Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Definition: Constitute |
ConstituteVerb1. Form or compose; "This money is my only income"; "The stone wall was the backdrop for the performance"; "These constitute my entire belonging"; "The children made up the chorus"; "This sum represents my entire income for a year"; "These few men comprise his entire army". 2. Charge with a task or function; "appoint someone president"; "nominate a committee". 3. To compose or represent:"This wall forms the background of the stage setting"; "The branches made a roof"; "This makes a fine introduction". 4. Set up or lay the groundwork for; "establish a new department". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "constitute" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1380. (references) |
Note: Constitute \Con"sti*tute\, transitive verb. [imperfect & past participle. Constituted; Constituting.]. (references) |
Synonyms: ConstituteSynonyms: appoint (v), be (v), comprise (v), establish (v), form (v), found (v), institute (v), make (v), make up (v), name (v), nominate (v), plant (v), represent (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Component | Form, make,form, make, constitute, compose. |
Composition | Compose, form, make; make up, fill up, build up; enter into the composition of; (be a component). |
Production | Verb: produce, perform, operate, do, make, gar, form, construct, fabricate, frame, contrive, manufacture; weave, forge, coin, carve, chisel; build, raise, edify, rear, erect, put together, set up, run up; establish, compose, organize, institute; achieve, accomplish; (complete). |
Whole | Verb: form a whole, integrate, embody, amass; aggregate; (assemble); amount to, come to. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Clever | Bad planning on your part does not necessarily constitute an automatic emergency on my part. (references; author: unknown) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
Astronomers have ruled out the possibility that red dwarf stars constitute the invisible ... Credit: NASA. | ![]() | Minnows that constitute the forage base for larger predators. Credit: America's Coastlines. | |
![]() | Junk and refuse constitute a hazard on the farm of Theodore German. North Branford Connecticut. Credit: Library of Congress. | ||
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
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| "Park D. Carlos I" by Luis Alves Commentary: "The city park pavilions, currently ocuppied with some institutions, were projected by architect Rodrigo Berquó with intention to serve a new thermal hospital. The death of Berquó and the end of the monarchy in Portugal had not allowed the conclusion of" |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. |
| Author | Quotation |
Benjamin Disraeli | Difficulties constitute the best education in this life. |
Epictetus | The two powers which in my opinion constitute a wise man are those of bearing and forbearing. |
Junius | One precedent creates another and they soon accumulate and constitute law. What yesterday was a fact, today is doctrine. |
Thomas Jefferson | Merchants have no country. The mere spot they stand on does not constitute so strong an attachment as that from which they draw their gains. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | When any one, or more, shall take upon them to make laws, whom the people have not appointed so to do, they make laws without authority, which the people are not therefore bound to obey; by which means they come again to be out of subjection, and may constitute to themselves a new legislative, as they think best, being in full liberty to resist the force of those, who without authority would impose any thing upon them. (Second Treatise of Government) |
US Constitution | 1791 | Clause 1: Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do Business; but a smaller Number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the Attendance of absent Members, in such Manner, and under such Penalties as each House may provide. (reference) |
Marbury v. Madison | 1803 | If an act of the legislature, repugnant to the constitution, is void, does it, notwithstanding its invalidity, bind the courts, and oblige them to give it effect? Or, in other words, though it be not law, does it constitute a rule as operative as if it was a law? (reference) |
Communist Manifesto | 1848 | Since the proletariat must first of all acquire political supremacy, must rise to be the leading class of the nation, must constitute itself the nation, it is, so far, itself national, though not in the bourgeois sense of the word. (reference) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | Nevertheless, as a provisional measure, only representatives of Great Britain, France, Italy and Roumania shall constitute this Commission. (reference) |
Winston S. Churchill | 1946 | Except in the British Commonwealth and in the United States where Communism is in its infancy, the Communist parties or fifth columns constitute a growing challenge and peril to Christian civilization. ("Iron Curtain" Speech) |
United Nations | 1948 | No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the time when it was committed. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | These obscure and undying roots did not constitute the right of a family, but the history of a people |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | They constitute a measurable risk about which all women should be informed. (references) | |
These links do not constitute an endorsement of these organizations or their programs by FDA or the federal government. (references) | ||
Each virus is associated with either one species or a few closely related rodents, which constitute the virus’ natural reservoir. (references) | ||
Business | Tractor sales constitute the bulk (60%) of the total agricultural equipment market. (references) | |
Media expenditures constitute the bulk of the total advertisement industry in Germany. (references) | ||
Aluminum and vinyl siding and roofing shingles constitute "best prospects" for imports. (references) | ||
Children | Gambia | Girls constitute approximately 40 percent of primary school students and roughly one-third of high school students. (references) |
Spain | In 1994 the Constitutional Court held that sterilization of the mentally infirm does not constitute a violation of the Constitution. (references) | |
South Africa | In August the Public Service Commission reported to a parliamentary committee that persons with disabilities constitute only 0.02 percent of the public service workforce. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | Syria | There is no official state religion; Sunni Muslims constitute the majority of the population. (references) |
Iran | Baha'i, Christian, Zoroastrian, and Jewish communities constitute less than 1 percent of the population. (references) | |
Yugoslavia | The continuing lack of clear guidelines is perceived by some observers to constitute an inhibition on free expression. (references) | |
Economic History | Comoros | Foodstuffs constitute 32% of total imports. (references) |
Gambia, The | Muslims constitute more than 92% of the population. (references) | |
Israel | Israel and the PA constitute a single customs entity. (references) | |
Human Rights | Hong Kong | Some violations of the PDPO constitute criminal offenses. (references) |
Belize | Noncitizens constitute approximately 15 to 20 percent of the prison population. (references) | |
Bhutan | Village headmen, who have the power to arbitrate disputes, constitute the bottom rung of the judicial system. (references) | |
Indigenous People | New Zealand | Maori inmates constitute more than half the prison population. (references) |
Guatemala | For this reason, indigenous men constitute a very high percentage of the military's ranks. (references) | |
Canada | In the country's three territories, aboriginals constitute 20 percent of Yukon, 62 percent of Northwest Territories, and 84 percent of Nunavut. (references) | |
Minorities | Libya | Foreigners constitute a significant part of the workforce. (references) |
Singapore | Ethnic Malays constitute approximately 15 percent of the total population. (references) | |
Cambodia | Citizens of Chinese and Vietnamese ethnicity constitute the largest ethnic minorities. (references) | |
Political Economy | Nigeria | The Igbos constitute a large percentage of the trading and merchant class in these cities. (references) |
Mongolia | Garment manufacture and minerals, especially copper, constitute the bulk of export earnings. (references) | |
COLOMBIA | Colombia's special import-export system for machinery and its free trade zones constitute export subsidies. (references) | |
Political Rights | Monaco | Together the four constitute the Government. (references) |
Albania | Ethnic Greeks constitute the largest minority group. (references) | |
China | Women constitute 21.83 percent of the National People's Congress. (references) | |
Trade | Greece | Banks constitute the main source of financing. (references) |
Taiwan | Bank-to-bank Letters of Credit (L/C) constitute Taiwan's most important import-payment process. (references) | |
Canada | Services exports constitute the fastest growing component of the US-Canada bilateral trade relationship. (references) | |
Travel | Liberia | The presence of many ill-trained and armed government security personnel continues to constitute a potential danger. (references) |
Uk | Ethnic minorities constitute about six percent of the population and have proven to be valuable contributors to the British economy. (references) | |
Argentina | Almost all business in Argentina is transacted in Spanish and all documents and records must be in Spanish to constitute valid evidence. (references) | |
Women | United Arab Emirates | Women also constitute 4 percent of the military. (references) |
United Arab Emirates | Citizen and noncitizen women constitute 15 percent of the national workforce. (references) | |
Qatar | Females constitute approximately two-thirds of the student body at Qatar University. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Failure to do so would constitute a breach, which might cover a worker who refuses to work under these conditions. (references) |
Guatemala | Clarification of these crimes would establish which of these crimes constitute violation of the right of association. (references) | |
Oman | Foreign workers constitute at least 50 percent of the work force and as much as 80 percent of the private sector work force. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Andrew Jackson | 1829-1837 | In reducing the revenue to the wants of the Government your particular attention is invited to those articles which constitute the necessaries of life. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Constitute" is generally used as a lexical verb (base form) -- approximately 51.66% of the time. "Constitute" is used about 1,624 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Lexical Verb (base form) | 51.66% | 839 | 8,377 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 48.34% | 785 | 8,814 |
| Total | 100.00% | 1,624 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "constitute": constitute a threat ♦ constitute oneself. Additional references. | |
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "constitute": re-constitute. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day |
constitute | 9 |
constitute does not request reservation reservation | 7 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Language | Translations for "constitute"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | caktoj (allocate, allot, appoint, appropriate, arrange, assign, award, call, designate, detail, fix, instal, install, instate, intend, lay on, make, mete, name, nominate, order, put, qualify, set, tell off, zone), zgjedh (choose, cull, disentangle, draft, draught, elect, embrace, opt, pick, pick out, select, single out, solve, take), themeloj (establish, float, found, institute, lay the foundations of, open, plant, repose, set up), strukturoj, përbëj (amount, compose, comprise, form, make up), montoj (assemble, erect, hook up, Mount, put together), formoj (construct, create, form, found, make, make up, Mold, mould, organize, shape). (various references) | |
Arabic | نصب (install, nominate, put up, roguery, set up, statue, swindle), سن تشريعات, عين (allocate, appoint, assign, assist, create, define, delimit, designate, eye, install, institute, make, name, ordain, peeper, poach, post, prefix, put, rescue, set smb. on smb., specify, state, succor, succour, supply, tap), أنشأ مؤسسة, ألف (accustom, affect, compile, comprise, form, frequent, millenary, put together, score, thousand, write), شكل (accentuate, boil, cast, categorize, comprise, dot, fashion, form, formalize, format, frame, guise, likeness, make, modality, mode, model, mold, mould, punctuate, put together, semblance, shape, sort, style, trace, vocalize, way). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | съставлявам (form, make), устроен съм, учредявам (erect, found, institute, organize), назначавам (designate, institute, make, name, nominate, place, prefer, put in, set), издавам закон (legislate). (various references) | |
Chinese | 組成 (component, element, make up, part), 构成 (Composition, Constituted, Constituting, makeup, make-up). (various references) | |
Czech | založit (base, begin, establish, file, float, found, ground, institute, launch, mislay, plant, set up, start, start up, wedge), ustanovit (appoint, designate, institute, ordain, place, set), tvořit (coin, create, generate, make up, reproduce), reprezentovat (represent), představovat (personate, picture, represent, spell). (various references) | |
Danish | udgoere et middel til vilkaarlig forskelsbehandling (to constitute a means of arbitrary discrimination), udgøre et enkelt og samlet dokument (indivisible instrument, to constitute a single), stride mod straffelovgivningen (to constitute a breach of criminal law), sejgringsnetvaerkets traade udgoer svaghedszoner,der er rige paa sulfidindeslutninger (rich in sulphide inclusions, the threads of segregate constitute a zone of weakness), overgangsperiodens udloeb skal vaere sidste frist for... (the expiry of the transitional period shall constitute the latest date by which...), i estuarier, hvor der finder en hurtig opblanding sted, vil overgangen fra flodmiljoeet til det oceaniske miljoe vaere gradvis (estuarine areas constitute transitional zones between the river environment and the oceanic environment), flodmundingsbaekkener/estuarier er overgangszoner mellem flodmiljoeet og det oceaniske miljoe (estuarine areas constitute transitional zones between the river environment and the oceanic environment), et koksovnbatteri bestaar af en raekke koksovne,et koksvaerk af flere koksovnsbatterier (several batteries constitute a coking plant), disse forbud maa dog hverken udgoere...eller en skjult begraensning af samhandelen mellem Medlemsstaterne (such prohibitions shall not constitute either a...or a disguised restriction on trade between Member States), de autotrofe organismer udgoer det foerste trofiske niveau d.v.s. det foerste led i foedekaeden (the autotrophic organisms constitute the first trophic level), administrativ kontrol,som kan være i mostrid med menneskerettighederne (administrative check which might constitute a violation of human rights). (various references) | |
Dutch | vormen (account for, acknowledge, confirm, corroborate, cut, form, make up, shape), uitmaken (accomodate, account for, decide, dispense with, do away with, end, extinguish, finish, get rid of, make up, put out, remove, terminate). (various references) | |
Esperanto | konsistigi (make up). (various references) | |
Farsi | تاسیس کردن (Establish, Institute, Invent, Make), ترکیب کردن (Agglutinate, Concoct, Incorporate, Merge, Piece, Synthesize, Unite), تشکیل دادن (Form, Vocalize). (various references) | |
Finnish | muodostaa (build, establish, fashion, form, make up, shape). (various references) | |
French | constituons, constituez, constituer (comprise), constituent, nommer. (various references) | |
German | konstituieren (set up), gründen (base, erect, establish, float, form, found, incorporate, institute, launch, organize, set up, to found, to plant), ernennen (appoint, call, deputize, name, nominate, post, to appoint, to deputize, to nominate), einsetzen (appoint, begin, bring into action, bring into play, come in, come on, deploy, employ, enter, enthrone, exert, fit in, gamble, implant, inaugurate, insert, inset, install, invest, lay on, let, let in, move in, play, ply, put away, put in, put on, reinsert, risk, send in, send on, set, set in, set up, stake, start, stow, to constitute, to enthrone, to insert, to instate, to patch, to reinsert, to set in, use), darstellen (delineate, depict, describe, display, enact, impersonate, incarnate, introduce, offer, paint, personate, picture, play, play out, plot, portray, pose, present, produce, render, represent, tender, to depict, to personate, to represent), bilden (acquire, breed, bring up, civilize, construct, educate, establish, fashion, form, make, make up, Mold, raise, refine, set up, shape, to frame, to pattern), ausmachen (agree, amount to, arrange, come to, determine, dig up, go to make up, locate, make, make out, make up, matter, put off, put out, set, settle, to account for, turn off, turn out). (various references) | |
Greek | συγκροτώ (compose, form), αποτελώ (compose, make up). (various references) | |
Hebrew | לכונן (establish, found, institute), להוות (capitalize). (various references) | |
Hungarian | alkot (create, generate, procreate, to compose, to create, to frame, to make up, to procreate, to produce), alapít (base, endow, establish, form, found, institute, to base, to endow, to establish, to institute). (various references) | |
Indonesian | merupakan, menyusun (arrange, assort, compilate, conceive, configure, contrive, run along), membangunkan (arouse, build up, shape). (various references) | |
Italian | costituire (compose, constitute oneself, establish, form, give oneself up, institute, make up, set oneself up), formare (educate, forge, form, frame, make, Mold, mould, sculpt, shape, train). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 因となり果となる (to constitute the cause and effect). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | いんとなりかとなる (to constitute the cause and effect). (various references) | |
Korean | 창설하십시요. (various references) | |
Manx | jannoo seose (concoct, consist, cultivation, make up, patch up). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | onstitutecay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | constituir (compose, consist in, institute, make, make up). (various references) | |
Romanian | constitui (be, establish, form, frame, represent), compune (compact, compose, compound, create, draw, form, frame, indite, Marshal, set, write), stabili (appoint, arrange, ascertain, assess, calm, clinch, conclude, decree, determine, erect, establish, fix, institute, introduce, lay down, Lodge, measure, nail down, name, nominate, regulate, set, set out, settle, spot, state, verify), numi (appoint, call, designate, make, name, nominate, place, put, surname), institui (establish, institute, organize), forma (arise, compose, cultivate, educate, fashion, form, frame, garrison, knead, Mold, mould, organize, shape, train), autoriza (allow, authorise, authorize, commission, empower, enable, license, sanction), alcãtui (compile, compose, construct, create, devise, elaborate, form, frame, integrate, lay down, organize). (various references) | |
Russian | составлять (amount, amounted, amounting, be, come, compose, draw up, form, make, reach, totalled, totalling). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | konstituisati. (various references) | |
Spanish | constituir (establish, instruct, make up). (various references) | |
Swedish | bilda (culture, educate, erect, establish, form, Mold, mould, shape). (various references) | |
Turkish | yürürlüğe koymak (put into action, put into effect), teşkil etmek, seçmek (adopt, be particular about, choose, co opt, coopt, cull, decide on, decide up, descry, distinguish, elect, hand-pick, intend, intend for, look out, opt, perceive, pick, pick out, plump for, postulate, select, single out, spot), oluşturmak (carve out, compose, create, effectuate, forge, form, generate, make up), kurmak (activate, base, build, build up, cog, conspire, construct, erect, establish, fix up, float, form, found, frame, ground, install, institute, lay, line up, organize, pitch, plant, promote, put, put together, ruminate, set, set up, start, strike up, time, weave, wind up), atamak (accredit, advance, appoint, assign, co opt, commission, coopt, create, depute, deputize, designate, elect, install, institute, nominate, ordain, post, prefer, station). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | являти собою (correspond, present), засновувати (base, build, charter, establish, institute, promote, set up, start), призначати (administer, administrate, affect, allocate, allot, appoint, appropriate, assign, attach, consign, design, direct, fix, intend, make, mark out, mean, name, number, order, put, tell off). (various references) | |
Welsh | cyfansoddi (compose). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | accedam, accedamus, accedant, accedas, accedat, accede, accedebant, accedemus, accedens, accedensque, accedent, accedente, accedentem, accedentes, accedentia, accedentibus, accedentque, accedere, accederent, accederet, accederetis, accedes, accedesque, accedet, accedetisque, accedit, accedite, accedunt, accesserint, accesseris, accesserit, accesserunt, accesseruntque, accessi, accessimus, accessissent, accessisset, accessisti, accessistis, accessit, accessitque, accessu, accessum, accessuri. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "constitute": constituted, constitutes. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "constitute": reconstitute. (additional references) | |
Words containing "constitute": reconstituted, reconstitutes. (additional references) | |
| |
"Constitute" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: consitute, constit, constituate, constitue, constiture, constitut, contitute, cosntitute. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "constitute" (pronounced kÄ"nstutuw't) |
| 9 | k Ä" n s t u t uw' t | reconstitute. |
| 7 | -n s t u t uw' t | institute. |
| 6 | -s t u t uw' t | destitute, prostitute, restitute, substitute. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "c-e-i-n-o-s-t-t-t-u" | |
-2 letters: counties, nuttiest, stenotic, tonetics. | |
-3 letters: contest, contuse, cutties, notices, scottie, section, stouten, suction, tenutos, tonetic, toniest, tutties. | |
-4 letters: centos, cestoi, coitus, conies, contes, cosine, counts, cousin, cutest, cuties, cutins, icones, incest, incuse, insect, nicest, noetic, notice, octets, oscine, ounces, outset, outsin, outsit, setout, sitten, stotin, tenuis, tenuti, tenuto, teston, tincts, tocsin, tonics, tunics. | |
| Words containing the letters "c-e-i-n-o-s-t-t-t-u" | |
+1 letter: constituent, constituted, constitutes. | |
+2 letters: constituents, constitutive, reconstitute, stonecutting. | |
+3 letters: constituently, outstretching, reconstituted, reconstitutes, stonecuttings. | |
+4 letters: authenticators, constitutively, counterstating, countertactics, destructionist, reconstituting, reconstitution. | |
+5 letters: authentications, destructionists, reconstitutions. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Images: Photo Album 6. Images: Digital Art 7. Quotations: Familiar 8. Quotations: Historic | 9. Quotations: Fiction 10. Quotations: Non-fiction 11. Quotations: Speeches 12. Usage Frequency | 13. Expressions 14. Expressions: Internet 15. Translations: Modern 16. Translations: Ancient | 17. Derivations 18. Rhymes 19. Anagrams 20. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.