Acetate

Definitions: Acetate

Acetate

Noun

1. A salt or ester of acetic acid.

2. A fabric made from cellulose acetate fibers.

Date "acetate" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1870. (references)

Etymology: Acetate \Ac"e*tate\, noun. [Latin expression acetum vinegar, from acere to be sour.]. (Websters 1913)

Specialty Definitions: Acetate

Domain	Definitions
Chemistry	Cellulose acetate fibre wherein less than 92 % but at least 74 % of the hydroxyl groups are acetylated. Source: European Union. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Definition: Acetate

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Acetate can refer to a salt or ester of acetic acid.

Acetate can refer to cellulose acetate, especially fibers or other derived products.

Cellulose acetate or acetate rayon fiber (1924) is one of the earliest synthetic fibers and is based on cotton or tree pulp cellulose ("biopolymers"). These "cellulosic fibers" have passed their peak as cheap petro-based fibers (nylon and polyester) and have displaced regenerated pulp fibers.

It was invented by two Swiss brothers, Doctors Camille and Henri Dreyfus, who originally began chemical research in a shed behind their father's house in Basel, Switzerland. In 1905, Camille and Henri developed a commercial process to manufacture cellulose acetate. The Dreyfus brothers initially focused on cellulose acetate film, which was then widely used in celluloid plastics and motion picture film. By 1913, Camille and Henri's studies and experiments had produced excellent laboratory samples of continuous filament acetate yarn. In 1924, the first commercial acetate filament was spun in the United States and trademarked as Celanese.

Acetate Fiber Characteristics

cellulosic and thermoplastic
selective absorption and removal of low levels of certain organic chemicals
easily bonded with plasticizers, heat, and pressure
acetate is soluble in many common solvents (especially acetone and other organic solvents) and can be modified to be soluble in alternative solvents, including water
hydrophilic: acetate wets easily, with good liquid transport and excellent absorption; in textile applications, it provides comfort and absorbency, but also loses strength when wet
acetate fibers are hypoallergenic
high surface area
made from a renewable resource: reforested trees.
can be composted or incinerated
can be dyed, however special dyes and pigments are required since acetate does not accept dyes ordinarily used for cotton and rayon (this also allows cross-dyeing)
resistant to mold and mildew
easily weakened by strong alkaline solutions and strong oxidizing agents.
can usually be wet cleaned or dry cleaned and generally does not shrink

Major Industrial Acetate Fiber Uses

apparel: blouses, dresses, linings, wedding and party attire, home furnishings, draperies, upholstery and slip covers
high absorbency products: diapers, feminine hygiene products, cigarette filters, surgical products, and other filters

Production

The Federal Trade Commission definition for acetate fiber is "A manufactured fiber in which the fiber-forming substance is cellulose acetate. Where not less than 92 percent of the hydroxyl groups are acetylated, the term triacetate may be used as a generic description of the fiber."

Acetate is derived from cellulose by deconstructing wood pulp into a purified fluffy white cellulose. The cellulose is then reacted with acetic acid and acetic anhydride in the presence of sulfuric acid. It is then put through a controlled, partial hydrolysis to remove the sulfate and a sufficient number of acetate groups to give the product the desired properties. The anhydroglucose unit is the fundamental repeating structure of cellulose and has three hydroxyl groups which can react to form acetate esters. The most common form of cellulose acetate fiber has an acetate group on approximately two of every three hydroxyls. This cellulose diacetate is known as secondary acetate, or simply as "acetate".

After it is formed, cellulose acetate is dissolved in acetone into a viscose resin for extrusion through spinnerets (which resemble a shower head). As the filaments emerge, the solvent is evaporated in warm air via dry spinning, producing fine cellulose acetate fibers.

First U.S. Commercial Acetate Fiber Production: 1924, Celanese Corporation

Current U.S. Acetate Fiber Producers: Celanese Acetate, Eastman Chemical Company

Synonyms: Acetate

Synonyms: acetate rayon (n), ethanoate (n). (additional references)

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Crosswords: Acetate

English words defined with "acetate": acetate disk, acetate rayon ♦ cellulose acetate, cortisone, Cortone Acetate, cupric acetate ♦ Distilled verdigris, Diuretic salt ♦ ethyl acetate ♦ Fuchsine ♦ lead acetate, lead tree ♦ megestrol acetate ♦ norethindrone acetate ♦ Paris green, phonograph recording disk, polyvinyl acetate ♦ Red liquor ♦ Sal diureticus, Sal Saturni, Salt of Saturn, Spirit of Mindererus, Sub-, Subsesqui-, sugar of lead. (references)

Specialty definitions using "acetate": acetate butyrate, acetate color disperse dye, acetate dye, acetate fibre, acetate film, Acetate Kinase, acetate pulp, Acetate-CoA Ligase, acetobutyrate, ACETONE-RECOVERY WORKER, Acetylcholinesterase, Acetyl-CoA Hydrolase, Acetylesterase ♦ caspofungin acetate, cellulose diacetate, Chlormadinone Acetate, Cyproterone, Cyproterone Acetate ♦ depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate, Desoxycorticosterone, diacetate fibre, disperse dyes, DOCUMENT RESTORER ♦ Electrophoresis, Cellulose Acetate, estradiolundecylat ♦ filmcoated, Fluocortolone, Flurogestone Acetate ♦ Hemodialysis Solutions, hydrocortisone acetate ♦ JET WIPER, jockey satin ♦ lacquer-press adjuster, locus of crossing over ♦ master record, Medroxyprogesterone Acetate, Megestrol, Meglutol, Melengestrol Acetate, Methadyl Acetate, Methanosarcina, methyl acetone, Methylazoxymethanol Acetate ♦ Oxyphenisatin Acetate ♦ PATCH-MACHINE OPERATOR, pearl essence, Phenylmercuric Acetate, phorbol myristate acetate, Polyvinyl Acetate emulsion, Polyvinyl Alcohol, PRIMER-WATERPROOFING-MACHINE ADJUSTER ♦ Saturn's Tree, slipper satin, Sodium Acetate, spirit of copper, Sulfur-Reducing Bacteria ♦ TATTOO ARTIST, tattooer, tattooist, Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate, Tomassi process ♦ vinyl acetal resins ♦ window-machine operator ♦ Zinc Acetate. (references)

Non-English Usage: "Acetate" is also a word in the following language with the English translation in parentheses.

French (acetate).

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Commercial Usage: Acetate

Domain	Title
References	The World Market for Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymers in Primary Forms: A 2004 Global Trade Perspective (reference) (more reference examples)

Books	Butyl Acetate [DOWNLOAD: PDF] (reference) Cellulose acetate electrophoresis, techniques and applications (reference) Emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate (reference) Ethyl Acetate [DOWNLOAD: PDF] (reference) Ipi Storage Guide for Acetate Film Instructions (reference) (more book examples)

Periodicals	Acetic Acid Vinyl Acetate Newsletter (reference) (more periodical examples)
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Non-Fiction Usage: Acetate

Subject	Topic	Quote
Health		Concentrate using the formalin � ethyl acetate sedimentation technique. (references)
		Most cases are treated with the drugs zinc acetate, trientine, or penicillamine. (references)
		A common method of illegal methamphetamine production uses lead acetate as a reagent. (references)
Business		The major end-user industries of plastic raw materials are textile (polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester); packaging (polyethylene, polypropylene); paper and paperboard (polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol); household goods (polypropylene, urea formaldehyde/ melamine); and cable/ wire (PVC resins). (references)
Economic History	Saudi Arabia	Construction has started on the first unit of the Saudi International Petrochemical Co. (SIPC) plant, which will produce methanol, maleic anhydride, butanediol, vinyl acetate monomer and acetic acid. (references)
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Usage Frequency: Acetate

"Acetate" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 95.28% of the time. "Acetate" is used about 106 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)

Parts of Speech	Percent	Usage per 100 Million Words	Rank in English
Noun (singular)	95.28%	101	32,488
Noun (proper)	2.83%	3	202,518
Lexical Verb (infinitive)	0.94%	1	339,140
Lexical Verb (base form)	0.94%	1	339,140
Total	100.00%	106	N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Expressions: Acetate

Expressions using "acetate": acetate butyrate ♦ acetate color disperse dye ♦ acetate disk ♦ acetate dye ♦ acetate fibre ♦ acetate film ♦ Acetate Kinase ♦ acetate pulp ♦ acetate rayon ♦ aluminium acetate ♦ aluminum acetate ♦ ammonium acetate ♦ amyl acetate ♦ barium acetate ♦ calcium acetate ♦ caspofungin acetate ♦ cellulose acetate ♦ cellulose acetate rayon ♦ Chlormadinone Acetate ♦ Cortone Acetate ♦ cupric acetate ♦ cyproterone acetate ♦ ethyl acetate ♦ Flurogestone Acetate ♦ hydrocortisone acetate ♦ Hydrocortone Acetate ♦ isoamyl acetate ♦ lead acetate ♦ Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ♦ Megestrol Acetate ♦ Melengestrol Acetate ♦ Methadyl Acetate ♦ Methylazoxymethanol Acetate ♦ norethindrone acetate ♦ Oxyphenisatin Acetate ♦ Phenylmercuric Acetate ♦ phorbol myristate acetate ♦ polyvinyl acetate ♦ Potassium Acetate ♦ sodium acetate ♦ stannous acetate ♦ Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate ♦ Tocopheryl Acetate ♦ vinyl acetate ♦ Zinc Acetate. Additional references.
Hyphenated Usage
	Beginning with "acetate": Acetate-CoA, Acetate-CoA Ligase, Acetate-koh.
	Ending with "acetate": 17-Acetate, ethylenediaminetetra-acetate, Medroxyprogesterone 17-Acetate, na-acetate, penta-acetate.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Acetate

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.

Expression	Frequency per Day
trenbolone acetate	91
acetate	91
ethyl acetate	53
sodium acetate	42
cyproterone acetate	25
medroxyprogesterone acetate	24
ethylene vinyl acetate	24
glatiramer acetate	23
vinyl acetate	23
cellulose acetate	20
megestrol acetate	19
lead acetate	18
norethindrone acetate	17
acetate box wholesale	15
prednisolone acetate	15
acetate butyl	14
acetate box	14
hydrocortisone acetate	13
leuprolide acetate	13
amyl acetate	13
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translations: Acetate

Language		Translations for "acetate"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.
Arabic		‏خلات, ‏أسبتات. (various references)

Bulgarian		ацетат. (various references)

Chinese		醋酸盐. (various references)

Czech		acetát. (various references)

Danish		acetat. (various references)

Dutch		acetaat. (various references)

Esperanto		acetato. (various references)

Farsi		نمک جوهرسرکه , استات . (various references)

Finnish		asetaattikuidut. (various references)

French		acétate (acetate disk). (various references)

German		Acetat, Azetat. (various references)

Greek		οξικό άλασ, οξική κυτταρίνη. (various references)

Hebrew		אצטט. (various references)

Hungarian		acetát. (various references)

Icelandic		salt. (various references)

Indonesian		asetat, cuka kristal. (various references)

Italian		acetato. (various references)

Japanese Kanji		酢酸塩 , アセチル化 (acetylation, acetylene, acetylene torch). (various references)

Japanese Katakana		さくさ�"え�", アセテート . (various references)

Korean		아세테이트. (various references)

Manx		assetait. (various references)

Pig Latin		acetateay

Portuguese		acetato. (various references)

Romanian		acetat. (various references)

Russian		ацетатный (acetic), ацетат. (various references)

Serbo-Croatian		acetat, so sirćetne kiseline, kiseo (acetous, acid, acidulated, sour, tart). (various references)

Spanish		acetato. (various references)

Swedish		acetat. (various references)

Turkish		asetik asit tuzu, asetat. (various references)

Ukranian		ацетатний (acetic), ацетат. (various references)
Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Derivations & Misspellings: Acetate

Derivations
	Words beginning with "acetate": acetated, acetates. (additional references)
	Words ending with "acetate": ethylenediaminetetraacetate, oxalacetate, oxaloacetate, triacetate. (additional references)
	Words containing "acetate": ethylenediaminetetraacetates, oxalacetates, oxaloacetates, triacetates. (additional references)
Misspellings
	"Acetate" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Accodata, acetane, acitate, actea, Akhetaten, apertate, aspettare, Asseyake, gabexate, Hacettepe, racenate, Racette. (additional references)
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "Acetate"

# of Phoneme Matches	Pronunciation	Word(s) rhyming with "acetate" (pronounced a"sutā't)
6	a" s u t ā' t	incapacitate.
5	-s u t ā' t	necessitate, resuscitate.
4	-u t ā' t	agitate, amputate, annotate, cogitate, debilitate, decapitate, facilitate, gravitate, hesitate, imitate, irritate, levitate, meditate, militate, precipitate, premeditate, rehabilitate, vegetate.
3	-t ā' t	devastate, downstate, mutate, overstate, potentate, prostate, punctate, rotate, tristate, understate.
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

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Anagrams: Acetate

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Words within the letters "a-a-c-e-e-t-t"
	-2 letters: aceta, tacet, tecta.
	-3 letters: acta, cate, cete, tace, tact, tate, teat.
	-4 letters: ace, act, ate, att, cat, cee, eat, eta, tae, tat, tea, tee, tet.
	-5 letters: aa, ae, at, et, ta.
	Words containing the letters "a-a-c-e-e-t-t"
	+1 letter: acetated, acetates, catenate.
	+2 letters: acetylate, altercate, bracteate, catenated, catenates, tracheate.
	+3 letters: accentuate, acetylated, acetylates, altercated, altercates, attendance, deactivate, decapitate, reactivate, reattached, reattaches, reattacked, tetracaine, tracheated, triacetate.
	+4 letters: accentuated, accentuates, acetylative, aesthetical, anaesthetic, atelectases, atelectasis, attendances, castellated, concatenate, deactivated, deactivates, decapitated, decapitates, extractable, intercalate, metaethical, oxalacetate, reactivated, reactivates, retractable, secretariat, tetracaines, trabeculate, triacetates, weathercast.
	+5 letters: aesthetician, affectionate, anaesthetics, anticreative, atheoretical, authenticate, catechetical, concatenated, concatenates, deathwatches, ectoparasite, exanthematic, extrahepatic, intercalated, intercalates, metathetical, metathoraces, methacrylate, oxalacetates, oxaloacetate, rearticulate, reattachment, recapitulate, secretariats, weathercasts.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.