Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Beer |
BeerNoun1. Fermented alcoholic beverage brewed from malt and hops. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
"Beer" is a name that signifies or is derived from: "a well". |
Date "beer" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1588. (references) |
Etymology: Beer \Beer\, noun. [Old English beor, ber, Anglo-Saxon be['o]r; akin to Fries. biar, Icelandic, Old High German bior, Dutch & German bier, and possibly English brew. See Brew.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Bible | Beer well. (1.) A place where a well was dug by the direction of Moses, at the forty-fourth station of the Hebrews in their wanderings (Num. 21:16-18) in the wilderness of Moab. (See WELL.) (2.) A town in the tribe of Judah to which Jotham fled for fear of Abimelech (Judg. 9:21). Some have identified this place with Beeroth. Source: Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary. |
Dream Interpretation | Fateful of disappointments if drinking from a bar. To see others drinking, work of designing intriguers will displace your fairest hopes. To habitue's of this beverage, harmonious prospectives are foreshadowed, if pleasing, natural and cleanly conditions survive. The dream occurrences frequently follow in the actual. Source: Ten Thousand Dreams Interpreted .... |
Health | An alcoholic beverage usually made from malted cereal grain (as barley), flavored with hops, and brewed by slow fermentation. (references) |
Literature | Beer Ceres, when wandering over the earth in quest of her daughter, taught men the art of making beer, because "ils me ne purent apprendre l'art de faire le vin." (Mem. de l'Academis des Inscriptiones, xvii.) (See Ale .) He does not think small beer of himself. [See Small Beer]. Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Multilingual Slang | English (wobbly pop). (references) |
Slang | Wobbly pop. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
larger versionA beer is any of a variety of alcoholic beverages produced by the fermentation of starchy material derived from grains or other plant sources. The production of beer and some other alcoholic beverages is often called brewing.
Ingredients
Typically, beers are made from water, malted barley, hops, and yeast. The addition of other flavorings or sources of sugar is not uncommon.Because beer is composed mainly of water, the source of the water and its characteristics have an important effect on the character of the beer. Many beer styles were influenced or even determined by the characteristics of the water in the region.
Among malts, barley malt is the most often and widely used owing to its high enzyme content but other malted and unmalted grains are widely used, including wheat, rice, maize, oats, and rye.
Hops are a relatively recent addition to beer, having been introduced only a few hundred years ago. They contribute a bitterness that balances the sweetness of the malt and have a mild antibiotic effect that favors the activity of brewer's yeast over less desirable organisms. Dozens of strains of natural or cultured yeasts are used by brewers, roughly sorted into three kinds: ale or top-fermenting, lager or bottom fermenting, and wild yeasts. Yeast metabolize the sugars extracted from the grains, producing many compounds including alcohol and carbon dioxide.
A pint (or half litre) of beer typically contains about two unitss of alcohol, although alcohol content can vary significantly with style and brewer.
History
Almost any sugar or starch-containing food can naturally undergo fermentation, and so it is likely that beer-like beverages were independently invented in cultures throughout the world. In the West, the oldest evidence of beer is on a 6000-year old Sumerian tablet which shows people drinking a beverage through reed straws from a communal bowl. Beer is also mentioned in the Epic of Gilgamesh, and a 3900-year old Sumerian poem honoring the brewing goddess Ninkasi contains the oldest surviving beer recipe, describing the production of beer from barley via bread.Beer became vital to all the grain-growing civilizations of classical antiquity, especially in Egypt and Mesopotamia. The Babylonian Code of Hammurabi required that tavern-keepers who diluted or overcharged for beer should be put to death.
Beer was important to early Romans, but during Republican times wine displaced beer as the preferred alcoholic beverage, and beer became considered a beverage fit only for barbarians. Tacitus wrote disparagingly of the beer brewed by the Germanic peoples of his day.
The Kalevala, collected in written form in the nineteenth century but based on oral traditions many centuries old, contains more lines about the origin of brewing than are devoted to the origin of man.
Most beers until relatively recent times were what we would now call ales. Lagers were discovered by accident in the sixteenth century when beer was stored in cool caverns underground for long periods; it has since largely outpaced ale in volume. (See below for the distinction.) Hops, used for bittering and preservation, is a medieval addition. Hops was cultivated in France as early as the 800s. The oldest surviving written record of the use of hops in beer is in 1067 by Abbess Hildegarde of St. Ruprechtsberg: "If one intends to make beer from oats, it is prepared with hops." In 15th-century England, an unhopped beer would have been known as an ale, while the use of hops would make it a beer. Hopped beer was imported to England (from the Netherlands) as early at 1400 in Winchester and hops were being planted on the island by 1428. The Brewers Company of London went so far as to state "no hops, herbs, or other like thing be put into any ale or liquore wherof ale shall be made--but only liquor, malt, and yeast." However, by the 16th century, "ale" had come to refer to any strong beer, and all ale and beer were hopped.
Types of beer
There are many different types of beers. A comprehensive description of beer styles can be found at the website of the Beer Judge Certification Program.
Lager
Lagers are probably the most common type of beer consumed. They are aged beers of German origin, taking their name from the German lagern ("to store"). Bottom-fermented, they are stored at a low temperature for weeks or months, clearing, acquiring mellowness, and becoming charged with carbon dioxide. Although many styles of lager exist, most of the lager produced is light in colour, high in carbonation with a mild hop flavour and an alcohol content of 3-6% by volume. Styles of lager include:
- Bock
- Dortmund
- Dry beer
- Export
- Märzen (only made for bavarian Oktoberfest)
- Munich
- Pilsener
- Schwarzbier
Ale
Top-fermented beers, particularly popular in Great Britain and Ireland, include mild, bitter, pale ale, porter, and stout. Top-fermented beers tend to be more flavorsome, including a variety of grain flavors and fermentation flavors; they are also uncarbonated and ideally served at a higher temperature than lager. Stylistic differences among top-fermented beers are decidedly more varied than those found among bottom-fermented beers and many beer styles are difficult to categorize. California Common beer, for example, is produced using a lager yeast at ale temperatures. Wheat beers are often produced using an ale yeast and then lagered, sometimes with a lager yeast). Lambics employ wild yeasts, naturally-occurring in the Payottenland region of Belgium. Other examples of ale include stock ale and old ale. Real ale is a term for beers produced using traditional methods, and without pasteurization.
Other
North American beers are listed below.
- Wheat beer, including hefeweizen
- Barleywine
Beer and nationality
Belgium
like other nationalities - pride themselves on their rich beer culture. There are over 1500 kinds of Belgian beer (including label beer) among which Stella Artois, Alken Maes, Jupiler, Delirium Tremens, Duvel and Kwak are some of the best known. It is often said (particularly by Belgians) that the Belgian beers are particularly excellent. Belgium is the only country that has Trappist beer. External link: Beers of Belgium.
Britain
One common stereotype of the British (and indeed most residents of the British Isles) concerns their love of "warm beer". In fact, their beer is usually served around 12 degrees celsius - not as cool as most cold drinks, but still cool enough to be refreshing. Modern-day pubs keep their beer constantly at this temperature, but originally beer would be served at the temperature of the cellar in which it was stored. Proponents of British beer say that it relies on subtler flavours than that of other nations, and these are brought out by serving it at a temperature that would make other beers seem harsh. Where harsher flavours do exist in beer (most notably in those brewed in Yorkshire), these were traditionally mitigated by serving the beer through a hand pump that mixes air with the beer, oxidising it slightly and softening the flavour. Nowadays, only real ale tends to be served this way, and is not typical of how mass-produced beers are served - it is common to find the latter sold in bottles or drawn from a carbon dioxide-driven tap. Real Ale is championed by the * Campaign for Real Ale.
Canada
has a long history of beer production and consumption as the cold climate provides ideal conditions for brewing. It is well known for its two large commercial breweries, Molson and Labatt, and also for its large number of smaller companies.
Czech Republic
The Pilsener style of beer originated in the town of Plzen in Bohemia, and the Czechs make many well known and well regarded beers of this style, including the original Budweiser. The Czechs have the highest per capita consumption of beer.
Estonia and Finland
are known for their traditional Sahti, which is a beer made from rye or oat malts that are filtered through straws and juniper twigs. According to Michael Jackson, it is by far the oldest continuous living tradition of beer making, representing nothing less than a direct link with Babylonian beer-making methods.
France
Although French market is dominated by industrial breweries the Nord/Pas-de-Calais possesses a strong brewing traditions, which it shares with its Belgian neighbor across the border. Alsace, has also a strong tradition in brewing beer with bottom fermenting yeasts in German style.
Germany
With a extremely strong beer-oriented culture, the German market is a bit sheltered from the rest of the world beer market by the Reinheitsgebot dating from 1516, according to which the only allowed ingredients of beer are "Wasser (water), Hopfen (hops), Malz (malt) und Hefe (yeast)". Through this law, beers from Germany tend to have a good reputation for their quality. The Germans are slightly behind the Czechs in their per capita consumption of beer.The Munich Oktoberfest is very beer - oriented.
Ireland
is best known for stout, of which Guinness is the largest selling and most widely distributed brand.
Poland
Beer has always been extremely important for Poles, especially before they turned to vodka. One Polish ruler, encouraged by the Pope to take part in a crusade, refused because, as he wrote to the Pope, the holy land has no beer. Traditional Polish beer is usually a kind of Pilsener or a Porter. Traditional brands Zywiec full, Okocim and Elblaski Pils have been pushed out of the business by Tyskie, EB and Dojlidy. The latter was a development of the Elblaski Pils provided to Poles by Australian Tony Oates who is wanted in Australia for an alleged tax fraud of $100 000 000. Since the expansion of Heineken in Poland, Zywiec full lost its flavour and may go out business soon.
Romania
The Romanian beer is known in Central and Eastern Europe for its taste and little price. Ursus is the king of the romanian beer from 1879 (a brand of South African Breweries). Other traditional romanian beer brands are Timisoreana, Bucegi and Neumarkt.
Serbia and Montenegro
see Beer in Serbia and Montenegro
United States
After Prohibition and until the 1980s, the United States was known for its large commercial breweries. These breweries producing products more noted for their smooth light uniformity than for any particular flavor. However, since the resurgence of the commercial craft brewing industry in the 1980s, the United States now features many beers, offered by over 1500 brewpubs, microbreweries, and regional brewers. While in volume, the lightweight macrobrews from breweries such as Anheuser-Busch still dominate, smaller producers brew in a variety of styles influenced by local sources of hops and other ingredients as well as by various European traditions. The Association of Brewers has identified the following styles of North American origin:
The success of the commercial craft brewing industry has led the large breweries to invest in smaller breweries such as Widmer, and to develop more complex beers of their own.
- American-style pale ale
- American-style strong pale ale
- Imperial or double India pale ale
- American-style amber/red ale
- California Common beer
- Imperial or double red ale
- Golden or blonde ale
- American-style brown ale
- American lager
- American-style light lager
- American-style light amber lager
- American-style pilsener
- Dry lager
- American ice lager
- American malt liquor
- American-style Märzen/Oktoberfest
- American dark lager
Related drinks
Beers, and similar beverages made from raw materials other than barley, include: *hundreds of local African drinks made from millet
- sorghum, and other available starch crops
- mead, made from honey
- Finnish sahti
- Russian/Ukrainian kvass
- Chinese samshu
- Korean suk,
- Japanese sake, all brewed from rice
- pulque, an indigenous Mexican beer made from the fermented sap of the agave plant
- chicha, a Andean beverage made from germinated maize.
Brewing industry
- Anheuser-Busch (St. Louis)
- Interbrew (Belgium)
- Heineken (Netherlands)
- South African Breweries
- Miller Brewing
- Swedish brewing industry
Commercial brands of beer
- List of commercial brands of beer
Quotations
- "Beer is proof that God loves us, and wants us to be happy." -- Benjamin Franklin
- "Give me a woman who truly loves beer, and I will conquer the world." -- Kaiser Wilhelm II
- "Malt does more than Milton can to justify God's ways to man" -- A. E. Housman
- "Beer: The cause of, and solution to, all of life's problems." -- Homer Simpson
See also
- Public house
- Widget
- Draught beer
- Tap beer
- Ice beer
- Non-alcoholic beer
- Near beer
External links
- www.ratebeer.com - Extensive evaluations of various beers.
- "Beer 101" class
- World Brewing Academy - professional education in brewing technology, web based training
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Beer."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Samuel Adams is the brand name of an American beer, produced by the Boston Beer Company and named after brewer and patriot, Samuel Adams.The brand originally began with only one variety, Samuel Adams Boston Lager. The recipe for this beer was originally developed in Saint Louis, Missouri by Louis Koch in 1860 and sold under the name Louis Koch Lager until Prohibition, and again until the early 1950s.
In 1985, Louis Koch's great-great grandson, Jim Koch, opened a brewery in Boston, Massachusetts and in April of that year re-introduced the beer under the Samuel Adams name. It was an immediate commercial success, voted "Best Beer in America" at the Association of Brewers' "Great American Beer Festival."
As of 2003, the company produces eight varieties of beer year-round: Boston Lager, Boston Ale, Pale Ale, Cherry Wheat, Cream Stout, Triple Bock, Vienna Style, and Sam Adams Light. Additionally, the company brews five seasonal beers per year as follows:
The company also produced a 3,000-bottle limited run dubbed "Millennium."
- Double Bock (January - March)
- Spring Ale (January - March)
- Summer Ale (May - August)
- Octoberfest (August - October)
- Winter Ale (October - February)
External link
- Company website
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Samuel Adams (beer)."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
BEER | English | Binary-Element Error Ratio | Computing |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonym: BeerSynonym: suds (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Contempt | Look down upon; hold cheap, hold in contempt, hold in disrespect; think nothing of, think small beer of; make light of; underestimate; esteem slightly, esteem of small or no account; take no account of, care nothing for; set no store by; not care a straw, sneeze at; (unimportance); set at naught, laugh in one's sleeve, laugh up one's sleeve, snap one;s fingers at, shrug one's shoulders, turn up one's nose at, pooh-pooh, "damn with faint praise"; whistle at, sneer at; curl up one's lip, toss the head, traiter de haut enbas; laugh at; (be disrespectful). |
Drunkenness | Drink; alcoholic drinks; blue ruin, grog, port wine; punch, punch bowl; cup, rosy wine, flowing bowl; drop, drop too much; dram; beer; (beverage); aguardiente; apple brandy, applejack; brandy, brandy smash; chain lightning, champagne, gin, ginsling; highball, peg, rum, rye, schnapps, sherry, sling, uisquebaugh, usquebaugh, whisky, xeres. |
Food | Wine, spirits, liqueur, beer, ale, malt liquor, Sir John Barleycorn, stingo, heavy wet; grog, toddy, flip, purl, punch, negus, cup, bishop, wassail; gin; (intoxicating liquor); coffee, chocolate, cocoa, tea, the cup that cheers but not inebriates; bock beer, lager beer, Pilsener beer, schenck beer; Brazil tea, cider, claret, ice water, mate, mint julep; near beer. beer, non-alcoholic beverage. |
Pride | Verb: be proud; Adjective: put a good face on; look one in the face; stalk abroad, perk oneself up; think no small beer of oneself; presume, swagger, strut; rear one's head, lift up one's head, hold up one's head; hold one's head high, look big, take the wall, " bear like the Turk no rival near the throne ", carry with a high hand; ride the high horse, mount on one's high horse; set one's back up, bridle, toss the head; give oneself airs; (assume); boast. |
Pride oneself on; glory in, take a pride in; pique oneself, plume oneself, hug oneself; stand upon, be proud of; put a good face on; not hide one's light under a bushel, not put one's talent in a napkin; not think small beer of oneself; (vanity). | |
Unimportance | Nothing, nothing to signify, nothing worth speaking of, nothing particular, nothing to boast of, nothing to speak of; small matter, no great matter, trifling matter; Adjective:; mere joke, mere nothing; hardly anything; scarcely anything; small beer, cipher; no great shakes, peu de chose; child's play, kinderspiel. |
Vanity | Have too high an opinion of oneself, have an overweening opinion of oneself, have too high an opinion of one's talents; blind oneself as to one's own merit; not think small beer of oneself, not think vin ordinaire of oneself; put oneself forward; fish for compliments; give oneself airs; (assume); boast. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Beer |
| English words defined with "beer": beer barrel, beer bottle, beer can, beer drinker, beer garden, beer glass, beer hall, beer keg, beer maker, beer mug, Blink beer, bock beer ♦ Dole beer ♦ Lager beer, light beer ♦ near beer ♦ root beer float ♦ schenk beer, small beer, spruce beer ♦ Table beer ♦ weiss beer. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "beer": Beer and Skittles, Beer aux Mouches, Bottled Beer, bottom fermentation beer, bottom fermented beer ♦ Chronicle Small Beer ♦ high fermentation beer ♦ low fermentation beer ♦ Salt in Beer ♦ top fermentation beer, top fermented beer ♦ virtual beer. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "beer": Zythepsary. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Beer" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses. Afrikaan (abutment, bear, boar), Dutch (abutment, bear, boar), Latin (bless, delight, enrich, gladden, make happy), Manx (beer), Portuguese (beer). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | I have respect for beer! (A Beautiful Mind; writing credit: Akiva Goldsman) Life is not all beer and Gardetos (Air Force One; writing credit: Andrew W. Marlowe) It's beer o'clock, and I'm buying (Memento; writing credit: Bo Goldman; Lawrence Hauben) Some place warm, a place where the beer flows like wine, where beautiful women instinctively flock like the salmon of Capistrano (Dumb and Dumber; writing credit: Bobby Farrelly, Peter Farrelly, and Bennett Yellin.) Somebody who sold you to Humble Pie for fifty bucks and a case of beer! I was there (Almost Famous; writing credit: Cameron Crowe) | |
Lyrics | So it's either here just drinkin' beer (Pop A Top; performing artist: Alan Jackson) And the microphone smells like a beer ("Piano Man"; performing artist: Billy Joel) The beer was empty and our tongues were tired (Same Old Lang Syne; performing artist: Dan Fogelberg) Young punk spilling beer on my shoes, (I Can't Dance; performing artist: Genesis) I cooked a pig in the ground, we got some beer on ice ("All My Rowdy Friends Are Coming Over Tonight"; performing artist: Hank Williams Jr.) | |
Clever | Beauty is in the eye of the beer holder. (references; author: unknown) 365.25 days of drinking low-calorie beer because it's less filling: 1 lite year. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | De Beer (1966) Beer Barrel Polecats (1946) High Beer Pressure (1936) Beer Is Here (1933) Buddy's Beer Garden (1933) | |
Song Titles | Beer Barrel Polka, The (performing artist: The Andrews Sisters) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References |
| ||
Books |
| ||
Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
High Tech |
| ||
Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Shown are two old men in shirt-sleeves sitting on a bench outside and are drinking beer. It appears to be summer. This is meant to show the effects of drinking on people and the aging process. Credit: J. Troha (photographer). |  | A mug of golden beer with a white froth; against a black background. Credit: Len Rizzi (photographer). |
 | A house constructed from beer bottles on the Nevada-California border. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |  | Eight pints of beer and four large whiskies a day aren't doing her any good. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |
 | Martin Beer. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |  | Patrons and staff at the Naval Air Station, Beaufort, South Carolina, Officers' Club celebrate news of Japan's surrender, 14 August 1945. Note bottle of "Ballantine's Beer" raised by officer in left center background. Credit: NAVY. |
 | Liberty party from Tangier on Los Negros Island, Admiralties, on 14 June 1944. Their ship is anchored in the right distance. Note beer drinkers in the foreground, swimmers beyond and motor launch delivering more men to the pier, where they are collecting two bottles of beer apiece as they come ashore. A PBY seaplane is moored in the left center distance. Credit: NAVY. |  | Centennial Exhibition (Philadelphia, Pa.). Proposed German beer hall. Elevation and plan. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | They went back to the old habit of singing in saloons for bread and beer. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | A cigar, Spain, and a mug of beer, United States, discussing tax increases on beer and cigars to create war revenue] / Bart. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Beer bottles" by Carlos Villela Commentary: "Four beer bottles in the fridge, four beer of bottles..." | "Beer Bottle 01" by Josiah Gordon Commentary: "Beer bottle in a studio setting." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Bill Hicks | Supreme Court says pornography is anything without artistic merit that causes sexual thought, that's their definition, essentially. No artistic merit, causes sexual thought. Hmm. Sounds like...every commercial on television, doesn't it? You know, when I see those two twins on that Doublemint commercial? I'm not thinking of gum. I am thinking of chewing, maybe that's the connection they're trying to make. What? You've all seen that Busch beer commercial, where the girl in the short hot pants opens the beer bottle on her belt buckle, leaves it there, and it foams over her hand and over the bottle and the voice over goes, "Get yourself a BUSCH." Hmm. You know what that looks like, nah, no way. |
Carry Nation | Men are nicotine soaked, beer besmirched, whiskey greased, red-eyed devils. |
Friedrich Nietzsche | Where does one not find that bland degeneration which beer produces in the spirit! |
Norman Mailer | I usually need a can of beer to prime me. |
Washington Irving | They who drink beer will think beer. |
William Shakespeare | To suckle fools, and chronicle small beer. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Title | Author | Quote |
Sylvie and Bruno Concluded | Carroll, Lewis | Two or three others leaned out through the open window, each holding his mug of beer, with red faces and sleepy eyes |
The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy | Douglas Adams | "This must be Thursday", said Arthur musing to himself, sinking low over his beer, "I never could get the hang of Thursdays." |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | Running beer gathers no foam |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | On the sink shelf lay an old beer opener and a broken fork with its wooden handle gone |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Ask your doctor if and how much beer, wine, or other alcoholic beverages you can drink during treatment. (references) | |
If your doctor allows, have a small glass of wine or beer during a meal. It may help to stimulate your appetite. (references) | ||
Beer ranges considerably in its alcohol content, with malt liquor being higher in its alcohol content than most other brewed beverages. (references) | ||
Business | During 1999, beer was imported from some 48 countries. (references) | |
Annual sales of beer in Japan total roughly $34 billion. (references) | ||
Bottled beer accounts for about one-third of the market. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Belarus | Many former synagogues in Minsk are used as theaters, museums, sports complexes, and a German-owned beer hall; the Jewish community's requests to have these synagogues returned has been refused. (references) |
Economic History | Kenya | Kenya produces excellent beer utilizing locally-grown barley. (references) |
Panama | Best prospects are: red meats, poultry meat, beer, dairy products, snacks. (references) | |
Political Economy | TAIWAN | Taiwan will phase out the monopoly in wine and beer production after it accedes to the WTO. (references) |
PARAGUAY | Local manufacturers of cigarettes and beer pay income taxes only on reported profit margins and at year-end. (references) | |
PARAGUAY | Imported beer is required to display detailed manufacture and content information, labeled in Spanish at the point of bottling. (references) | |
Trade | Barbados | Beer, fruit juices and fruit drinks can be imported with a license. (references) |
Hong Kong | The tax on distilled spirits is 100 percent, on wine is 60 percent and on beer is 30 percent. (references) | |
Slovak Rep | Non-automatic import licenses are required for water, black coal, brown coal, crude oil and natural gas as well as beer. (references) | |
Travel | Azerbaijan | Beer, soft drinks and hard alcohol are widely sold. (references) |
Mauritius | Mauritius also produces its own wines, rum, and beer. (references) | |
Nepal | Locally bottled soft drinks, club soda, and beer are generally safe. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | OLYMPIAN, adj. Relating to a mountain in Thessaly, once inhabited by gods, now a repository of yellowing newspapers, beer bottles and mutilated sardine cans, attesting the presence of the tourist and his appetite. His name the smirking tourist scrawls Upon Minerva's temple walls, Where thundered once Olympian Zeus, And marks his appetite's abuse. Averil Joop |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Dennis Miller | Christ, if we were any more insulated, our asses could keep beer cold. |
Joe Viterelli | Oh, well, I had a couple of beer joints that I sold in New York and I came out here and I was looking around. |
Rush Limbaugh | We even make beer companies run a portion of their advertising which is oriented toward convincing people not to by their product, much like we tell the tobacco companies to do. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| "Beer" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.46% of the time. "Beer" is used about 3,312 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.46% | 3,295 | 2,898 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.54% | 18 | 82,615 |
| Total | 100.00% | 3,312 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes the usage of "beer" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified. |
| Name | Usage/Gender | Usage per 100 million Persons | Rank in USA |
| Beer | Last name | 2,000 | 5,970 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits. | |||
| Country | Name | Country | Name |
| Japan | Asahi Beer System, Ltd. | USA | Boston Beer Co. Inc. |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "beer": a draught of beer ♦ beer barrel ♦ beer belly ♦ beer bottle ♦ beer can ♦ beer cellar ♦ beer drinker ♦ beer engine ♦ beer garden ♦ beer glass ♦ beer gut ♦ beer hall ♦ beer house ♦ beer jug ♦ beer keg ♦ beer maker ♦ beer money ♦ beer mug ♦ beer on draught ♦ beer on the tap ♦ beer or ale ♦ beer pump ♦ beer stein ♦ birch beer ♦ bitter beer ♦ Blink beer ♦ bock beer ♦ bottle of beer ♦ bottled beer ♦ bottom fermentation beer ♦ bottom fermented beer ♦ buck beer ♦ Chowder beer ♦ chronicle small beer ♦ dark beer ♦ Dole beer ♦ draft beer ♦ draught beer ♦ foxy beer ♦ frothy beer ♦ Ginger beer ♦ guzzle beer ♦ he thinks no small beer of himself ♦ herb beer ♦ high fermentation beer ♦ it's not all beer and skittles ♦ i've gone off beer ♦ Jakob Liebmann Beer ♦ Lager beer ♦ life is not all beer and skittles ♦ light beer ♦ low fermentation beer ♦ mild beer ♦ millet beer ♦ Munich beer ♦ near beer ♦ not think small beer of oneself ♦ pilsner beer ♦ pint of beer ♦ porter's beer ♦ root beer ♦ root beer float ♦ schenk beer ♦ single beer ♦ small beer ♦ spruce beer ♦ strong beer ♦ table beer ♦ think no small beer of oneself ♦ top fermentation beer ♦ top fermented beer ♦ virtual beer ♦ weiss beer. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "beer": beer-and-skittles, beer-barrel, beer-befuddled, beer-bellied, beer-belly, beer-bottle, beer-bottles, beer-bottling, beer-bulged, beer-can, beer-cans, beer-cellar, beer-coloured, beer-crate, beer-crates, beer-drinker, beer-drinkers, beer-drinking, Beer-elim, beer-fuming, beer-garden, beer-gardens, beer-gut, beer-hall, beer-house, beer-houses, beer-induced, Beer-lahai-roi, Beer-lambert, beer-lovers, beer-loving, beer-maker, beer-mat, beer-money, beer-mugs, beer-of-the-year, beer-pot, beer-producing, beer-pull, beer-pumps, beer-reeking, beer-shop, beer-shops, beer-snore, beer-soaked, beer-sodden, beer-stained, beer-swiggers, beer-swigging, beer-swilling, beer-tasting, beer-tent, beer-tin, beer-truck, beer-wet. | |
Ending with "beer": anti-beer, Baalath-beer, euro-beer, fungi-beer, garlic-and-beer, ginger-beer, non-beer, one-beer, rice-beer, root-beer, rowan-beer, spruce-beer, table-beer, tear-in-my-beer, wheat-beer. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
beer | 5,487 | neon beer sign | 241 |
de beer | 1,013 | beer bong | 236 |
beer can chicken | 895 | beer belly | 234 |
beer horse | 841 | german beer | 229 |
beer brewing | 604 | beer chicken | 225 |
beer making | 540 | beer keg | 215 |
beer mug | 457 | beer horse keith lyrics toby | 209 |
beer store | 446 | guinness beer | 209 |
miller beer | 398 | beer cooler | 203 |
german beer stein | 388 | beer root tapper | 193 |
beer of the month club | 382 | beer horse lyrics | 190 |
beer stein | 376 | agriculture beer | 189 |
corona beer | 375 | beer taps | 188 |
root beer | 366 | beer label | 186 |
beer steins | 312 | de beer diamond | 184 |
beer picture | 283 | beer pong | 179 |
beer bottle | 264 | beer glasses | 175 |
beer sign | 260 | a and w root beer | 171 |
beer can | 254 | papas and beer | 167 |
beer butt chicken | 241 | beer recipe | 166 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "beer"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | bier (ale). (various references) | |
Albanian | birrë (ale, malt, table-beer, tap, wallop). (various references) | |
Arabic | جعة (malt, stout), المزر شراب نوع من الجعة (ale), شراب من الشعير, بيرة (porter, suds). (various references) | |
Asturian | cerveza. (various references) | |
Basque | garagardo. (various references) | |
Bavarian | bia (ale). (various references) | |
Bemba | ubwalwa. (various references) | |
Blackfoot | áísaakotsii. (various references) | |
Breton | bier. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | глава (attic, bulb, chief, chump, compartment, conk, crumpet, head, knob, loaf, nob, noddle, noggin, nut, onion, pate, poll, sconce, topknot), бира (ale, malt liquor, wallop), пиво (ale, malt liquor). (various references) | |
Catalan | cervesa. (various references) | |
Cebuano | bir. (various references) | |
Chamorro | setbesa. (various references) | |
Chinese | 啤酒 . (various references) | |
Cornish | coref. (various references) | |
Croatian | piva. (various references) | |
Czech | pivo (ale, jar), piva. (various references) | |
Danish | øl (ale). (various references) | |
Dutch | bier (ale). (various references) | |
Ecuadorian Quechua | cibada yacu. (various references) | |
Esperanto | biero (ale). (various references) | |
Estonian | õlut. (various references) | |
Faeroese | øl (ale). (various references) | |
Farsi | ابجونوشیدن , ابجو (Ale, Gill, Porter). (various references) | |
Finnish | olut (ale, lager). (various references) | |
Flemish | bier. (various references) | |
French | bière. (various references) | |
French Canadian | bière. (various references) | |
Frisian | bier. (various references) | |
Galician | cervexa. (various references) | |
German | bier (ale, wallop). (various references) | |
Greek | μπύρα (ale). (various references) | |
Haitian Creole | byè. (various references) | |
Hawaiian | birrë (ale). (various references) | |
Hebrew | בירה (capital, citadel). (various references) | |
Hungarian | sör (ale, hops, John Barleycorn, malt liquor, slosh). (various references) | |
Icelandic | bjór, öl (ale). (various references) | |
Indonesian | bir. (various references) | |
Irish | beoir (ale). (various references) | |
Italian | birra (ale, bitter, lager, wallop). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 麦酒 , ビー玉 (beer-garden, beginner, biennale, bigalopolis, bikini, bishop, business, business assessment, business automation, business class, business college, business consultant, business game, business girl, business school, business survey, business wear, bustier, busy, marble, Pieta, victor, Victoria, victory, vicuna, viola, visa, visiting team, visitor, visitor fee), ヒンディー語 (beach, beach coat, beach house, beach parasol, beach umbrella, beach volleyball, beach wear, beacon, beads, beagle, beaker, beam, beam antenna, beam rider, beast, beat, beat generation, Beatles, beaver, bee, beef, beefalo, beefsteak, beep, beet, Hindi, Hindustan, hint, Venus, virus, viva). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ビール , ビア , びいる, ばくしゅ. (various references) | |
Kongo | mbamvu. (various references) | |
Korean | 맥주. (various references) | |
Lombard | birra (ale). (various references) | |
Macedonian | pivo. (various references) | |
Manx | lhune (ale), jough cheyl, beer. (various references) | |
Maori | pia. (various references) | |
Mohawk | onen'takeri, katsi'tsyakeras. (various references) | |
Norwegian | øl (ale). (various references) | |
Occitan | cervesa. (various references) | |
Papago | sil-wihsa. (various references) | |
Papiamen | serbes (ale). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | eerbay.(various references) | |
Polish | piwo (ale). (various references) | |
Portuguese | cerveja (ale, tap). (various references) | |
Portuguese Brazilian | cerveja. (various references) | |
Provencal | cervesa. (various references) | |
Romanian | bere (ale, small drink, stout). (various references) | |
Romansch | biera. (various references) | |
Romany | bìra. (various references) | |
Russian | пиво (ale, malt). (various references) | |
Samoan | pia. (various references) | |
Scottish | beóir, beòir (ale), leann (ale, liquor). (various references) | |
Sepedi | bjalwa. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | pivo (ale). (various references) | |
Shona | hwahwa (African beer). (various references) | |
Slovene | piva. (various references) | |
Somali | biirka. (various references) | |
Spanish | cerveza (ale, malt liquor, pint, suds, tap). (various references) | |
Sranan | biri (ale). (various references) | |
Swahili | pombe (ale), bia (ale). (various references) | |
Swazi | tjwâlá. (various references) | |
Swedish | öl (ale, beers, malt, wallop). (various references) | |
Tagalog | serbesa (ale). (various references) | |
Tahitian | pia. (various references) | |
Thai | เบียร์ (drafty, slosh). (various references) | |
Turkish | bira (ale, hop, suds). (various references) | |
Turkmen | piwa (r). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | слабкий алкогольний напій, пиво (ale, tiff, wallop). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | rượu bia ngà ngà say những cái thú vị, những trò giải trí vui chơi. (various references) | |
Welsh | bi+r, tablen (ale), cwrw (ale). (various references) | |
Yucatec | seerbeesa (ale), cheba (ale). (various references) | |
Zulu | utshwala (ale), ubhiya (ale). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Sumerian | 3100 BCE-2500 BCE | dida, kas. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Genesis Chapter 16, Verse 14 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Eneken toutou ekalesen to frear frear ou enwpion eidon idou ana meson kadhV kai ana meson barad |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Propterea appellavit puteum illum puteum Viventis et videntis me ipse est inter Cades et Barad |
| Old English | 990 | West Saxon | And for þi heo het ðone wæterpytt "Libbendes ond Seondes Me" (Beer Lahai Roi). Se pytt ys betwux Cades ond Barath. |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | Therfor she nemnyde that pytte, the pytte of hym lyuynge and seynge me; thilk is bytwix Cades and Barad. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | Wherfore she called the well the well of the lyuynge that seith me which well is betwene Cades and Bared. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Wherefore the well was called Beerlahairoi; behold, it is between Kadesh and Bered. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Wherefore the well was called Beer-la-hai-roi; behold, it is between Kadesh and Bered. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | So that fountain was named, Fountain of Life and Vision: it is between Kadesh and Bered. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Genesis Chapter 16, Verse 14 |
| Croatian | Stoga se taj zdenac zove Beer Lahaj Roi - Zdenac životvornog Svevida, a eno ga izmeðu Kadeša i Bereda. |
| Danish | Derfor kaldte man Brønden Be'erlahajro'i; den ligger mellem Kadesj og Bered. |
| Dutch | Daarom noemde men dien put, den put Lachai-roi; ziet, hij is tussen Kades en tussen Bered. |
| Finnish | Sentähden kutsutaan kaivoa nimellä Lahai-Roin kaivo; se on Kaadeksen ja Beredin välillä. |
| French | C`est pourquoi l`on a appelé ce puits le puits de Lachaï roï; il est entre Kadès et Bared. |
| German | Darum hieß man den Brunnen einen Brunnen des Lebendigen, der mich ansieht; welcher Brunnen ist zwischen Kades und Bared. |
| Haitian Creole | Se poutèt sa, yo rele pi dlo ki ant Kadès ak Barèd la: Pi moun vivan ki wè m' lan. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Itulah sebabnya orang menyebut sumur di antara Kades dan Bered itu, "Sumur Dia Yang Hidup Yang Memperhatikan Aku". |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Maka sebab itulah dinamainya akan mata air itu Lakhai-Roi; bahwa adalah ia itu antara Kades dan Bered. |
| Maori | Koia i huaina ai taua puna ko Peererahairoi; na, kei waenganui i Karehe, i Perere. |
| Norwegian | Derfor kaller de brønnen Lakai Ro'is brønn*; den ligger mellem Kades og Bered. # <* d.e. den levendes brønn som ser mig.> |
| Rumanian | De aceea fkntkna aceea s`a numit ,,Fkntkna Celui viu care mq vede``; ea este kntre Cades wi Bared. |
| Swedish | Därav kallades brunnen Beer-Lahai-Roi; den ligger mellan Kades och Bered. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "beer": beerier, beeriest, beers, beery. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "beer": ambeer. (additional references) | |
Words containing "beer": ambeers, bebeeru, bebeerus. (additional references) | |
| |
"Beer" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: abeer, Abiezer, baer, Baere, baeri, baeur, beara, beari, bearu, beaur, Becerra, Bedern, bedr, beeb, beec, beeem, beeg, beem, Beere, be'ere, beev, beew, beey, beez, beger, begr, Behera, behr, Behra, Beier, Beir, Beiro, benr, beor, ber, berc, Berec, Berek, beren, Berer, Berj, berk, berl, bero, berp, berq, berr, beru, berz, beter, betera, betr, beue, beur, Bevere, bexe, beyer, bher, biere, bifr, bimer, bizer, bleerk, Boere, bree, breer, brer, Breur, buero, Buir, buver, Byeee, byer, byr, byrl, byrr, ebar, ebber, eber, Eberz, Ebner, mber, nber, Obere. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "beer" (pronounced bi"r) |
| 2 | -i" r | adhere, Amir, appear, auctioneer, austere, bandolier, belvedere, bioengineer, bombardier, Brigadier, budgeteer, career, cashier, cavalier, chandelier, cheer, Chevalier, clear, commandeer, conventioneer, dear, deer, disappear, domineer, ear, electioneer, emir, engineer, fear, financier, fleer, Frere, frontier, gear, gondolier, hear, here, insincere, interfere, jeer, Kier, Lear, marketeer, mere, mir, mutineer, near, overhear, pamphleteer, peer, persevere, pier, pioneer, premier, premiere, profiteer, queer, Racketeer, Rainier, reappear, rear, reengineer, rehear, revere, sear, sere, severe, shear, sheer, sincere, smear, sneer, souvenir, spear, Speer, speir, sphere, steer, summiteer, unclear, veer, veneer, volunteer, year, Zaire. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: bree. | |
| Words within the letters "b-e-e-r" | |
-1 letter: bee, ere, reb, ree. | |
-2 letters: be, er, re. | |
| Words containing the letters "b-e-e-r" | |
+1 letter: beers, beery, beret, berme, brede, breed, brees, breve, ember, grebe, rebbe, rebec, rebel, weber. | |
+2 letters: aerobe, ambeer, barege, bargee, beaker, bearer, beater, beaver, bedder, beeper, beezer, before, befret, belier, belter, bemire, bender, berake, berate, bereft, berets, berime, bermes, better, beware, bireme, boreen, bredes, breech, breeds, breeks, breeze, breezy, breves, brevet, brewed, brewer, bribee, burgee, embers, embrue, enrobe, eyebar, grebes, herbed, hereby, kerbed, member, obeyer, rebate, rebbes, rebeck, rebecs, rebels, rebore, rebred, rebuke, reverb, ribeye, treble, webers. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Quotations: Familiar 10. Quotations: Fiction 11. Quotations: Non-fiction 12. Quotations: Spoken | 13. Usage Frequency 14. Names: Frequency 15. Names: Company Usage 16. Expressions | 17. Expressions: Internet 18. Translations: Modern 19. Translations: Ancient 20. Bible Trace | 21. Abbreviations 22. Acronyms 23. Derivations 24. Rhymes | 25. Anagrams 26. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
