Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Attenuation |
AttenuationNoun1. Weakening in force or intensity: "attenuation in the volume of the sound". 2. The property of something that has been weakened or reduced in thickness or density. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "attenuation" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1870. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Aerospace | Reduction in intensity. (references) |
Computing | Ratio of the output to the input values of quantities of the same kind in a device or system when less than unity. Source: European Union. (references) |
Electrical Engineering | The power reduction along a transmission line for the mode or modes under consideration. Quantitatively expressed either by the ratio or the logarithm of the ratio of an input power at the initial point to the corresponding output power at the final point. Source: European Union. (references) |
Energy | The process by which the number of particles or photons entering a body of matter is reduced by absorption and scattered radiation. (references) |
Environment | The process by which a compound is reduced in concentration over time, through absorption, adsorption, degradation, dilution, and/or transformation. an also be the decrease with distance of sight caused by attenuation of light by particulate pollution. (references) |
| The diminuation of quantity. In the case of visibility, attenuation or extinction refers to the loss of image-forming light as it passes from an object to the observer. (references) | |
Food & Agriculture | Fall in specific gravity of must during fermentation. Source: European Union. (references) |
Geological | When you throw a pebble in a pond, it makes waves on the surface that move out from the place where the pebble entered the water. The waves are largest where they are formed and gradually get smaller as they move away. This decrease in size, or amplitude, of the waves is called attenuation. (references) |
Health | Reduction of transmitted sound energy or its electrical equivalent. (references) |
Hydrologic | The process where the flood crest is reduced as it progresses downs. (references) |
Mathematics | Where observations on bivariate material are subject to errors of measurement the true correlation between the variates will be obscured, usually being underestimated. The correlation is then said to be attenuated. Source: European Union. (references) |
Mining | A. A reduction in the amplitude or energy of a signal, such as might be produced by passage through a filter b. A reduction in the amplitude of seismic waves, as produced by divergence, reflection and scattering, and absorption c. That portion of the decrease in seismic or sonar signal strength with distance that is dependent not on geometrical divergence, but on the physical characteristics of the transmitting medium. CF:dampi. (references) |
Nuclear Energy & Physics | The reduction of a radiation quantity upon passage of radiation through matter resulting from all types of interaction with that matter. Source: European Union. (references) |
Physics | The diminution of energy of a particular mode, with travel range, of an ultrasonic beam, arising from the combined effects of absorption, scattering, and geometric beam spread. Source: European Union. (references) |
Public Administration | Of a quantity associated with a travelling waveguide wave, the decrease with distance in the direction of propagation. Source: European Union. (references) |
Science | The decrease in the magnitude of current, voltage, or power of a signal in transmission between points. Attenuation may be expressed in decibels, and can be caused by interference's such as rain, clouds, or radio frequency signals. (references) |
Solar | Loss of a substance as it is deflected, fragmented, or absorbed. For example, solar irradiance attenuates as it passes through the atmosphere to the surface of the earth. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Attenuation is to lessen the amount, force, magnitude, or value of something.
1. In biology, attenuation is a mechanism in the regulation of gene expression
2. In ecology and geochemistry, attenuation is the ability to withhold contaminants in soils and groundwaters by various mechanisms like adsorption, dilution, dispersion or biological degradation, causing a lower toxicity compared to the total amount of the contaminant.
3. In physical oceanography, light attenuation is the decrease in light intensity with depth in the water column due to absorption (by water molecules) and scattering (by suspended particulates).
4. In telecommunication, '\attenuation' is the decrease in intensity of a signal, beam, or wave as a result of absorption of energy and of scattering out of the path to the detector, but not including the reduction due to geometric spreading.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Attenuation."
Synonym: AttenuationSynonym: fading (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Contraction | Noun: contraction, reduction, diminution; decrease; of size; defalcation, decrement; lessening, shrinking; Verb: compaction; tabes, collapse, emaciation, attenuation, tabefaction, consumption, marasmus, atrophy; systole, neck, hourglass. |
Pulverulence | Pulverization, comminution, attenuation, granulation, disintegration, subaction, contusion, trituration, levigation, abrasion, detrition, multure; limitation; tripsis; filing .Verb:. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Title |
Books |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Hearing protection devices must be available that are comfortable, practical for the demands of work tasks, and provide adequate attenuation. (references) | |
Labeled ratings of hearing protector attenuation must be more realistic so that the degree of protection achieved in the workplace can be properly estimated. (references) | ||
Development of repeatable laboratory procedures that incorporate behavioral tests to yield realistic estimates of hearing protector attenuation performance that are accepted for device labeling purposes. (references) | ||
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Attenuation" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Attenuation" is used about 143 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 100% | 143 | 26,451 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "attenuation": attenuation distortion ♦ attenuation factor ♦ differential mode attenuation ♦ sideband attenuation. Additional references. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "attenuation"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | zbutje (alleviation, amortization, appeasement, creep, domestication, extenuation, maceration, malaxation, mitigation, mollification, propitiation, reclamation, relaxation, relief, softening), rrallim (rarefaction, rarity, tenuity), pakësim (abatement, cut, decrease, decrement, deflation, degression, detraction, diminution, fall, leanness, lessening, letup, modification, reduction, retrenchment, shortening, taper, wane), lehtësim (easement, extenuation, facilitation, mitigation, palliation, relaxation, release, relief, remission, softening, solace), hollim (dilution, emaciation, slimming). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | هزال (leanness, slimness), وهن (asthenia, attenuate, damp, dampen, debilitate, debility, decay, discouragement, distemper, droop, enervate, enfeeble, extenuate, feebleness, imitators, infirmity, invalidate, languish, languishment, languor, pall, relax, sap, shrivel, sickliness, thin, weak spot, weaken, weaklings), تخفيف (alleviation, dilution, easement, extenuation, mitigation, reduction, remission), ضعف (backwardness, crack, craze, debility, decrepitude, defect, delicacy, emaciation, enervation, failing, failure, fainting, feebleness, flabbiness, flightiness, frailness, frailty, grogginess, imitators, impairment, impotence, inadequacy, incapability, infirmity, lameness, languor, limp, limpness, shakiness, sickliness, sleeplessness, tenuousness, twice, uneasiness, weak spot, weaklings, weakness). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | смекчаване (abatement, mitigation, modification, mollification, softening, sweetening, tempering), разреждане (dilution, rarefaction, thinning), ослабване (atrophy), намаляване (abatement, abridgement, ax, axe, comminution, contraction, decrement, deduction, degression, depletion, diminution, dipping, impairment, lessening, reduction, relaxation, shrinkage, wane), измършавяване (emaciation, tabefaction, tabes). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 稀释 (DIL, Dilute, Diluted, Diluting, Dilution). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | ztenèení. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | attenuering, traek (attenuating, draft, draught, drawing, drawing qualities, drive, haul of a net, hayl, kind of drive, system of drive, traction), svækkelse af korrelation, forgaering, daempning (cushioning, rejection), dæmpning (alleviation, damping, loss). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | attenuation, afname van de concentratie, verzwakking (abatement), vergisting, trekken (attract, bend, design, drag, draw, haul, limp, make a draft, make a stroke, migrate, pull, roam, tow, tug, wander, wander about), draadtrekken (attenuating, drawing), demping (damping, loss). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | veto (bet, draught, pull, stroke, traction), venytys (stretching), vaimentuminen (decay), vaimennus (alleviation, damping, moderation), vaimeneminen (damping), ominaispainon lasku, käymisaste. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | atténuation. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | dämpfung (abatement, absorption, damping, decay, dilution), abschwächung (mitigation, weakening). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | βαθμός ζύμωσης, μείωση πυκνότητας γλεύκους, εξασθένιση (debilitation), εξασθένηση (debility, decline, impairment), αραίωση (rarefaction), απόσβεση (damping, deadening, depreciation, payment), τράβηγμα (draught, drawing, haul, pull, traction, tug, twitch, withdrawal, withdrawament, yank). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | ""לל" (dilution). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | hígulás. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indonesian | redaman, pengurusan (emaciation, MANAGING), pengurangan (cut, cutback, declension, decrease, decrement, deduction, diminution), pelaifan. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | attenuazione (extenuation, mitigation, understatement). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 減衰率 , 減衰 (damping, decay), 尻窄まり (fizzling out). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | しりすぼまり (fizzling out), '"すいりつ, '"すい (admiral, damping, decay, general of the army, marshal, subsiding of water). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 묽게함. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | thannid (leanness, liquidity, rareness, scragginess, shallowness, spareness, tenuity, thinness; two year old sheep, weediness), sheeyney magh (attenuate, distend, distention, expand, expansion, extend, fork out, hold out, lengthen, pass round, prolong, protract, protraction, push out, put out, reach, stretch out, unfold, unfold as landscape), keylagh (attenuate, slenderize, thin, thinning). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | attenuationay enfraquecimento (abatement, decay, decline, deterioration, down-grade, enervation, extenuation, fading, failing, fainting-fit, impairment, labefaction, run-out), atenuação (assuagement, extenuation, palliation, seasoning, understatement). (various references) atenuare (abatement, dilution, extenuation, remission), subţiere, slãbire (abatement, atrophy, decay, dilution, emasculation, enervation, fading, failing, failure, labefaction, looseness, maceration, slendering, stringency, weakening), rarefiere (rarefaction), micşoare (abatement, cut). (various references) ослабление (debilitation, decrement, dilution, diminution, extenuation, labefaction, letdown, letup, relaxation, weakening). (various references) slabljenje (enervation, fading, labefaction), razređenje, razblaženje. (various references) atenuación (extenuation, understatement). (various references) korrelationsförsvagning, förtunning (dilution, rarefaction, thinner, thinning), försvagning (debilitation, dilution, emasculation, enervation, failure, impairment, weakening), förjäsningsgrad, dragning (dragging, draw, drawing, inclination, leaning, tinge, traction), densitetsminskning, dämpning (cushioning, damping, loss, padding, transmission loss). (various references) azaltma (abatement, ax, axe, curtailment, cutback, decrease, depletion, derogation, detraction, diminution, discount, lessening, retrenchment, setdown), azalma (abatement, alleviation, decline, decrease, decrement, degradation, diminution, drop, falling away, falling off, impairment, let up, letdown, reduce, reduction, remission, scale down, shortening, subsidence, wane), zayıflama (decay, emaciation, fading, reducing, slimming, tabes, wane, weakening), söndürme (extinction, extinguishing, putting out, quenching), kısma (ax, axe, pinching, reducing, shutoff), inceltme (refining, subtilization, thinning). (various references) розрідження (dilution, liquefaction, rarefaction), виснаження (attrition, cachexy, debilitation, depletion, emaciation, exhaustion, goneness, maceration), ослаблення (abatement, dйtente, debilitation, decay, decrease, depression, derogation, dilution, extenuation, impoverishment, labefaction, let down, letup, prostration), зморення, зменшення (abatement, ax, axe, cutback, cutting, decline, decrease, decrement, degression, depression, diminution, narrowing, wane), затухання (decrement, extinction, fading, waning). (various references) sự suy giảm, sự l m mảnh đi, sự l m mỏng đi. (various references) lleihad (decrease, diminution). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "attenuation": attenuations. (additional references) | |
| |
"Attenuation" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: atenuatio, atenuation, Attanasio, attanuation, attentuation, attenuatio, attenution, attinuation. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| Words rhyming with "attenuation" (pronounced 'At*ten`u*a"tion'): Abacination, Abaction, Abalienation, Abarticulation, Abbreviation, Abdication, Abduction, Aberration, Abevacuation, Abirritation, Abjection, Abjudication, Abjuration, Ablactation, Ablaqueation, Ablation, Ablegation, Abligurition, Abnegation, Abnodation, Abolition, Abomination, Abortion, Abreaction, Abrenunciation, Abreption, Abrogation, Abruption, Absentation, Absolution, Absorbition, Absorption, Abstention, Abstraction, Absumption, Accentuation, Acceptation, Acceptilation, Acception, Acclimatation, Acclimation, Acclimatization, Accombination, Accommodation, Accreditation, Accrementition, Accretion, Accubation, Accusation, Acervation. (additional references) |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-a-e-i-n-n-o-t-t-t-u" | |
-2 letters: attention. | |
-3 letters: annotate, intonate, natation, nutation, titanate. | |
-4 letters: aeonian, annatto, attaint, enation, tannate, tonneau, tontine. | |
-5 letters: anatto, anoint, attain, attent, attune, auntie, eonian, innate, intent, intone, natant, nation, notate, nutant, nutate, outate, outeat, taenia, tattie, tauten, tenant, tenuti, tenuto. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-a-e-i-n-n-o-t-t-t-u" | |
+1 letter: attenuations. | |
+3 letters: authentication. | |
+4 letters: authentications, nonquantitative. | |
+5 letters: counterattacking. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Quotations: Non-fiction 6. Usage Frequency 7. Expressions 8. Expressions: Internet | 9. Translations: Modern 10. Derivations 11. Rhymes 12. Anagrams | 13. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
