Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
(Photo taken by J.B.Cesar and kindly conceded to the author of this article)
Chaves, Portugal, is the second most populous city in the district of Vila Real, after the district capital of the same name. It is located 12 km. south of the Spanish border, just 22 km south of Verín. The district capital, Vila Real, is 60 km south on National Highway 02.
The population of the concelho of Chaves was 40,000 in the 2001 census, with the urban area having approximately 15,000 people. The town has always had great historical importance, being the site of an important Roman garrison and later being in the forefront of resistance during the Napoleonic invasions of the early nineteenth century. In Portuguese military history Chaves is especially famous for two battles: the siege of Chaves by French forces in 1807 and the Royalist attack on Chaves in 1912.
Chaves is a town of fortifications. There is the keep of a medieval castle and ruins of two forts, Forte São Francisco and Forte São Neutel, both built in the 17th century. The original Roman bridge in Chaves crossing the Tamega still stands with its stone arches and is the most important tourist site of the town. The hot springs of Chaves have been famous since Roman times and today many people come to the town to take the water cure.
Agriculture and services are still the main sources of income. The surrounding area of the Tâmega River valley, known as the veiga, is quite fertile. Potatoes, corn, and garden vegetables are grown on the small plots. There are several granite extraction and finishing industries as well as mineral water plants in nearby Vidago.
Many of the local people have emigrated to northern Europe, especially France. In August these emigrants return to visit their villages and the population of Chaves doubles. It is a time of weddings and village festivals.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Chaves."
Crosswords: CHAVES |
| Non-English Usage: "CHAVES" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses. Portuguese (keys), Portuguese Brazilian (keys). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Movie/TV Titles | As Quatro Chaves Magicas (1971) Zona de Incursões em Chaves (1912) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Estrelinka (professional name), who is one of the entertainers on the Portuguese program of station KROW, Oakland, California. She was born in New Bedford Massachusetts, of parents who were born in Chaves, Portugal. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | South Chaves (vicinity), New Mexico. On the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad between Belen and Gallup, New Mexico, passing an eastbound freight train. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Iden, New Mexico. Jacob Chaves of Torion, New Mexico, left, and Louis Bocca of Willard, New Mexico. Section workers on a job in the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad yard between Clovis and Vaughn, New Mexico. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | East bound track of the Santa Fe R.R. across desert country near South Chaves, N[ew] Mex[ico]. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | Argentina's first department stores were established in the early 1900s; Gath and Chaves experienced its peak in the 30s and Harrod's in the 50s. The notion that department stores had passed their prime has been disproven. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "CHAVES" is generally used as a noun (proper) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "CHAVES" is used about 2 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (proper) | 100% | 2 | 245,945 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "CHAVES" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Chaves | Last name | 3,000 | 4,582 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
Expressions using "CHAVES": Chaves County ♦ Los Chaves. Additional references. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-c-e-h-s-v" | |
-1 letter: aches, caves, chase, haves, schav, shave. | |
-2 letters: aces, ache, aves, case, cash, cave, each, haes, have, save, shea, vacs, vase. | |
-3 letters: ace, ash, ave, hae, has, hes, sac, sae, sea, sec, sha, she, vac, vas. | |
-4 letters: ae, ah, as, eh, es, ha, he, sh. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-c-e-h-s-v" | |
+2 letters: achieves, archives, avouches, cavefish. | |
+3 letters: achievers, anchovies, avouchers, chevalets, chivarees, chivaries, havelocks, haversack, havockers, revanches, vouchsafe. | |
+4 letters: anchovetas, avalanches, cavefishes, champleves, chevaliers, chivalries, echeverias, hardcovers, haversacks, overarches, revanchism, revanchist, tovariches, vouchsafed, vouchsafes. | |
+5 letters: anchovettas, architraves, avouchments, changeovers, hovercrafts, inchoatives, outachieves, overcharges, overcoaches, overmatches, overreaches, revanchisms, revanchists. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)43 48 41 56 45 53 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references)-.-. .... .- ...- . ... |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01000011 01001000 01000001 01010110 01000101 01010011 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)C H A V E S |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0043 0048 0041 0056 0045 0053 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)374235563953 |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Modern 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Photo Album 6. Quotations: Non-fiction 7. Usage Frequency 8. Names: Frequency | 9. Expressions 10. Expressions: Internet 11. Anagrams 12. Orthography | 13. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
