Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definitions: Aggravation |
AggravationNoun1. An exasperated feeling of annoyance. 2. Unfriendly behavior that aggravates or irritates someone. 3. Action that makes a problem or a disease (or its symptoms) worse; "the aggravation of her condition resulted from lack of care". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "aggravation" was first used: 1481. (references) |
Etymology: Aggravation \Ag`gra*va"tion\, noun. [from Late Latin expression aggravatio: compare to the French expression aggravation.]. (Websters 1913) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Health | An increasing in seriousness or severity; an act or circumstance that intensifies, or makes worse. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Synonyms: AggravationSynonyms: exacerbation (n), exasperation (n), irritation (n), provocation (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Aggravation | Noun: aggravation, worsening, heightening; exacerbation; exasperation; overestimation; exaggeration. |
Exaggeration | False coloring; (falsehood); aggravation. |
Increase | Noun: increase, augmentation, enlargement, extension; dilatation; (expansion); increment, accretion; accession; development, growth; aggrandizement, aggravation; rise; ascent; exaggeration exacerbation; spread; (dispersion); flood tide; gain, produce, product, profit. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Aggravation |
| English words defined with "aggravation": aggro ♦ exacerbation ♦ taunt, taunting, twit. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "aggravation": emergency in war ♦ PS/2, PS2. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Aggravation" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses. French (aggravation), German (aggravation, worsening). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | It's an aggravation. (Disraeli; writing credit: Julien Josephson) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Joseph Addison | The unjustifiable severity of a parent is loaded with this aggravation, that those whom he injures are always in his sight. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | Is it reasonable, that the eldest brother, because he has the greatest part of his father's estate, should thereby have a right to take away any of his younger brothers portions? or that a rich man, who possessed a whole country, should from thence have a right to seize, when he pleased, the cottage and garden of his poor neighbour? The being rightfully possessed of great power and riches, exceedingly beyond the greatest part of the sons of Adam, is so far from being an excuse, much less a reason, for rapine and oppression, which the endamaging another without authority is, that it is a great aggravation of it: for the exceeding the bounds of authority is no more a right in a great, than in a petty officer; no more justifiable in a king than a constable; but is so much the worse in him, in that he has more trust put in him, has already a much greater share than the rest of his brethren, and is supposed, from the advantages of his education, employment, and counsellors, to be more knowing in the measures of right and wrong. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Economic History | Russia | In Russia's unsettled commercial environment, early advice on tax and legal issues will ultimately save both aggravation and money. (references) |
Brazil | Recently, however, with the aggravation of the energy crisis, biomass (particularly sugar bagasse), wind, and solar energy can be expected to offer opportunities in the medium term. (references) | |
China | By 2005, the Chinese government will try to ease the pollution situation, slow down the aggravation tendency of the ecological environment, improve environmental quality in key cities and regions, as well as amplify environmental protection policies, laws, and regulations. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Aggravation" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time. "Aggravation" is used about 137 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 100% | 137 | 27,138 |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
aggravation | 30 |
aggravation game | 12 |
aggravation card game | 7 |
aggravation board game | 6 |
aggravation card game rule | 4 |
aggravation money needless save time | 3 |
aggravation level split | 3 |
aggravation game rule | 2 |
aggravation rummy | 2 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "aggravation"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | acarim (exacerbation, fluster, irritation, snap, sourness), rrëmbim (abduction, derogation, despoilment, despoliation, grab, precipitance, precipitancy, precipitation, rape, rapine, ravishment, theft), keqësim (decline, degradation, deterioration, exacerbation, letdown). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | تفاقم (aggravate), عمل (act, action, berth, business, deed, elaborate, employment, engagement, fag, feat, function, gird on, job, labor, labour, making, occupation, place, pursuit, racket, see, situation, task, work), إثارة (agitation, excitation, excitement, instigation, irritation, provocation, splash, stir, stirring, thrilling, trepidation), ظرف (charm, circumstance, envelope, esprit, occurrence, particularity, receptacle, situation, wit, wittiness). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | раздразнение (annoyance, chagrin, exasperation, fret, gall, heat, irritation, peeve, rasp, snit, soreness, vexation, warmth), влошаване (decay, decline, depravation, deterioration, exasperation, reversal, vitiation), отежняване, нещо досадно (yawn). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 恶化 (Deteriorate, Deteriorated, Deteriorating, Deterioration, Exacerbate, Exacerbated, exacerbating, Exacerbation, Worsen, worsened, worsening). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | zhoršení (degradation, deterioration, impairment), přitìžující okolnost, nepříjemnost (annoyance, inconvenience, mishap, nuisance, trouble, unpleasantness), mrzutost (annoyance, grouchiness, sourness, trouble, unpleasantness, vexation). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | aggravatio. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | aggravatie. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | aggravation. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | verschlimmerung (worsening), Aggravation (worsening). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | επιδείνωση (deterioration, exacerbation, rebound, rebound effect, recrudescence). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | ע'מת פש (grief), "חמר" (strictness, stringency, worsening), "חרפ" (embitterment, exacerbation, worsening), "רע" (deterioration, doing harm, worsening). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | súlyosbodás (exasperation, heightening), súlyosbítás, felbosszantás (exasperation). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indonesian | penjengkelan, pemberatan (weighing down). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | aggravamento (exasperation, worsening). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 激化 (intensification). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | かじゅう (attendant, butler, excellent poem, fixtures, fruit juice, furniture, load, overweight, steward, weight, weighting), かちょう (audible, family head, good tune, patriarch, section chief, section manager, weighting), あっか (bad money, bad results, corruption, degeneration, deterioration, growing worse), 'きか (dramatization, intensification), 'っか (in the moonlight, intensification), じゅう いか. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | tromaghey (aggravate, becoming heavy, charging), mooadaghey (amplify, augment, develop, developing, enlarge, escalate, escalation, exaggerate, exaggeration, exaggerator, expand, expansion, extend, extension, gain, grow, increase, increment, magnification, magnify, maximize, mount, multiplication, multiply, swell), brasnaghey (affront, bait, incense, incite, irritate; incitement, provocation, rev, spur, to provoke). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | aggravationay agravação. (various references) agravare (aggravating, exasperation), exasperare (exasperation). (various references) ухудшение (decadence, decadency, decline, deformation, depravation, deterioration, down grade, impairment, letdown). (various references) pogoršavanje, otežavanje. (various references) agravamiento, agravación. (various references) försvårande (aggravating). (various references) kötüleştirme (aggro), kızdırma (aggro, annoyance, baiting, making angry, making hot, provocation), ciddileştirme, şiddetlendirme (exacerbation, intensification), çileden çıkarma. (various references) обтяжлива обставина, загострення (exasperation, pointing, sharpening), посилення (aggrandizement, escalation, strengthening), погіршення (decadence, deterioration, exaggeration, impairment, let down), перебільшення (embellishment, exaggeration, hyperbole, outrance, overstatement, stretching, whisker). (various references) sự l m xấu thêm điều l m trầm trọng thêm, sự l m trầm trọng thêm, sự l m nguy ngập thêm, sự l m nặng thêm, sự chọc tức (irritation, provocation), điều l m nguy ngập thêm, điều l m nặng thêm. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | aggravare. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "aggravation": aggravations. (additional references) | |
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"Aggravation" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: aggarvation, aggradation, aggragation, aggrevation, aggrivation, agradation, agravation, agrgavation, agrivation. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "aggravation" (pronounced a'gruvā"shun) |
| 7 | -r u v ā" sh u n | depravation, deprivation, derivation. |
| 6 | -u v ā" sh u n | activation, elevation, excavation, innovation, motivation, renovation. |
| 5 | -v ā" sh u n | conservation, cultivation, inactivation, observation, ovation, preservation, privation, reservation, salvation, starvation. |
| 4 | -ā" sh u n | abbreviation, abdication, aberration, abomination, abrogation, acceleration, acclimation, accommodation, accreditation, accumulation, accusation, acidification, adaptation, adjudication, administration, admiration, adoration, adulation, advocation, affectation, affiliation, affirmation, agglomeration, agitation, alienation, allegation, alleviation, allocation, alphabetization, alteration, altercation, amalgamation, amelioration, amortization, amplification, amputation, animation, annexation, annihilation, annotation, anticipation, antidiscrimination, appellation, application, appreciation, approbation, appropriation, approximation, arbitration, argumentation, articulation, aspiration, assassination, assimilation, association, augmentation, authentication, authorization, automation, aviation, avocation, balkanization, bifurcation, calculation, calibration, cancellation, cannibalization, capitalization, capitulation, carnation, castration, categorization, causation, celebration, centralization, certification, cessation, cetacean, characterization, citation, civilization, clarification, classification, coagulation, codification, cogeneration, cogitation, cohabitation, collaboration, collectivization, colonization, coloration, colorization, combination, commemoration, commendation, commercialization, communication, communization, compensation, compilation, complication, computation, computerization, concatenation, concentration, conciliation, condemnation, condensation, confabulation, confederation, configuration, confirmation, confiscation, conflagration, confrontation, conglomeration, congratulation, congregation, conjugation, connotation, consecration, consideration, consolation, consolidation, constellation, consternation, constipation, consultation, consummation, contamination, contemplation, continuation, conversation, convocation, cooperation, coordination, coronation, corporation, correlation, corroboration, creation, cremation, criminalization, crustacean, culmination, dalmatian, damnation, decaffeination, decapitation, deceleration, decentralization, decertification, declaration, decontamination, decoration, decriminalization, dedication, defamation, deflation, deforestation, deformation, degeneration, degradation, dehumanization, dehydration, deification, deinstitutionalization, delegation, deliberation, delineation, demarcation, demilitarization, demobilization, democratization, demodulation, demonization, demonstration, demoralization, denationalization, denomination, denuclearization, denunciation, depopulation, deportation, depreciation, depredation, deregulation, desalination, desalinization, desecration, desegregation, desiccation, designation, desolation, desperation, destabilization, destination, determination, detonation, detoxication, detoxification, devaluation, devastation, deviation, dictation, differentiation, dilatation, dilation, discoloration, discontinuation, discrimination, disembarkation, disinclination, disinflation, disinformation, disintegration, dislocation, disorganization, disorientation, dispensation, disputation, disqualification, dissemination, dissertation, dissipation, dissociation, distillation, diversification, divination, documentation, domestication, domination, donation, dramatization, duplication, duration, echolocation, edification, education, ejaculation, elaboration, elation, electrification, elimination, elongation, emanation, emancipation, embarkation, emigration, emulation, enumeration, equalization, equitation, equivocation, eradication, escalation, estimation, evacuation, evaluation, evaporation, evocation, exacerbation, exaggeration, examination, exasperation, excitation, exclamation, excommunication, exfoliation, exhalation, exhilaration, exhortation, exhumation, exoneration, expatriation, expectation, experimentation, expiration, explanation, explication, exploitation, exploration, expropriation, extermination, extrapolation, fabrication, facilitation, falsification, fascination, federation, fermentation, fertilization, fibrillation, figuration, filtration, fixation, flirtation, flotation, fluctuation, fluoridation, foliation, formation, formulation, fortification, foundation, fragmentation, frustration, fumigation, gasification, gastrulation, generalization, generation, gentrification, germination, gestation, glaciation, globalization, glorification, gradation, graduation, granulation, gratification, gravitation, gyration, habitation, hallucination, harmonization, hesitation, hibernation, hospitalization, humiliation, hybridization, hydration, hydrogenation, hyperinflation, identification, illumination, illustration, imagination, imitation, immigration, immunization, impersonation, implantation, implementation, implication, importation, impregnation, improvisation, imputation, inauguration, incantation, incapacitation, incarceration, incarnation, inclination, incoordination, incorporation, incrimination, incrustation, incubation, indemnification, indentation, indexation, indication, indignation, indoctrination, industrialization, infatuation, infestation, infiltration, inflammation, inflation, information, inhabitation, inhalation, initiation, inoculation, insemination, insinuation, inspiration, installation, instigation, institutionalization, instrumentation, insubordination, insulation, integration, intensification, internationalization, interpretation, interrogation, intimation, intimidation, intonation, intoxication, inundation, invalidation, investigation, invitation, invocation, ionization, irradiation, irrigation, irritation, isolation, jubilation, justification, laceration, lactation, legalization, legislation, levitation, liberalization, liberation, libration, ligation, limitation, liquidation, litigation, localization, location, lubrication, machination, magnetization, magnification, malformation, manifestation, manipulation, marginalization, masturbation, maturation, maximization, mechanization, mediation, medication, meditation, menstruation, migration, mineralization, miniaturization, ministration, misallocation, misapplication, misappropriation, miscalculation, mischaracterization, miscommunication, miscreation, misidentification, misinformation, misinterpretation, misrepresentation, mitigation, mobilization, moderation, modernization, modification, modulation, molestation, monopolization, multiplication, mummification, mutation, mutilation, narration, nation, nationalization, naturalization, navigation, negation, negotiation, neutralization, nitration, nomination, nondiscrimination, nonproliferation, normalization, notation, notification, nucleation, nullification, obfuscation, obligation, occupation, operation, optimization, oration, orchestration, ordination, organisation, organization, orientation, origination, ornamentation, oscillation, ossification, ostentation, overpopulation, overregulation, overvaluation, ovulation, oxidation, pacification, pagination, palpitation, participation, pasteurization, penetration, perforation, permutation, perpetuation, personalization, personification, perspiration, perturbation, pigmentation, plantation, polarization, politicization, pollination, pontification, popularization, population, precipitation, predestination, prefabrication, premeditation, preoccupation, preparation, presentation, pressurization, privatization, probation, proclamation, procrastination, procreation, profanation, prognostication, proliferation, pronunciation, propagation, proration, prostration, protestation, provocation, publication, punctuation, purification, qualification, quantification, quotation, radiation, radicalization, ramification, ratification, rationalization, reaffirmation, realization, reallocation, reauthorization, recalculation, recantation, recapitalization, recertification, recitation, reclamation, reclassification, recommendation, reconciliation, reconfiguration, reconfirmation, reconsideration, recreation, recrimination, rectification, recuperation, redecoration, rededication, reevaluation, reexamination, reflation, reforestation, reformation, refrigeration, refutation, regeneration, regimentation, registration, regulation, rehabilitation, rehydration, reincarnation, reincorporation, reinterpretation, reinvigoration, reiteration, rejuvenation, relation, relaxation, relocation, remediation, remuneration, renationalization, renegotiation, renomination, renunciation, reorganization, reparation, repatriation, replication, representation, repudiation, reputation, reregulation, resignation, respiration, restoration, resuscitation, retaliation, retardation, reunification, revaluation, revelation, reverberation, revitalization, revocation, rotation, rumination, sanctification, sanitation, saponification, saturation, securitization, sedation, sedimentation, segmentation, segregation, sensation, separation, sequestration, simplification, simulation, situation, socialization, solicitation, sophistication, specialization, specification, speculation, stabilization, stagflation, stagnation, standardization, station, sterilization, stimulation, stipulation, strangulation, subluxation, subordination, subsidization, substantiation, suburbanization, suffocation, summation, superstation, syndication, tabulation, taxation, telecommunication, temptation, termination, titillation, toleration, transformation, transillumination, translation, transplantation, transportation, trepidation, triangulation, tribulation, undervaluation, unification, unionization, urbanization, usurpation, utilization, vacation, vaccination, vacillation, validation, valuation, vaporization, variation, vegetation, ventilation, verification, vibration, victimization, vilification, vindication, violation, visitation, visualization, vocation, vulgarization, westernization. |
| 3 | -sh u n | abduction, abolition, abortion, absolution, absorption, abstraction, academician, accession, accretion, acquisition, action, addiction, addition, admission, admonition, adoption, advection, affection, affliction, aggression, alliteration, alternation, ambition, ammunition, antiabortion, anticorruption, apparition, apportion, apprehension, ascension, ashen, assertion, assumption, attention, attraction, attribution, attrition, auction, audition, beautician, benediction, brutalization, caption, carburetion, caution, circulation, circumspection, clinician, coalition, coercion, cognition, collection, commission, commotion, compassion, competition, completion, complexion, composition, comprehension, compression, compulsion, compunction, conception, conceptualization, concession, concoction, concussion, condescension, condition, conduction, confection, confession, conjunction, connection, conniption, conscription, constitution, constriction, construction, consumption, contention, contortion, contraception, contraction, contradiction, contraption, contribution, contrition, convection, convention, conviction, convolution, convulsion, correction, corruption, counterrevolution, crucifixion, cushion, deception, decimation, decommission, decomposition, decompression, deconstruction, deduction, defection, definition, deletion, demolition, demotion, dentition, depiction, depletion, deposition, depression, dereliction, description, desertion, destitution, destruction, detection, detention, deterioration, devolution, devotion, diction, dietitian, diffraction, digression, dilution, dimension, diminution, direction, disaffection, disconnection, discretion, discussion, disinfection, disposition, disruption, dissatisfaction, dissection, dissension, dissolution, distinction, distortion, distraction, distribution, dysfunction, edition, egyptian, ejection, election, electrician, electrocution, elocution, emission, emotion, emulsion, encryption, erection, erudition, eruption, eviction, evolution, exaction, exception, excoriation, excretion, execution, exemption, exertion, exhibition, expansion, expedition, exposition, expression, expulsion, extension, extinction, extortion, extraction, extradition, faction, fashion, fiction, fission, flexion, formalization, fraction, freshen, friction, fruition, function, gentian, geriatrician, gumption, hessian, homogenization, hypertension, hypotension, ignition, impassion, imperfection, imposition, impression, inaction, inception, incineration, indiscretion, induction, infarction, infection, inflection, infliction, infraction, inhibition, injection, injunction, inquisition, inscription, insertion, inspection, institution, instruction, insurrection, interaction, interception, intercession, interconnection, interdiction, interjection, intermission, interruption, intersection, introduction, introspection, intuition, invention, junction, jurisdiction, juxtaposition, lilliputian, liposuction, liquefaction, locomotion, logician, lotion, magician, malfunction, malnutrition, mansion, martian, mathematician, mention, midsection, misapprehension, misconception, misimpression, misperception, mission, mortician, motion, munition, musician, nonaggression, nonfiction, nonprescription, notion, nutrition, objection, obsession, obstetrician, obstruction, ocean, omission, opposition, oppression, optician, option, overconsumption, overexpansion, overproduction, overprotection, overreaction, oversimplification, partition, passion, patrician, pediatrician, pension, perception, percussion, perfection, permission, persecution, petition, physician, politician, pollution, portion, position, possession, potion, precaution, precession, preconception, precondition, prediction, predilection, predisposition, preelection, preemption, preignition, premonition, prescription, presumption, presupposition, pretension, prevention, procession, production, profession, progression, prohibition, projection, promotion, proportion, proposition, propulsion, proscription, prosecution, prostitution, protection, ration, reaction, reassertion, reception, recession, recognition, recollection, recondition, reconstruction, redefinition, redemption, redirection, redistribution, reduction, reeducation, reelection, reflection, regression, reimposition, reinspection, reintegration, reintroduction, reinvention, rejection, remission, rendition, repercussion, repetition, reposition, repossession, repression, reproduction, requisition, resolution, restitution, restriction, resumption, resurrection, retention, retraction, retransmission, retribution, revolution, revulsion, rhetorician, sanction, satisfaction, secession, secretion, section, sedition, seduction, selection, session, solution, statistician, submission, subscription, subsection, substation, substitution, subtraction, succession, suction, superstition, supposition, suppression, suspension, suspicion, syncopation, tactician, technician, tension, theoretician, titian, traction, tradition, transaction, transcription, transection, transgression, transition, transmission, tuition, venetian, volition, workstation. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-a-a-g-g-i-n-o-r-t-v" | |
-2 letters: navigator. | |
-3 letters: avigator, garoting, graviton, ravaging. | |
-4 letters: angaria, aviator, gigaton, granita, grating, graving, orating, ovarian, vagrant, variant. | |
-5 letters: angora, antiar, aroint, avatar, gating, gitano, goring, gratin, gringo, oaring, onagri, organa, origan, raging, ragtag, rating, ration, raving, roving, tagrag, taring, trigon, vagina, viator, virago, voting. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-a-a-g-g-i-n-o-r-t-v" | |
+1 letter: aggravations. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)41 67 67 72 61 76 61 74 69 6F 6E |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references).- --. --. .-. .- ...- .- - .. --- -. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01000001 01100111 01100111 01110010 01100001 01110110 01100001 01110100 01101001 01101111 01101110 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)A g g r a v a t i o n |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0041 0067 0067 0072 0061 0076 0061 0074 0069 006F 006E |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)3573738467886786758180 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Quotations: Familiar 7. Quotations: Historic 8. Quotations: Non-fiction | 9. Usage Frequency 10. Expressions: Internet 11. Translations: Modern 12. Translations: Ancient | 13. Derivations 14. Rhymes 15. Anagrams 16. Orthography | 17. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
