Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Cell |
CellNoun1. Any small compartment; "the cells of a honeycomb". 2. The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; cells may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals. 3. A device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction. 4. A small unit serving as the nucleus of a larger political movement. 5. Small room is which a monk or nun lives. 6. A room where a prisoner is kept. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "cell" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references) |
Etymology: Cell \Cell\, noun. [Old French celle, from Latin cella; akin to celare to hide, and English hell, helm, conceal. Compare to Hall.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | Cell |
Aerospace | In computers, an elementary unit of storage, as binary cell, decimal cell. (references) |
Biology & Biotechnology | A chamber or compartment at some time containing a protoplast. Source: European Union. (references) |
Census | In a tabulation, a field containing a single number, usually a count of some kind of unit, such as persons or housing units possessing some kind of characteristic (for example, a certain age or number of rooms). In a statistical table with rows and columns of numbers, a cell constitutes the intersection of one row and one column. Sometimes also termed tally cell or data item. (references) |
Economics | The space constructed on a ship into which one container fits. (references) |
Electrical Engineering | Switch bay or part of a switch bay separated from neighbouring switch bays by partitions. Source: European Union. (references) |
Energy | A component of a electrochemical battery. A 'primary' cell consists of two dissimilar elements, known as 'electrodes,' immersed in a liquid or paste known as the 'electrolyte.' A direct current of 1-1.5 volts will be produced by this cell. A 'secondary' cell or accumulator is a similar design but is made useful by passing a direct current of correct strength through it in a certain direction. Each of these cells will produce 2 volts; a 12 volt car battery contains six cells. (references) |
Environment | The volume of compacted solid waste enclosed by natural soil and/or cover material in a sanitary landfill. Source: European Union. (references) |
Health | The individual unit that makes up all of the tissues of the body. All living things are made up of one or more cells. (references) |
Medicine | In biology, a unit from which living organisms and tissues are built. Source: European Union. (references) |
Military & Defense | Part of a NATO headquarters section which produces work of a specific nature within a major functional area. Source: European Union. (references) |
Mining | A. A compartment in a flotation machine b. A single element of an electric battery, either primary or secondary c. Battery unit consisting of two electrodes separately contacting an electrolyte so that there is a potential difference between them. (references) |
Post & Telecom | The area covered by a base station, or by a sub-system(sector antenna)of that base station corresponding to a specific logical identification on the radio path, whichever is smaller. Source: European Union. (references) |
Public Administration | Individual depressions in surface of engraved cylinder used to retain ink. Source: European Union. (references) |
Statistics | In a multi-factor ANOVA or in a contingency table, a cell is an individual combination of possible levels(values)of the factors. Source: European Union. (references) |
| A)the combination of a particular row and column; b)the set of observations obtained under identical treatment conditions. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Weather | Convection in the form of a single updraft, downdraft, or updraft/downdraft couplet, typically seen as a vertical dome or tower as in a cumulus or towering cumulus cloud. A typical thunderstorm consists of several cells (see multi-cellular thunderstorm).The term "cell" also is used to describe the radar echo returned by an individual shower or thunderstorm. Such usage, although common, is technically incorrect. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Cell is a fictional character in the Anime Dragon Ball Z. He is a Bio Android.Cell is the product of Dr Gero's creative mind. Cell was designed to have all the abilities of the greatest fighters on Earth, including cells from: Goku, Gohan, Frieza, Krillin, Vegeta, Piccolo, and Tien. Dr Gero designed Cell to have the ability to absorb "bio extract", meaning any biological mass. He absorbs the bio extract by stabbing them with his tail, which then sucks the victim up from the inside out. This will increase Cell's power slightly, depending on the victim's power level.
Cell was designed to eventually absorb Android 17 and Android 18, in order to complete his evolution. Instead of stabbing them with his tail, they are instead sucked up whole, live through the tail. Cell absorbs Android 18, and evolves into what is known as Imperfect Cell. Then after absorbing Android 17, he evolves into Perfect Cell. Each time he absorbs an android his power level increases dramatically. However, he only ever absorbs those two androids.
Each individual cell in Cell's body has his complete DNA information, and due to Piccolo's regenerative abilities he is able to regenerate himself from just one cell.
At one point Cell creates what are called Cell Juniors. Seven of them. They look just like Cell, except they are blue in general, rather than green, and are about the size of a 5 year old human child. They inherit all the abilties of Cell, and are incredibly strong for their size. They are in part, responsible for Gohan's transformation to Super Saiyan 2.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Android Cell."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The cell is the basic unit of life.
Overview
All living cells that are capable of reproducing themselves have certain basic features in common:
They also share several abilities:
- A membrane, which envelopes the cell, separates its interior from the surroundings, strictly controls what moves in and out and maintains the electric potential of the cell,
- A salty cytoplasm (the substance which makes up most of the cell volume)
- DNA, the hereditary material of genes, which guide the operations of the cell.
- RNA, through which DNA instructions are expressed.
- Enzymes and other protein machinery.
- A variety of biomolecules.
These functions and abilities are expressed in the cell cycle: the "birth", growth, reproduction, and "death" of individual cells.
- The capacity to divide by mitosis.
- Metabolism, including the taking in of raw material, using it to build cell components, or breaking it down for energy, and releasing byproducts.
- Protein biosynthesis
- The ability to respond to external and internal stimuli
Organisms vary from single cells (called single-celled organisms) that function and survive more or less independently, through colonial forms with multiple similar cells living together, to multicellular forms in which cells are specialized and do not generally survive once separated. There are 220 types of cells and tissues that make up the multicellular human body.
Two basic types of cells are described: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells are structurally simple. They are found only in single-celled and colonial organisms. In the three-domain system of Scientific classification, prokaryotic cells are placed in the domains Archaea and Eubacteria. Eukaryotic cells have organelles with their own cell membranes. Single-celled eukaryotic organisms are very diverse, but many colonial and multicellular forms also exist. (The multicellular kingdomss: Animalia, Plantae and Fungi, are all eukaryotic.)
Features of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotes Eukaryotes typical organisms bacteria protists, fungi, plants, animals typical size ~ 1-10 um ~ 10-100 um type of nucleus nucleoid region; no real nucleus real nucleus with double membrane DNA circular (usually) linear molecules (chromosomes) with histone proteins RNA-/protein-synthesis coupled in cytoplasm RNA-synthesis inside the nucleus
protein synthesis in cytoplasmribosomes 50S+30S 60S+40S cytoplasmatic structure very few structures highly structured by intercellular membranes and a cytoskeleton cell movement flagella made of flagellin flagella and cilia made of tubulin mitochondria none one to several dozen (though some lack mitochondria) chloroplasts none in algae and plants organization usually single cells single cells, colonies, higher organisms with specialized cells cell division Binary fission (simple division) Mitosis (core division)
Cytokinesis (cytoplasmatic division)
Prokaryotic cells
- The cytoplasm of prokaryotes (the liquid which makes up most of the cell volume) is diffuse and granular due to ribosomes (protein factories) floating in the cell.
- The plasma membrane (a phospholipid bilayer) separates the interior of the cell from its environment and serves as a filter and communications beacon.
- Most prokaryotes have a cell wall (some exceptions are Mycoplasma (a bacterium) and Thermoplasma (an archaeon)). It consists of peptidoglycan in bacteria, and acts as an additional barrier against exterior forces. It also prevents the cell from "exploding" from osmotic pressure against a hypotonic environment.
- A prokaryotic chromosome is usually a circular molecule (an exception is that of the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, which causes Lyme disease). Even without a real nucleus, the DNA is somehow condensed in a nucleoid. Prokaryotes can carry extrachromosomal DNA elements called plasmids, which are usually circular. Plasmids can carry additional functions, such as antibiotic resistance.
- Some prokaryotes have flagella which enable them to move actively instead of passively drifting.
Eukaryotic cells
- The cytoplasm of eukaryotes does not appear as granular as that of prokaryotes, since an important part of the ribosomes are bound to the endoplasmic reticulum.
- The plasma membrane resembles that of prokaryotes in function, with minor differences in the setup. Cell walls may or may not be present.
- The eukaryotic DNA is organized in one or more linear molecules, called chromosomes, which are highly condensed (e.g. folded around histones). All chromosomal DNA is stored in the cell nucleus, separated from the cytoplasm by a membrane. Some eukaryotic organelles can contain some DNA.
- Eukaryotes can become mobile using cilia or flagella. The flagella are more complex than those of prokaryotes.
Diagram of a typical eukaryotic (animal) cell
Organelles:
- Nucleolus
- Nucleus
- Ribosome
- Vesicle
- Rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
- Golgi apparatus
- Microtubule
- Smooth ER
- Mitochondria
- Vacuole
- Cytoplasm
- Lysosome
- Centrioles
History
...I could exceedingly plainly perceive it to be all perforated and porous, much like a Honeycomb...these pores or cells , were not very deep, but consisted of a great many little boxes... – Hooke describing his observations on a thin slice of cork.
- 1665 : Robert Hooke discovers cells in cork, then in living plant tissue using an early microscope.
- 1839 : Theodor Schwann and Matthias Jakob Schleiden elucidate the principal that plants and animals are made of cells, concluding that cells are a common unit of structure and development, thus founding the Cell Theory.
- The belief that life forms are able to occur spontaneously (generatio spontanea) is contradicted by Louis Pasteur (1822-1895).
- Rudolph Virchow states that cells always emerge from cell divisions (omnis cellula ex cellula).
Related topics
- Biology
- Cell biology
- Cell division
- Mitosis
- Cytokinesis
- Binary fission
- Plant cell
- Animal cell
- Fungal cell
- Prokaryotic cell
- Eukaryotic cell
- How to prepare an onion cell slide
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Biological cell."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A cell is a single unit or compartment, enclosed by a border or wall.
Examples of cells:
Other related articles:
- prison cell
- Biological cell
- Electrochemical cell
- Radio cell, as used in cellular mobile and cell phone
- Geometric cell - the three-dimensional analogue of a face
- a terrorist or partisan cell - a small organisation group designed to resist attempts at policing and counter-espionage
- The Cell (movie)
- Cellular automata
- Cell - a fictional character in the japanese animation Dragonball Z
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Cell."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A cell is a three-dimensional object that is part of a higher-dimensional object, such as a polychoron. A cell is related to higher-dimensional objects in the way that a face, or two-dimensional polygon, is related to higher-dimensional objects. For example, a cell is to a 4-dimensional polytope, or polychoron, what a face is to a 3-dimensional polytope, or polyhedron.Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Cell (mathematics)."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Cell biology is the study of the physiological properties of cellss and their interaction with each other and their environment, on the microscopic and the molecular level. Cell biology researches both single-celled organisms like bacteria and specialized cells in multicellular organisms like humans.Cell biology is closely related to genetics, biochemistry, molecular biology and developmental biology.
See also: signal transduction
External links
- The WWW Virtual Library of Cell Biology
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Cell biology."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
An electrochemical cell is a setup used for creating an electromotive force in a conductor separating two reactions. The current is caused by the reactions releasing and accepting electrons in to the different ends of the conductor. The most common example of an electrochemical cell is a standard 1.5-volt battery.
In each half-cell is a chemical undergoing either oxidation or reduction. In a full electrochemical cell one side must be losing electrons (oxidation) in to its electrode, while the other half-cell gains electrons (reduction.) If the atoms/ions involved in the reaction are metal, the same metal is used for each electrode. If the atoms/ions involved in the reaction at each half-cell are not metal, obviously no electrode can be constructed out of it. Nonreactive metals such as platinum are used as a substitute. Finally a salt bridge is necessary to provide electrical contact between the cells--but without the solutions mixing. This can simply be a strip of filter paper soaked in saturated potassium nitrate (V) solution.
Different choices of substances for each half cell results in varying potential differences. Each reaction is undergoing an equilibrium reaction between different oxidation states of the ions -- when equilibrium is reached the cell cannot provide further voltage. In the half-cell which is undergoing oxidation, the further the equilibrium lies to the ion/atom with the more positive oxidation state the more potential this reaction will provide. Similarly, in the reduction reaction, the further the equilibrium lies to the ion/atom with the more negative oxidation state the higher the potential.
This potential can be predicted quantitatively through the use of electrode potentials (the voltage measured when the substance is connected to hydrogen.) The difference in voltage between electrode potentials gives a prediction for the potential measured.
See also: electrochemical potential
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Electrochemical cell."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| Sq cell ca | English | Sqamous cell carcinoma | N/A |
| CER | English | Cell error ratio | Post & Telecom |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: CellSynonyms: cadre (n), cubicle (n), electric cell (n), jail cell (n), prison cell (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Abode | Nest, nidus, snuggery; arbor, bower; lair, den, cave, hole, hiding place, cell, sanctum sanctorum, aerie, eyrie, eyry, rookery, hive; covert, resort, retreat, perch, roost; nidification; kala jagah. |
Concavity | Cup, basin, crater, punch bowl; cell; (receptacle); socket. |
Power | Pressure; conductivity; elasticity; gravity, electricity, magnetism, galvanism, voltaic electricity, voltaism, electromagnetism; atomic power, nuclear power, thermonuclear power; fuel cell; hydraulic power, water power, hydroelectric power; solar power, solar energy, solar panels; tidal power; wind power; attraction; vis inertiae, vis mortua, vis viva; potential energy, dynamic energy; dynamic friction, dynamic suction; live circuit, live rail, live wire. |
Prison | Noun: prison, prison house; jail, gaol, cage, coop, den, cell; stronghold, fortress, keep, donjon, dungeon, Bastille, oubliette, bridewell, house of correction, hulks, tollbooth, panopticon, penitentiary, guardroom, lockup, hold; round house, watch house, station house, sponging house; station; house of detention, black hole, pen, fold, pound; inclosure; isolation (exclusion); penal settlement, penal colony; bilboes, stocks, limbo, quod; calaboose, chauki, choky, thana; workhouse. |
Receptacle | Compartment; cell, cellule; follicle; hole, corner, niche, recess, nook; crypt, stall, pigeonhole, cove, oriel; cave; (concavity). |
Seclusion Exclusion | Cell, hermitage; convent; sanctum sanctorum. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Then at Hope, my bi-monthly sickle cell circle (Fight Club; writing credit: Jim Uhls) What am I supposed to do without my cell phone (Dr. Dolittle 2; writing credit: Larry Levin) Are you calling me on a cell phone (Pulp Fiction; writing credit: Quentin Tarantino; Roger Avary) He's not in his cell. (The Simpsons; writing credit: Artur Brauner; Paul Hengge) Piccolo just gave Cell everything he had and it didn't even phase him. (Dragon Ball Z; writing credit: Chris Forbis; Eric Johnson) | |
Lyrics | Hugg'en on my mama from a jail cell (Dear Mama; performing artist: 2Pac) Callin' my cell and pager too (Playas Gon' Play; performing artist: 3LW) Are you call my cell (Where My Girls At; performing artist: 702) Droped her off at the L, now I'm flippin' the cell (Hey Ma; performing artist: Cam'ron) And then you use my cell phone phone ("Bills, Bills, Bills"; performing artist: Destiny's Child) | |
Clever | What do prisoners use to call each other? Cell phones. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Cell 16 (1971) Riot in Cell Block 11 (1954) Cell 2455 (1954) Smoky Cell (1938) The Cell (2000) | |
Song Titles | Tainted Love (performing artist: Soft Cell) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References |
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Books |
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Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies |
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Music |
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High Tech |
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Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | This schematic illustration shows how a human therapeutic gene is inserted into a deactivated mouse retrovirus. The retrovirus then attaches to and empties its genetic material into a patient's cell (in the laboratory). The therapeutic human gene is integrated into the patient's DNA and replaces the "defective" gene, in the treatment for ADA. See artwork: GR-10. Credit: Jeannie Kelly (artist). |  | A. Peripheral blood leukocyte from an AIDS patient producing HIV. There are several particles budding from the periphery of the cell. Other virus particles cluster outside the cell membrane. (x30) b. Enlargement of far right center area of top photo showing mature HIV particles. (x90) c. HIV particle budding from cell membrane. (x200) d. Mature hiv particle with characteristic core. (x200). See artwork: GR-07. Credit: Matt Gonda (photographer). |
 | Transmission electron micrograph of Candida species. CW - cell wall, PM - plasma membrane, M - mitochondria, V - vacuole, N - nucleus. Credit: CDC. |  | B. anthracis Direct Fluorescent Antibody (DFA) cell wall stain, at a 1000x magnification. Credit: CDC. |
 | "Pseudo I-WP" by Alan Schoen. An approximation to a unit cell of Schoen's I-WP surface. Click on Edit inside DPGraph for extensive comments. More ... |  | "Pseudo D" by Alan Schoen. An approximation to a unit cell of Schwarz's D surface. See the comments inside "Pseudo I-WP". More ... |
 | Sign over the cell that housed Dr. Samuel Mudd, controversial doctor who treated John Wilkes Booth following Abraham Lincoln's assassination. Mudd was convicted of helping Booth and served three years of his sentence at Fort Jefferson. He helped treat many Union soldiers during a yellow fever epidemic and was subsequently paroled. Credit: America's Coastlines. |  | Spartina alterniflora was planted at several cell sites around East Timbalier Island. This cell was not very successful. The Spartina did not take well as the platform substrate was determined to be too high for Spartina to flourish. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |
 | Post restoration, this image shows the cell that did not perform well after being planted with Spartina alterniflora. The platform was considered too high to promote colonization of Spartina. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |  | Livestock graze on healthy rangeland managed by a cell grazing system. Credit: Tim McCabe. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Cell Phone" by Ryan Wild Commentary: "A nokia 6210 cell phone..." | "Cell Phone" by Stacy Taylor Commentary: "This is a black flip cell phone that I had to take a pic of for a brochure I'm creating." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Play | Caption | Play | Caption |
 | Footsteps walking down a cement hallway and the sound of the closing of a metal cell door which finally clangs shut. | | Jail cell bars sliding and locking shut. |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Thomas Gray | Each in his narrow cell for ever laid, the rude forefathers of the hamlet sleep. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | At night, the lovely naked youth descended from the cross, and became the rapture of the cell. |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | Put in that dumb cell. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Neuron -- a nerve cell in the brain. (references) | |
Some viruses kill the cell they invade. (references) | ||
Many forms of damage can trigger cell death. (references) | ||
Business | For Cell Phones instructions and users manuals must be in Arabic. (references) | |
A fuel cell also shares many of the characteristics of a battery. (references) | ||
An important trend in Japanese Internet market is the cell phone. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Bangladesh | They stabbed the journalist and stole his fax and cell phone. (references) |
Russia | She was taken to a temporary holding cell in the district police station where she apparently suffered a heart attack. (references) | |
Switzerland | In September, in what police claimed was a last attempt to avoid a scheduled repatriation to France a week later, a 30-year-old Algerian national allegedly hanged himself in his cell in Chur. (references) | |
Economic History | Norway | Motorists can already pay for parking via their cell phones. (references) |
South Africa | Nine out of 10 handsets sold in South Africa are cell phones as opposed to fixed-line phones. (references) | |
China | This point is best illustrated by the rapid growth of cell phone and Internet users in China. (references) | |
Human Rights | Peru | On May 9, he was found dead in his cell. (references) |
Cuba | There is no access to lawyers while in the punishment cell. (references) | |
Trinidad and Tobago | On June 25, prisoner Anton Cooper was found dead in his cell. (references) | |
Political Economy | Nicaragua | Prison and police holding cell conditions remain harsh, although overcrowding improved somewhat. (references) |
Travel | Thailand | In rural or remote areas cell coverage is spotty and only first class hotels have reliable land coverage. (references) |
Israel | It is estimated that Israel has one of the highest per capita ratio in the world of people who own and operate a cell phone on a daily basis. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | BEG, v. To ask for something with an earnestness proportioned to the belief that it will not be given. Who is that, father? A mendicant, child, Haggard, morose, and unaffable -- wild! See how he glares through the bars of his cell! With Citizen Mendicant all is not well. Why did they put him there, father? Because Obeying his belly he struck at the laws. His belly? Oh, well, he was starving, my boy -- A state in which, doubtless, there's little of joy. No bite had he eaten for days, and his cry Was "Bread!" ever "Bread!" What's the matter with pie? With little to wear, he had nothing to sell; To beg was unlawful -- improper as well. Why didn't he work? He would even have done that, But men said: "Get out!" and the State remarked: "Scat!" I mention these incidents merely to show That the vengeance he took was uncommonly low. Revenge, at the best, is the act of a Siou, But for trifles -- Pray what did bad Mendicant do? Stole two loaves of bread to replenish his lack And tuck out the belly that clung to his back. Is that all father dear? There's little to tell: They sent him to jail, and they'll send him to -- well, The company's better than here we can boast, And there's -- Bread for the needy, dear father? Um -- toast. Atka Mip |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
David Berkowitz | Well, because I work and go to chapel and so forth, I can spend a good portion of my day outside of the cell. |
Dennis Miller | Don't be the ass-cavity on the cell phone in the movie theater. |
James Dobson | I'm not opposed to stem cell research, I'm opposed to embryonic stem cell research. You know, there is stem cell research that's going on with bone marrow and blood and other sources. Sure. And that's very exciting research. |
Michael J. Fox | Stem cell is a very big possibility and a very big part of it. I don't like to rule out anything, but certainly that's a very promising thing. |
Prince Albert of Monaco | Yeah. As I said, it's a running start, but the time cell is probably maybe eight feet away from the actual block where you start off from. |
Rush Limbaugh | Christopher Reeve is blaming Bush for the fact that he can't walk because he opposes some stem cell research. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Bill Clinton | 1993-2001 | Keep in mind, the same technological advances that have shrunk cell phones to fit in the palms of our hands can also make weapons of terror easier to conceal and easier to use. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Cell" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Cell" is used about 5,512 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 100% | 5,512 | 1,780 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name | Country | Name |
| Sweden | Cell Network Forlunda AB | USA | Cell Pathways Incorporated |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "cell": acidophilic cell ♦ Activated-Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule ♦ adipose cell ♦ Air cell ♦ air depolarised cell ♦ air depolarized cell ♦ Alpha Cell ♦ anaplastic large cell lymphoma ♦ animal cell immobilisation ♦ animal cell immobilization ♦ Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity ♦ antigen-presenting cell ♦ antigen-presenting cell vaccine ♦ array cell details ♦ B cell ♦ B lymphocyte cell ♦ basal cell ♦ basal cell carcinoma ♦ Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome ♦ basophilic cell ♦ bit cell ♦ blood cell ♦ Blood Cell Count ♦ bone cell ♦ brain cell ♦ Bunsen cell ♦ bursal equivalent lymphoid cell ♦ bursal lymphoid cell ♦ cadmium cell ♦ cancer cell ♦ carrier cell ♦ CD4 cell ♦ CD4 T cell ♦ CD8 cell ♦ CD8 T cell ♦ cell adhesion ♦ cell adhesion molecule ♦ Cell Adhesion Molecules ♦ Cell Aggregation ♦ Cell Aging ♦ cell barrier ♦ cell block ♦ cell broadcast service discontinuous reception cycle ♦ cell cavity ♦ Cell cleavage ♦ Cell Communication ♦ Cell Compartmentation ♦ Cell Count ♦ cell culture ♦ cell cycle ♦ cell cycle clock ♦ Cell Cycle Proteins ♦ Cell Death ♦ Cell Degranulation ♦ Cell development ♦ cell differentiation ♦ cell differentiation gene ♦ cell division ♦ Cell Division Phases ♦ cell error ratio ♦ Cell Extracts ♦ cell formation ♦ cell fusion ♦ cell genesis ♦ Cell Hypoxia ♦ cell ID ♦ cell identity ♦ cell immunity ♦ cell line ♦ Cell Lineage ♦ cell membrane ♦ Cell Membrane Permeability ♦ Cell Membrane Structures ♦ Cell Migration Inhibition ♦ cell motility ♦ Cell Movement ♦ Cell Nucleolus ♦ Cell Nucleus ♦ Cell Nucleus Structures ♦ cell of a hermit ♦ cell organ ♦ Cell Physiology ♦ Cell Polarity ♦ cell proliferation ♦ cell respiration ♦ Cell salt therapy ♦ Cell Size ♦ cell suppression ♦ Cell Surface Extensions ♦ Cell Survival ♦ cell theory ♦ cell tissue ♦ Cell Transplantation ♦ cell wall ♦ Cell Wall Skeleton ♦ cell xenograft ♦ chief cell ♦ Clark cell ♦ Clark standard cell ♦ clear cell carcinoma ♦ collar cell. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "cell": cell-adhesion, cell-based, cell-binding, cell-block, cell-blocks, cell-bodies, cell-bound, cell-by-cell, cell-casting, cell-cell, cell-count, cell-counts, cell-culture, cell-cycle, cell-death, cell-deaths, cell-derived, cell-division, cell-division-cycle, cell-formation, cell-free, Cell-Free System, cell-like, cell-link, cell-mate, cell-mates, Cell-Matrix, Cell-Matrix Junctions, cell-mediated, cell-mediated immune response, CELL-MEMBRANE, cell-phone, cell-site, cell-sorted, cell-specific, cell-structure, Cell-surface, cell-switch, cell-to-cell, cell-wall, cell-washing, cell-y-bedd. | |
Ending with "cell": eight-cell, non-small-cell, whole-cell. | |
Containing "cell": ex-cell-o. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
splinter cell | 6,159 | cell phone ring | 1,150 |
free cell | 6,002 | samsung cell phone | 1,137 |
cell phone plan | 3,586 | international cell phone | 1,103 |
cell phone accessory | 3,540 | cell phone battery | 1,013 |
free cell phone | 3,162 | cell phone deal | 931 |
prepaid cell phone | 2,532 | free cell phone ring tone | 930 |
motorola cell phone | 2,478 | stem cell | 890 |
cell splinter through walk | 2,337 | cell tech | 853 |
cell cheat splinter | 2,186 | stem cell research | 848 |
cell | 2,057 | cell phone review | 845 |
cell phone numbers | 2,030 | cricket cell phone | 842 |
cell phone ring tone | 1,857 | cheap cell phone | 750 |
nokia cell phone | 1,623 | cell cheat ps2 splinter | 746 |
sprint cell phone | 1,577 | att cell phone | 737 |
verizon cell phone | 1,525 | cell phone number search | 712 |
cell phone company | 1,504 | cell phone services | 700 |
cell phone service | 1,479 | cell phone ringer | 679 |
cell phone cover | 1,446 | free cell phone ring | 678 |
cell phone directory | 1,417 | animation cell | 615 |
fuel cell | 1,232 | cell phone faceplates | 603 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "cell"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | celulë, qelizë (cell block, cellule, nucleus), qeli manastiri, qeli burgu (hold), pilë (pile, tails), jetoj në qelë, jam në qeli, hojëz (alveolus), element (component, consideration, detail, element, factor, member, piece, unit). (various references) | |
Arabic | نخروب تجويف, وعاء مشتمل على مواد لتوليد الكهرباء, غرفة (camera, chamber, compartment, pad, room), حجيرة (cubby, stall), حجرة (chamber, hatch, room), زنزانة (dungeon, oubliette, tank), صومعة (granary, hermitage, silo), خلية, جزء من بطارية, المنظمة (organization), الوحدة الأساسية, الخلية. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | стоя зад решетките, стаичка (crib), ядро (core, inwardness, kernel, nucleus, ring), камера (camera, chamber), клетка (bay, cage, mesh, mew), килия (round house), килийка на восъчна пита (alveolus), намирам се в клетка, малък манастир, елемент (element, ingredient, member, strain, strand, streak, trait, unit), поставям в клетка. (various references) | |
Chinese | 细胞, 細胞 , 密室 (private room). (various references) | |
Czech | cela (ward), kobka, elektrický èlánek, buòka (mesh), èlánek (article, link, paper, point, segment, study). (various references) | |
Danish | celle (cellule, radio cell, radio zone, seed cell, zone). (various references) | |
Dutch | cel (cello), kerker (gaol, jail, prison), cachot (gaol, jail, prison). (various references) | |
Esperanto | karcero, ĉelo. (various references) | |
Faeroese | myrkastova, kykna, klivi. (various references) | |
Farsi | یاخته , پیل (Bishop), حفره (Cavern, Cavity, Dale, Delve, Ditch, Hole, Lacuna, Pit, Pothole, Sinus, Socket, Ventricle), سلول یکنفری , سلول , زندان تکی . (various references) | |
Finnish | solu (radio cell, radio zone, zone). (various references) | |
French | cellule (cellule, gravure cell, ink cell, radio cell), cachot. (various references) | |
German |
