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Definition: Egyptian |
EgyptianAdjective1. Of or relating to or characteristic of Egypt or its people or their language. Noun1. A native or inhabitant of Egypt. 2. The ancient and now extinct language of Pharaonic Egypt; written records date back to 3000 BC. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "Egyptian" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1258. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | A type design of the Vox classification of a geometrical shape. Source: European Union. (references) |
Geography | Inhabitant of Egypt. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Ancient Egypt refers to the civilisation of the Nile Valley between about 3000 BC and the conquest of Egypt by Alexander the Great in 332 BC.See the following articles:
History of Egypt
Egyptian chronology
Egyptian hieroglyph
Egyptian language
Egyptian Museum
Egyptian mythology
Arts of the ancient world
Great Pyramid of Giza
Pharoah
Egyptology
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Ancient Egypt."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
See:This is a disambiguation page; that is, one that just points to other pages that might otherwise have the same name. If you followed a link here, you might want to go back and fix that link to point to the appropriate specific page.
- Coptic Christianity
- Coptic language
- Coptic alphabet
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Coptic."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A new page based on the new template is being worked on at Egypt/Temp, please make any changes you want to make on that page.
The Arab Republic of Egypt (Arabic: Jumhuriyat Misr al-Arabiyah, جمهوريّة مصر العربيّة, where Misr (مصر) is the word for Egypt) is a large nation of northeastern Africa(misr is derived from the name of misraem the grandson of noah). It includes the Sinai Peninsula, possibly considered part of Asia. The main area of habitation is along the Nile river. Large areas of land are part of the Sahara Desert and very sparsely inhabited.The capital city is Cairo (القاهرة). Other towns and cities include Alexandria, Aswan, Asyut, El-Mahalla El-Kubra, Giza, Hurgharda, Luxor, Kom Ombo, Port Safaga, Port Said, Sharm el Sheikh, Shubra-El-Khema, Suez, Zagazig
Israel, England and France invaded Egypt on October 29, 1956, occupied the Sinai and then withdrew on January 22, 1957.
From the CIA World Factbook 2000. Barely Wikified.
- History of Egypt
- Geography of Egypt
- Demographics of Egypt
- Politics of Egypt
- Economy of Egypt
- Communications in Egypt
- Transportation in Egypt
- Military of Egypt
- Foreign relations of Egypt
- Culture of Egypt
- List of famous Egyptian people
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Egypt."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Records of the Ancient Egyptian language have been dated to 2600 BC. It is part of the Afro-Asiatic group of languages and is related to Hamitic (North African languages) and Semitic (languages such as Arabic and Hebrew). The language survived until about 2 AD; its lifespan of some 2800 years makes it the oldest recorded language known to modern man.
Ebers Papyrus The official language of modern day Egypt is Arabic, which gradually replaced Egyptian and its descendant, the Coptic language as the language of daily life in the centuries after Egypt was colonized by Arab Muslims. Coptic is still used as a liturgical language in the Coptic Church.
Development of the Language
No language can last thousands of years without undergoing changes. These changes can be brought about by brute force, can be made to make the language easier and for many other reasons. Egyptian was no different and scholars group the Egyptian language into 5 major divisions:It should be noted that Egyptian writing in the form of label and signs has been dated to 3000 BC.
- Old Egyptian
- Middle Egyptian
- Late Egyptian
- Demotic
- Coptic
Old Egyptian was spoken for some 500 years from 2600 BC onwards. Middle Egyptian was spoken from 2100 BC for a further 500 years when Late Egyptian made its appearance. Demotic first appears in 650 BC and survived as a spoken language until 5 AD. Coptic -- the Bohraic dialect is still used by the Egyptian Christian Churches -- appeared at the end of the first century and survived as a written, living language until 2 AD.
Old, Middle and Late Egyptian were all written using hieroglyphs. Demotic was written using a script whose appearance is not dissimilar to modern Arabic script (although the two are not at all related). Coptic is written using the Greek alphabet with a number of symbols added for sounds that did not appear in Ancient Greek.
Arabic became the official Egyptian language after the Arabian invasions in the seventh century.
Egyptian Writing
Overview
Most people refer to the hieroglyphs when they speak about Egyptian writing. A hieroglyph is a picture of a real object, however hieroglyphs can be used in three distinct ways: as what they represent, as a concept related to what they represent or as the sound of the word they represent. For example, a picture of the sun may be taken to be the sun itself, light or heat (because the sun is both a luminary body and provides heat) or as the sound "sun". It is not commonly known that the later stages of Egyptian (Middle and Late) use hieroglyphs almost solely in the third usage whilst Demotic and Coptic abandoned the use of hieroglyphs completely.It is surmised that primitive people's first attempt at writing was to use the first method. Naturally, people are not able to write about objects or matters not able to be represented so the original hieroglyphs were extended to the second usage. Finally, people developed and practiced the idea of using the hieroglyphs not as a representation of what they actually were, but instead as a representation of sound.
The writing varied throughout the five stages of Egyptian. Old Egyptian uses a mixture of hieroglyphs as concrete representations and as symbols for sounds. Middle Egyptian uses the same mixture, although less concrete representations existed. Late Egyptian still used Middle Egyptian and much like English the spellings often did not change though the pronunciation did. Demotic uses a script called Demotic script and does not use any hieroglyphs at all. Finally, Coptic uses a modified version of the Greek alphabet. Nubian uses a similar alphabet, and some letters in the Cyrillic alphabet may come from Coptic.
The Language
Egyptian was a fairly typical Afro-Asiatic language. At the heart of Egyptian vocabulary was a root of three consonants. Sometimes there were only two, for example /rA/ "sun"; and some could be as large as five /sxdxd/ "be upside-down". Vowels and other consonants were then added to this root in order to derive words, in the same way as Arabic and other Afro-Asiatic languages do today. However, we do not know what these vowels would have been, since like other Afro-Asiatic languages, Egyptian does not write vowels; hence "ankh" could represent either "life", "to live" or "living". In transcription, /a/, /i/ and /u/ all represent consonants; for example, the name Tutankhamen was written in Egyptian /twt 'nkh ymn/ (the apostrophe represents a glottal stop). Experts have assigned generic sounds to these values in order to make the words pronounceable.Egyptian's basic word order is Verb Subject Object; where we would write "the man opens the door", Egyptians would say "opens the man the door". The early stages of Egyptian possessed no articles, no words for "the" or "a"; later forms used the words /pA/, /tA/ and /nA/ for this purpose. Egyptian uses two grammatical genders, masculine and feminine, similarly to French and Irish Gaelic; it also uses three grammatical numbers: like most other Afro-Asiatic languages, it contrasts singular, dual and plural forms. When saying something like "the man is red", the word "red" (dSrt in Egyptian) acts as a predicative verb.
Phonologically, Egyptian contrasted bilabial, labiodental, alveolar, palatal, velar, uvular, pharyngeal and glottal consonants, in a distribution rather similar to that of Arabic.
Hieroglyphs
About the Hieroglyphs
According to scholars, one needs to learn approximately 600 separate hieroglyphs to understand any given Egyptian text. Although this sounds like a large amount, it is made easier in that a smaller subset of these hieroglyphs represent the sounds of Ancient Egyptian. Provided you can remember the words the context will normally indicate the meaning of a hieroglyph.Hieroglyphs were generally etched into wood or carved into stone. The greatest surviving hieroglyphs are religious texts made for the benefit of the body's immortal Ka. A number of other examples exist showing a shorter, more flowing style of hieroglyph. These are called "cursive" hieroglyphs and were generally used in day-to-day correspondence. Less examples of these exist because they were written with reed brushes on papyrus as opposed to stone monuments and tombs.
It is unknown how the hieroglyphs were created. They seem to just suddenly appear out of nowhere. Scholars support two theories for this: the first is that some creative genius, or group of geniuses, simply invented the system and managed to get the support to implement it. The second theory is that we simply do not have copies of the hieroglyphs in their development stage because the materials used simply could not last the 3 or more millennia for us to view them.
Hieroglyphic Usage During the Five Stages of the Egyptian Language
Records show that hieroglyphic writing underwent the most significant changes during the Old Egyptian period. During the Middle Egyptian era, hieroglyphic stabilises and these hieroglyphs remain the same up until the disappearance of hieroglyphic in 1AD. Therefore, one only needs to learn Middle Egyptian hieroglyphic to understand the vast majority of Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphic texts.Hieroglyphic was used for all forms of written communication during the Old and Middle Egyptian eras. However, hieroglyphic was reserved for important religious texts during the Demotic era and was rarely found during the Coptic stage of Egyptian. Although difficult to ascertain, it appears that the memory of how to read hieroglyphic was almost forgotten by 1AD.
Hieroglyphic Syntax
As explained previously, the majority of hieroglyphs seen in any particular text do not represent the objects they depict. They mostly represent sounds or were used as "determinatives" to show what type of word was being used. Hieroglyphic could be written in the following ways:Written, cursive hieroglyphic is generally written in columns, top-to-bottom or horizontally, right-to-left. In the latter stages of hieroglyphic cursive the only surviving examples are written horizontally, right-to-left; vertical hieroglyphic should be read from top-to-bottom.
- horizontal, left-to-right
- horizontal, right-to-left
- vertical, facing left-to-right
- vertical, facing right-left
It is generally an easy task to determine which way to read the hieroglyphs even if you are unable to understand their meaning. Hieroglyphs with a definite front and back (for example, a person) will generally:
As an example, if a tableau contains a picture of a man seated and facing right, then all the hieroglyphs with a definite front and back would face to the right as well. The actual hieroglyphs would be read from right-to-left because these images almost always face the beginning of the sentence.
- face the beginning of the sentence
- face the same direction as any person or large object in a picture they describe
Hieroglyphic texts that do not display this behaviour are said to be in retrograde. Once one understands hieroglyphic it is easy to determine if one is examining a retrograde text because it will simply make no sense at all!
As an aid to reading, and perhaps to the Ancient Egyptian's sense of aesthetics, hieroglyphs were also packed together into neat patterns. In general, two or more short or thin (depending on which direction one was writing the hieroglyphs) would be written in the same block as each other. Occasionally, a tall or wide symbol would be made smaller and placed with another short or thin hieroglyph.
Finally, hieroglyphic had no standard punctuation. Religious texts generally have no punctuation at all, whilst texts from the latter part of the Ancient Egyptian language have full stops between important lines of thought.
How Hieroglyphic Writing was Deciphered
Until recently, given the time span we are talking about, the decipherment of hieroglyphic was hampered because those attempting to decipher the hieroglyphs assigned emotional meanings to the actual symbols used. For example, some people believed that the hieroglyph for son, a goose, was chosen because geese love their sons above all other animals. This hieroglyph was chosen, though, simply because the word for goose once had the same sound as the word for son. A further impediment was the lack of complementary material, that is to say material of the same work written in close proximity to another translation.Athanasius Kircher, a student of Coptic, developed the notion that this last stage of Egyptian could be related to the earlier Egyptian stages. Because he was not able to transliterate or translate hieroglyphic he could not prove this notion. However, in 1799 when the discovery of the Rosetta Stone occurred, scholars finally had an example of hieroglyphic, demotic and Ancient Greek that they were all reasonably certain were the translations of the same passage. In hieroglyphic, the name of the King or Pharaoh and God's names are often placed within a circle called a cartouche. Jean-François Champollion, a young French scholar, demonstrated how the name Kleopatra could be made in hieroglyphic. Furthermore, by using an impressive knowledge of Coptic he surmised that a number of symbols showing everyday objects could be pronounced as in Coptic.
Applying this knowledge to other, well-known hieroglyphic sources clearly confirmed Champollion's work and linguistic scholars now had a way to work with and delineate the language into nouns, verbs, prepositions and other grammatical parts.
Modern Day Resources
Interest in the Ancient Egyptian languages continue. For example, it is still taught in the Oxford University in London and other places. Many resources are in French or German and not just English so it can be useful to know one of these languages though not a requirement. In the film Stargate, a linguist was commissioned to develop a constructed language to simulate the tongue of ancient Egyptians living alone in another planet for millennia. While Egyptian culture is one of the influences of Western civilization, few words of Egyptian origin remain in English. Even those associated with Ancient Egypt were usually transmitted in Greek forms.
This book details Middle Egyptian grammar:
Allen, J. P. 2000. Middle Egyptian - An Introduction to the Language and Culture of the Hieroglyphs. First Edition. Cambridge University Press. United Kingdom.There are online resources at:
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Egyptian language."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Egyptian mythology (or Egyptian religion) is the name for the succession of beliefs held by the people of Egypt until the coming of Christianity and Islam. The timespan involved is nearly three thousand years, and beliefs varied considerably over time, so an article or, indeed, even one whole book, cannot do more than outline the many entities and subjects in this complex system of beliefs. Egyptian Mythology is different from Greek or Roman Mythology, in that in Egyptian Mythology most deities are of human body and animal head or vice versa.
The Articles
See http://touregypt.net/godsofegypt/ for the Egyptian Ministry of Tourism's extensive information on Egyptian Deities.
- Adim
- Aker
- Akh
- Amathaunta
- Ament
- Ammut
- Andjety
- Anget
- Ankt
- Anti
- Anubis
- Ap-uat
- Aten
- As
- Ba
- Ba-Pef
- Babi
- Bast
- Bes
- Buto
- Chem
- Chensit
- Chenti-cheti
- Chnum
- Dedun
- Djebauti
- Dua
- Duamutef
- Geb
- Hapi
- Harakhti
- Hathor
- Hatmehit
- Hedetet
- Heget
- Heh
- Hemen
- Hemsut
- Hesat
- Heron
- Hetepet
- Hez-ur
- Hike
- Horus
- Ihu
- Imiut
- Immutef
- Imset
- Isis
- Isten
- Juesaes
- Junit
- Ka
- Kemwer
- Khem
- Khentimentiu
- Khepri
- Kis
- Maahes
- Ma'at
- Mafdet
- Mendes
- Menhit
- Menthu
- Meret
- Meretseger
- Mnewer
- Nebtuu
- Nechmetawaj
- Neferhor
- Nenun
- Neper
- Nephthys
- Nunet
- Osiris
- Pachet
- Petbe
- Petesuchos
- Qetesh
- Ra
- Rat-taui
- Renenet
- Renpet
- Reret
- Resheph
- Ruti
- Saa
- Sachmet
- Sai
- Sechat-Hor
- Sed
- Sentait
- Sepa
- Septu
- Sesmu
- Set
- Shai
- Shait
- Sobek
- Somtus
- Sopdet
- Taouris
- Taurt
- Tenenit
- Thoth
- Toeris
- Uneg
- Unut
- Urthekau
- Wosyet
- Zenenet
(Note: This list came from Deities.)
Worship
Temples
temples as representations of the world... Some temples today are still standing, which you can see in Egypt. Others are in crumbles from wear and tear. Pharaoh Ramses II built a lot of temples in his day.known temples include Abu Simbel...
The World
Creation
Heaven and earth
The Nile
The Afterlife
Egyptian embalming
Since preservation of the body was instrumental in keeping the Ka and Ba souls, embalming was developed by the Egyptians around the 4th Dynasty.Burial
The book of the dead
The weighing of the heart
External influences
Libyan period
Ptolemaic period
Started with Ptolemy I of Egypt and ended with Cleopatra VII.
Roman period
The coming of monotheism
See also History of Egypt, Sun mythology
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Egyptian mythology."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The history of Egypt is the longest continuous history, as a unified state, of any country in the world. The Nile valley forms a natural geographic and economic unit, being bounded to the east and west by deserts, to the north by the sea and to the south by the Cataracts of the Nile. The need to have a single authority to manage the waters of the Nile led to the creation of the world's first state in Egypt in about 3000 BC. Egypt's peculiar geography made it a difficult country to attack, which is why Pharaonic Egypt was for so long an independent and self-contained state.
Once Egypt did succumb to foreign rule, however, it proved unable to escape from it, and for 2,300 years Egypt was governed by foreigners: Persians, Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, Arabs, Turks and British. President Nasser used to say that he was the first native Egyptian to exercise sovereign power in Egypt since the last Pharaoh, Nectanebo II, was deposed by the Persians in 341 BC, and he was only slightly exaggerating.
Egyptian has been divided by this encyclopedia into five periods:
- History of Ancient Egypt: 3000 BC to 332 BC
- History of Greek and Roman Egypt: 332 BC to 639 AD
- History of early Arab Egypt: 639 to 1517
- History of Ottoman Egypt: 1517 to 1882
- History of Modern Egypt: since 1882
Related articles
- Pharaoh
- Egyptian mythology,
- History of the Middle East
- History of Africa
- Aegyptus
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "History of Egypt."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| EGP | English | Egyptian pound | Geography |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Egyptian builders (The Spy Who Loved Me; writing credit: Christopher Wood) No, because it's the Egyptian goddess Bast, the goddess who comprehends all goddesses, eye of Ra, protector, avenger, destroyer, giver of life who lives forever (Dark Angel; writing credit: Ben Aaronovitch; Mark Ezra) I'm not Spanish, I'm Egyptian. (Highlander; writing credit: Gregory Widen, Peter Bellwood, and Larry Ferguson.) Egyptian or Hebrew I am still Moses (The Ten Commandments; writing credit: J.H. Ingraham; A.E. Southon) How Egyptian. (The Birdcage; writing credit: Jean Poiret; Francis Veber) | |
Lyrics | They walk the line like Egyptian (Walk Like An Egyptian; performing artist: The Bangles) They're walking like an Egyptian (Walk Like An Egyptian; performing artist: The Bangles) Walk like an Egyptian. (Walk Like an Egyptian; performing artist: The Bangles) | |
Movie/TV Titles | The Egyptian (1954) Egyptian Melodies (1931) His Egyptian Affinity (1915) The Last Egyptian (1914) Egyptian Market Scene (1903) | |
Song Titles | Walk Like An Egyptian (performing artist: The Bangles) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References | |||
Books |
| ||
Periodicals |
| ||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
High Tech |
| ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Egyptian tomb painting from 1450 B.C. showing officer with sounding pole Officer is telling crew to come ahead slow Engineers with cat-o'-nine-tails assuring proper response from engines. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |  | Interior, detail of south wall. Photograph by Jack E. Boucher, August 1970. (Reproduction Number: HABS TENN,19-NASH,13-7) The interior columns, moldings, and illusionistic fresco ornament shown here along the south wall of Nashville’s First Presbyterian Church are in the Egyptian Revival style, an exotic style of architecture that became popular in the first half of the nineteenth century following Napoleon’s conquests. The Egyptian Revival style is noted for its lotus-leaf-inspired capitals, bulging columns, and Egyptian gorges, the dramatically curved cornice topping many Egyptian buildings. Begun in 1849 by William Strickland, the architect of the Tennessee State Capitol, this is the largest and best-preserved Egyptian Revival church in the United States. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | [Papyrus Ebers- the greatest Egyptian medical document]. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |  | Women receiving their supply of contraceptive pills at an Egyptian family planning clinic. / WHO p. Credit: National Library of Medicine; photo by M. Jacot.. |
 | Egyptian Healey. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Egyptian gods shaped as the word "LIFE" with scarab and bird. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser shaking hands with Japanese chief delegate Tatsunosuke Takasaki at the Afro-Asian Conference--Chinese premier Chou En- lai is in center. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Egyptian women carrying their heavy water jars from the Nile, Cairo, Egypt. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Indian troops in East Africa. Indian sappers and miners serving in the Middle East keep in strict training. Here they are bridging a canal in the Nile River. The Egyptian and his camel make use of the suspension bridge, but the camel is not too certain. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Production. Magnesium. Like a scene in the Egyptian desert is the preparation area of Basic Magnesium's giant plant now nearing completion in the southern Nevada desert. The pyramidal form of 540 x 100-foot peat storage buildings is reminiscent of the Nil. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Egyptian sunset" by Paul Sloane Commentary: "Sunset in Sharm el Sheikh, Egypt." | "Egyptian plaque" by Stella Reese Commentary: "Ancient egyptian plaque from the egyptian museum in Charlottenburg." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | This I am sure, their civil policy is so new, so dangerous, and so destructive to both rulers and people, that as former ages never could bear the broaching of it; so it may be hoped, those to come, redeemed from the impositions of these Egyptian under-taskmasters, will abhor the memory of such servile flatterers, who, whilst it seemed to serve their turn, resolved all government into absolute tyranny, and would have all men born to, what their mean souls fitted them for, slavery. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Communist Manifesto | 1848 | It has accomplished wonders far surpassing Egyptian pyramids, Roman aqueducts, and Gothic cathedrals; it has conducted expeditions that put in the shade all former Exoduses of nations and crusades. (reference) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | Egyptian goods entering Germany shall enjoy the treatment accorded to British goods. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | Nevertheless, we will not forget that some Egyptian wheat was handed down to us by a mummy |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Kidney stones, one of the most painful of the urologic disorders, are not a product of modern life. Scientists have found evidence of kidney stones in a 7,000-year-old Egyptian mummy. (references) | |
Business | These are announced in the daily Egyptian press. (references) | |
Letters of credit are crucial to Egyptian trade. (references) | ||
Only wholly owned Egyptian banks were permitted to operate. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Egypt | Mahran was sentenced to 3 years' imprisonment and a fine of $46 (200 Egyptian pounds). (references) |
Egypt | The penalties include fines of up to $1,400 (6,000 Egyptian pounds) and prison sentences of up to 3 years. (references) | |
Yemen | In January a Sana'a court found al-Shumu' newspaper guilty of libeling Egyptian President Hosni Mubarek and ordered it to suspend publication for a month. (references) | |
Economic History | Egypt | Read by foreigners and the Egyptian elite. (references) |
Egypt | Ethnic groups: Egyptian, Bedouin Arab, Nubian. (references) | |
Egypt | Integrated IFF system for all Egyptian Armed Forces. (references) | |
Human Rights | Egypt | Abuse of power to inflict cruelty against persons is punishable by imprisonment of no more than 1 year or a fine of no more than $29 (125 Egyptian pounds). (references) |
Egypt | The Human Rights Center for the Assistance of Prisoners (HRCAP) reported that Mohammed Abdel Salam Mohammed Ali disappeared on January 13, 1995, in the upper Egyptian town of Malawi, Minya province. (references) | |
Egypt | On July 26, the Court of Cassation sentenced a police officer to 3 years in prison and a fine of $470 (2,000 Egyptian pounds) in connection with the June 1996 death of Ragab Mohammed in the Manshiet Nasser police station. (references) | |
Political Economy | EGYPT | Services Barriers: The Egyptian government controls many service industries. (references) |
EGYPT | Securities: International brokers are permitted to operate in the Egyptian stock market. (references) | |
EGYPT | The law permits foreign insurance companies to own up to 100 percent of Egyptian insurance firms. (references) | |
Trade | Egypt | All Egyptian products can be exported without obtaining export approvals. (references) |
Egypt | Domestic industries must comply with the specifications of Egyptian standard definitions. (references) | |
Egypt | The U.S. firm, Morgan Stanley, operates in the Egyptian market in partnership with a local firm. (references) | |
Travel | Egypt | Travelers and foreign residents are subject to Egyptian laws. (references) |
Egypt | A good Egyptian agent will help you a great deal in directing you to success. (references) | |
Egypt | When doing business in Egypt, be prepared to play it in the Egyptian tradition, or you may waste your time. (references) | |
Women | Egypt | In rare cases, this means that children who are born to Egyptian mothers and stateless fathers are themselves stateless. (references) |
Jordan | However, one southern tribe of Egyptian origin in the small village of Rahmah near Aqaba reportedly practices FGM. One local Mufti issued a fatwa stating that FGM "safeguards women's chastity and protects them against malignant diseases by preventing fat excretions." However, the Mufti also stated that as FGM is not a requirement of Islam, women who do not undergo this procedure should not be embarrassed. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Egypt | For government and public sector employees, the minimum wage is approximately $33 (140 Egyptian pounds) a month for a 6-day, 36-hour workweek. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | MEEKNESS, n. Uncommon patience in planning a revenge that is worth while. M is for Moses, Who slew the Egyptian. As sweet as a rose is The meekness of Moses. No monument shows his Post-mortem inscription, But M is for Moses Who slew the Egyptian. The Biographical Alphabet |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Egyptian" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 98.03% of the time. "Egyptian" is used about 1,016 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 98.03% | 996 | 7,382 |
| Noun (singular) | 1.18% | 12 | 101,599 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.79% | 8 | 124,375 |
| Total | 100.00% | 1,016 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name |
| Egypt | Egyptian American Bank S.A.E. |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "Egyptian": Egyptian bath sponge ♦ Egyptian bean ♦ egyptian capital ♦ egyptian cat ♦ Egyptian chlorosis ♦ Egyptian clover ♦ egyptian cobra ♦ egyptian corn ♦ egyptian cotton ♦ Egyptian cross ♦ egyptian deity ♦ egyptian Empire ♦ egyptian grass ♦ egyptian henbane ♦ egyptian lupine ♦ Egyptian millet ♦ egyptian monetary unit ♦ egyptian onion ♦ Egyptian ophthalmia ♦ Egyptian or East Indian ♦ egyptian paper reed ♦ Egyptian pea ♦ Egyptian pound ♦ Egyptian privet ♦ Egyptian reed ♦ Egyptian thorn ♦ egyptian vulture ♦ egyptian water lily. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "Egyptian": egyptian-backed, egyptian-made, egyptian-registered, egyptian-soviet, egyptian-speaking, egyptian-sudanese, egyptian-syrian, egyptian-trained. | |
Ending with "Egyptian": anglo-egyptian, israeli-egyptian, pro-egyptian, syrian-egyptian. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
egyptian | 1,847 | egyptian mau | 108 |
egyptian art | 692 | egyptian sex | 108 |
egyptian god | 682 | egyptian newspaper | 105 |
egyptian pyramid | 642 | egyptian girl | 100 |
egyptian symbol | 380 | egyptian cotton sheet | 93 |
card egyptian god | 358 | egyptian hieroglyphs | 93 |
egyptian tattoo | 238 | egyptian music | 86 |
egyptian jewelry | 220 | egyptian recipe | 86 |
egyptian mythology | 206 | egyptian costume | 85 |
egyptian name | 203 | ancient egyptian god | 82 |
egyptian hieroglyphics | 198 | egyptian theater | 81 |
card egyptian gi god oh yu | 157 | egyptian alphabet | 80 |
egyptian mummy | 153 | egyptian woman | 78 |
ancient egyptian | 146 | egyptian archaeology | 78 |
card egyptian god yugioh | 134 | egyptian writing | 77 |
egyptian goddess | 131 | egyptian clothing | 76 |
egyptian statue | 128 | walk like an egyptian | 76 |
egyptian food | 123 | egyptian god goddess | 76 |
egyptian history | 118 | egyptian artifact | 69 |
egyptian picture | 110 | egyptian gift | 68 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "Egyptian"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | Egipties, Egiptenaar. (various references) | |
Albanian | egjiptian. (various references) | |
Arabic | مصرية, مصري, المصري. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | циганин (gipsy, gypsy, rom, romany, zingaro), египетски. (various references) | |
Chinese | 埃及 (Egypt). (various references) | |
Czech | Egyptský, Egypťan. (various references) | |
Danish | Egyptiennne (Clarendon, Slab-Serifs), egypter, pladeserifskrift (Clarendon, Slab-Serifs), Clarendon (Clarendon, Slab-Serifs), ægyptisk. (various references) | |
Dutch | Egyptisch, Egyptenaar. (various references) | |
Esperanto | egipto, egipta. (various references) | |
Farsi | مصری . (various references) | |
Finnish | egyptiläinen. (various references) | |
French | égyptien. (various references) | |
Frisian | Egyptner. (various references) | |
German | Ägypter. (various references) | |
Greek | αιγύπτιοσ, αιγυπτιακόσ, Αιγύπτιος. (various references) | |
Hawaiian | egjiptian. (various references) | |
Hebrew | מצרי. (various references) | |
Hungarian | egyiptomi (wog). (various references) | |
Indonesian | bangsa mesir. (various references) | |
Italian | egiziano. (various references) | |
Korean | 이집트 (Egypt). (various references) | |
Manx | Eajiptagh. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | egyptianay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | egípcio. (various references) | |
Romanian | egiptean. (various references) | |
Russian | египтянка, египтянин египетский, египтянин, египетский. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | egipatski, egipćanin. (various references) | |
Spanish | egipcio, egipcíaco. (various references) | |
Swedish | egyptisk. (various references) | |
Thai | ชาวอียิปต์, ภาษาอียิปต์โบราณ. (various references) | |
Turkish | Misirli, mısırlı, mısır dili. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | циганський (bohemian, gipsy, gypsy, romany), циганка (gipsy, gypsy, romany), циган (bedouin, bohemian, gipsy, gypsy, romany), єгиптянка, єгиптянин, єгипетський. (various references) | |
Welsh | Eifftaidd. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Greek | 700 BCE-300 CE | Agyptios. (various references) |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | aegyptia, aegyptiae, aegyptiam, aegyptias, aegyptii, aegyptiis, aegyptio, aegyptiorum, aegyptios, aegyptium, aegyptius. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Acts Chapter 21, Verse 38 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Ouk ara su ei o aiguptioV o pro toutwn twn hmerwn anastatwsaV kai exagagwn eiV thn erhmon touV tetrakisciliouV andraV twn sikariwn |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Nonne tu es Aegyptius qui ante hos dies tumultum concitasti et eduxisti in desertum quattuor milia virorum sicariorum |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | And he seide, Kanst thou Greek? Whether thou art not the Egipcian, which bifor these daies mouedist a noise, and leddist out in to desert foure thousynde of men, mensleeris? |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | Arte not thou that Egypcian which before these dayes made an vproure and ledde out into the wildernes .iiii. thousande men that were mortherers? |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Art not thou that Egyptian, which before these days madest an uproar, and leddest out into the wilderness four thousand men that were murderers? |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Art not thou that Egyptian, who before these days madest an uproar, and leddest out into the wilderness four thousand men that were murderers? |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Are you by chance the Egyptian who, before this, got the people worked up against the government and took four thousand men of the Assassins out into the waste land? |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Acts Chapter 21, Verse 38 |
| Albanian | Mos je vallë ai Egjiptasi që disa ditë më parë ngriti krye dhe nxori në shkretëtirë katër mijë gjakësorë?''. |
| Cebuano | Dili ka ba diay mao kadtong Egiptohanon nga dili pa lang dugay naghimog kagubot ug midala sa upat ka libo ka tawo sa mga Manonunggab ngadto sa mga awaaw?" |
| Chinese | 你 莫 非 是 從 前 作 亂 、 帶 領 四 千 兇 徒 、 往 曠 野 去 的 那 埃 及 人 麼 。 |
| Croatian | Ti dakle nisi onaj Egipæanin koji je prije nekoliko dana pobunio i u pustinju odveo one èetiri tisuæe bodežara?" |
| Danish | Er du da ikke den Ægypter, som for nogen Tid siden gjorde Oprør og førte de fire Tusinde Stimænd ud i Ørkenen?" |
| Dutch | Zijt gij dan niet de Egyptenaar, die voor deze dagen oproer verwekte, en de vier duizend moordenaars naar de woestijn uitleidde? |
| Finnish | Etkö sitten olekaan se egyptiläinen, joka hiljakkoin villitsi ne neljätuhatta murhamiestä ja vei heidät erämaahan?" |
| French | Tu n`es donc pas cet Égyptien qui s`est révolté dernièrement, et qui a emmené dans le désert quatre mille brigands? |
| German | Bist du nicht der Ägypter, der vor diesen Tagen einen Aufruhr gemacht hat und führte in die Wüste hinaus viertausend Meuchelmörder? |
| Hungarian | Hát nem te vagy az az egyiptomi, ki e napoknak elõtte fellázította és kivitte a pusztába azt a négyezer orgyilkos férfiút? |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | "Kalau begitu, kau bukan orang Mesir itu yang tempo hari mengadakan pemberontakan lalu membawa lari empat ribu orang pengacau bersenjata masuk padang gurun?" |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Bukankah engkau ini orang Mesir yang dahulu menggerakkan huru-hara dan membawa ke luar empat ribu orang penyamun ke padang belantara itu?" |
| Italian | Allora non sei quell'Egiziano che in questi ultimi tempi ha sobillato e condotto nel deserto i quattromila ribelli?». |
| Latvian | Vai tu neesi tas çìiptietis, kas pirms daþâm dienâm sacçla dumpi un aizveda tuksnesî èetrus tûkstoðus sikarieðu vîru? |
| Maori | Ehara oi koe i te Ihipiana, nana nei i whakatupu te tutu i mua ake ra, a mauria ana e ia nga tangata kohuru e wha mano ki te koraha? |
| Norwegian | Er du da ikke den egypter som for nogen tid siden gjorde oprør og førte de fire tusen mordere ut i ørkenen? |
| Portuguese | Não és porventura o egípcio que há poucos dias fez uma sedição e levou ao deserto os quatro mil sicários? |
| Rumanian | Nu cumva ewti Egipteanul acela, care s`a rqsculat acum kn urmq, wi a dus kn pustie pe cei patru mii de tklhari?`` |
| Russian | фБЛ ОЕ ФЩ МЙ ФПФ еЗЙРФСОЙО, ЛПФПТЩК РЕТЕД УЙНЙ ДОСНЙ РТПЙЪЧЕМ ЧПЪНХЭЕОЙЕ Й ЧЩЧЕМ Ч РХУФЩОА ЮЕФЩТЕ ФЩУСЮЙ ЮЕМПЧЕЛ ТБЪВПКОЙЛПЧ? |
| Swahili | Kwani wewe si yule Mmisri ambaye hivi majuzi alianzisha uasi na kuwaongoza majahili elfu nne hadi jangwani?" |
| Swedish | Är du då icke den egyptier som för en tid sedan ställde till 'dolkmännens'* uppror, de fyra tusens, och förde dem ut i öknen?" |
| Uma | Ha bela-kowo iko to Mesir toe-e wengi to mpo'usoki ntodea, pai' mpakeni opo' ncobu tauna hilou hi tana' to wao' mpobabehi pe'ewa hi topoparenta?" |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "Egyptian": egyptians. (additional references) | |
| |
"Egyptian" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: aegyptica, aegyptii, egptian, Egyptair, Egyption, eygptian. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "Egyptian" (pronounced iji"pshun) |
| 5 | -i" p sh u n | conniption, conscription, description, encryption, inscription, nonprescription, prescription, proscription, subscription, transcription. |
| 4 | -p sh u n | absorption, adoption, anticorruption, assumption, caption, conception, consumption, contraception, contraption, corruption, deception, disruption, eruption, exception, exemption, gumption, inception, interception, interruption, misconception, misperception, option, overconsumption, perception, preconception, preemption, presumption, reception, redemption, resumption. |
| 3 | -sh u n | facilitation, faction, falsification, fascination, fashion, federation, fermentation, fertilization, fibrillation, fiction, figuration, filtration, fission, abrogation, absolution, abstraction, academician, acceleration, accession, acclimation, accommodation, abbreviation, abdication, abduction, aberration, abolition, abomination, abortion, accreditation, accretion, accumulation, accusation, acidification, acquisition, action, activation, adaptation, addiction, addition, adjudication, administration, admiration, admission, admonition, adoration, adulation, advection, advocation, affectation, affection, affiliation, affirmation, affliction, agglomeration, aggravation, aggression, agitation, alienation, allegation, alleviation, alliteration, allocation, alphabetization, alteration, altercation, alternation, amalgamation, ambition, amelioration, ammunition, amortization, amplification, amputation, animation, annexation, annihilation, annotation, antiabortion, anticipation, antidiscrimination, apparition, appellation, application, apportion, appreciation, apprehension, approbation, appropriation, approximation, arbitration, argumentation, articulation, ascension, ashen, aspiration, assassination, assertion, assimilation, association, attention, attraction, attribution, attrition, auction, audition, augmentation, authentication, authorization, automation, aviation, avocation, balkanization, beautician, benediction, bifurcation, brutalization, calculation, calibration, cancellation, cannibalization, capitalization, capitulation, carburetion, carnation, castration, categorization, causation, caution, celebration, centralization, certification, cessation, cetacean, characterization, circulation, circumspection, citation, civilization, clarification, classification, clinician, coagulation, coalition, codification, coercion, cogeneration, cogitation, cognition, cohabitation, collaboration, collection, collectivization, colonization, coloration, colorization, combination, commemoration, commendation, commercialization, commission, commotion, communication, communization, compassion, compensation, competition, compilation, completion, complexion, complication, composition, comprehension, compression, compulsion, compunction, computation, computerization, concatenation, concentration, conceptualization, concession, conciliation, concoction, concussion, condemnation, condensation, condescension, condition, conduction, confabulation, confection, confederation, confession, configuration, confirmation, confiscation, conflagration, confrontation, conglomeration, congratulation, congregation, conjugation, conjunction, connection, connotation, consecration, conservation, consideration, consolation, consolidation, constellation, consternation, constipation, constitution, constriction, construction, consultation, consummation, contamination, contemplation, contention, continuation, contortion, contraction, contradiction, contribution, contrition, convection, convention, conversation, conviction, convocation, convolution, convulsion, cooperation, coordination, coronation, corporation, correction, correlation, corroboration, counterrevolution, creation, cremation, criminalization, crucifixion, crustacean, culmination, cultivation, cushion, dalmatian, damnation, decaffeination, decapitation, deceleration, decentralization, decertification, decimation, declaration, decommission, decomposition, decompression, deconstruction, decontamination, decoration, decriminalization, dedication, deduction, defamation, defection, definition, deflation, deforestation, deformation, degeneration, degradation, dehumanization, dehydration, deification, deinstitutionalization, delegation, deletion, deliberation, delineation, demarcation, demilitarization, demobilization, democratization, demodulation, demolition, demonization, demonstration, demoralization, demotion, denationalization, denomination, dentition, denuclearization, denunciation, depiction, depletion, depopulation, deportation, deposition, depravation, depreciation, depredation, depression, deprivation, deregulation, dereliction, derivation, desalination, desalinization, desecration, desegregation, desertion, desiccation, designation, desolation, desperation, destabilization, destination, destitution, destruction, detection, detention, deterioration, determination, detonation, detoxication, detoxification, devaluation, devastation, deviation, devolution, devotion, dictation, diction, dietitian, differentiation, diffraction, digression, dilatation, dilation, dilution, dimension, diminution, direction, disaffection, discoloration, disconnection, discontinuation, discretion, discrimination, discussion, disembarkation, disinclination, disinfection, disinflation, disinformation, disintegration, dislocation, disorganization, disorientation, dispensation, disposition, disputation, disqualification, dissatisfaction, dissection, dissemination, dissension, dissertation, dissipation, dissociation, dissolution, distillation, distinction, distortion, distraction, distribution, diversification, divination, documentation, domestication, domination, donation, dramatization, duplication, duration, dysfunction, echolocation, edification, edition, education, ejaculation, ejection, elaboration, elation, election, electrician, electrification, electrocution, elevation, elimination, elocution, elongation, emanation, emancipation, embarkation, emigration, emission, emotion, emulation, emulsion, enumeration, equalization, equitation, equivocation, eradication, erection, erudition, escalation, estimation, evacuation, evaluation, evaporation, eviction, evocation, evolution, exacerbation, exaction, exaggeration, examination, exasperation, excavation, excitation, exclamation, excommunication, excoriation, excretion, execution, exertion, exfoliation, exhalation, exhibition, exhilaration, exhortation, exhumation, exoneration, expansion, expatriation, expectation, expedition, experimentation, expiration, explanation, explication, exploitation, exploration, exposition, expression, expropriation, expulsion, extension, extermination, extinction, extortion, extraction, extradition, extrapolation, fabrication, fixation, flexion, flirtation, flotation, fluctuation, fluoridation, foliation, formalization, formation, formulation, fortification, foundation, fraction, fragmentation, freshen, friction, fruition, frustration, fumigation, function, gasification, gastrulation, generalization, generation, gentian, gentrification, geriatrician, germination, gestation, glaciation, globalization, glorification, gradation, graduation, granulation, gratification, gravitation, gyration, habitation, hallucination, harmonization, hesitation, hessian, hibernation, homogenization, hospitalization, humiliation, hybridization, hydration, hydrogenation, hyperinflation, hypertension, hypotension, identification, ignition, illumination, illustration, imagination, imitation, immigration, immunization, impassion, imperfection, impersonation, implantation, implementation, implication, importation, imposition, impregnation, impression, improvisation, imputation, inaction, inactivation, inauguration, incantation, incapacitation, incarceration, incarnation, incineration, inclination, incoordination, incorporation, incrimination, incrustation, incubation, indemnification, indentation, indexation, indication, indignation, indiscretion, indoctrination, induction, industrialization, infarction, infatuation, infection, infestation, infiltration, inflammation, inflation, inflection, infliction, information, infraction, inhabitation, inhalation, inhibition, initiation, injection, injunction, innovation, inoculation, inquisition, insemination, insertion, insinuation, inspection, inspiration, installation, instigation, institution, institutionalization, instruction, instrumentation, insubordination, insulation, insurrection, integration, intensification, interaction, intercession, interconnection, interdiction, interjection, intermission, internationalization, interpretation, interrogation, intersection, intimation, intimidation, intonation, intoxication, introduction, introspection, intuition, inundation, invalidation, invention, investigation, invitation, invocation, ionization, irradiation, irrigation, irritation, isolation, jubilation, junction, jurisdiction, justification, juxtaposition, laceration, lactation, legalization, legislation, levitation, liberalization, liberation, libration, ligation, lilliputian, limitation, liposuction, liquefaction, liquidation, litigation, localization, location, locomotion, logician, lotion, lubrication, machination, magician, magnetization, magnification, malformation, malfunction, malnutrition, manifestation, manipulation, mansion, marginalization, martian, masturbation, mathematician, maturation, maximization, mechanization, mediation, medication, meditation, menstruation, mention, midsection, migration, mineralization, miniaturization, ministration, misallocation, misapplication, misapprehension, misappropriation, miscalculation, mischaracterization, miscommunication, miscreation, misidentification, misimpression, misinformation, misinterpretation, misrepresentation, mission, mitigation, mobilization, moderation, modernization, modification, modulation, molestation, monopolization, mortician, motion, motivation, multiplication, mummification, munition, musician, mutation, mutilation, narration, nation, nationalization, naturalization, navigation, negation, negotiation, neutralization, nitration, nomination, nonaggression, nondiscrimination, nonfiction, nonproliferation, normalization, notation, notification, notion, nucleation, nullification, nutrition, obfuscation, objection, obligation, observation, obsession, obstetrician, obstruction, occupation, ocean, omission, operation, opposition, oppression, optician, optimization, oration, orchestration, ordination, organisation, organization, orientation, origination, ornamentation, oscillation, ossification, ostentation, ovation, overexpansion, overpopulation, overproduction, overprotection, overreaction, overregulation, oversimplification, overvaluation, ovulation, oxidation, pacification, pagination, palpitation, participation, partition, passion, pasteurization, patrician, pediatrician, penetration, pension, percussion, perfection, perforation, permission, permutation, perpetuation, persecution, personalization, personification, perspiration, perturbation, petition, physician, pigmentation, plantation, polarization, politician, politicization, pollination, pollution, pontification, popularization, population, portion, position, possession, potion, precaution, precession, precipitation, precondition, predestination, prediction, predilection, predisposition, preelection, prefabrication, preignition, premeditation, premonition, preoccupation, preparation, presentation, preservation, pressurization, presupposition, pretension, prevention, privation, privatization, probation, procession, proclamation, procrastination, procreation, production, profanation, profession, prognostication, progression, prohibition, projection, proliferation, promotion, pronunciation, propagation, proportion, proposition, propulsion, proration, prosecution, prostitution, prostration, protection, protestation, provocation, publication, punctuation, purification, qualification, quantification, quotation, radiation, radicalization, ramification, ratification, ration, rationalization, reaction, reaffirmation, realization, reallocation, reassertion, reauthorization, recalculation, recantation, recapitalization, recertification, recession, recitation, reclamation, reclassification, recognition, recollection, recommendation, reconciliation, recondition, reconfiguration, reconfirmation, reconsideration, reconstruction, recreation, recrimination, rectification, recuperation, redecoration, rededication, redefinition, redirection, redistribution, reduction, reeducation, reelection, reevaluation, reexamination, reflation, reflection, reforestation, reformation, refrigeration, refutation, regeneration, regimentation, registration, regression, regulation, rehabilitation, rehydration, reimposition, reincarnation, reincorporation, reinspection, reintegration, reinterpretation, reintroduction, reinvention, reinvigoration, reiteration, rejection, rejuvenation, relation, relaxation, relocation, remediation, remission, remuneration, renationalization, rendition, renegotiation, renomination, renovation, renunciation, reorganization, reparation, repatriation, repercussion, repetition, replication, reposition, repossession, representation, repression, reproduction, repudiation, reputation, requisition, reregulation, reservation, resignation, resolution, respiration, restitution, restoration, restriction, resurrection, resuscitation, retaliation, retardation, retention, retraction, retransmission, retribution, reunification, revaluation, revelation, reverberation, revitalization, revocation, revolution, revulsion, rhetorician, rotation, rumination, salvation, sanctification, sanction, sanitation, saponification, satisfaction, saturation, secession, secretion, section, securitization, sedation, sedimentation, sedition, seduction, segmentation, segregation, selection, sensation, separation, sequestration, session, simplification, simulation, situation, socialization, solicitation, solution, sophistication, specialization, specification, speculation, stabilization, stagflation, stagnation, standardization, starvation, station, statistician, sterilization, stimulation, stipulation, strangulation, subluxation, submission, subordination, subsection, subsidization, substantiation, substation, substitution, subtraction, suburbanization, succession, suction, suffocation, summation, superstation, superstition, supposition, suppression, suspension, suspicion, syncopation, syndication, tabulation, tactician, taxation, technician, telecommunication, temptation, tension, termination, theoretician, titian, titillation, toleration, traction, tradition, transaction, transection, transformation, transgression, transillumination, transition, translation, transmission, transplantation, transportation, trepidation, triangulation, tribulation, tuition, undervaluation, unification, unionization, urbanization, usurpation, utilization, vacation, vaccination, vacillation, validation, valuation, vaporization, variation, vegetation, venetian, ventilation, verification, vibration, victimization, vilification, vindication, violation, visitation, visualization, vocation, volition, vulgarization, westernization, workstation. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-e-g-i-n-p-t-y" | |
-2 letters: eating, gaiety, ingate, painty, pantie, patine, paying, pineta, taping, typing. | |
-3 letters: agent, aping, entia, eying, genip, giant, inapt, inept, paint, panty, paten, patin, peaty, pieta, piety, piney, pinta, tangy, tenia, tinea, tinge, tying, yenta. | |
-4 letters: agin, ante, anti, ayin, etna, gaen, gain, gait, gane, gape, gapy, gate, gent, geta, gien, gnat, nape, neap. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-e-g-i-n-p-t-y" | |
+1 letter: egyptians. | |
+2 letters: panegyrist, pigmentary. | |
+3 letters: acceptingly, genotypical, hyphenating, panegyrists, tapestrying, typecasting. | |
+4 letters: appetizingly, interplaying, pregnability. | |
+5 letters: deprecatingly, genotypically, hypervigilant, hypothecating, pathogenicity, penetratingly, peptidoglycan, pharyngitides, saprogenicity. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Modern 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Slideshow 6. Images: Photo Album 7. Images: Digital Art 8. Quotations: Historic | 9. Quotations: Fiction 10. Quotations: Non-fiction 11. Usage Frequency 12. Names: Company Usage | 13. Expressions 14. Expressions: Internet 15. Translations: Modern 16. Translations: Ancient | 17. Bible Trace 18. Abbreviations 19. Acronyms 20. Derivations | 21. Rhymes 22. Anagrams 23. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
