Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

COMMENCED

Definition: COMMENCED

COMMENCED

Imperative & past participle

1. Of Commence

Source: Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)
 

Date "COMMENCED" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1258. (references)


Crosswords: COMMENCED

English words defined with "COMMENCED": Amicable actionGanVexatious suit. (references)
Specialty definitions using "COMMENCED": CAMELS, coring tooldeadly embraceestimated time of arrival, ex rightfraudulent bankruptcyGregorian EpochHallelujah VictoryKingsmining systemPreliminary Canterreckless bankruptcy and reduction of assetsSimplon RoadU'ti Possidetis. (references)
Etymologies containing "COMMENCED": Commence. (references)

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Modern Usage: COMMENCED

DomainUsage

Screenplays

Fight's Commenced! Get to fightin' or get away! (Tombstone; writing credit: Kevin Jarre)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Commercial Usage: COMMENCED

DomainTitle

Music

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Photo Album: COMMENCED

ThumbnailDescription & Credit

War Demonstration Hospital : Bird's-eye view- one week after construction commenced. Credit: National Library of Medicine.

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

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Historic Usage: COMMENCED

AuthorDateQuotation

US Constitution

1791

On the 25th of May, seven States having convened, George Washington, of Virginia, was unanimously elected President, and the consideration of the proposed constitution was commenced. (reference)

Amendment to US Constitution

1795-2020

The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State. (reference)

Treaty of Versailles

1919

Subject to the stipulations of the present Treaty, rights of industrial, literary and artistic property, as such property is defined by the International Conventions of Paris and of Berne, mentioned in Article 286, shall be re-established or restored, as from the coming into force of the present Treaty, in the territories of the High Contracting Parties, in favour of the persons entitled to the benefit of them at the moment when the state of war commenced or their legal representatives. (reference)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Use in Literature: COMMENCED

TitleAuthorQuote

Scarlet Letter

Hawthorne, Nathaniel

There was some shadow of an attempt of this kind in the mode of celebrating the day on which the political year of the colony commenced.

Les Miserables

Hugo, Victor

This synod was held at Notre Dame, and commenced its sessions on the 15th of June, 1811, under the presidency of Cardinal Fesch.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Non-Fiction Usage: COMMENCED

SubjectTopicQuote

Business

A fourth domestic carrier has very recently commenced operations. (references)

Digital GSM networks in Lithuania commenced in 1995, which makes the mobile market fairly young but rapidly growing and advancing. (references)

Starhub commenced their services in April 2000, and plans to invest more than $1 billion in fixed line infrastructure, including an extensive fiber network, and $285 million in a mobile phone network. (references)

Children

Lesotho

The Government began implementation of a new program that provides free public education through the primary grades (1 through 6). The program commenced in all schools in the first grade during 2000, and it covered the costs of school fees, books, and one meal per day. (references)

Civil Liberties

Iran

In April 2000, the defendants were appointed lawyers, and a closed trial commenced in a revolutionary court in Shiraz. (references)

Austria

On October 7, when military action commenced in Afghanistan, the Government suspended processing of asylum applications filed by citizens of Afghanistan. (references)

Economic History

India

The services have already commenced in 30 cities by 20 companies. (references)

Qatar

Construction commenced May 1999. Commencement of commercial production: Mid-2001. (references)

Croatia

Work on most projects has commenced and additional credit lines are being negotiated. (references)

Human Rights

Ghana

Burial ceremonies, public and private, commenced at year's end. (references)

Minorities

Macedonia

Classes commenced in November. (references)

Political Economy

ALGERIA

Algeria applied for GATT contracting party status in its own right in 1987. Negotiations, however, never commenced. (references)

Political Rights

Mozambique

Voter registration commenced in 1999 and continued for 60 days. (references)

Trade

Georgia

Private commercial banks commenced operations in 1989 when the FSU began to liberalize its financial system. (references)

Romania

The Bucharest Stock Exchange (BSE) commenced operations in November 1995 and as of June 2001 had 110 listed companies at two tiers, and a market capitalization of $706.2 million. (references)

Worker Rights

Romania

New discussions, which included the unions and employers, commenced during the year; however, no new legislation was presented to Parliament by year's end. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Speeches: COMMENCED

SpeakerTermPhrase(s)

Thomas Jefferson

1801-1809In the mean time, their places are supplied by the officers before commanding there, and the function of the governor and judges of Indiana having commenced, the government, we presume, is proceeding in its new form.

James Monroe

1817-1825There is good cause to presume that the two wings, the only parts as yet commenced, will be prepared for that purpose at the next session.

John Quincy Adams

1825-1829This negotiation has accordingly been commenced, and is now in progress, the result of which will, if successful, be also submitted to the Senate for their consideration.

Andrew Jackson

1829-1837Considering it an act of legislation, I suspended its operation as soon as I was informed that it had commenced.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Usage Frequency: COMMENCED

"COMMENCED" is generally used as a lexical verb (past participle) -- approximately 55.22% of the time. "COMMENCED" is used about 469 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Lexical Verb (past participle)55.22%25918,370
Lexical Verb (past tense)43.71%20521,272
Adjective (general or positive)1.07%5157,705
                    Total100.00%469N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Expression: COMMENCED

Hypenated Usage

Ending with "COMMENCED": life-commenced.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translation: COMMENCED

Language Translations for "COMMENCED"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Chinese 

  

开始 (Began, begin, Begun, Commence, Commencement, Commencing, inaugurate, Inaugurated, Inaugurating, inception, start, started, starting, start-off). (various references)

   

Danish

  

klagen,der indgives af en tjenestemand eller anden ansat over en institution (proceedings commenced by an official or other servant of an institution). (various references)

   

Dutch

  

beroep dat door een ambtenaar of een ander personeelslid van een instelling aanhangig wordt gemaakt (proceedings commenced by an official or other servant of an institution). (various references)

   

Finnish

  

alkamaton (not commenced, unopened). (various references)

   

French

  

recours formé par un fonctionnaire ou autre agent d'une institution (proceedings commenced by an official or other servant of an institution). (various references)

   

German

  

begann (began, begun), angefangen (begun). (various references)

   

Greek 

  

προσφυγή που κατατίθεται από ένα μόνιμο υπάλληλο ή από μέλος του λοιπού προσωπικού ενός οργάνου (proceedings commenced by an official or other servant of an institution). (various references)

   

Hebrew 

  

מותחל (begun, started). (various references)

   

Italian

  

ricorso proposto da funzionario o da altro dipendente delle istituzioni (proceedings commenced by an official or other servant of an institution). (various references)

   

Korean 

  

시작하" (started). (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

ommencedcay

   

Portuguese

  

recurso interposto por funcionário ou outro agente de qualquer instituição (proceedings commenced by an official or other servant of an institution). (various references)

   

Spanish

  

recurso interpuesto por funcionario u otro agente de una Institución (proceedings commenced by an official or other servant of an institution). (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Ancestral Language Translations: COMMENCED

LanguagePeriodTranslations
Latin500 BCE-Modern

coeptam, coepto, coeptum. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Derivations & Misspellings: COMMENCED

Derivations

Words ending with "COMMENCED": recommenced. (additional references)


Misspellings

"COMMENCED" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: cmmence, Comanecj, comence, comince, commense, compence, compenced. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "COMMENCED"

# of Phoneme MatchesPronunciationWord(s) rhyming with "COMMENCED" (pronounced kume"nst)
4-e" n s tagainst, condensed, dispensed, fenced, sensed, unfenced.
3-n s tadvanced, announced, balanced, bounced, convinced, countenanced, counterbalanced, danced, denounced, distanced, enhanced, ensconced, entranced, evidenced, evinced, experienced, financed, glanced, incensed, inconvenienced, inexperienced, influenced, licensed, minced, mispronounced, nuanced, pounced, pronounced, referenced, refinanced, renounced, sentenced, silenced, trounced, unannounced, unbalanced, unbeknownst, unconvinced, underfinanced, unlicensed, winced.

Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

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Anagrams: COMMENCED

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Words within the letters "c-c-d-e-e-m-m-n-o"

-1 letter: commence.

-2 letters: commend, concede.

-3 letters: encode, omened.

-4 letters: codec, coden, coned, demon, donee, emend, modem, monde.

-5 letters: cede, code, coed, come, cone, deco, deem, deme, demo, dene, dome, done, meed, meme, memo, mend, meno, mode, mome, need, neem, node, nome, omen, once.

 Words containing the letters "c-c-d-e-e-m-m-n-o"
 

+2 letters: recommenced.

 

+5 letters: excommunicated.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

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INDEX

1. Definition
2. Crosswords
3. Usage: Modern
4. Usage: Commercial
5. Images: Photo Album
6. Quotations: Historic
7. Quotations: Fiction
8. Quotations: Non-fiction
9. Quotations: Speeches
10. Usage Frequency
11. Expressions
12. Translations: Modern
13. Translations: Ancient
14. Derivations
15. Rhymes
16. Anagrams
17. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.