Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Coal |
CoalNoun1. Fossil fuel consisting of carbonized vegetable matter deposited in the Carboniferous period. 2. A hot glowing or smouldering fragment of wood or coal left from a fire. Verb1. Burn to charcoal; "Without a drenching rain, the forest fire will char everything.". 2. Supply with coal. 3. Take in coal, as of a ship. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "coal" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1321. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Bible | Coal It is by no means certain that the Hebrews were acquainted with mineral coal, although it is found in Syria. Their common fuel was dried dung of animals and wood charcoal. Two different words are found in Hebrew to denote coal, both occurring in Prov. 26:21, "As coal [Heb. peham; i.e., "black coal"] is to burning coal [Heb. gehalim]." The latter of these words is used in Job 41:21; Prov. 6:28; Isa. 44:19. The words "live coal" in Isa. 6:6 are more correctly "glowing stone." In Lam. 4:8 the expression "blacker than a coal" is literally rendered in the margin of the Revised Version "darker than blackness." "Coals of fire" (2 Sam. 22:9, 13; Ps. 18:8, 12, 13, etc.) is an expression used metaphorically for lightnings proceeding from God. A false tongue is compared to "coals of juniper" (Ps. 120:4; James 3:6). "Heaping coals of fire on the head" symbolizes overcoming evil with good. The words of Paul (Rom. 12:20) are equivalent to saying, "By charity and kindness thou shalt soften down his enmity as surely as heaping coals on the fire fuses the metal in the crucible." Source: Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary. |
Energy | Black or brown rock, formed under pressure from organic fossils inprehistoric times, that is mined and burned to produce heat energy. (references) |
Health | A natural fuel formed by partial decomposition of vegetable matter under certain environmental conditions. (references) |
Literature | Coal Hot as a coal. The expression has an obvious allusion To post the coal or cole To pay or put down the cash. Coal=money has been in use in the sporting world for very many years. Buxton, in 1863, used the phrase "post the coal," and since then it has been in frequent use. Probably rhyming slang "Coal," an imperfect rhyme of gool =gold. (See page 248, Chivy and page 266, Coaling) "It would not suit me to write, ... even if they offered, ..., to post the cole."- Hood. Source: Brewer's Dictionary. |
Multilingual Slang | French (charbon). (references) |
Science | A readily combustible rock containing more than 50 percent by weight and more than 70 percent by volume of carbonaceous material formed from compaction and induration of variously altered plant remains. (references) |
Weather | A black or brownish black solid, combustible substance formed by the partial decomposition of vegetable matter without access to air. The rank of coal, which includes anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, and lignite, is based on fixed carbon, volatile matter, and heating value. Coal rank indicates the progressive alteration, or coalification, from lignite to anthracite. See anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, lignite. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Coal is a fossil fuel extracted from the ground by mining. It is a form of carbon and hydrocarbons along with assorted other elements including sulfur.
Coal is a readily combustible black or brownish-black rock the composition of which, including inherent moisture, consists of more than 50 percent by weight and more than 70 percent by volume of carbonaceous material. Coal is formed from plant remains that have been compacted, hardened, chemically altered, and metamorphosed by heat and pressure over geologic time. It is suspected that coal is formed from prehistoric plants, that grew in swamp ecosystems. When such plants died their biomass was deposited in an anaerobic, aquatic environments where low oxygen levels prevented their oxidation (rotting and release of carbon dioxide). Successive generations of this type of plant growth and death formed deep deposits of unoxidized organic matter that were subsequently covered by sediments and compacted into carboniferous deposits such as peat or bituminous or anthracite coal. Evidence of the types of plants that contributed to carboniferous deposits can occasionally be found in the shale and sandstone sediments that overlie coal deposits. It is believed that most coal was formed during the carboniferous era (280 to 345 million years ago).
Coal is primarily used as a solid fuel to produce heat by burning, which produces carbon dioxide a greenhouse gas along with SO2 which produces sulfuric acid, which is responsible for the formation of suphate aerosol and acid rain. In electricity generation, the heat is used to create steam which then is used to power turbine generators. Approximately 40% of the Earth's current electricity production is powered by coal, and the total known deposits recoverable by current technologies are sufficient for at least 300 years' use. Modern coal power plants utilize a variety of techniques to limit the harmfulness of their waste products and improve the efficiency of burning, though these techniques are not widely implemented in some countries as they add to the capital cost of the power plant.
Etymology and folklore
Coal is thought ultimately to derive its name from the Old English col but this actually meant charcoal at the time; coal was not dug for prior to the later Middle Ages i.e. after c. 1000 AD. Mineral coal was referred to as sea-coal since it was found washed up on beaches occasionally.It is associated with the astrological sign Capricorn. It is carried by thieves to protect them from detection and to help them to escape when pursued. It is an element of a popular ritual associated with New Year's Eve. To dream of {burning, or burnt?} coals is a symbol of disappointment, trouble, affliction and loss, unless they are burning brightly, when the symbol gives promise of uplifting and advancement.
Types of coal
Bituminous Coal is a dense coal, usually black, sometimes dark brown, often with well-defined bands of bright and dull material, used primarily as fuel in steam-electric power generation, with substantial quantities also used for heat and power applications in manufacturing and to make coke. Bituminous coal is the most abundant coal in active U.S. mining regions. Its moisture content usually is less then 20 percent. The heat content of bituminous coal ranges from 21 to 30 million Btu per ton on a moist, mineral-matter-free basis. The heat content of bituminous coal consumed in the United States averages 24 million Btu per ton, on the as-received basis (i.e., containing both inherent moisture and mineral matter).
Anthracite is the highest rank of coal; used primarily for residential and commercial space heating. It is hard, brittle, and black lustrous coal, often referred to as hard coal, containing a high percentage of fixed carbon and a low percentage of volatile matter. The moisture content of fresh-mined anthracite generally is less than 15 percent. The heat content of anthracite ranges from 22 to 28 million Btu per ton on a moist, mineral-matter-free basis. The heat content of anthracite coal consumed in the United States averages 25 million Btu per ton, on the as-received basis (i.e., containing both inherent moisture and mineral matter). Note: Since the 1980s, anthracite refuse or mine waste has been used for steam electric power generation. This fuel typically has a heat content of 15 million Btu per ton or less.
Lignite is the lowest rank of coal, often referred to as brown coal, used almost exclusively as fuel for steam-electric power generation. It is brownish-black and has a high inherent moisture content, sometimes as high as 45 percent. The heat content of lignite ranges from 9 to 17 million Btu per ton on a moist, mineral-matter-free basis. The heat content of lignite consumed in the United States averages 13 million Btu per ton, on the as-received basis (i.e., containing both inherent moisture and mineral matter).
Subbituminous Coal is a coal whose properties range from those of lignite to those of bituminous coal and are used primarily as fuel for steam-electric power generation. It may be dull, dark brown to black, soft and crumbly at the lower end of the range, to bright, jet black, hard, and relatively strong at the upper end. Subbituminous coal contains 20 to 30 percent inherent moisture by weight. The heat content of subbituminous coal ranges from 17 to 24 million Btu per ton on a moist, mineral-matter-free basis. The heat content of subbituminous coal consumed in the United States averages 17 to 18 million Btu per ton, on the as-received basis (i.e., containing both inherent moisture and mineral matter).
Coke is a solid carbonaceous residue derived from low-ash, low-sulfur bituminous coal from which the volatile constituents are driven off by baking in an oven at temperatures as high as 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit so that the fixed carbon and residual ash are fused together. Coke is used as a fuel and as a reducing agent in smelting iron ore in a blast furnace. Coke from coal is grey, hard, and porous and has a heating value of 24.8 million Btu per short ton. Byproducts of this conversion of coal to coke include coal-tar, ammonia, light oils, and "coal-gas". (Coke can also be made from petroleum)
Jet is a compact form of lignite that is sometimes polished and used as an ornamental stone.
It has been estimated that, as of 1996, there are around one thousand billion (1×1012) tonnes of total coal reserves economically accessible using current mining technology, approximately half of it being hard coal.
See also
Coal is also a colour.
- History of coal mining.
- Major coal producing regions.
- Major coal exporters.
- Coal mining techniques.
- Coaldust
- Coal-tar
- List of minerals
- Fluidized bed combustion
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Coal."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| COED | English | Coal Oil Energy Development | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: CoalSynonyms: ember (n), char (v). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Affections | Phrase: "affection is a coal that must be cool'd else suffer'd it will set the heart on fire". |
Exertion | Work hard; rough it; put forth one's strength, put forth a strong arm; fall to work, bend the bow; buckle to, set one's shoulder to the wheel; (resolution); work like a horse, work like a cart horse, work like a galley slave, work like a coal heaver; labor day and night, work day and night; redouble one's efforts; do double duty; work double hours, work double tides; sit up, burn the candle at both ends; stick to; (persevere) a; work one's way, fight one's way; lay about one, hammer at. |
Fuel | Coal, wallsend, anthracite, culm, coke, carbon, charcoal, bituminous coal, tar shale; turf, peat, firewood, bobbing, faggot, log; cinder. (products of combustion); ingle, tinder, touchwood; sulphur, brimstone; incense; port-fire; fire-barrel, fireball, brand; amadou, bavin; blind coal, glance coal; German tinder, pyrotechnic sponge, punk, smudge; solid fueled rocket. |
Furnace | Fireplace, gas fireplace; coal fire, wood fire; fire-dog, fire-irons; grate, range, kitchener; caboose, camboose; poker, tongs, shovel, ashpan, hob, trivet; andiron, gridiron; ashdrop; frying-pan, stew-pan, backlog. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Coal |
| English words defined with "coal": anthracite coal ♦ Bituminous coal, Blind coal, Bovey coal, brown coal ♦ Caking coal, Canal coal, Candle coal, cannel coal, Coal bed, Coal breaker, coal car, coal chute, Coal field, Coal gas, Coal heaver, coal house, coal industry, Coal measures, coal mine, coal miner, coal miner's lung, Coal plant, coal scuttle, coal seam, coal shovel, coal tar, Coal works, Cob coal ♦ Dice coal ♦ Gas coal, Gathering coal ♦ hard coal ♦ Kennel coal ♦ Lump coal ♦ Nut coal ♦ Parrot coal, Pea coal, Pit coal, Pitch coal ♦ sea coal, Small coal, soft coal, Splent coal, steam coal, Stone coal ♦ wood coal. (references) |
| Etymologies containing "coal": Xylanthrax. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Always carry a yo-yo in case you get trapped in a coal mine (Moron Movies; writing credit: Griff Rhys Jones; Mel Smith) Norm, you've got time to make your own coal. (Cheers; writing credit: Isaac Cronin; Wayne Wang) Get some coal. We'll dump him overboard (The Live Ghost; writing credit: Jo Swerling; Dwight Taylor) I never lend books to coal miners (The Razor's Edge; writing credit: John Byrum; W. Somerset Maugham) Pardon my French, but Cameron is so tight that if you shoved a lump of coal up his ass, in two weeks you'd have a diamond (Ferris Bueller's Day Off; writing credit: John Hughes) | |
Lyrics | WELL I BEEN WORKIN' IN A COAL MINE (Working In A Coal Mine; performing artist: Devo) With eyes as black as coal that look down in my soul (Spanish Harlem; performing artist: Aretha Franklin) But they've taken all the coal from the ground (Allentown; performing artist: Billy Joel) We came from the West Virginia coal mines (A Country Boy Can Survive (Y2K Verison); performing artist: Chad Brock) From the Kentucky coal mine to the California sun ("Me and Bobby McGee"; performing artist: Janis Joplin) | |
Clever | Pennsylvania: Cook With Coal (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Mining Coal (1968) Coal at the Crossroads (1955) The Coal Dust Twins (1923) Without Coal (1920) The Coal Shortage (1920) | |
Song Titles | Down In The Coal Mine (performing artist: Ian Folk Group Campbell) WORKING IN THE COAL MINE (performing artist: Lee Dorsey ) Coal Miner's Daughter (performing artist: Loretta Lynn) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References |
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Books |
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Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Here the disease has manifested itself as a cutaneous ulceration, which has begun to turn black, hence the origin of the name "Anthrax", after the Greek name for coal. Credit: CDC. |  | Pneumoconiosis, or Black Lung Disease, is a job related disease caused by continued exposure to excessive amounts of coal mine dust. This dust becomes imbedded in the lungs, causing them to harden, making breathing very difficult. Credit: CDC. |
 | The "Club" at Sandakan Unidentified PATHFINDER personnel and locals After a run down to Sandakan for coal. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |  | Pump unit producing coal bed methane near Price, Utah. Credit: Kelly Rigby. |
 | Overlooking coal bed methane production units near Price, Utah. Credit: Jerry Sintz. |  | Douglas Fir grows after 5 years in reclaimed site near Centralia coal mine. Credit: Kelly Courtright. |
 | Building a drill pad for coal bed methane production near price, Utah. Credit: Jerry Sintz. |  | Reservoir for storage of water used in production of coal bed methane, Buffalo Field Office. Credit: Jerry Sintz. |
 | Facilities used in the production of coal bed methane, Buffalo Field Office. Credit: Jerry Sintz. |  | Coal production near Price, Utah. Credit: Jerry Sintz. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |
| "Flames 2" by Eoghan Mcnally Commentary: "Coal fire in the sitting room." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. |
| Author | Quotation |
Buddha | Holding on to anger is like grasping a hot coal with the intent of throwing it at someone else; you are the one getting burned. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | Coal tar 50,000 tons Sulphate of ammonia 30,000 tons. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | Someone had put coal on and he heard voices |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | Et a big piece a coal. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | Natural gas (22%), coal, wind and landfill gas meets the balance. (references) | |
Coal is used to generate most of the electric power in Australia. (references) | ||
Venezuela has large reserves of oil, coal, natural gas and hydro resources. (references) | ||
Economic History | Serbia and Montenegro | The largest coal deposits are in Kosovo. (references) |
Colombia | Colombia is the largest coal producer in Latin America. (references) | |
Uzbekistan | Uzbekistan produces about 4 million tons of coal annually. (references) | |
Political Economy | Colombia | Crude oil, coal, coffee, and cut flowers are the principal legal exports. (references) |
UKRAINE | It is estimated that there are 5.2 deaths per million tons of coal extracted. (references) | |
RUSSIA | The government does provide some subsidies for the production of coal, but coal exports are minimal. (references) | |
Trade | Ukraine | A consortium headed by Oxbow Coal and Carbon is conducting the study. (references) |
Brazil | Only energy inputs such as coal and petroleum and agricultural inputs such as seeds were exempted. (references) | |
Ukraine | Coal Recovery-TDA provided partial funding ($375,000) for a study on recovery of coal from slurry ponds. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Colombia | In the mining sector, coal mining presents the most difficult child labor problem. (references) |
China | However, in May 39 prisoner-miners were killed in a coal mine flood in Sichuan Province in May. (references) | |
China | The high rate and seriousness of coal mining accidents has highlighted serious enforcement problems in that sector. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Gerald Ford | 1974-1977 | We must strike a reasonable compromise on environmental concerns with coal. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | This report builds on the work of the International Energy Agency's Coal Industry Advisory Board. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Coal" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.71% of the time. "Coal" is used about 5,083 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.71% | 5,068 | 1,936 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.26% | 13 | 97,576 |
| Lexical Verb (infinitive) | 0.02% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Unclassified Items | 0.02% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 5,083 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes names derived from the word "coal". | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Meaning |
| Rezeph | N/A | Biblical | Burning coal |
| Rizpah | N/A | Biblical | A coal |
| Colby | Male | English | A coal town |
| Colten | Male | English | A coal town |
| Colton | Male | English | A coal town |
| Kolby | Male | English | A coal town |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
| |||
| Country | Name | Country | Name |
| Australia | Austral Coal Ltd. | China | Yanzhou Coal Mining Company Limited |
| Japan | Sumitomo Coal Mining Co., Ltd. | United Kingdom | Consolidated Coal Plc |
| USA | Arch Coal Inc | ||
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "coal": Age of coal plants ♦ algal coal ♦ altogether coal ♦ anthracite coal ♦ as black as coal ♦ bituminous coal ♦ blacken with coal ♦ blind coal ♦ boghead coal ♦ bone coal ♦ bony coal ♦ Bovey coal ♦ brown coal ♦ bunker coal ♦ burn coal ♦ burning coal ♦ Caking coal ♦ Canal coal ♦ Candle coal ♦ canned coal ♦ Cannel coal ♦ carry coal to newcastle ♦ chestnut coal ♦ cinder coal ♦ cleaned coal ♦ coal basin ♦ coal basins ♦ Coal bed ♦ coal black ♦ Coal breaker ♦ coal car ♦ coal cellar ♦ coal Center ♦ coal chute ♦ coal City ♦ coal County ♦ coal Creek ♦ coal cutter ♦ coal dust ♦ coal face ♦ coal field ♦ coal fields ♦ coal Fork ♦ coal gas ♦ coal Grove ♦ coal heading ♦ Coal heaver ♦ coal Hill ♦ coal hod ♦ coal house ♦ coal industry ♦ coal lumper ♦ coal measures ♦ coal merchant ♦ coal meters ♦ coal mine ♦ coal miner ♦ coal miner's lung ♦ coal miner's pneumoconiosis ♦ coal miners'dermatitis ♦ coal mining ♦ coal Mountain ♦ coal oil ♦ coal pit ♦ Coal plant ♦ coal plough ♦ coal pulverising equipment ♦ coal pulverising mill ♦ coal pulverizing plant ♦ coal Run ♦ coal scuttle ♦ coal seam ♦ coal segregation ♦ coal shovel ♦ coal tar ♦ coal tit ♦ coal tongs ♦ coal tower ♦ coal trimmer ♦ coal Valley ♦ coal weighers ♦ coal wharf ♦ coal whiting ♦ coal worker's pneumoconiosis ♦ coal workers'pneumoconiosis ♦ Coal works ♦ coal yard ♦ cob coal ♦ commercially disposable coal ♦ Dice coal ♦ dry cleaned coal ♦ egg coal ♦ European Coal and Steel Community ♦ Face of coal ♦ flame coal ♦ Garrett Coal Pyrolysis process ♦ Gas coal ♦ Gathering coal ♦ Glance coal ♦ hard coal ♦ Kennel coal. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "coal": coal-and, coal-bag, coal-based, coal-bearing, coal-bed, coal-bin, coal-biters, coal-black, coal-box, coal-breaker, coal-bunkers, coal-burner, coal-burning, coal-carrier, coal-carrying, coal-carts, coal-cutter, coal-cutters, coal-cutting, coal-dark, coal-dust, coal-effect, coal-efficient, coal-export, coal-exporting, coal-eyed, coal-face, coal-faces, coal-fire, coal-fired, coal-gas, coal-gasification, coal-getting, coal-hard, coal-hauling, coal-heaver, coal-heavers, coal-hewing, coal-hole, coal-holes, coal-house, Coal-hunk-peter, coal-laden, coal-like, coal-man, coal-merchant, Coal-meter, coal-mine, coal-miner, coal-miners, coal-mines, coal-mining, coal-oil, coal-opolis, coal-owner, coal-owners, coal-pits, coal-pitted, coal-plough-machine, coal-powered, coal-price, coal-producing, coal-red, coal-rich, coal-scar, coal-scuttle, coal-seam, coal-searcher, coal-selling, coal-shafts, coal-shed, coal-sheds, coal-sidings, coal-smoke, coal-smuts, coal-station, Coal-steel, coal-store, coal-tar, Coal-tar creosote, coal-tip, coal-tips, coal-town, coal-water, coal-wharf, Coal-whipper, coal-whippers, coal-winning, coal-workers, coal-workers'pneumoconiosis. | |
Ending with "coal": post-coal. | |
Containing "coal": carry-coal-bag, ex-coal-miner, Sea-coal facing. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
coal chamber | 967 | coal price | 25 |
coal | 894 | anthracite coal | 23 |
coal mining | 135 | coal fired power plant | 21 |
coal mine | 107 | coal valley illinois | 20 |
coal stove | 56 | coal power plant | 20 |
coal city il | 55 | coal creek golf course | 20 |
coal chamber lyrics | 55 | coal fording | 20 |
coal miner daughter | 53 | coal furnace | 19 |
coal miner | 52 | coal forge | 18 |
coal tar | 51 | coal mine virginia west | 18 |
coal chamber picture | 47 | coal tar treatment | 18 |
coal township pa | 41 | coal chamber tab | 17 |
arch coal | 41 | age coal | 17 |
coal chamber pic | 32 | coal lackawanna mine tour | 16 |
coal peabody | 31 | coal creek | 16 |
coal news valley | 31 | coal company | 15 |
coal gasification | 30 | coal mine picture | 15 |
coal fired flue gas in incinerators mercury power sorbents station use waste | 29 | coal energy | 15 |
coal picture | 29 | coal mining equipment | 15 |
coal lackawanna mine | 27 | coal power | 15 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "coal"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | steenkool. (various references) | |
Albanian | thëngjillor (carbonic), thëngjill (carbon, cinder, ember), qymyrguri, qymyr i ndezur, furnizoj me qymyrguri. (various references) | |
Arabic | فحم حجري أو نباتي, فحم (carbon, char, charcoal), جمرة (carbuncle, cinder, ember, firebrand). (various references) | |
Basque | ikatz. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | каменни въглища (pit coal), въглен (charcoal), въглищен (carbonaceous), дървени въглища (charcoal). (various references) | |
Chinese | 煤炭, 煤 . (various references) | |
Czech | uhlík (carbon, cinder), uhlí (Cole), uhel. (various references) | |
Danish | kul. (various references) | |
Dutch | steenkool, kool (cabbage). (various references) | |
Esperanto | karbo. (various references) | |
Faeroese | kol. (various references) | |
Farsi | زغال کردن , زغال سنگ , زغال (Char). (various references) | |
Finnish | hiili (carbon, charcoal). (various references) | |
French | charbon (contact brush). (various references) | |
Frisian | koal (cabbage). (various references) | |
German | kohle (carbon, charcoal, dough, moola, moolah), Steinkohle (hard coal, pit coal). (various references) | |
Greek | κάρβουνα, κάρβουνο (carbon, ember), γαιάνθρακασ, άνθρακασ (anthrax, carbon, carbuncle), άνθρακας (anthracnose, anthrax, black spot, charbon, milzbrand, splenic fever), άνθραξ, αέρι από την καύση ανθράκων. (various references) | |
Hebrew | לפחם (blacken with coal, turn into charcoal), שיחור (ember), פחם אבן (anthracite, coke), פחם (charcoal). (various references) | |
Hungarian | szén (carbon). (various references) | |
Icelandic | kol. (various references) | |
Indonesian | batubara. (various references) | |
Italian | carbone (carbon, coke). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 石炭 , 石炭 . (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | せきたん. (various references) | |
Korean | 석탄. (various references) | |
Lombard | carbon. (various references) | |
Manx | peesh gheayil, geayl (coals), clagh gheayil. (various references) | |
Norwegian | kull (hatch, litter). (various references) | |
Occitan | carbon. (various references) | |
Pig Latin | oalcay.(various references) | |
Polish | węgiel. (various references) | |
Portuguese | carvão (charcoal, crayon, eyebrow pencil, mine, smut). (various references) | |
Romanian | carboniza (carbonize, char), cãrbune (black diamond, brand, carbuncle, embers), tãciune (blight, brand, canker, cinder, embers, smut), huilã (pit coal), aproviziona cu cãrbune. (various references) | |
Romany | angàl. (various references) | |
Russian | уголь (carbon, charcoal), уголек, каменный уголь/ .каменноугольный, каменный уголь, каменноугольный. (various references) | |
Scottish | gual. (various references) | |
Sepedi | lelahla. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | ugljeni (carbon, carbonic), ugalj. (various references) | |
Shona | marasha. (various references) | |
Spanish | carbón (carbon, charcoal, fuel), tomar carbón, hulla (bituminous coal, hard coal). (various references) | |
Swazi | lí-lâhle. (various references) | |
Swedish | stenkol (black diamond), kol (carbon). (various references) | |
Tagalog | karbón, úling. (various references) | |
Thai | ใส่ถ่าน, เผาให้เป็นถ่าน, ถ่านหิน, จัดหาถ่านหินให้. (various references) | |
Turkish | maden kömürü, kor (cinder, ember), kömür vermek, kömür almak, kömür, bir yakımlık kömür. (various references) | |
Turkmen | kцmьr. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | кам'яновугільний (carbonaceous, carboniferous), вугільний (carbonic, coaly), вугілля, обуглюватися. (various references) | |
Vietnamese | mắng nhiếc ai lấy ơn trả oán, lấy thiện trả ác. (various references) | |
Welsh | glo%yn, glo. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Sumerian | 3100 BCE-2500 BCE | izi. (various references) |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | carbo, carbo, carbonis, vatilla. (various references) |
| Old English | 450-1100 | gled. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Isaiah Chapter 47, Verse 14 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Idou panteV wV frugana epi puri katakahsontai kai ou mh exelwntai thn yuchn autwn ek flogoV oti eceiV anqrakaV puroV kaqisai ep' autouV |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Ecce facti sunt quasi stipula ignis conbusit eos non liberabunt animam suam de manu flammae non sunt prunae quibus calefiant nec focus ut sedeant ad eum |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | Lo! thei ben mad as stobil, fyr to brende them; thei shul not delyuere ther soule fro the hond of flaume; ther ben not coles, with the whiche thei ben made hot, ne fyr, that thei sitte at it. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Behold, they shall be as stubble; the fire shall burn them; they shall not deliver themselves from the power of the flame: there shall not be a coal to warm at, nor fire to sit before it. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Behold, they shall be as stubble; the fire shall burn them; they shall not deliver themselves from the power of the flame: there shall not be a coal to warm at, nor fire to sit before it. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Truly, they have become like dry stems, they have been burned in the fire; they are not able to keep themselves safe from the power of the flame: it is not a coal for warming them, or a fire by which a man may be seated. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Isaiah Chapter 47, Verse 14 |
| Cebuano | Ania karon, sila mahisama sa mga tuod sa balili; ang kalayo magasunog kanila; sila dili makaluwas sa ilang kaugalingon gikan sa gahum sa siga: kini dili man mausa ka baga nga arang pagadangkahan, ni kalayo aron alirongan. |
| Croatian | Gle, oni æe biti poput pljeve, oganj æe ih sažeæi. Ni sami sebe neæe izbaviti iz zagrljaja plamenoga. Neæe ostat' ni žerave da se tko ogrije, ni ognjišta da uza nj posjedne! |
| Danish | Se, de er blevet som Strå, de,fortæres af Ild, de frelser ikke deres Liv fra Luens Magt. "Ingen Glød til Varme, ej Bål at sidde ved!" |
| Dutch | Ziet, zij zullen zijn als stoppelen, het vuur zal ze verbranden, zij zullen zichzelven niet kunnen rukken uit de macht der vlam; het zal geen kool zijn om bij te warmen, geen vuur om daarvoor neder te zitten. |
| Finnish | Katso, he ovat kuin kuivat korret: tuli polttaa heidät; he eivät pelasta henkeään liekin vallasta. Se ei ole hiillos heidän lämmitelläkseen eikä valkea, jonka ääressä istutaan. |
| French | Voici, ils sont comme de la paille, le feu les consume, Ils ne sauveront pas leur vie des flammes: Ce ne sera pas du charbon dont on se chauffe, Ni un feu auprès duquel on s`assied. |
| German | Siehe, sie sind wie Stoppeln, die das Feuer verbrennt; sie können ihr Leben nicht erretten vor der Flamme; denn es wird nicht eine Glut sein, dabei man sich wärme, oder ein Feuer, darum man sitzen möge. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Lihat, mereka seperti jerami yang dimakan api; tak dapat mereka menyelamatkan diri sendiri! Nyala api itu terlalu panas bagi mereka, bukan api hangat untuk berdiang. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Bahwasanya mereka itu akan seperti jerami dan apipun akan makan dia habis-habis, sehingga tiada mereka itu dapat merentak dirinya dari pada galak nyala api; karena sesungguhnya api itupun bukan bara sahaja akan berdiang diri padanya dan bukan ia itu api akan duduk hampir dengan dia! |
| Italian | Ecco, essi sono come stoppia: il fuoco li consuma; non salveranno se stessi dal potere delle fiamme. Non ci sarà brace per scaldarsi, né fuoco dinanzi al quale sedersi. |
| Maori | Nana, ka rite ratou ki te kakau witi, ka wera i te ahi; e kore ratou e ora i te ngaunga a te ahi: ehara i te ngarahu hei whakamahanatanga, ehara hoki i te ahi hei painatanga. |
| Norwegian | Se, de er som halm, ilden brenner dem op, de kan ikke redde sitt eget liv fra luens makt; det er ingen glør å varme sig ved, ingen ild å sitte omkring. |
| Portuguese | Eis que são como restolho; o logo os queimará; não poderão livrar-se do poder das chamas; pois não é um braseiro com que se aquentar, nem fogo para se sentar junto dele. |
| Rumanian | Iatq -i, au ajuns ca miriwtea, pe care o arde focul, wi nu-wi vor scqpa viaya din flqcqri: cqci nu va fi ca un cqrbune, la care se kncqlzewte cineva, nici un foc, la care stq. |
| Russian | чПФ ПОЙ, ЛБЛ УПМПНБ: ПЗПОШ УПЦЕЗ ЙИ, --ОЕ ЙЪВБЧЙМЙ ДХЫЙ УЧПЕК ПФ РМБНЕОЙ; ОЕ ПУФБМПУШ ХЗМС, ЮФПВЩ РПЗТЕФШУС, ОЙ ПЗОС, ЮФПВЩ РПУЙДЕФШ РЕТЕД ОЙН. |
| Spanish | He aquí que serán como paja; el fuego los quemará. No librarán sus propias vidas del poder de la llama de fuego. No quedará brasa para calentarse, ni lumbre ante la cual se sienten. |
| Swedish | Men se, de äro att likna vid strå som brännes upp i eld, de kunna icke rädda sitt liv ur lågornas våld. Detta är ju ingen koleld att värma sig framför, ingen brasa att sitta vid. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "coal": coala, coalas, coalbin, coalbins, coalbox, coalboxes, coaled, coaler, coalers, coalesce, coalesced, coalescence, coalescences, coalescent, coalesces, coalescing, coalfield, coalfields, coalfish, coalfishes, coalhole, coalholes, coalier, coaliest, coalification, coalifications, coalified, coalifies, coalify, coalifying, coaling, coalition, coalitionist, coalitionists, coalitions, coalless, coalpit, coalpits, coals, coalsack, coalsacks, coalshed, coalsheds, coaly, coalyard, coalyards. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "coal": charcoal, recoal. (additional references) | |
Words containing "coal": charcoaled, charcoaling, charcoals, recoaled, recoaling, recoals, uncoalesce, uncoalesced, uncoalesces, uncoalescing. (additional references) | |
| |
"Coal" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: caal, caald, cael, calo, cao, Caol, Cazal, ccall, ccmail, ceal, cealf, cealt, Cefalu, chal, choal, chocal, chola, Choul, cial, cila, cloil, clonal, coa, coab, coae, coaf, coai, coak, coaln, coam, coan, Coar, coav, cobal, codal, coel, coii, Colap, colax, cole, colle, Conall, cooool, corl, Cosalt, Cosl, cotal, coul, coval, Covall, Cowap, coxal, Coxall, cral, Crall, croal, croil, Ctal, cual, Cula, cuul, joal, koal, komal, Kowal, oal, ocale, ocao, ocle. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "coal" (pronounced kō"l) |
| 3 | k ō" l | Cole, Kohl, skoal. |
| 2 | -ō" l | bole, Boll, bowl, cajole, control, decontrol, dhole, dole, droll, enroll, espanol, extol, foal, goal, hole, sole, soul, stole, stroll, knoll, mole, ole, parole, patrol, pistole, pole, poll, role, roll, scroll, thole, tole, toll, troll, whole. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: calo, cola, loca. | |
| Words within the letters "a-c-l-o" | |
-1 letter: col, lac, oca. | |
-2 letters: al, la, lo. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-c-l-o" | |
+1 letter: acold, calos, carol, claro, cloak, coala, coals, coaly, colas, colza, comal, copal, coral, coxal, focal, loach, local, octal, vocal. | |
+2 letters: alcove, alnico, cajole, calico, callow, calory, canola, caroli, carols, catalo, chalot, cholla, choral, citola, clamor, claros, claxon, cloaca, cloaks, clonal, coalas, coaled, coaler, coaxal, cobalt, coccal, coeval, coital, colead, collar, colzas, copalm, copals, copula, corals, corral, costal, cupola, falcon, flacon, locale, locals, locate, lochan, lochia, lorica, ocular, oilcan, oracle, oscula, oxalic, recoal, social, solace, vocals. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Quotations: Familiar 10. Quotations: Historic 11. Quotations: Fiction 12. Quotations: Non-fiction | 13. Quotations: Speeches 14. Usage Frequency 15. Names: Derived from 16. Names: Company Usage | 17. Expressions 18. Expressions: Internet 19. Translations: Modern 20. Translations: Ancient | 21. Bible Trace 22. Abbreviations 23. Acronyms 24. Derivations | 25. Rhymes 26. Anagrams 27. Bibliography |
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