Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

ANNEALING

Definitions: ANNEALING

ANNEALING

Noun

1. The burning of metallic colors into glass, earthenware, etc.

2. The process used to render glass, iron, etc., less brittle, performed by allowing them to cool very gradually from a high heat.

Personal pronoun & verb & noun

1. Of Anneal

Source: Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)
 


Specialty Definitions: ANNEALING

DomainDefinitions

Aerospace

Application of heat energy to a material cooling at a suitable rate to: relieve stresses, change certain properties, improve machinability, etc., or for realignment of atoms in a distorted crystal lattice as caused, for example, by radiation damage. (references)

Chemical Industry

A heat treatment to eliminate internal stresses in materials such as glass and steel. Source: European Union. (references)

Electrical Engineering

The process of partially or wholly curing the defects caused by radiation in a solar cell. It involves dissociating the recombination centres, and means raising their temperatures. Almost complete annealing of the damage is secured between 350 and 400 degrees C. Source: European Union. (references)
 The process of heating a device or material in order to repair damage to the crystal lattice or activate dopant atoms. Source: European Union. (references)

Industry

The passing of a metal through a furnace. Source: European Union. (references)

Medicine

The process whereby two single-stranded polynucleotides form a double-stranded molecule, with hydrogen bonding between the complementary bases in the two strains. Hybridization can take place between complementary strands of both DNA and RNA to produce duplex DNA, duplex RNA or duplex DNA-RNA hybrid molecules. This process has made it possible to identify specific DNA sequences by hybridization of radio-labelled DNA or RNA fragment to a mixture of large DNA fragments that have been immobilized on nitrocellulose filters after transfer from electrophoretic gels. Source: European Union. (references)
 The spontaneous alignment of two single DNA strands to form a double helix. Source: European Union. (references)

Mining

A. Heating to and holding at a suitable temperature and then cooling at a suitable rate for such purposes as reducing hardness; improving machinability; facilitating cold working; producing a desired microstructure; or obtaining desired mechanical, physical, or other properties. When applied to ferrous alloys, the term "annealing", without qualification, implies full annealing. When applied to nonferrous alloys, annealing implies a heat treatment designed to soften a cold-worked structure by recrystallization or subsequent grain growth or to soften an age-hardened alloy by causing a nearly complete precipitation of the second phase in relatively coarse form b. The variation of the cooling rate at different temperatures of porcelain, glass, and other ceramic ware containing large quantities of vitreous material to prevent defects such as dunting, crazing, cracking, crystallization, etc. c. The process by which glass and certain metals are heated and then slowly cooled to make them more tenacious and less brittle. Important in connection with the manufacture of steel castings, forgings, etc d. The process of heating metal shapes to a red heat or above, prior tocleaning. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Crosswords: ANNEALING

English words defined with "ANNEALING": FascetTisar. (references)
Specialty definitions using "ANNEALING": 2. full annealingAdaptive Simulated Annealing, annealed wire rope, annealing color, annealing lehr, annealing oven, annealing tunnel, automatic forming machine operatorbad annealing, badly annealed, blue annealing, bluing-oven tender, bottle-blowing-machine tendercellular-apoptosis susceptibility protein, COILER OPERATOR, compact strip production, critical grain growthdraw-furnace tenderFLAME-ANNEALING-MACHINE SETTER, FLOOR ATTENDANT, flow floor attendant, flow machine operator, FORMING-MACHINE OPERATOR, FORMING-MACHINE TENDER, FORMING-MACHINE UPKEEP MECHANIC, furnace feeder, furnace loaderglass blower, machine formingHEAT TREATER I, heat treater, head, heat-treat puller, HEAT-TREAT SUPERVISOR, HEAT-TREATER HELPER, homogenising, homogenizinginspector-in-processlens assorter, LENS EXAMINER, lens inspector, Ligase Chain Reactionmalleablizing, metaheuristic, metastable disordered zoneoff-temperPolymerase Chain Reaction, press-and-blow-machine tenderRING STAMPER, ring strikershift supervisor, melting, simulated annealing, solid phase epitaxy, solid-state epitaxy, stead's brittleness, SUPERVISOR, COLD ROLLING, SUPERVISOR, FORMING DEPARTMENT I, supervisor, furnace, supervisor, furnace room, supervisor, hardening, supervisor, heat treating, SUPERVISOR, RECEIVING AND PROCESSINGT. Kohonen, tempering-kiln tender, turn-out worker, two steps ageing, two steps agingupkeep mechanicvitrified brickwhiteheart malleable cast ironYet Another. (references)
Etymologies containing "ANNEALING": Anneal. (references)

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Commercial Usage: ANNEALING

DomainTitle

Books

  • Annealing, Tampering, Case Hardening, Coloring Low Carbon Steel (reference)

  • Developments in the annealing of sheet steels : proceedings of an International Symposium sponsored by the TMS Ferrous Metallurgy Committee and held at the 1991 Fall Meeting in Cincinnati, Ohio, October 22-24 (reference)

  • Evolution of Point Defect Clusters During Ion Irradiation & Thermal Annealing (reference)

  • Hardware Annealing in Analog Vlsi Neurocomputing (Kluwer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science, 127) (reference)

  • Homogenization and Annealing of Aluminum and Copper Alloys (reference)

    (more book examples)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Photo Album: ANNEALING

ThumbnailDescription & Credit

Corning Glass Works, Parkersburg, West Virginia. Annealing furnaces. Credit: Library of Congress.

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

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Usage Frequency: ANNEALING

"ANNEALING" is generally used as a lexical verb (-ing form) -- approximately 59.09% of the time. "ANNEALING" is used about 44 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Lexical Verb (-ing form)59.09%2668,323
Noun (singular)25%11106,044
Adjective (general or positive)13.64%6143,867
Noun (proper)2.27%1339,140
                    Total100.00%44N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Expressions: ANNEALING

Expressions using "ANNEALING": 2. full annealing adaptive Simulated Annealing aluminum annealing annealing lehr annealing tunnel bad annealing blue annealing simulated annealing. Additional references.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: ANNEALING

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

annealing

44

annealing c++ simulated visual

4

simulated annealing

31

annealing tube

3

annealing furnace

15

annealing kiln

3

annealing oven

12

algorithm annealing simulated

3

annealing aluminum

10

steel annealing

3

annealing copper

8

annealing solution

2

annealing brass

5

bright annealing

2

annealing matlab simulated

5

annealing services

2

annealing process

5

annealing optimization simulated using

2

metal annealing

4

annealing peek process

2

annealing temperature

4

annealing artificial c++ intelligence simulated visual

2

glass annealing

4

annealing atmosphere

2

plastic annealing

4

annealing seam system

2

annealing hydrothermal

4

annealing stainless steel

2

annealing polycarbonate

4

annealing calculate primer temperature

2

wire annealing

4

annealing isothermal journal

2
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translations: ANNEALING

Language Translations for "ANNEALING"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Bulgarian 

  

каляване (inurement). (various references)

   

Chinese 

  

焖火 (Anneal, Annealed). (various references)

   

Danish

  

afkoeling (cooling), udgloedning (dropping, sagging), udglødning, temperering, spændingsudvarmning, spændingsudligning, nukleinsyrehybridisering (nucleic acids hybridization), hybridisering af nukleinsyrer (nucleic acids hybridization), glødning, bratkoeling, udgloedning eller varme- og kolddeformation formindsker praktisk taget ikke sejgringerne (or hot or cold deformation have practically no effect on segregations, quenching). (various references)

   

Dutch

  

uitgloeien (to burn), temperen (blend, harden, mingle, mix, moderate, shuffle, temper), nucleïnezuurhybridisatie (nucleic acids hybridization), koeling (chilling, cooling, refrigeration), koelen (refrigerate), harden,zacht gloeien en warm of koud vervormen hebben praktisch geen invloed op de uitscheiding (or hot or cold deformation have practically no effect on segregations, quenching), gloeien (glow, glow with heat), 2. uitgloeien. (various references)

   

Finnish

  

temperointi, nukleiinihappojen hybridisaatio (nucleic acids hybridization), lämpökäsittely (baking, cooking, heat treating, heating), jännityksenpoisto, jäähdytys (cooling, refrigeration), hehkutus. (various references)

   

French

  

annelage, une trempe, un recuit, une déformation chaud ou froid n'atténuent pas pratiquement les ségrégations, trempe, recuite, recuit, recuisson, hybridisation moléculaire, hybridation des acides nucléiques. (various references)

   

German

  

ausglühend. (various references)

   

Greek 

  

ξεπύρωμα, πλήρης ανόπτηση, υβριδοποίηση νουκλεϊκών οξέων (nucleic acids hybridization), ανόπτησις, ανόπτηση (tempering), απότομη ψύξη,επεξεργασία ανόπτησης και παραμόρφωση εν ψυχρώ ή εν θερμώ δεν έχουν κανένα πρακτικό αποτέλεσμα επί των διαφορισμών, αποσκλήρυνση με πυράκτωση. (various references)

   

Hebrew 

  

רכוך (maceration, mollifying, softening). (various references)

   

Hungarian

  

utólagos (follow up, follow-up, post-, post factum, posterior), temperálás, megeresztés (relaxation), lágyítás, izzítás (ignition), izzó (coruscating, flagrant, glowing, incandescent, smouldering, white hot), hőkezelés, feszültségmentesítés (relaxation), beégetés (poker-work). (various references)

   

Italian

  

tempra, ricottura e formatura a caldo o freddo non riducono in pratica la segregazione (or hot or cold deformation have practically no effect on segregations, quenching), rinvenimento (anneal, lifting, raising, tempering), ricottura, riassociazione, ibridazione degli acidi nucleici (nucleic acids hybridization). (various references)

   

Japanese Kanji 

  

アナログ時計 (analog clock, analogue watch, analogy, anime karaoke, karaoke accompanied by animation). (various references)

   

Japanese Katakana 

  

アニーリング . (various references)

   

Korean 

  

어닐링. (various references)

   

Manx

  

tempreil (anneal, moderate, temper), creoighey (anneal, indurate, induration, steel, steel heart, toughen, toughening). (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

annealingay

   

Portuguese

  

recozimento (baking). (various references)

   

Russian 

  

отжиг. (various references)

   

Serbo-Croatian

  

prekaljivanje. (various references)

   

Spanish

  

recocido. (various references)

   

Swedish

  

anlöpning (tempering), värmning (heating), utlöpning, nukleinsyrahybridisering (nucleic acids hybridization), kylning (chilling, chillproofing, cooling, cooling down, refrigeration, slacking), hybridisering av nukleinsyror (nucleic acids hybridization), glödgning (bringing to a red heat). (various references)

   

Ukranian 

  

відпускання, відпал, нормалізація (normalization, standardization). (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Misspellings: ANNEALING

Misspellings

"ANNEALING" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: anealing, aneling, anhealing, annalen, Annalong, annealin, anneling, nealing. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "ANNEALING"

# of Phoneme MatchesPronunciationWord(s) rhyming with "ANNEALING" (pronounced unē"ling)
5-n ē" l i ngkneeling.
4-ē" l i ngappealing, ceiling, concealing, dealing, feeling, healing, Keeling, peeling, reeling, repealing, revealing, sealing, Seeling, squealing, stealing, unappealing, unfeeling, wheeling.
3-l i ngailing, ambling, angling, appalling, assailing, assembling, babbling, backpedaling, baffling, bailing, baling, balling, bankrolling, barreling, battling, beguiling, belittling, Belling, bicycling, billing, blackmailing, boggling, boiling, Bolling, bottling, bowling, brawling, bristling, broiling, bubbling, buckling, bugling, bumbling, bundling, bungling, burgling, burling, bustling, cackling, cajoling, calling, canceling, cancelling, Carling, channeling, chilling, chortling, chronicling, chuckling, circling, coddling, commingling, compelling, compiling, consoling, controlling, cooling, corralling, counseling, countervailing, coupling, cowling, crackling, cradling, crawling, crippling, crumbling, cuddling, culling, curling, curtailing, cycling, dabbling, dangling, darling, dawdling, dazzling, decoupling, derailing, detailing, Dialing, disabling, disgruntling, dismantling, dispelling, dissembling, distilling, doling, doubling, dribbling, drilling, drizzling, drooling, duckling, dueling, dulling, dumpling, dwelling, dwindling, earthling, emailing, embezzling, empaneling, enabling, encircling, enrolling, entailing, entangling, entitling, equaling, excelling, expelling, extolling, failing, falling, felling, fiddling, filing, filling, fizzling, flailing, fledgling, foaling, foiling, fondling, fooling, forestalling, foretelling, fouling, foundling, freewheeling, fueling, fuelling, fulfilling, fumbling, funneling, galling, gambling, giggling, gobbling, grappling, Grayling, grilling, groundling, groveling, growling, grueling, grumbling, gurgling, guzzling, haggling, hailing, handling, hassling, hauling, heckling, helling, hilling, hobbling, holing, howling, huddling, humbling, hurdling, hurling, hurtling, hustling, idling, imperiling, inhaling, initialing, inkling, installing, instilling, intermingling, jailing, jiggling, jostling, juggling, killing, kindling, labeling, leveling, lolling, Lulling, mailing, mangling, Marling, marshaling, meddling, Melling, middling, milling, mingling, mishandling, mislabeling, misspelling, modeling, mothballing, mottling, muddling, mulling, mumbling, muscling, nailing, needling, nestling, nibbling, nonruling, oiling, outselling, overbilling, overhauling, overkilling, overruling, overselling, paddling, paneling, panhandling, paralleling, parboiling, parceling, paroling, patrolling, pearling, pedaling, peddling, pickling, piddling, piling, Pilling, Pindling, poling, polling, pooling, prevailing, profiling, propelling, prowling, pulling, pummeling, puzzling, quadrupling, quarreling, quelling, quibbling, quilling, Quisling, railing, rambling, rankling, rappelling, rattling, raveling, rebelling, recalling, reconciling, recycling, redoubling, refueling, regaling, rekindling, remodeling, repelling, rescheduling, reselling, resembling, reshuffling, retailing, retelling, retooling, reveling, ridiculing, Riesling, rifling, rilling, rippling, rivaling, roiling, rolling, rototilling, ruffling, ruling, rumbling, rustling, saddling, sailing, sampling, Sandling, sapling, scaling, scheduling, Schilling, schooling, scowling, scrambling, scribbling, scuttling, seedling, selling, settling, shelling, shilling, shoveling, shriveling, shuffling, shuttling, sibling, signaling, signalling, singling, sizzling, skilling, smelling, smiling, smuggling, snarling, Snelling, snowballing, sparkling, Sparling, spelling, spilling, spiraling, spiralling, spoiling, sprawling, sprinkling, squabbling, stalling, stapling, starling, startling, stenciling, sterling, stifling, stockpiling, stonewalling, storytelling, straddling, strangling, strickling, stripling, strolling, struggling, stumbling, styling, suckling, surveilling, swashbuckling, swelling, swilling, swindling, swirling, swiveling, tabling, tackling, tailing, tangling, telling, thrilling, throttling, Tilling, tingling, tinkling, toddling, toggling, toiling, tolling, tooling, toppling, totaling, totalling, toweling, trailing, trampling, traveling, travelling, trembling, trickling, trifling, trilling, tripling, trolling, troubling, tumbling, tunneling, twiddling, twinkling, twirling, unavailing, unbundling, underling, underselling, unfailing, unfurling, unraveling, unsettling, unsmiling, untangling, unveiling, unwilling, veiling, waffling, waggling, wailing, walling, warbling, weakling, welling, whaling, whirling, whistling, whittling, wholesaling, wiggling, wiling, willing, wobbling, wrangling, wrestling, wrinkling, yearling, yelling, yodeling.

Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

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Anagrams: ANNEALING

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Words within the letters "a-a-e-g-i-l-n-n-n"

-2 letters: alanine, aneling, anginal, anlagen, eanling, leaning.

-3 letters: agnail, alanin, angina, anlage, anneal, galena, genial, linage, nannie.

-4 letters: again, agile, alane, alang, algae, algin, alien, align, aline, angel, angle, anile, annal, elain, galea, glean, inane, ingle, lagan, lanai, liana, liane, liang, ligan, linen, linga.

-5 letters: agin, alae, alan, alga, anal, anga, anil, anna, egal, elan.

 Words containing the letters "a-a-e-g-i-l-n-n-n"
 

+3 letters: engarlanding.

 

+4 letters: nonmanagerial.

 

+5 letters: unavailingness.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

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Alternative Orthography: ANNEALING


Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

41 4E 4E 45 41 4C 49 4E 47

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)

=

Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)

Braille (1829, in France) (references)

Morse Code (1836) (references)

.-    -.    -.    .    .-    .-..    ..    -.    --.

Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

01000001 01001110 01001110 01000101 01000001 01001100 01001001 01001110 01000111

HTML Code (1990) (references)

&#65 &#78 &#78 &#69 &#65 &#76 &#73 &#78 &#71

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

0041 004E 004E 0045 0041 004C 0049 004E 0047

British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

354848393546434841

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INDEX

1. Definition
2. Crosswords
3. Usage: Commercial
4. Images: Photo Album
5. Usage Frequency
6. Expressions
7. Expressions: Internet
8. Translations: Modern
9. Derivations
10. Rhymes
11. Anagrams
12. Orthography
13. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

 

 

 

 

Note to the press & webmasters - this dictionary can be linked, indexed, or referred to using the following non-English expressions:
woordeboek, fjalor, ‏معجم, ‏قاموس, diccionariu, речник, diccionari, diksyonario, diksinario, 字典, gérlyver, slovník, ordbog, woordenboek, shimiyuc p'anca, orðabók, orðbók, dictionnaire, wurdboek, wörterbuch, λεξικό, אוצר מילים, szótár, uqausiit tukingit, dizionario, 字引 , じい, じびき, じて", ディクショナリー , じり", じしょ, '"かい, ディクショナリ , 사 , dizionari, recnik, fockleyr, dikshonario, słownik, dicionário, dicţionar, dicziunari, словарь, lolomi fefiloi, foclair, abardair, faclair, briathrachan, pukuntau, leksikon, rečnik, vocabbulariu, diccionario, sí-chazamagâma, ordbok, lexikon, พจนานุกรม, sözlük, ansiklopedik sözlük, словник, довідник, có tính chất sách vở, geirlyfr, geiriadur, for dictionary;
definisie, qartësi, përcaktim, saktësi, ‏الوضوحية في الشيء, ‏حد, ‏تحديد, ‏تعريف, ‏التحديد, ‏الإيضاحية, яснота, сила, очертания, дефиниция, 定義 , 定义, definice, deskriptordefinition, definitie, määritelmä, définition, ορισμός, "'"ר", "'בל", meghatározás, definíció, definizione, 確定 , ディーゼル電気車 , デ'ドロ酢酸 , デフィニション , ディフィニション , ていぎ, かくてい, 의, geyrid, meenaghey, keeayllaght, baght, definishon, definição, definiţie, determinare, definire, определение, definicija, definición, definition, açıklama, belirleme, belirtme, kesinleştirme, tanım, tarif, seçiklik, tanımlama, чіткість, тлумачення, виразність, визначення, дефініція, ясність, чітка чутність, sự định rõ, sự định nghĩa, lời định nghĩa sự định, diffiniad, darnodiad, for definition;
vertaling, transferim, transmetim, ‏ترجمة من لغة أجنبية للغة الأم, ‏ترجمة, ‏إفتتان, транслация, огъване, превод, предаване, поддаване, тълкуване, превеждане, 翻译, překlad, oversættelse, translatie, taajuusmuutos, translaatio, traduction, oersetting, Übersetzung, μετάφραση, תור'מ ות, תר'ום, "עתק", "עתק, fordítás, traduzione, 翻訳 , へい"ういどう, やくしょ, やくしゅつ, "うどく, ほ"やく, トランスレーション , やくじゅつ, ほ"やくしょ, 번역, tradukshon, tradução, translaţie, tãlmãcire, traducere, сдвиг, трансляция, перемещение, перевод, tumačenje, traducción, översättning, tercüme, процес перекладу, переклад, пояснення, переміщення, sự dịch, sự biến th nh sự giải thích, trosiad, for translation;
Bulgaars, Bulgaar, bulgr, ‏البلغارية, ‏بلغاري, Búlgaru, български, български език, българин, Bulgaryan, 保 利亚, bulharský, bulgarer, bulgarskt, bulgarialainen, Bulgaarsk, bulgare, 'ούλγαρος, bullgar, bolgár, bulgaro, 불가리아, Bulgeyragh, Bulgeyrish, Bułgar, болгарский, болгарин, bugarski jezik, bugarski, bugarka, bugarin, búlgaro, bulgar, bulgaristan ile ilgili, болгарський, người Bun-ga-ri tiếng Bun-ga-ri, for Bulgarian;
Sjinees, Chinees, kinez, ‏الصينية, ‏لغة الصين, ‏صيني, ‏الصيني أحد أبناء الصين, Chinu, китайски, Ininsik, 汉语, 中 , 漢 , 中國 , èínský, èínština, èíòan, kineser, kinesiskt, kinverskur, kiinalainen, Chinois, Sineesk, Chinesisch, Κινέζος, κινέζικα, κινέζικοσ, κινέζοσ, σινικόσ, kínai, Kínverji, Sínis, cinese, チフス菌 , チャイニーズ , 중국, Cina, Sheenish, Sheenagh, Hainamana, chines, Chińczyk, chinês, chinés, chinezesc, chinezeşte, chinezã, chinez, китайский, китаец, Saina, kineski jezik, kineski, chino, snesi, sneysi, kinesisk, çinli, çince, çin ile ilgili, çin, китаянка, китайська мова, китайський, кита"ць, for Chinese;
Deens, danisht, danishte, ‏لغة الدانمركية, ‏نوع كعك, ‏دانماركي, датски език, датски, Daniko, 丹麦语, dánský, dánština, danskur, danskt, tanskalainen, danois, Deensk, dänisch, δανικόσ, δανόσ, עו'ת שמרים, " י, dán, danska, Danmhairgis, danese, 덴마크, Danvargish, Danvargagh, danes, dinamarquês, danez, датский, danski, danski jezik, danés, dansk, danimarkalı, danimarka dili, датський, датська мова, tiếng Đan-mạch, for Danish;
Nederlands, Hollands, holandez, ‏هولندي, ‏اللغة الهولندية, холандски, немски език, холандски език, холандците, немски, Olandes, 菏蘭語 , 荷兰语, holandský, nizozemský, hollandsk, hollendskt, hollantilainen, néerlandais, Nederlânsk, holländisch, ολλανδικόσ, ολλανδόσ, holandisht, "ול "י, holland, hollenskur, Ollainnis, olandese, 네덜란", Belanda, Ollanish, Germaanish, Tatimana, nederlandsk, ulandes, hulandes, holandês, neerlandés, olandez, nemţesc, limba olandezã, german, голландский, holanđanin, u škripcu, holandski, holandés, bakratongo, holländsk, ชาวเนเธอร์แลน"์, เกี่ยวกับเนเธอร์แลน"์, รรยา, alman, eş, flemenkçe, holandaca, hollanda, karı, hollandalı, hollandalılara özgü olan, Hollandali, hollanda'ya ait, голландська мова, голландський, ngôn ngữ khó hiểu, "b xã", for Dutch;
Fins, finlandez, finlandishte, finlandisht, ‏اللغة الفنلندية, ‏فنلندية, ‏فنلندي, фински език, фински, Pinlandino, 芬蘭語 , 芬兰语, finský, finskt, suomi, suomalainen, finnois, Finlandaise, finlandais, finnisch, φινλανδικόσ, פי י, finn, finnskur, finnska, finlandese, 핀란", Fynlannish, Fynlannagh, finlandês, finês, finlandezã, финский, Finisi, finski jezik, finski, finlandés, finés, finsk, fince, finlandiya'ya özgü, фінська мова, фінський, tiếng Phần-lan, for Finnish;
Franse taal, Frans, franceze, francez, frëngjisht, frëng, frëngjishte, ‏فرنسي, ‏اللغة الفرنسية, ‏الشعب الفرنسي, gall, френски език, френски, Pranses, 法國 , 法文 , 法語 , 法语, francouzština, francouzský, franskur, franskt, ranskalainen, français, Frânsk, französisch, γάλλοσ, γαλλικόσ, γαλλική γλώσσα, γαλλίδα, צרפתי, צרפתית, francia, Fraincis, francese, フレコン化 , フランス" , 仏文 , 仏 , ふつぶ", フレンチ , フランセ , ふつ, "랑스, Perancis, Ny Frangee, Mooinjey ny Frank, frances, franses, francês, francezii, francezã, franţuzesc, franţuzeşte, французский, Falani, francuski jezik, francuski, francuzi, francés, sí-Fulentji, fransk, franska, fransızca, Fransiz, fransızca ile ilgili, fransız, fransa ile ilgili, французька мова, французький, Ffrengig, isiFulentshi, for French;
Duits, Duitser, Duitse taal, Germaan, gjerman, ‏ضرب من الرقص, ‏جرماني, ‏المانية, ‏الماني, ‏اللغة الألمانية, роден, германски, немски език, немски, немец, готически, германец, 德語 , 德语, 德文 , 德國 , nìmecký, nìmec, tysker, Duitse, týskur, týskt, týskari, saksalainen, Allemand, Dútsk, Deutsche, Deutsch, "ερμανός, gjermanisht, 'רמ י, 'רמ ית, német, þjóðverji, þýskur, GearmÚnach, GearmÚinis, tedesco, ジプシー音楽 , ジャーマン , 독일, todesch, Germaanagh, Garmane, Germaanish, Carmane, aleman, Niemiec, niemiecki, alemão, alemand, neamţ, немецкий, Siamani, germanski, alemán, Tudesku, Doysri, mjeremani, mdachi, sí-Jalimáne, tysk, เยอรมัน, าษาเยอรมัน, Alman, німкеня, німецький, німець, $sisters german$ chị em ruột, $cousin german$ anh chị em con chú bác ruột, sister, Almaenwr, isiJalimane, iliJalimane, iJalimane, for German;
Grieks, Griek, ‏الإغريقي, ‏يوناني, ‏اللغة اليونانية, Griegu, гръцки език, гръцки, грък, Griyego, 希臘語 , 希腊语, řecký, řeètina, řek, græker, grikst, kreikkalainen, grec, Gryk, Gryksk, Gryks, grieche, ελληνικόσ, 'Ελληνας, יו ית, יו י, görög, Grikki, greco, ギリシア語 , ギリシア", 그리스, Greagish, Greagagh, grego, grèc, greacã, греческий, Eleni, grk, grčki jezik, grčki, griego, grek, Yunanli, yunanlı, yunanca, yunan, Rumca, yunanistan'a ait, rum, грек, гречанка, грецька мова, грецький, kẻ cắp b gi gặp nhau, quân bạc bịp tôi không thể hiểu được điều đó thật l kỳ phùng địch thủ, người Hy-lạp tiếng Hy-lạp kẻ bịp bợm, kẻ lừa đảo, Groegwr, for Greek;
Jood, Hebreeus, Israeliet, hebraishte, ‏يهودي, ‏عبري, ‏اليهودية, ‏اللغة العبرية, ‏العبرية, Hebréu, иврит, древен жител на юдея, юдейски, израилтянин, евреин, староеврейски, староеврейски език, юдей, 西伯来, 希伯來語 , hebrejský, hebrejka, hebrejec, hebrejština, joods, Hebreeuws, hebraiskt, juutalainen, hébreu, Hebrieusk, hebräisch, hebräer, εβραϊκόσ, εβραϊκά, εβραίοσ, עברית, עברי, zsidó, héber, izraelita, Eabhrais, ebraico, ebreo, ヘブライ語 , ヘブライ", Ewagh, Ew, Ewnish, hudiu, hebraico, hebreu, ebrèu, limba ebraicã, izraelit, evreu, evreiesc, ebraic, еврейский, еврей, древнееврейский, древнееврейский язык, Eperu, hibru, hebreo, dyu, Myahudi, Yahudi, hebreiska, hebreisk, jude, ชาวฮิบรู (ปัจจุบันคือประเทศอิสราเอลและปาเลสไตน์), าษาฮิบรู (ปัจจุบันคือประเทศอิสราเอลและปาเลสไตน์), musevi, ibranice, ibrani, іудей, старо"врейська мова, старо"врейський, іврит, "врейський, "врей, người Hê-brơ, Hebraeg, Hebreaidd, for Hebrew;
Hongaars, Hongaar, hungarez, ‏الهنغاري, ‏مجري, ‏هنغاري, ‏المجري, ‏اللغة الهنغارية, Húngaru, унгарски език, унгарски, унгарец, Hungaryan, 匈牙利語 , 匈牙利语, maïarský, maïar, maïarština, ungarer, Hongaarse, ungarskt, unkarilainen, hongrois, Hongaarsk, ungar, Ούγγρος, "ו 'רי, magyar, ungherese, 헝가리, Ungaarish, Ungaaragh, Węgier, ongrés, ungureşte, ungur, limba maghiarã, unguresc, maghiar, limba ungarã, венгр, венгерский, mađarski, mađar, mađarski jezik, húngaro, ungrare, ชาวฮังการี, macarca, macar, угорська мова, угорка, угорський, угорець, người Hung-ga-ri tiếng Hung-ga-ri, for Hungarian;
Italianer, Italiaans, Italiaan, ‏شخص إيطالي, ‏اللغة الإيطالية, ‏الإيطالي, ‏إيطالي, Italianu, италиански език, италиански, италианец, Italyano, 意大利 , 意大利語 , 意大利语, italština, italský, ital, italiener, italienskt, italialainen, Italien, Italjaansk, italienisch, Ιταλός, italisht, איטלקי, איטלקית, olasz, Ítali, IodÚilis, italiano, 이탈리아, Iddaalish, Włoch, italianã, italienesc, italieneşte, italian, итальянский язык, итальянский, итальянец, Italia, italijanski, italijanski jezik, italijan, sí-Taliyáne, italienare, italiensk, italienska, เกี่ยวกับอิตาลี, ชาวอิตาลี, าษาอิตาลี, italyanca, italyan, італі"ць, італійська мова, італійський, італійка, for Italian;
korean, ‏كوري شمالي, ‏اللغة الكورية, ‏كوري جنوبي, ‏كوري, Coreanu, корейски, корейски език, Koryano, 韩国语, "國 , 朝鮮語 , korejský, korejec, korejština, Koreaans, koreanskt, coréen, Koreaansk, koreanisch, Koreaner, κορεάτησ, κορεάτικοσ, koreai, 한국, koreano, coréia, a língua coreana, coreean, limba coreeanã, кореец, корейский, Kolea, korejski jezik, korejski, koreanac, coreano, koreansk, ชาวเกาหลี, kore'li, кореянка, коре"ць, корейська мова, корейський, người Triều tiên tiếng Triều tiên, for korean;
gjuha e popullsisë së ishullit men, manský, manština, manx, mann-szigeti nyelv, Gaelgagh, Yn Ghaelg, Manninish, Manninagh, язык жителей о-ва мэн, с о-ва мэн, s ostrva mana, los habitantes de la isla de man, lengua de la isla de man, de la isla de man, från ön man, man dili, man adası, менський діалект, менський, for manx;
Portugees, portugez, portugalisht, ‏اللغة البرتغالية, ‏البرتغالية, ‏البرتغالي, португалски език, португалски, португалец, Potuges, 葡萄牙语, 葡萄牙人 , 葡萄牙語 , portugalský, portugiser, portugisiskt, portugalilainen, portugais, Portugeesk, portugiesisch, πορτογάλοσ, ορτογάλος, portugál, Portaingéilis, portoghese, ポルトガル語 , ポルトガル", 포르투갈, Portiugish, Portiugagh, portugues, Portugalczyk, português, portughez, португальский, portugalski jezik, portugalski, portugalac, portugués, Mreno, si-Putúkezi, portugis, portekiz, Portekízlí, portekizli, portekizce, португальська мова, португальський, португалець, người B"-đ o-nha tiếng B"-đ o-nha, for Portuguese;
Russies, Rus, ‏الروسية, ‏روسي, ‏اللغة الروسية, Rusu, руски, руски език, руснак, Rusyan, 俄語 , 俄语, 俄文 , ruština, ruský, russer, russur, russiskt, venäläinen, Russysk, Russe, russisch, Ρώσος, רוסי, orosz, rússneskur, Rússi, Rúisis, russo, ロシア語 , ロシア", 러시아, Rooshish, Rooshagh, russisk, Rosjanin, русский, Lusia, ruski jezik, ruski, ruso, sí-Rashîya, ryss, ชาวรัสเซีย, rusça, росіянка, росіянин, російська мова, російський, người Nga tiếng Nga, for Russian;
塞爾維亞克羅地亞語 , 塞"维亚-克罗地亚语, serbokroatisch, 세르보크로아티아, servo-croata, sârbo-croat, srpsko-hrvatski, srpsko-hrvatski jezik, serbokroatiska, serbokroatisk, เกี่ยวกับ าษาเซอร์เบียและโครเอเชีย, าษาหลักของชาวเซอร์เบียและโครเอเชีย, for Serbo-Croatian;
Spaans, Spaanse taal, spanjoll, ‏اللغة الأسبانية, ‏الأسبانية, ‏أسباني, испански език, испански, espanyoles, Espanyol, 西班牙语, 西班牙文 , 西班牙語 , španìlský, španìlština, spanskt, espanjalainen, espagnol, Spaansk, spanisch, ισπανικά, ισπανικόσ, ισπανοί, karaiñe'êmegua, ספר"ית, ספר"י, spanyol, SpÚinnis, spagnolo, スペイン語 , スパイ罪 , スペイン", スパニッシュ , 스페인, Spaainagh, Spaainish, spañó, espanhol, espanhòl, spaniolesc, spanioleşte, spaniol, испанский, Sipaniolo, španski jezik, španski, español, spanska språk, spansk, ispanyollar, ispanyolca, ispanyol, іспанська мова, іспанський, for Spanish;
Sweeds, suedez, ‏اللغة السويدية, Suecu, шведски език, шведски, швед, Swedis, 瑞典語 , 瑞典语, švédský, švédština, Zweeds, svenskt, ruotsalainen, suédois, Sweedsk, schwedisch, σουηδικόσ, σουηδικά, svéd, sænskur, Sualainnis, svedese, スウェーデン語 , スウェーデン", 스웨덴, Soolynish, Soolynagh, suèc, шведский, švedski jezik, švedski, sueco, svensk, เกี่ยวกับคน าษาและวั'นธรรมของประเทศสวีเ"น, isveççe, isveç dili, isveç, Ísveçlí, шведська мова, шведський, người Thuỵ điển tiếng Thuỵ điển, for Swedish;
乌克兰, for Ukranian;