Caligula

Definition: Caligula

Caligula

Noun

1. Roman Emperor who succeeded Tiberius and whose uncontrolled passions resulted in manifest insanity; noted for his cruelty and tyranny; was assassinated (12-41).

"Caligula" is a name that signifies or is derived from: "a little boot".

Date "Caligula" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1588. (references)

Specialty Definitions: Caligula

Domain	Definitions
Literature	Caligula A Roman emperor; so called because he wore a military sandal called a caliga, which had no upper leather, and was used only by the common soldiers. (12, 37-41.) " `The word caligæ, however,' continued the Baron ... `means, in its primitive sense, sandals; and Caius Cæsar ... received the cognomen of Caligula, a caligis, sive caligis levio'-ribus, quibus adolescentior non fuerat in exercitu Germanici patris sui. And the caligoe were also proper to the monastic bodies; for we read in the ancient Glossarium, upon the rule of St. Benedict ... that caligoe were tied with latchets."- Scott: Waverley. xlviii. Source: Brewer's Dictionary.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Definition: Caligula (film)

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Caligula is a 1979 film directed by Tinto Brass (with additional scenes directed by Bob Guccione), about the Roman Emperor Gaius Caesar Germanicus; also known as "Caligula". Caligula is loosely based on a screenplay by Gore Vidal and co-financed by Penthouse. The producers were Guccione and Franco Rosselini. The film advertised itself as "the most controversial film in history. Only one movie dares to show the perversion behind Imperial Rome...".

Caligula was unrated when shown in theaters in certain jurisdictions because it contained several scenes with sexually and violently explicit content, including orgies, masturbation, fellatio, anal fisting, beheading prisoners using a lawn mower type device (which is unlikely to have existed in reality), and slamming an infant onto stone steps like a ragged doll. It was highly controversial, and considered by some objectors to be pornographic. It would certainly have received an X rating from the MPAA. It was censored in several countries, an original runtime of 210 minutes was reduced to 102, in the US, and 103, in the UK.

Guccione eventually did authorize an R-rated cut, which earned the film wider distribution. Though the controversy over the film's content drew large crowds, virtually none of the most excessive scenes were included in the R version.

Both versions of the film have been released to DVD.

Cast

Malcolm McDowell -- Caligula
Peter O'Toole -- Tiberius
Paolo Bonacelli
John Gielgud
Helen Mirren
Teresa Ann Savoy
Lori Wagner

External Link

The IMDb entry on Caligula (uses the Italian spelling Caligola)

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Caligula (film)."

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Synonyms: Caligula

Synonyms: Gaius (n), Gaius Caesar (n). (additional references)

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Crosswords: Caligula

English words defined with "Caligula": Agrippina, Agrippina the Elder ♦ Claudius, Claudius I ♦ Tiberius Claudius Drusus Nero Germanicus. (references)

Specialty definitions using "Caligula": Agrippa I.. (references)

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Modern Usage: Caligula

Domain	Usage
Screenplays	Although I have taken the form of Gaius Caligula, I am all men as I am no man and therefore I am a God. (Caligola; writing credit: Gore Vidal) But neither was Caligula. (I, Claudius; writing credit: Robert Graves; Jack Pulman)
Movie/TV Titles	Joë Caligula - Du suif chez les dabes (1966) Caligula (1996) Tokyo Caligula fujin (1981) Caligula (1975)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Commercial Usage: Caligula

Domain	Title
Books	Suetonius : The Lives of the Caesars : The Deified Augustus-Tiberius, Gaius Caligula (Loeb Classical Library, No 31) (reference) Octovian imperator : ed. from MS BL Cotton Caligula A II (reference) Suetonius: The Lives of the Caesars: The Deified Augustus-Tiberius,Gaius Caligula. Loeb 31 (Loeb Classical Library, No 31) (reference) (more book examples)

Theater & Movies	Caligula (Unrated Version) (reference) Orgies of Caligula (reference) Caligula Reincarnated as Hitler (L' Ultima Orgia del III Reich) (reference) (more DVD examples; more video examples)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Image Slideshow: Caligula

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Historic Usage: Caligula

Author	Date	Quotation
John Locke	1690	Et de Caligula, quod palam denunciarit se neque civem neque principem senatui amplius fore, inque animo habuerit interempto utriusque ordinis electissimo quoque Alexandriam commigrare, ac ut populum uno ictu interimeret, unam ei cervicem optavit. (Second Treatise of Government)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Use in Literature: Caligula

Title	Author	Quote
Les Miserables	Hugo, Victor	The Ciceronian period, hardly sufficient upon Verres, would lose its edge upon Caligula.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Usage Frequency: Caligula

"Caligula" is generally used as a noun (proper) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Caligula" is used about 15 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)

Parts of Speech	Percent	Usage per 100 Million Words	Rank in English
Noun (proper)	100%	15	90,616

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Caligula

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.

Expression	Frequency per Day
caligula	838
caligula movie	78
caligula picture	24
orgy of caligula	14
caligula penthouse	13
caligula nephew	11
caligula emperor	10
caligula film	9
caligula camus	9
caligula gallery	9
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translations: Caligula

Language		Translations for "Caligula"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
Greek		ίαλιγούλασ. (various references)

Pig Latin		aligulacay.(various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Misspellings: Caligula

Misspellings
	"Caligula" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Acarigua, caligulan, calligula, Caniggia, Cariglia, Kalangula. (additional references)
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Anagrams: Caligula

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Words within the letters "a-a-c-g-i-l-l-u"
	-1 letter: glacial.
	-2 letters: gallic, guaiac, laical, ligula.
	-3 letters: algal, alula, aulic, calla, glial, lilac.
	-4 letters: alga, call, caul, clag, cull, gala, gall, gill, glia, gull, iglu, laic.
	-5 letters: aal, aga, ail, ala, all, cig, gal, gul, ill, lac, lag, lug.
	Words containing the letters "a-a-c-g-i-l-l-u"
	+2 letters: subglacial.
	+3 letters: calculating.
	+4 letters: agricultural, argillaceous, audiological, gallinaceous, subglacially, tautological.
	+5 letters: autecological, calculatingly, coagulability, hallucinating, judgmatically, metallurgical, mutagenically, recalculating, uncalculating.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.