Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definitions: Denigrate |
DenigrateVerb1. Belittle; "Don't belittle his influence". 2. Charge falsely or with malicious intent; attack the good name and reputation of someone; "The journalists have defamed me!" The article in the paper sullied my reputation". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Etymology: Denigrate \Den"i*grate\, transitive verb. [Latin expression denigrare; de- nigrare to blacken, niger black.]. (Websters 1913) |
Synonyms: DenigrateSynonyms: asperse (v), belittle (v), besmirch (v), calumniate (v), defame (v), derogate (v), minimize (v), slander (v), smear (v), smirch (v), sully (v). (additional references) |
| "Denigrate" is generally used as a lexical verb (infinitive) -- approximately 75.36% of the time. "Denigrate" is used about 69 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 75.36% | 52 | 47,145 |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 14.49% | 10 | 111,207 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 7.25% | 5 | 157,705 |
| Noun (singular) | 2.9% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 69 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
denigrate | 13 |
denigrate dictionary | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "denigrate"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | shpif (asperse, badmouth, belie, calumniate, defame, slander), nxij (blacken, bronze, bruise, make black, tan, tarnish). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | سود (black, blacken), شوه سمعة (stigmatize), شوه (assassinate, blemish, color, colour, deface, defile, deform, distort, falsify, garble, harm, maim, mangle, mar, misrepresent, mutilate, pervert, queer, skew, slant, slur, spoil, tinker, torment, torture, twist, warp, wrench). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | хуля (declaim, inveigh, miscall, vilify, vituperate), клеветя (asperse, bad-mouth, bespatter, calumniate, defame, libel, slander, slur, spatter, traduce, vilify), очерням (blacken, cloud, dirty, slander, vilify), омаловажавам (belittle, decry, discount, disparage, enfeeble, extenuate, make little of, minify, minimize, palliate, play down, stultify, talk down, understate, whittle away), петня (blaspheme, blemish, cast reflection on, disfigure, libel, pollute, slur, smear, smirch, soil, speck, spot, stain, stigmatize, sully, tarnish). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 变黑 (Blacken, Blackened, Blackening). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | pomlouvat (backbite, gossip, malign, slander, spread scandal), oèernit (defame, tar on), oèeròovat (malign), špinit (dirty, smirch). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Farsi | لکه دارکردن (Blame, Blemish, Brand, Foul, Smear, Soil, Speck, Stain, Stigmatize, Sully, Taint, Tarnish), سیاه کردن (Black, Blacken), بدنام کردن (Blemish, Calumniate, Defame, Lynch, Malign, Vilify). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | discréditer (debunk), dénigrer (decry, depreciate, detract). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | verunglimpfen (calumniate, decry, disparage, libel, revile, smear, to denigrate, to disparage, to revile, vilify). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | κακολογώ (asperse, backbite, badmouth, decry, defame, gossip, malign, miscall, speak ill of, vilify). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | ל"שמיץ (back bite, badmouth, blacken, defame, malign, slander, slur, smear, stigmatize, traduce, vilify). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | rágalmaz (asperse, backbite, calumniate, defame, slander, to defame, to deprave, to libel, to scandalize, to slander, to smear, to vilify), befeketít (black, blacken, decry, to bad-mouth, to begrime, to black, to blacken, to denigrate, to malign, to smear, traduce). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indonesian | mencemarkan nama (backbite, dishonor), membusukkan (cause to rot, defame, slander). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | denigrare (asperse, backbite, disparage, run down). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | caartrey (abuse, abusiveness, denigration, slander, slandering, vilification, vilify). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | enigrateday denegrir (blacken, crab, disparage, vilify), rebaixar (abase, banalize, belittle, bemean, bust, crab, debase, decry, degrade, demean, demote, depreciate, diminish, disparagement, flank, humble, humiliated, lower, mark down, put down, skiver, undercut, vilipend, vulgarize). (various references) denigra (disparage, run down, slander), defãima (asperse, belie, black, blemish, bring reproach upon, calumniate, cast a slur upon, defame, depreciate, disparage, libel, put a slur upon, slander, slur, smear, spatter, traduce, vilify), ponegri (abuse, asperse, backbite, black, blacken, cry down, cut up, demolish, mire, pull to pieces, run down, slander, write down), nãpãstui (backbite, calumniate, scourge, slander). (various references) чернить (asperse, badmouth, bad-mouth, blacken, smuts, vilify), порочить (badmouth, bad-mouth, besmirch, bespatter, calumniate, defame, derogate, tarnish). (various references) oklevetati (asperse, defame, hurl, libel, malign, slander, smear, vilify), ocrniti (besmirch, blacken, decry). (various references) denigrar (abase, abuse, blacken, disparage, knock, run down). (various references) tala illa om (speak evil of, traduce), svärta ner (slur). (various references) karalamak (bedaub, besmear, besmirch, blacken, blemish, blot out, breathe upon, calumniate, chalk out, dash, dash down, dash off, doodle, draw, line through, pollute, rule smth. out, scandalize, score out, scrabble, scratch, scribble, scribble down, smudge, smut, strike through), kötülemek (back bite, backbite, cry down, decry, defame, discredit, disparage, dispraise, do down, revile, revile against smth., revile at smth., run down, slander, speak ill of, vilify), iftira etmek (asperse, back bite, backbite, be defamatory of smb., bespatter, calumniate, cast a slur on, cast the blame, defame, malign, put a slur on, scandalize, slander, smut, speak evil of, traduce, vilify), çekiştirmek (back bite, backbite, criticize maliciously, hitch, pick). (various references) чорнити (begrime, bespatter, black, nigrify, worsen), обмовляти (asperse, calumniate, cant), зводити наклеп (bespatter, calumniate, cant, cast aspersions, defame, libel, malign, slander). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "denigrate": denigrated, denigrates. (additional references) | |
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"Denigrate" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: degnigrate, denagrate, denegrate, Dengra, denigrade, denigrare, detiorate, Feingarten. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "denigrate" (pronounced de"nigrā't) |
| 4 | -g r ā' t | disintegrate, emigrate, immigrate, integrate, migrate, reintegrate. |
| 3 | -r ā' t | administrate, airfreight, arbitrate, aspirate, birthrate, calibrate, carbohydrate, castrate, celebrate, concentrate, consecrate, demonstrate, frustrate, gyrate, hydrate, illustrate, infiltrate, magistrate, narrate, nitrate, orchestrate, penetrate, perpetrate, serrate, substrate, vertebrate. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: gratineed. | |
| Words within the letters "a-d-e-e-g-i-n-r-t" | |
-1 letter: derating, detainer, gradient, gratinee, interage, redating, regained, retained, treading. | |
-2 letters: angered, antired, arenite, darting, deraign, derange, detrain, dragnet, dreeing, energid, enraged, gradine, grained, grandee, granite, granted, grantee, gratine, greaten, grenade, ingrate, integer, negated, negater, reading, reagent, reeding, reginae, reigned, retinae, tangier, tearing, trading, trained, trainee, treeing, triaged. | |
-3 letters: aedine, aeried, agreed, aigret, airted. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-d-e-e-g-i-n-r-t" | |
+1 letter: centigrade, deaerating, denigrated, denigrates, dewatering, federating, germinated, ingathered, integrated, intergrade, retreading. | |
+2 letters: abridgement, denervating, denigrative, deprecating, depredating, desecrating, deuterating, impregnated, intergraded, intergrades, nearsighted, redefeating, reeducating, remediating, rethreading, tragedienne, undereating. | |
+3 letters: abridgements, androgenetic, decelerating, degenerating, degeneration, degenerative, deliberating, demagnetizer, depreciating, deregulating, deregulation, desiderating, disagreement, disintegrate, fragmentized, freestanding, glycerinated, heartrending, interchanged, intergrafted, interrogated, kindergarten, peregrinated, predesignate, redecorating, rededicating, redintegrate, reintegrated, renegotiated, straightened, tragediennes, ungerminated, unintegrated. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)44 65 6E 69 67 72 61 74 65 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)-.. . -. .. --. .-. .- - . |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01000100 01100101 01101110 01101001 01100111 01110010 01100001 01110100 01100101 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)D e n i g r a t e |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0044 0065 006E 0069 0067 0072 0061 0074 0065 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)387180757384678671 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Usage Frequency 4. Expressions: Internet | 5. Translations: Modern 6. Derivations 7. Rhymes 8. Anagrams | 9. Orthography 10. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
