of the rectifier tube, if parasitic electron emission, known as reverse emission (back emission), the electrons emitted by the anode are accelerated by this high voltage and bombard the cathode), strato anulare di elettroni relativistici (E layer, layer of relativistic electrons), formazione di coppie di elettroni (pairing, pairing of electrons). (various references)

Pig Latin

electronsay

Portuguese

electrao da camada externa (outer-shell electron, planetary electrons), efeito de tunel (tunnel effect, tunnelling of electrons), electrões emitidos pela parede por efeito fotoeléctrico (electrons emitted by photoelectric effect from the wall), electrões secundários (secondary electrons), os electrões emitidos pelo cátodo termoiónico são acelerados por um elétrodo de alto potencial (the electrons emitted by a thermionic cathode are accelerated by an electrode of high potential), o contador Geiger responde aos raios-x e gama em virtude dos electrões secundários emitidos pelas paredes e pelo gás no interior do contador (the Geiger counter responds to X- and gamma-radiations by virtue of the secondary electrons ejected from the wall material and the gas filling of the counter), número de eléctrons (number of electrons), feixe electrónico (beam of electrons, electron beam, electronic beam, particle beam), se o ânodo do tubo rectificador apresenta uma emissão electrónica "parasita",conhecida por contra-emissão,os electrões emitidos pelo ânodo são acelerados pela alta tensão indo bombardear o cátodo, os electrões secundários podem ser gerados pela absorção fotoeléctrica dos fotões incidentes (secondary electrons can be created by photoelectric absorption of the incident X-ray photons), camada de electrões relativistas (E layer, layer of relativistic electrons), propagação rectilínea de electrões secundários (straight-line propagation of secondary electrons), raios electrónicos (beam of electrons, electron beam, electronic beam), devido � ionização primária,electrões de alta velocidade de uma gama razoavelmente vasta são libertos,indo ionizar o ar (high-speed electrons of a fairly wide range are released, owing to primary ionization, which ionize the air), densidade electrónica (concentration of electrons, density of electrons, electron density), densidade de electroes livres (density of electrons, density of free electrons), camada E (E layer, layer of relativistic electrons), feixe de electrões (beam of electrons, E-beam, electron beam, electron-beam, electronic beam). (various references)

Spanish

en los tubos de imagen de placa perforada más del 80% de los electrones del haz de exploración son interceptados por la placa perforada, dejando que el resto alcance la pantalla fosforada (in the shadow ώ-mask type of picture tube more than 8O% of the electrons in the scanning beam are intercepted by the mask, leaving only the remaining small percent to travel to the phosphor screen), efecto túnel (tunnel effect, tunnelling of electrons), el contador Geiger responde a las radiaciones X y gamma gracias a los electrones secundarios emitidos por el material de las paredes y el gas que llena el contador (the Geiger counter responds to X- and gamma-radiations by virtue of the secondary electrons ejected from the wall material and the gas filling of the counter), electrón de capa externa (outer-shell electron, planetary electrons), electrón exterior (outer-shell electron, planetary electrons), electrones emitidos por efecto fotoeléctrico desde la pared (electrons emitted by photoelectric effect from the wall), electrones de valencia (valence electrons), rastro de electrones (trail of electrons), capa de electrones relativistas (E layer, layer of relativistic electrons), capa E (E layer, layer of relativistic electrons), debido a la ionización primaria se desprenden electrones de alta velocidad que ionizan el aire (high-speed electrons of a fairly wide range are released, owing to primary ionization, which ionize the air), densidad de electrones (concentration of electrons, density of electrons, electron density), densidad de electrones libres (density of electrons, density of free electrons), densidad electrónica (concentration of electrons, density of electrons, electron density), si en el ánodo del tubo rectificador se produce emisión de electrones parásitos, emisión inversa los electrones emitidos por el ánodo bombardean el cátodo, acelerados por el alto voltaje así producido (appears at the anode of the rectifier tube, if parasitic electron emission, known as reverse emission (back emission), the electrons emitted by the anode are accelerated by this high voltage and bombard the cathode), rayos delta (delta electrons, delta radiation, delta rays), pareja de electrones (pairing, pairing of electrons), autopista de electrones (highway for electrons), propagación rectilínea de los electrones secundarios (straight-line propagation of secondary electrons), tunelización de electrones (tunnel effect, tunnelling of electrons), haz de electrones (beam of electrons, E-beam, electron beam, electron-beam, electronic beam), haz electrónico (beam of electrons, electron beam, electronic beam, particle beam), los electrones emitidos por un cátodo termoiónico se aceleran mediante un electrodo de alto potencial (the electrons emitted by a thermionic cathode are accelerated by an electrode of high potential), número de electrones (number of electrons), paquetes de electrones igualmente espaciados (equally spaced bunches of electrons), se pueden generar electrones secundarios por absorción fotoeléctrica de los fotones (secondary electrons can be created by photoelectric absorption of the incident X-ray photons). (various references)

Swedish

elektrontätheten (density of electrons, density of free electrons), elektronstråle (beam of electrons, E-beam, electron beam, electron-beam, electronic beam), elektronparbindning (pairing, pairing of electrons), elektron i yttre skalet (outer-shell electron, planetary electrons), elektron i ett yttre skal (valence electrons), yttre elektron (valence electrons), valenselektron (valence electrons), tunneleffekt (tunnel effect, tunnelling of electrons), skikt med relativistiska elektroner (E layer, layer of relativistic electrons), fria elektrontätheten (density of electrons, density of free electrons), bindningselektron (valence electrons). (various references)

Derivations

Words ending with "ELECTRONS": antielectrons, photoelectrons. (additional references)

Misspellings

"ELECTRONS" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: electon, electronc, electrone, Elektron, lectron, selectrons. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

-1 letter: corselet, electors, electron, electros, encloser, ensorcel, entresol, lecterns, selector.

-2 letters: cenotes, centers, centres, cloners, colters, cornels, cornets, corslet, costrel, crenels, creoles, elector, electro, enclose, encores, estrone, lectern, lectors, necrose, nestler, relents, soleret, tenrecs, tercels.

-3 letters: cenote, censer, censor, center, centos, centre, ceorls, certes, cloner, clones, closer, closet, colter, contes, cornel, cornet, corset, coster.

+1 letter: centrioles, florescent, tolerances.

+2 letters: centerfolds, clinometers, electronics, enterocoels, fluorescent, prelections, reelections, reflections.

+3 letters: celebrations, coleopterans, convertibles, counterpleas, counterspell, counterstyle, crenelations, derelictions, efflorescent, electioneers, electrotonus, enterocoeles, fluorescents, intercoolers, intolerances, lectionaries, neorealistic, neuroleptics, nonelectrics, plecopterans, preelections, preselection, reescalation, reinoculates, telocentrics, thermoclines, underclothes.

+4 letters: accelerations, acetonitriles, antielectrons, ceremonialist, coelenterates, colinearities, concelebrants, concelebrates, conglomerates, considerately, containerless, conventiclers, coresidential, counterspells, counterstyles, courtlinesses, crenellations, decelerations, dechlorinates, directionless, ensorcellment, enterocoelous, enterocolitis, inclinometers, inoperculates, intersocietal, isoelectronic, microelements, nomenclatures, preadolescent, predilections, preselections, recollections, reconsolidate, reescalations, scleroprotein, selenocentric, tredecillions.

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