Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Automation |
AutomationNoun1. A highly technical implementation; usually involving electronic hardware; "automation replaces human workers by machines". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "automation" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1985. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | Automation Automatic, as opposed to human, operation or control of a process, equipment or a system; or the techniques and equipment used to achieve this. Most often applied to computer (or at least electronic) control of a manufacturing process. See also design automation, office automation, manularity, Manufacturing Automation Protocol, PEARL, QBE. (1994-10-21). Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
By the middle of the 20th century, automation had existed for many years on a small scale, using mechanical devices to automate the production of simply shaped items. However the concept only became truly practical with the addition of the computer, whose flexibility allowed it to drive almost any sort of task. Computers with the required combination of power, price, and size first started to appear in the 1960s, and since then have taken over the vast majority of simple assembly line tasks (some food production/inspection being a notable exception).
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Automation."
Synonyms: AutomationSynonyms: high technology (n), high-tech (n), mechanisation (n), mechanization (n). (additional references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Movie/TV Titles | Automation (1960) Anonyme Automation (1958) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References |
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Books |
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Periodicals | |||
Music |
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High Tech |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Federal land patents preserved through the GLO Records Automation Project. Credit: Cathy Rodine. |  | Worn bindings of land transfer documents to be automated through the GLO Records Automation Project. Credit: Cathy Rodine. |
 | Speaking during groundbreaking ceremonies for the Grace M. Hopper Regional Data Automation Center, at Naval Air Station, North Island, California, 27 September 1985. Photographed by PH2 Michael Flynn. Credit: NAVY. |  | Attends groundbreaking ceremonies for the Grace M. Hopper Navy Regional Data Automation Center at Naval Air Station, North Island, California, 27 September 1985. Photographed by PH2 Michael Flynn. Credit: NAVY. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Additional research into methods of improving the accuracy and interpretation of cytologic sampling techniques, including liquid-based systems and computer automation, should be encouraged. (references) | |
Business | Other U.S. suppliers include Automation Products and AP Corporation. (references) | |
It also plans to increase automation in several sectors such as tourism, health, and education. (references) | ||
However, almost all of the control automation technology and equipment has been localized through domestic suppliers. (references) | ||
Economic History | Spain | Most of the imports are of automation components, parts and equipment. (references) |
Sweden | Other strong end-user industries are IT, industrial automation and vehicle electronics. (references) | |
Kenya | The NSE is improving its operations through the automation of its trading, clearing and settlement systems. (references) | |
Trade | Taiwan | CNS 12681/12682 covers strategic industrial, information, communications, photo-electronics and automation products. (references) |
Ukraine | Aluminum Smelter-TDA provided partial funding ($500,000) for a study on upgrading of environmental controls and automation at the Zaporozhye smelter. (references) | |
Taiwan | The park is in essence a high technology industrial zone devoted to the research and manufacture of computers, semiconductors, biotech products, telecommunications, electro-optical and automation equipment. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
John F. Kennedy | 1961-1963 | As those who leave our schools and farms demand new jobs, automation takes old jobs away. |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1963-1969 | We must modernize our unemployment insurance and establish a high-level commission on automation. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Automation" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.46% of the time. "Automation" is used about 367 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.46% | 365 | 14,817 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.54% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 367 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name | Country | Name |
| Canada | ATS Automation Tooling Systems Inc. | China | Shanghai Automation Instrumentation Co |
| Finland | JOT Automation group | Israel | Tedea Technological Development and Automation Limited |
| Singapore | Advanced Systems Automation Limited | USA | NDC Automation Inc. |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "automation": electronic Design Automation ♦ Library Automation ♦ manufacturers Automation Protocol ♦ manufacturing Automation Protocol ♦ Office Automation ♦ sales Automation ♦ sales Force Automation. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "automation": automation-oriented. | |
Ending with "automation": office-automation, task-automation. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "automation"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | automatizim (cybernation). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | تشغيل آلي, الأتمتة تحويل الشئ إلى أوتوماتيكي. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | автомат (automat, machine gun, robot, submachine gun, tommy gun, zombie). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 自动化 (automate, automated, automatise, automatize), 自動化 . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | automatizace, robot (android, robot). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | automation. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | automatisering (computerisation, to automate). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Esperanto | aŭtomatigo, aŭtomacio. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | automaatio. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | automatisation, automation. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Frisian | automatisearring. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | automatisierung, Automation. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | αυτοματοποίηση. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | אוטומטיזצי" (automatization). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | automatizálás, gépesítés (engineering, mechanization). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indonesian | keotomatisan. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | automazione. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 自動化 , オートマチック車 (autoload, auto-manipulator, automat, automatic camera for detecting and recording speeding vehicles, automatic repeat, automatic return, automatic reverse, automatic transmission car, automaton, automobile, autoracing, auto-raise, awning, ball hit over the head of an outfielder, convertible, eau de toilette, exaggeration, exceeding, going beyond, hors d'oeuvre, oatmeal, OB, ode, old boy, open, open account, open caption, open course, open game, open golf, open sandwich, open side, open system, open toaster, open-air, open-end mortgage, opener, opening, opening game, opening number, orb, orbiter, ornament, out-of-bounds, oven, oven toaster, over, over doctor, over fence, over par, overaction, overall, overblouse, overbooking, overborrowing, overcharge, overcoat, overdraft, overdrive, overdub, overflow, overhand, overhand pass, overhand throw, overhang, overhaul, overhaul net, overhead, overhead pass, overhead projector, overheat, overkill, overlap, overlay, overload, overloading, overloan, overnight, overnight bag, overnight photo service, overpace, overpresence, overproof, override, overrun, overshoes, overskill, overslide, overstep, overtime, overture, overweight, overwork, overwrite, overzone, owner, owner system, owner-driver, owner-pilot, self-locking, water of life). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | オートメーション , オートメ , じどうか. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 자동". (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | seyr-obbraghey. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | automationay automatização. (various references) automatizare. (various references) автоматизация (automatization). (various references) automatizacija (automatization). (various references) automatización. (various references) automation. (various references) otomasyon, özdevin. (various references) автоматизація (cybernation). (various references) sự tự động hoá (automatization), kỹ thuật tự động. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "automation": automations. (additional references) | |
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"Automation" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: audomation, autimation, automaation. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "automation" (pronounced ôtumā"shun) |
| 7 | -t u m ā" sh u n | estimation, intimation. |
| 6 | -u m ā" sh u n | acclimation, amalgamation, animation, approximation, consummation, defamation, exclamation, inflammation, proclamation, reclamation, summation. |
| 5 | -m ā" sh u n | affirmation, confirmation, cremation, dalmatian, deformation, disinformation, exhumation, formation, information, malformation, misinformation, reaffirmation, reconfirmation, reformation, transformation. |
| 4 | -ā" sh u n | abbreviation, abdication, aberration, abomination, abrogation, acceleration, accommodation, accreditation, accumulation, accusation, acidification, activation, adaptation, adjudication, administration, admiration, adoration, adulation, advocation, affectation, affiliation, agglomeration, aggravation, agitation, alienation, allegation, alleviation, allocation, alphabetization, alteration, altercation, amelioration, amortization, amplification, amputation, annexation, annihilation, annotation, anticipation, antidiscrimination, appellation, application, appreciation, approbation, appropriation, arbitration, argumentation, articulation, aspiration, assassination, assimilation, association, augmentation, authentication, authorization, aviation, avocation, balkanization, bifurcation, calculation, calibration, cancellation, cannibalization, capitalization, capitulation, carnation, castration, categorization, causation, celebration, centralization, certification, cessation, cetacean, characterization, citation, civilization, clarification, classification, coagulation, codification, cogeneration, cogitation, cohabitation, collaboration, collectivization, colonization, coloration, colorization, combination, commemoration, commendation, commercialization, communication, communization, compensation, compilation, complication, computation, computerization, concatenation, concentration, conciliation, condemnation, condensation, confabulation, confederation, configuration, confiscation, conflagration, confrontation, conglomeration, congratulation, congregation, conjugation, connotation, consecration, conservation, consideration, consolation, consolidation, constellation, consternation, constipation, consultation, contamination, contemplation, continuation, conversation, convocation, cooperation, coordination, coronation, corporation, correlation, corroboration, creation, criminalization, crustacean, culmination, cultivation, damnation, decaffeination, decapitation, deceleration, decentralization, decertification, declaration, decontamination, decoration, decriminalization, dedication, deflation, deforestation, degeneration, degradation, dehumanization, dehydration, deification, deinstitutionalization, delegation, deliberation, delineation, demarcation, demilitarization, demobilization, democratization, demodulation, demonization, demonstration, demoralization, denationalization, denomination, denuclearization, denunciation, depopulation, deportation, depravation, depreciation, depredation, deprivation, deregulation, derivation, desalination, desalinization, desecration, desegregation, desiccation, designation, desolation, desperation, destabilization, destination, determination, detonation, detoxication, detoxification, devaluation, devastation, deviation, dictation, differentiation, dilatation, dilation, discoloration, discontinuation, discrimination, disembarkation, disinclination, disinflation, disintegration, dislocation, disorganization, disorientation, dispensation, disputation, disqualification, dissemination, dissertation, dissipation, dissociation, distillation, diversification, divination, documentation, domestication, domination, donation, dramatization, duplication, duration, echolocation, edification, education, ejaculation, elaboration, elation, electrification, elevation, elimination, elongation, emanation, emancipation, embarkation, emigration, emulation, enumeration, equalization, equitation, equivocation, eradication, escalation, evacuation, evaluation, evaporation, evocation, exacerbation, exaggeration, examination, exasperation, excavation, excitation, excommunication, exfoliation, exhalation, exhilaration, exhortation, exoneration, expatriation, expectation, experimentation, expiration, explanation, explication, exploitation, exploration, expropriation, extermination, extrapolation, fabrication, facilitation, falsification, fascination, federation, fermentation, fertilization, fibrillation, figuration, filtration, fixation, flirtation, flotation, fluctuation, fluoridation, foliation, formulation, fortification, foundation, fragmentation, frustration, fumigation, gasification, gastrulation, generalization, generation, gentrification, germination, gestation, glaciation, globalization, glorification, gradation, graduation, granulation, gratification, gravitation, gyration, habitation, hallucination, harmonization, hesitation, hibernation, hospitalization, humiliation, hybridization, hydration, hydrogenation, hyperinflation, identification, illumination, illustration, imagination, imitation, immigration, immunization, impersonation, implantation, implementation, implication, importation, impregnation, improvisation, imputation, inactivation, inauguration, incantation, incapacitation, incarceration, incarnation, inclination, incoordination, incorporation, incrimination, incrustation, incubation, indemnification, indentation, indexation, indication, indignation, indoctrination, industrialization, infatuation, infestation, infiltration, inflation, inhabitation, inhalation, initiation, innovation, inoculation, insemination, insinuation, inspiration, installation, instigation, institutionalization, instrumentation, insubordination, insulation, integration, intensification, internationalization, interpretation, interrogation, intimidation, intonation, intoxication, inundation, invalidation, investigation, invitation, invocation, ionization, irradiation, irrigation, irritation, isolation, jubilation, justification, laceration, lactation, legalization, legislation, levitation, liberalization, liberation, libration, ligation, limitation, liquidation, litigation, localization, location, lubrication, machination, magnetization, magnification, manifestation, manipulation, marginalization, masturbation, maturation, maximization, mechanization, mediation, medication, meditation, menstruation, migration, mineralization, miniaturization, ministration, misallocation, misapplication, misappropriation, miscalculation, mischaracterization, miscommunication, miscreation, misidentification, misinterpretation, misrepresentation, mitigation, mobilization, moderation, modernization, modification, modulation, molestation, monopolization, motivation, multiplication, mummification, mutation, mutilation, narration, nation, nationalization, naturalization, navigation, negation, negotiation, neutralization, nitration, nomination, nondiscrimination, nonproliferation, normalization, notation, notification, nucleation, nullification, obfuscation, obligation, observation, occupation, operation, optimization, oration, orchestration, ordination, organisation, organization, orientation, origination, ornamentation, oscillation, ossification, ostentation, ovation, overpopulation, overregulation, overvaluation, ovulation, oxidation, pacification, pagination, palpitation, participation, pasteurization, penetration, perforation, permutation, perpetuation, personalization, personification, perspiration, perturbation, pigmentation, plantation, polarization, politicization, pollination, pontification, popularization, population, precipitation, predestination, prefabrication, premeditation, preoccupation, preparation, presentation, preservation, pressurization, privation, privatization, probation, procrastination, procreation, profanation, prognostication, proliferation, pronunciation, propagation, proration, prostration, protestation, provocation, publication, punctuation, purification, qualification, quantification, quotation, radiation, radicalization, ramification, ratification, rationalization, realization, reallocation, reauthorization, recalculation, recantation, recapitalization, recertification, recitation, reclassification, recommendation, reconciliation, reconfiguration, reconsideration, recreation, recrimination, rectification, recuperation, redecoration, rededication, reevaluation, reexamination, reflation, reforestation, refrigeration, refutation, regeneration, regimentation, registration, regulation, rehabilitation, rehydration, reincarnation, reincorporation, reinterpretation, reinvigoration, reiteration, rejuvenation, relation, relaxation, relocation, remediation, remuneration, renationalization, renegotiation, renomination, renovation, renunciation, reorganization, reparation, repatriation, replication, representation, repudiation, reputation, reregulation, reservation, resignation, respiration, restoration, resuscitation, retaliation, retardation, reunification, revaluation, revelation, reverberation, revitalization, revocation, rotation, rumination, salvation, sanctification, sanitation, saponification, saturation, securitization, sedation, sedimentation, segmentation, segregation, sensation, separation, sequestration, simplification, simulation, situation, socialization, solicitation, sophistication, specialization, specification, speculation, stabilization, stagflation, stagnation, standardization, starvation, station, sterilization, stimulation, stipulation, strangulation, subluxation, subordination, subsidization, substantiation, suburbanization, suffocation, superstation, syndication, tabulation, taxation, telecommunication, temptation, termination, titillation, toleration, transillumination, translation, transplantation, transportation, trepidation, triangulation, tribulation, undervaluation, unification, unionization, urbanization, usurpation, utilization, vacation, vaccination, vacillation, validation, valuation, vaporization, variation, vegetation, ventilation, verification, vibration, victimization, vilification, vindication, violation, visitation, visualization, vocation, vulgarization, westernization. |
| 3 | -sh u n | abduction, abolition, abortion, absolution, absorption, abstraction, academician, accession, accretion, acquisition, action, addiction, addition, admission, admonition, adoption, advection, affection, affliction, aggression, alliteration, alternation, ambition, ammunition, antiabortion, anticorruption, apparition, apportion, apprehension, ascension, ashen, assertion, assumption, attention, attraction, attribution, attrition, auction, audition, beautician, benediction, brutalization, caption, carburetion, caution, circulation, circumspection, clinician, coalition, coercion, cognition, collection, commission, commotion, compassion, competition, completion, complexion, composition, comprehension, compression, compulsion, compunction, conception, conceptualization, concession, concoction, concussion, condescension, condition, conduction, confection, confession, conjunction, connection, conniption, conscription, constitution, constriction, construction, consumption, contention, contortion, contraception, contraction, contradiction, contraption, contribution, contrition, convection, convention, conviction, convolution, convulsion, correction, corruption, counterrevolution, crucifixion, cushion, deception, decimation, decommission, decomposition, decompression, deconstruction, deduction, defection, definition, deletion, demolition, demotion, dentition, depiction, depletion, deposition, depression, dereliction, description, desertion, destitution, destruction, detection, detention, deterioration, devolution, devotion, diction, dietitian, diffraction, digression, dilution, dimension, diminution, direction, disaffection, disconnection, discretion, discussion, disinfection, disposition, disruption, dissatisfaction, dissection, dissension, dissolution, distinction, distortion, distraction, distribution, dysfunction, edition, egyptian, ejection, election, electrician, electrocution, elocution, emission, emotion, emulsion, encryption, erection, erudition, eruption, eviction, evolution, exaction, exception, excoriation, excretion, execution, exemption, exertion, exhibition, expansion, expedition, exposition, expression, expulsion, extension, extinction, extortion, extraction, extradition, faction, fashion, fiction, fission, flexion, formalization, fraction, freshen, friction, fruition, function, gentian, geriatrician, gumption, hessian, homogenization, hypertension, hypotension, ignition, impassion, imperfection, imposition, impression, inaction, inception, incineration, indiscretion, induction, infarction, infection, inflection, infliction, infraction, inhibition, injection, injunction, inquisition, inscription, insertion, inspection, institution, instruction, insurrection, interaction, interception, intercession, interconnection, interdiction, interjection, intermission, interruption, intersection, introduction, introspection, intuition, invention, junction, jurisdiction, juxtaposition, lilliputian, liposuction, liquefaction, locomotion, logician, lotion, magician, malfunction, malnutrition, mansion, martian, mathematician, mention, midsection, misapprehension, misconception, misimpression, misperception, mission, mortician, motion, munition, musician, nonaggression, nonfiction, nonprescription, notion, nutrition, objection, obsession, obstetrician, obstruction, ocean, omission, opposition, oppression, optician, option, overconsumption, overexpansion, overproduction, overprotection, overreaction, oversimplification, partition, passion, patrician, pediatrician, pension, perception, percussion, perfection, permission, persecution, petition, physician, politician, pollution, portion, position, possession, potion, precaution, precession, preconception, precondition, prediction, predilection, predisposition, preelection, preemption, preignition, premonition, prescription, presumption, presupposition, pretension, prevention, procession, production, profession, progression, prohibition, projection, promotion, proportion, proposition, propulsion, proscription, prosecution, prostitution, protection, ration, reaction, reassertion, reception, recession, recognition, recollection, recondition, reconstruction, redefinition, redemption, redirection, redistribution, reduction, reeducation, reelection, reflection, regression, reimposition, reinspection, reintegration, reintroduction, reinvention, rejection, remission, rendition, repercussion, repetition, reposition, repossession, repression, reproduction, requisition, resolution, restitution, restriction, resumption, resurrection, retention, retraction, retransmission, retribution, revolution, revulsion, rhetorician, sanction, satisfaction, secession, secretion, section, sedition, seduction, selection, session, solution, statistician, submission, subscription, subsection, substation, substitution, subtraction, succession, suction, superstition, supposition, suppression, suspension, suspicion, syncopation, tactician, technician, tension, theoretician, titian, traction, tradition, transaction, transcription, transection, transgression, transition, transmission, tuition, venetian, volition, workstation. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-a-i-m-n-o-o-t-t-u" | |
-1 letter: automaton. | |
-2 letters: antiatom, mutation. | |
-3 letters: amotion, animato, automan, manitou, ottoman, tinamou. | |
-4 letters: amount, anatto, attain, manito, manitu, mantua, mattin, motion, mouton, mutant, mutton, outman, tatami, titman, tomato. | |
-5 letters: amain, amino, amnia, amnio, anima, atman, manat, mania, manta, matin, miaou, motto, mount, muton, nomoi, notum, onium, taint, tanto, taunt, titan, toman. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-a-i-m-n-o-o-t-t-u" | |
+1 letter: automations. | |
+2 letters: nonautomatic. | |
+3 letters: accustomation, computational. | |
+4 letters: accustomations, automatization, neuroanatomist, postamputation. | |
+5 letters: automatizations, computationally, documentational, neuroanatomists. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Quotations: Non-fiction | 9. Quotations: Speeches 10. Usage Frequency 11. Names: Company Usage 12. Expressions | 13. Expressions: Internet 14. Translations: Modern 15. Derivations 16. Rhymes | 17. Anagrams 18. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
