Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Definition: Dummy |
DummyAdjective1. Having the appearance of being real but lacking capacity to function; "a dummy corporation". Noun1. A person who does not talk. 2. An ignorant or foolish person. 3. A figure representing the human form. 4. A cartridge containing an explosive charge but no bullet. Verb1. Make a dummy of; as of books or pages to be published. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "dummy" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1615. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Transportation | A broad, flat-bottomed floating structure without sheer, rectangular in shape, resembling a barge. Source: European Union. (references) |
Aerospace | 1. In computer operations, an artificial and intrinsically useless unit of information inserted solely to fulfill certain prescribed conditions such as word length or block length.2. In rocketry, an inert stage, i.e., no propellant. (references) |
Computing | An artificial address, instruction, or record of information inserted solely to fulfil prescribed conditions, such as to achieve a fixed word length or block length, but without itself affecting machine operations except to permit the machine to perform desired operations. Source: European Union. (references) |
| Pertaining to the characteristic of having the appearance of a specified thing but not having the capacity to function as such; for example, a dummy character, dummy plug, or a dummy statement. Source: European Union. (references) | |
General | Preliminary mock-up for a publication, made up in correct size and number of pages, showing the position of the various text elements and illustrations. Source: European Union. (references) |
Industry | A rubber teat for babies to suck or bite on. Source: European Union. (references) |
Law | A term used for a person who serves in place of another, or who serves temporarily until the proper person is named or is available to take over. Source: European Union. (references) |
Literature | Dummy In three-handed whist the exposed hand is called dummy. Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Mining | A. A short piece of core or core-size cylinder of rubber or other material placed in the core lifter in an empty core barrel to guide the first part of a newly cut core into the core lifter. Syn:guide core b. A cathode, usually corrugated to give variable current densities, which is plated at low current densities to remove preferentially impurities from a plating solution c. A substitute cathode that is used during adjustment of operatingconditions. (references) |
Slang | Description of task. Source: Ted . Definition: To fill holes on the shelf by making a display or shelf item look full. Context: Using a sort of deciet, it is easy to make a display or a shelf item look full by pulling a few things to the front, thus giving it the impression that there are many items there. Social Source: 29th and Willamette Price Chopper employees. . Source: Compiled by The University of Oregon. (additional references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Now considered to be something of a classic, and regarded by many critics as one of the most influential albums of the 90s, Dummy is arguably darker in tone than much of the music it later inspired.
In addition to the already released "Numb", the album spawned two further singles: "Sour Times" and "Glory Box".
Track Listing
Some versions of the CD have an extra track, entiled "It's a Fire", between "Wandering Star" and "Numb".
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Dummy."
Synonyms: DummySynonyms: blank (n), blank shell (n), boob (n), booby (n), dope (n), dumbbell (n), pinhead (n), silent person (n), dummy up (v). (additional references) |
| Synonym by domain: flattest (european union, transportation). |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Amusement | Bower; right bower, left bower; dummy; jackpot; deck. |
Aphony | Noun: aphony, aphonia; dumbness; Adjective: obmutescence; absence of voice, want of voice; dysphony; cacoepy; silence; (taciturnity); raucity; harsh voice; , unmusical voice; ; falsetto, "childish treble mute"; dummy. |
Impotence | Telum imbelle, brutum fulmen, blank, blank cartridge, flash in the pan, vox et proeterea nihil, dead letter, bit of waste paper, dummy; paper tiger; Quaker gun. |
Inactivity | Idler, drone, droil, dawdle, mopus; do-little faineant, dummy, sleeping partner; afternoon farmer; truant; (runaway) : bummer, loafer, goldbrick, goldbicker, lounger, lazzarone; lubber, lubbard; slow coach; (slow.); opium eater, lotus eater; slug; lag, sluggard, slugabed; slumberer, dormouse, marmot; waiter on Providence, fruges consumere natus. |
Substitution | Subs ersatz, makeshift, temporary expedient, replacement, succedaneum; shift, pis aller, stopgap, jury rigging, jury mast, locum tenens, warming pan, dummy, scapegoat; double; changeling; quid pro quo, alternative. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Well, if you want to dummy it down like that, sure (Veritas: The Quest; writing credit: Brad Falchuk) For a dummy, you make a lot of sense (Sanford and Son; writing credit: Earl Barret; Ted Bergman) You are the dummy, dummy (Head; writing credit: Jack Nicholson; Bob Rafelson) Oh come on, it's just a dummy grenade (Major Payne; writing credit: Joe Connelly; Bob Mosher) Dummy up (All in the Family; writing credit: Johnny Speight; Norman Lear) | |
Lyrics | Trickin for twenties young dummy and quick wit her lip (Get Away; performing artist: Jade) | |
Movie/TV Titles | The Dummy (1970) Dummy Owner (1938) Don't Be a Dummy (1932) The Dummy (1929) Don't Be a Dummy (1926) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
| ||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
Consumer Goods | |||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
![]() | Papier-mâché dummy used to teach dental hygiene. / [WHO photo]. Credit: National Library of Medicine. | ![]() | Line engraving after a sketch by Theodore R. Davis, published in "Harper's Weekly", 1863, depicting the 25 February 1863 operation in which a dummy ironclad (left) was floated down the Mississippi River by the U.S. Navy, causing the Confederates to destroy the captured ironclad USS Indianola. CSS Queen of the West is depicted at the right. Credit: NAVY. |
![]() | Dummy Taylor. Credit: Library of Congress. | ![]() | Dummy Hoy. Credit: Library of Congress. |
![]() | The dummy at work. Credit: Library of Congress. | ![]() | Dummy in yard of antique shop, near Concord, New Hampshire. Credit: Library of Congress. |
![]() | Chair and dummy, near Concord, New Hampshire. Credit: Library of Congress. | ||
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | In this hearse there was a coffin covered with a white cloth, upon which was displayed a large black cross like a great dummy with hanging arms |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Dummy" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 52.48% of the time. "Dummy" is used about 282 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 52.48% | 148 | 25,903 |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 46.81% | 132 | 27,743 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.71% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 282 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "dummy": ahead dummy ♦ anthropomorphic dummy ♦ baby's dummy ♦ be like a stuffed dummy ♦ crash test dummy ♦ display dummy ♦ dressmaker's dummy ♦ dummy aerial ♦ dummy antenna ♦ dummy argument ♦ dummy bar head ♦ dummy bullet ♦ dummy burst ♦ Dummy car ♦ dummy cartridge ♦ dummy corporation ♦ dummy firm ♦ dummy head ♦ dummy message ♦ dummy minefield ♦ dummy missile ♦ dummy parameter ♦ dummy run ♦ dummy teat ♦ dummy up ♦ dummy whist ♦ tailor's dummy ♦ To play dummy ♦ ventriloquist's dummy. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "dummy": dummy-chewing, dummy-proof, dummy-run. | |
Ending with "dummy": test-dummy. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "dummy"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | lojë me letra të hapura, bedel, biberon (nipple, pacifier), eksponat vitrine, fals (affected, bogus, false, off-key, out of whole cloth, painted, plastic, snide, spurious, untrue), fintë, i imituar (forged, pinchbeck), i trashë (bearish, clumsy, coarse, coarse grained, crass, deep, dense, dullish, dumb, fat, fatuous, fool, full-bodied, full-fed, gross, gruff, lardy, oafish, obese, obtuse, puddingy, purblind, ropy, rough and ready, round, roundabout, slapstick, slow witted, slowcoach, stupid, tactless, thick, uncouth, viscous, wooden, wooden-headed), artikull kallp, kapëz (pacifier), vegël (applicator, cat's paw, doohickey, engine, gadget, implement, instrument, Jigger, tool, utensil, utility), maket (decoy, draft, draught, model, synopsis), maket libri, maket reviste, manekin (manikin, mannequin, model, paris doll), mashë (cat's paw, fire-iron, poker, tongs), teveqel (dolt, dull, fool, foolish, imbecile, innocent, noodle, simpleton, zany, zombie), thithë (teat), imitacion (mimesis, mimicry, pinchbeck, sham). (various references) | |
Arabic | كاذب (bogus, deceptive, delusive, fake, false, fictitious, flash, lying, phony, pseudo, sham, simulate, snide, spurious, unreal, untrue, untruthful), وهمي (airy, airy fairy, astral, chimerical, delusive, delusory, fallacious, fanciful, fantastic, made up, mirage, mythical, notional, paper, phantom, putative, quixotic, romantic, subjective, unreal, unsubstantial, utopian, visionary), تمثال (bust, effigy, image, memorial, monument, statue, tombstone), زائف (adulterate, artificial, bad, base, bastard, bogus, fake, false, fictitious, fictive, floating, hypocritical, imitation, imitative, mock, postiche, pretended, pseudo, queer, sham, shoddy, simulate, spurious, unreal), طاولة بريدج, النموذج الطباعي, الغبي (cloddish, duffer, dunce, dunderhead, jackass, moron), الصموت, دمية (doll, dolly, plaything, puppet, shot, tinpot, toy). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | учебен (scholastic), чучело (guy), фалшив (bastard, bogus, brummagem, counterfeit, factitious, fake, false, fictitious, hollow, imitative, insincere, mock, phoney, phony, pinchbeck, queer, sharp, snide, spurious, supposititious, tinsel), фиктивен (feigned, fictive, nominal, paper, phoney), глупак (bird brained, blinker, boeotian, bonehead, boob, booby, calf, chuckle-head, clod, clot, coot, dodo, dotterel, driveler, fathead, flat, fool, gaby, gawk, goof, goon, gowk, greenhorn, gull, hammerhead, jackass, jobbernowl, lack-brain, lame brain, leather-head, lunkhead, muggins, mutt, mutton head, ninny, nitwit, noddy, noodle, numskull, nutter, oaf, pudding-head, pumpkin-head, sap, sap-head, schmo, schnook, sheep's head, silly, simp, simple, simpleton, spoon, stupe, stupid, thickhead, tomfool, twit, witling, wittol, zany, zombie), ням човек (mute), неистински, мълчаливец, мор (pest, pestilence, plague), марионетка (marionette), макет (layout, mock up, model), манекен (lay figure, layman-figure, manikin, mannequin, model), биберон (feeder, feeding bottle, pacifier), подставено лице (plant, stooge), подставен (false). (various references) | |
Chinese | 假 (FALSE, spurious). (various references) | |
Czech | dudlík (comforter, pacifier, teat), panák (dram, puppy, quickie, short, snorter, stooge, tot), nepravý (artificial, faked, forged, mock, pinchbeck, pseudo, spurious, wrong), maketa (scale model), figura (figure, posture), atrapa. (various references) | |
Danish | dummy (mock-up), dukke (anthropomorphic test device, bobbin, doll, dolly, skein), tændpatron (primer, primer cartridge, receptor, stemming cartridge), sut (baby-bottle mouth piece, comforter, nipple, pacifier, teat, teat nipple), støvsuger (baby's comforter, comforter, pacifier, vacuum cleaner, vacuum-cleaner), pseudo, prøvebog, præfabrikeret forladning (stemming cartridge), ponton (barge, flat, float, float body, pontoon, raft), mekanisk formholder (mechanical boy), kunstig (artificial), forsoegs dukke (anthropomorphic test device), fantom, bogattrap. (various references) | |
Dutch | dummy (mock-up), dekbrug, zuigglas (baby's comforter, comforter, pacifier, vacuum-cleaner), zolderschuit (barge), vormapparaat bij het mondblazen (mechanical boy), testpop (anthropomorphic test device), stofzuiger (baby's comforter, comforter, pacifier, vacuum cleaner, vacuum-cleaner), speen (baby's comforter, comforter, nipple, pacifier, vacuum-cleaner), ponton (barge, flat, float, float body, pontoon, raft), platte bak (barge, flat, pontoon), fopspeen (baby's comforter, comforter, pacifier, vacuum-cleaner), cilindrische koker (stemming cartridge), blanco ingenaaid deel. (various references) | |
Esperanto | suĉilo (baby's comforter, comforter, pacifier, vacuum-cleaner). (various references) | |
Farsi | مصنوعی (False, Postiche, Sophisticated), مانکن (Manikin, Mannequin), ادمک (Caricature, Manikin, Robot), ادم ساختگی , شخص لال وگیج وگنگ , بطورمصنوعی ساختن . (various references) | |
Finnish | vale-, testinukke (anthropomorphic test device), tekonaaras, mekaaninen muottipoika (mechanical boy), mallinukke (lay figure), koenukke (anthropomorphic test device), fantomi (phantom), bulvaani (straw man). (various references) | |
French | sucette, maquette, mannequin, factice. (various references) | |
German | Schnuller (comforter, nipple, pacifier, teat), Schein- (make believe, mock, phoney, phony, pseudo, sham, specious), Phantom (ghost, manikin, phantom), attrappe (sham). (various references) | |
Greek | πιπίλα (comforter, pacifier), ανδρείκελο (marionette, puppet, stooge). (various references) | |
Hebrew | מוצ' (exhibit, representation), מזויף (bastard, bogus, counterfeit, fake, false, forged, made up, meretricious, mock, postiche, snide, specious, spurious), מ"ומ" (false, feigned, imaginary, mock), שקט (calmness, hush, peaceful, quiescent, quiet, quietude, secluded, silence, silent, still, stillness, tranquil), אלם (dumb, dumbness, hush, mute, muteness, silence, silent, voiceless), "מ", 'ולם (awkward person, boor, clod, embryo, ignoramus, larva, lubber, lummox, lunkhead, oaf, pupa, robot), בוב" (doll, figurehead, moppet, poppet, puppet, stooge). (various references) | |
Hungarian | makett (mock up, mock-up), fajankó (boob, booby, bumpkin, cad, duffer, dunce, goof, goofy, goose, hawbuck, hick, juggins, lob, loon, lout, lummox, lunkhead, numb-skull, numskull, oaf, pumpkin-head, simple sammy), báb (chrysalis, cocoon, marionett, marionette, obtect pupa, pupa, puppet, tool), utánzat (artificial, counterfeit, echo, fake, imitation, parody, pasticci, pasticcio, pastiche, sham), stróman (stooge, strawman), statiszta (figurant, mute, procession man, super, supernumerary), próbabábu (mannequin), némajátékos (mimic, mummer), cumi (comforter, nipple, pacifier, teat). (various references) | |
Italian | menabò (model), fittizio (factitious, fictitious, fictive). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | ダフ屋 (double, double-breasted, double-count, dowel, dumb, French cuffs, scalper, to coincide, to have two of something, to repeat a school year after failing), 模型 (maquette, model), 模型 (maquette, model), 吹替え (dubbing, stand-in), 吹き替え (dubbing, stand-in), 傀儡 (puppet). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ダミー , くぐつ (puppet), ふきかえ (dubbing, stand-in), かいらい (frontal thunderstorm, puppet), もけい (maquette, model). (various references) | |
Korean | 거" (Dummies). (various references) | |
Manx | foalsey (affected, bogus, counterfeit, dud, ersatz, fallacious, false, feigned, forged, hollow, hollow of victory, hypocritical, perfidious, pinchbeck, sham, spurious, substitute, suppositious, tinsel, treacherous, two-faced, wrong, wrong as note), diddee (teat of bottle), corp foalsey, bullad kyagh, breagag. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ummyday.(various references) | |
Portuguese | boneco (manikin, puppet, toy). (various references) | |
Romanian | unealtã (cat's paw, creature, furniture, implement, instrument, minister, pawn, puppet, tackle, thing, tool, utensil), tont (addle-brained, blockhead, brain-hampered, chump, dim, dull-witted, dunderhead, goofy, nitwit, noodle, oaf, oafish, sap, thick-headed), om de paie (a man of straw, puppet, straw man, yes man), nãtâng (blockhead, clumsy, dead from the neck, Dotty, driveller, duffer, dunce, fat-head, feather-brained, foolish, noddy, silly, tomfool, wet, zombie), mort (breathless, cold, dead, dead and gone, dead beat, deceased, defunct, exanimate, extinct, gone, in the dust, lifeless), momâie (fright, guy, scarecrow), marionetã (marionette, pawn, Pensionary, puppet, tool), manechin (manikin, mannequin, model), mameluc (mameluke), machetã (make up, mock up), figurant (cipher, extra, mute, super, supernumerary), fictiv (assumed, bogus, fictional, fictitious, fictitiously, fictive, sham, unreal), fals (apparent, artificial, bad, base, bogus, cant, colourable, counterfeit, deceitful, double dealing, dud, erroneous, erroneously, error, factitious, fake, false, falsehood, feigned, flash, forged, forgery, fraud, glossy, hollow, hollow-hearted, imitation, imposture, insincere, lying, mendacious, mistaken, mock, painted, phony, plugged, reprobate, sham, spurious, sugary, tinsel, treacherous, trumpery, truthless, two faced, unnatural, unnaturally, untrue, wrong, wrongfully). (various references) | |
Russian | учебный (instructional, practice, scholastic, sparring), холостой (single, unmarried, unwed, vacant, wifeless), временный (impermanent, interim, make-do, makeshift, provisional, service, temporal, temporary, time division), макет (decoy, layout, mockup, mock-up, model), манекен ложный, манекен (lay figure, layman-figure, manikin, mannequin, model, Paris doll, tailor's block), заглушка (cap), болван (beetle-head, berk, blockhead, blunderhead, boob, booby, chuckle-head, chump, chunk, dolt, doodle, dope, dumbbell, dumbo, dumbo the flying elephant, dunce, dunderhead, fat-head, fool, goon, hardhead, jackass, jobbernowl, jolterhead, leather-head, loggerhead, loghead, log-head, lubber-head, lump, lunkhead, mutt, mutton head, mutton-head, nerd, numskull, pudding-head), поддельный (bogus, counterfeit, dud, factitious, forged, imitative, mock, phoney, pinchbeck, pretended, queer, shoddy, spurious, supposititious, tin, unreal). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | maketa (layout, mock up, model), lutka (doll, maggot, mannequin, pupa, puppet), lažan (apocryphal, assumed, counterfeit, factitious, fake, faked, false, feigned, lying, mock, phoney, phony, pseudo, reprobate, sham, spurious, supposititious, untruthful), školski (academic, practice, school). (various references) | |
Spanish | maniquí (manikin, mannequin, mannikin, poser), ficticio (assumed, bogus, fictional, fictitious, made up, sham, untrue), chupete (lollipop, pacifier). (various references) | |
Swedish | träkarl, dummy, bulvan (decoy), attrapp. (various references) | |
Thai | หุ่นจำลอง, คนโง่ (apeth, berk, birdbrain, bozo, chucklehead, chump, clod, clodpole, div, doughnut, dove, dunce, featherbrain, fool, half-wit, ignoramus, loon, muddlehead, mug, muggins, muppet, mut, nerd, nincompoop, nit, noddy, oaf, schlepp, silly, simp, simple, simpleton, thicko). (various references) | |
Turkish | yapma (accomplishment, acquittal, artificial, construction, cut it out, drop it, execution, exercise, fulfillment, fulfilment, go on, imitated, implement, making, perpetration, postiche, pursuance, sham, spurious, stop it), yalancı meme, trafik ışıkları (traffic lights), taklit şey, sahte (apocryphal, artificial, bad, base, bastard, bogus, colorable, counterfeit, double dealing, dud, Duff, factitious, fake, false, feigned, forged, fraudulent, hollow, imitated, make believe, mannered, mock, phoney, phony, pinchbeck, pious, pretended, pseudo-, put on, quack, queer, rose water, sham, shoddy, simulated, snide, spurious, studied, supposititious, telltale, token, unreal, untrue, untruthful), manken (manikin, mannequin, model), kukla (doll, Dolly, dupe, figurehead, marionette, poppet, puppet, putty), hayali oyuncu, aptal (bird brained, birdbrain, booby, cretin, cuckoo, daft, Dotty, drag, dumb, dumb bell, dunce, fathead, fat-head, fat-headed, fatuous, feeble minded, fool, foolish, gaga, goofy, gormless, half wit, half-witted, harebrained, idiot, idiotic, inane, innocent, lummox, oafish, silly, simp, softhead, softy, stupid, thickheaded, tomfool, twerp, twit). (various references) | |
Turkmen | emzik (doll). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | холостий (idle, wifeless), штучна річ, німий (dumb, mute, speechless, voiceless, walking, whist, wordless), макет (model), манекен (layman, manikin, mannequin, mannikin), підставний, підроблений (adulterate, adulterated, bastard, bogus, brummagem, counterfeit, falsified, imitative, mock, sham, simulated, snide, spurious, staged, supposititious). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | số b i của chân phải hạ b i, người rơm (straw man), người nộm, người bung xung, giả (counterfeit, make-believe, mock, pinchbeck, sham, spurious), gáy sách giả. (various references) | |
Welsh | pegor (dwarf, imp, manikin). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "dummy": dummying. (additional references) | |
| |
"Dummy" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: ddmmyy, Demmy, dimmi, Domby, Dpmi, Drummie, Duhm, dum, duma, Dumay, Dumby, dumgy, Dumky, dumm, dummi, dummie, dummm, dummys, dumn, dumy, Dumycz, dunnie, dunvy, Lummy, pummy, summy, Umy. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "dummy" (pronounced du"mē) |
| 3 | -u" m ē | chummy, crummy, gummy, mummy, rummy, tummy, yummy. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "d-m-m-u-y" | |
-2 letters: mud, mum, umm, yum. | |
-3 letters: mm, mu, my, um. | |
| Words containing the letters "d-m-m-u-y" | |
+3 letters: didymium, dummying. | |
+4 letters: cymbidium, didymiums, neodymium, sympodium. | |
+5 letters: cymbidiums, molybdenum, myocardium, neodymiums. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Quotations: Fiction | 9. Usage Frequency 10. Expressions 11. Expressions: Internet 12. Translations: Modern | 13. Derivations 14. Rhymes 15. Anagrams 16. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.