Au

  

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Au

Definition: Au

Au

Noun

1. A soft yellow malleable ductile (trivalent and univalent) metallic element; occurs mainly as nuggets in rocks and alluvial deposits; does not react with most chemicals but is attacked by chlorine and aqua regia.

2. A unit of length used for distances within the solar system; equal to the mean distance between the Earth and the Sun (approximately 93 million miles or 150 million kilometers).

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "Au" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1374. (references)

 

Specialty Definition: Au

DomainDefinition

Computing

Au 1. The two character country code for Australia used in Internet domain names. 2. audio. (1995-02-15). Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing.

Aerospace

= astronomical unit.Abbreviation. (references)

Agriculture

Animal unit. (references)

Space

Astronomical Unit, mean Earth-to-sun distance, approximately 150,000,000 km. (references)
 Acronym for Astronomical Unit, mean distance to the Sun. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Definition: Astronomical unit

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

An astronomical unit (AU) is a unit of distance, approximately equal to the mean distance between the Earth and Sun. Earth's orbit is not a circle but an ellipse; originally, the AU was defined as the length of the semimajor axis of said orbit. For greater precision, the IAU in 1976 defined the AU as the distance from the Sun at which a particle of negligible mass, in an unperturbed orbit, would have an orbital period of 365.2568983 days (a Gaussian year). The AU is thus defined as 1.4959787066E+11mm (about 150 million kilometres).

At the time the AU was introduced, its actual value was very poorly known, but planetary distances in terms of AU could be determined from heliocentric geometry and the laws of planetary motion. Eventually the actual value of the AU was determined (approximately) from parallax observations, and more recently (and precisely) by radar. While the value of the astronomical unit is now known to great precision, the value of the mass of the Sun is not because of uncertainty in the value of the gravitational constant. Because the gravitational constant is known to only five or six significant digits while the positions of the planets are known to 11 or 12 digits, it is impossible to do calculations about the position of the planets in SI units without losing precision in the unit conversion. Therefore calculations in celestial mechanics are performed in solar masses and astronomical units rather than in kilograms and kilometers.

Examples

Some approximate conversion factors:

See also: parsec and light year, conversion of units, orders of magnitude

External link

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Au

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

The abbreviation Au or AU may refer to:

Place names:

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Au."

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Au file format

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Au file format is a simple audio file format that consists of a header of 6 32-bit words and then the data. The format was introduced by Sun Microsystems.

32 bit wordfielddescription/ content
0magic numberthe value 0x2e736e64 (four ASCII characters ".snd")
1data offset the offset to the data in bytes. The minimum valid number is 24 (decimal).
2data sizedata size in bytes. If unknown, the value 0xffffffff should be used.
3encodingData encoding format: 1=8-bit ISDN u-law, 2=8-bit linear PCM [REF-PCM], 3=16-bit linear PCM, 4=24-bit linear PCM, 5=32-bit linear PCM, 6=32-bit IEEE floating point, 7=64-bit IEEE floating point, 23=8-bit ISDN u-law compressed using the UIT-T G.721 ADPCM voice data encoding scheme.
4sample ratethe number of samples/second (e.g., 8000)
5channelsthe number of interleaved channels (e.g., 1 for mono, 2 for stereo)

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Au file format."

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Gold

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

General
Name, Symbol, NumberGold, Au, 79
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block11 (IB), 6 , d
Density, Hardness 19300 kg/m3, 2.5
Appearance Metallic yellow
Atomic Properties
Atomic weight 196.96655 amu
Atomic radius (calc.) 135 (174) pm
Covalent radius 144 pm
van der Waals radius 166 pm
Electron configuration [Xe]44f14 5d10 6s1
e- 's per energy level2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1
Oxidation states (Oxide) 3, 1 (amphoteric)
Crystal structure Cubic face centered
Physical Properties
State of matter solid (__)
Melting point 1337.33 K (1947.52 °F)
Boiling point 3129 K (5173 °F)
Molar volume 10.21 ×1010-3 m3/mol
Heat of vaporization 334.4 kJ/mol
Heat of fusion 12.55 kJ/mol
Vapor pressure 0.000237 Pa at 1337 K
Speed of sound 1740 m/s at 293.15 K
Miscellaneous
Electronegativity 2.54 (Pauling scale)
Specific heat capacity 128 J/(kg*K)
Electrical conductivity 45.2 106/m ohm
Thermal conductivity 317 W/(m*K)
1st ionization potential 890.1 kJ/mol
2nd ionization potential 1980 kJ/mol
Most Stable Isotopes
isoNALongest t½ is 186.09 d (Au-195)
197Au100%Au is stable with 118 neutrons
SI units & STP are used except where noted.
Gold is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Au (L. aurum) and atomic number 79. A soft, shiny, yellow, heavy, malleable, ductile (trivalent and univalent) transition metal, gold does not react with most chemicals but is attacked by chlorine and aqua regia. The metal occurs mainly uncombined as nuggets in rocks and alluvial deposits and is one of the coinage metals. Gold is used as a monetary standard for many nations and is also used in jewelry, dentistry, and in electronics.

Notable characteristics

Gold is a metallic element that exhibits a yellow color en mass but can be black, ruby, or purple when finely divided. It is arguably the most beautiful of all the elements and is the most malleable and ductile metal known. In fact, 1 oz. of gold can be hammered into a sheet that covers 300 square feet. A soft metal, gold is often alloyed with other metals to give it more strength.

Gold is also a good conductor of heat and electricity and is not affected by air and most reagents. It is quite chemically unalterable by heat, moisture, and most corrosive agents and therefore is well suited for its use in coin and jewelry.

The color of solid gold as well as of the intensely colored, often purple, colloidal solutions that can be made from it is caused by the fact that the plasmon frequency of this element lies in the visible range, which causes red and yellow light to be reflected and blue light to be absorbed. Native gold contains usually eight to ten per cent silver, but often much more. As the amount of silver increases, the color becomes whiter and the specific gravity lower.

Alloys with copper yield a redder metal, alloys with iron are green, aluminum alloys are purple. Jewelry made with combinations of colored gold is sold in the western United States to the tourist trade as Black Hills gold.

Common oxidation states of gold include +1 and +3.

Applications

Pure gold is too soft for ordinary use and is hardened by alloying with silver and copper. Gold and its many alloys are most often used in jewelry, coinage and as a standard for monetary exchange in many countries. Because of its superior electrical conductivity and resistance to corrosion and other desirable combinations of physical and chemical properties, gold also emerged in the late 20th century as an essential industrial metal. Other uses;

Since it is a good reflector of both infrared and is inert light, it is used for the protective coatings on many artificial satellites.

History

Gold (Sanskrit Jval; Anglo-Saxon gold; Latin aurum all meaning "gold") has been known and highly valued since ancient times. Egyptian hieroglyphs from 2600 BC describe the metal and gold is mentioned several times in the Old Testament.

Gold has long been considered one of the most precious metals, and its value has been used as the standard for many currencies (known as the gold standard) in history. Gold has been used as a symbol for purity, value, royalty, and particularly roles that combine these properties (see gold album).

The primary goal of the alchemists was to produce gold from other substances, such as lead - Though they were never successful at this attempt, the alchemists promoted an interest in what can be done with substances, and this laid a foundation for today's chemistry. Many competitions award a gold medal to the winner, silver to the second-place finisher, and bronze to the third. The largest gold depository in the world is the U.S. Federal Reserve Bank.

Value

Like other precious metals, gold is measured by troy weight and when it is alloyed with other metals the term carat is used to indicate the amount of gold present with 24 carats being pure gold.

Historical gold was used to back currency in a system known as the gold standard in which one unit of currency was equivalent to a certain amount of gold.

For a very long time the value of gold was set by the United States at $20.67 per troy ounce but in 1934 the value of gold was fixed at $35.00 per troy ounce. Because of a gold crisis, on March 17, 1968, a two-tiered pricing scheme was established whereby gold was still used to settle international accounts at the old $35.00 per troy ounce but the price of gold on the private market was allowed to fluctuate, this two-tiered pricing system was abandoned in 1975 when the price of gold was allowed to fluctuate. Since 1968 the price of gold on the open market has widely fluctuated reaching $620/troy oz. in January 1980 but later dropped to $410/troy oz by January 1990.

Because of its use as a reserve store of value, the possession of gold is sometimes restricted or banned. Within the United States, the private possession of gold except as jewelry and coin collecting was banned between 1933 and 1975.

As a tangible investment gold is often held as part of a portfolio because over the long term gold has an extensive history of maintaining its value. However, gold becomes particularly desirable in times of extremely weak confidence and during hyperinflation because gold maintains its value even as fiat money becomes worthless.

Futures contracts based on gold currently trade on the COMEX (Commodity Exchange) which is a subsidiary of the New York Mercantile Exchange. Speculation about the future price of gold is carried on here.

Occurrence

Due to its relative chemical inertness, gold often is found as the native metal, occasionally as large nuggets, but usually as minute flakes in some minerals, quartz veins, slate, metamorphic rocks and in alluvial deposits that originated from these sources. Gold is widely distributed, is very often associated with the minerals quartz or pyrite and is combined with tellurium in the minerals petzite, calaverite and sylvanite. Gold is extracted from alluvium by techniques of placer mining. South Africa is the source for about two-thirds of the world's gold supply (mines in South Dakota and Nevada supply two-thirds of gold used in the United States).

Gold is extracted from ores through the use of cyanide, amalgam, and smelting. Refining of the metal is frequently accomplished by electrolysis. This metal occurs in sea water at 0.1 to 2 mg/ton depending on sample location. However, there is no profitable method for recovering gold from sea water yet.

Although gold is important to industry and the arts, it also retains a unique status among all commodities as a long-term store of value. It has been estimated that all the gold in the world that has ever been refined could form a single cube 20 m (60 ft) on a side.

Compounds

Auric chloride (AuCl3) and chlorauric acid (HAuClAuCl4) are the most common compounds of gold. Although gold is a noble metal it can form many compounds

Isotopes

There is only one stable isotope of gold, and 18 radioisotopes with Au-195 being the most stable with a half-life of 186 days.

Precautions

The human body does not absorb this metal well and compounds of gold are not normally very toxic. Liver and kidney damage has, however, been reported for up to 50% of arthritis patients treated with gold-containing drugs.

External links

Gold is also a color, a shade of yellow.
    
In the music industry, Gold is a certification for a certain number of units shipped. In the US, it is awarded by the RIAA (see RIAA certification) and stands for 500,000 records sold.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Gold."

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ISO 3166-2:AU

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

ISO 3166-2 codes for Australia describe 6 States and 2 Territories. The first part is the ISO 3166-1 code AU for Australia, the second part of the code is two-digit-alphabetic. The purpose of this family of standards is to establish a worldwide series of short abbreviations for places, for use on package labels, containers and such. Anywhere where a short alphanumeric code can serve to clearly indicate a location in a more convenient and less ambiguous form than the full place name. US readers may wish to consider them as the equivalent of worldwide zip or postal codes. Within the Wikipedia, the codes from the country pages link to the pages for the locations they identify.

Encoding list

States

AU-NS New South Wales
AU-QL Queensland
AU-SA South Australia
AU-TS Tasmania
AU-VI Victoria
AU-WA Western Australia

Territories

AU-CT Australian Capital Territory
AU-NT Northern Territory

Decoding list

AU-CT Australian Capital Territory
AU-NS New South Wales
AU-NT Northern Territory
AU-QL Queensland
AU-SA South Australia
AU-TS Tasmania
AU-VI Victoria
AU-WA Western Australia

See also

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List of people by name: Au

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

List of people by name: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z Aa - Ab - Ac - Ad - Ae - Af - Ag - Ah - Ai - Aj - Ak - Al - Am - An - Ao - Ap - Aq - Ar - As - At - Au - Av - Aw - Ax - Ay - Az

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Silver

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

General
Name, Symbol, NumberSilver, Ag, 47
Chemical series Transition metals
Group, Period, Block11, 5 , d
Density, Hardness 10490 kg/m3, 2.5
Appearance Silvery
Atomic Properties
Atomic weight 107.8682 amu
Atomic radius (calc.) 160 (165) pm
Covalent radius 153 pm
van der Waals radius 172 pm
Electron configuration [Kr]4d4d10 5s1
e- 's per energy level2, 8, 18, 18, 1
Oxidation state (Oxide) 1 (amphoteric)
Crystal structure Face centered cubic
Physical Properties
State of matter Solid (__)
Melting point 1234.93 K (1763.2 °F)
Boiling point 2435 K (3924 °F)
Molar volume 10.27 ×1010-3 m3/mol
Heat of vaporization 250 .58 kJ/mol
Heat of fusion 11.3 kJ/mol
Vapor pressure 0.34 Pa at 1234 K
Speed of sound 2600 m/s at 293.15 K
Miscellaneous
Electronegativity 1.93 (Pauling scale)
Specific heat capacity 232 J/(kg*K)
Electrical conductivity 63 106/m ohm
Thermal conductivity 429 W/(m*K)
1st ionization potential 731.0 kJ/mol
2nd ionization potential 2070 kJ/mol
3rd ionization potential 3361 kJ/mol
Most Stable Isotopes
isoNAhalf-life DMDE MeVDP
107Ag51.839%Ag is stable with 60 neutrons
108Agm{syn.}418 y&epsilon
IT		2.027
0.109		108Pd
 
109Ag48.161%Ag is stable with 62 neutrons
SI units & STP are used except where noted.
Silver is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Ag and atomic number 47. A soft white lustrous transition metal, silver has the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal and occurs in minerals and in free form. This metal is used in coins, jewelry, tableware and photography.

Notable Characteristics

Silver is a very ductile and malleable (slightly harder than gold) univalent coinage metal with a brilliant white metallic luster that can take a high degree of polish. It has the highest electrical conductivity of all metals, even higher than copper, but its greater cost has prevented it from being widely used in place of copper for electrical purposes.

Pure silver also has the highest thermal conductivity, whitest color, the highest optical reflectivity (although it is a poor reflector of ultraviolet), and the lowest contact resistance of any metal. Silver halides are photosensitive and are remarkable for the effect of light upon them. This metal is stable in pure air and water, but does tarnish when it is exposed to ozone, hydrogen sulfide, or air with sulfur in it. The most common oxidation states of silver are +1 and +2.

Applications

The principal use of silver is as a precious metal and its halide salts, especially silver nitrate, are also widely used in photography (which is the largest single end use of silver). Some other uses for silver are as follows;

History

Silver (Anglo-Saxon, Seolfor siolfur; Ag is from the Latin argentum) has been known since ancient times. It is mentioned in the book of Genesis and slag heaps found in Asia Minor and on the islands of the Aegean Sea indicate that silver was being separated from lead as early as the 4th millennium BC.

Silver has been used for thousands of years as ornaments and utensils, for trade, and as the basis for many monetary systems. It was long considered the second most precious metal, second only to gold.

Associated with the moon, as well as with the sea and various lunar goddesses, the metal was referred to by alchemists by the name luna. The alchemical symbol for silver is a half-moon with the open part on the left.

The metal mercury was thought of as a kind of silver, though the two elements are chemically unrelated; its names hydrargyrum ("watery silver") and the English quicksilver attest to this.

In heraldry, the colour white is referred to as argent, as it represents silver.

Europeans, found huge amount of silver in the New World, in Zacatecas, Mexico and Potosí, which triggered a period of inflation in Europe.

The Rio de la Plata was named after silver (in Spanish, plata), and in turn lent the meaning of its name to Argentina.

Occurrence

Silver is found in native form, combined with sulfur, arsenic, antimony, or chlorine and in various ores such as argentite (Ag2S) and horn silver (AgCl). The principal sources of silver are copper, copper-nickel, gold, lead and lead-zinc ores obtained from Canada, Mexico, Peru, and the United States.

This metal is also produced during the electrolytic refining of copper. Commercial grade fine silver is at least 99.9% pure silver and purities greater than 99.999% are available.

Isotopes

Naturally occurring silver is composed of the two stable isotopes Ag-107 and Ag-109 with Ag-107 being the most abundant (51.839% natural abundance). Twenty-eight radioisotopes have been characterized with the most stable being Ag-105 with a half-life of 41.29 days, Ag-111 with a half-life of 7.45 days, and Ag-112 with a half-life of 3.13 hours. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lifes that are less than an hour and the majority of these have half lifes that are less than 3 minutes. This element also has numerous meta states with the most stable being Agm-128 (t* 418 years), Agm-110 (t* 249.79 days) and Agm-107 (t* 8.28 days).

Isotopes of silver range in atomic weight from 93.943 amu (Ag-94) to 123.929 amu (Ag-124). The primary decay mode before the most abundant stable isotope, Ag-107, is electron capture and the primary mode after is beta decay. The primary decay products before Ag-107 are palladium (element 46) isotopes and the primary products after are cadmium (element 48) isotopes.

The palladium isotope Pd-107 decays by beta emission to Ag-107 with a half-life of 6.5 million years. Iron meteorites are the only objects with a high enough Pd/Ag ratio to yield measurable variations in Ag-107 abundance. Radiogenic Ag-107 was first discovered in the Santa Clara meteorite in 1978. The discoverers suggest that the coalescence and differentiation of iron-cored small planets may have occurred 10 million years after a nucleosynthetic event. Pd-107 versus Ag correlations observed in bodies, which have clearly been melted since the accretion of the solar system, must reflect the presence of live short-lived nuclides in the early solar system.

Precautions and health effects

Silver itself is not toxic but most of its salts are poisonous and may be carcinogenic.

Compounds containing silver can be absorbed into the circulatory system and become deposited in various body tissues leading to the condition called argyria which results in a permanent grayish pigmentation of the skin and mucus membranes. Although this condition does not harm a person's health, it is disfiguring.

This metal plays no natural biological role in humans.

The possible health effects of silver are a subject of dispute. Silver has germicidal effects and kills many microbial organisms in vitro without causing noticeable harm to more complex life-forms. Hippocrates, the father of modern medicine, wrote that silver had beneficial healing and anti-disease properties. Various kinds of silver compounds are sold as remedies for a variety of diseases. However, no clinical study has yet demonstrated a therapeutic use for silver as an antibiotic in vivo. Ingestion of silver compounds can lead to argyria.

Silver compounds are used to accelerate healing in burn victims. According to Dr. Robert O. Becker, they can promote the healing of bones as well.

Silver is used in along with copper as an agent to remove algae in swimming pools in the United States by use of electrolysis. Copper is active against algae while silver is active against bacteria primarily due to silver's activity in absorption of oxygen causing bacteria to oxidize on contact. Some swimming pools do not use silver due to staining problems so they instead used copper - zinc colloids instead.

Production

Mexico is the largest silver producer. According to the Secretary of Economics of Mexico, it has produced in 2000, 2747 tons, about 15% of the annual production of the world.

External Links

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Abbreviations & Acronyms: Au

The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted.
EntrySourceExpressionField

AU

DanishAustralienGeography

AU

DutchAustraliëGeography

AU

EnglishAnimal unitFood & Agriculture, Meteorology & Standards

AU

FinnishAustralian liittovaltioGeography

AU

FrenchAgent d'usagerComputing

AU

GreekΑυστραλίαGeography

AU

ItalianUnità gestionaleComputing

AU

PortugueseAustráliaGeography

AU

SpanishUnidad de accesoComputing

AU

SwedishAustraliska statsförbundetGeography
AU,USA:EurodicautomEnglishAuthorComputing, Language
AU,USA:EurodicautomGermanAutorComputing, Language

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Synonyms: Au

Synonyms: atomic number 79 (n), gold (n). (additional references)

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Synonyms within Context: Au

ContextSynonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).

Length

Astronomical unit, AU, light-year, parsec.

Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

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Crosswords: Au

English words defined with "Au": abreast of, au courant, au fait, au pair girl ♦ heliopause ♦ up on. (references)
Specialty definitions using "Au": acting marshall in admiralty, Au Grand Sérieux ♦ Bannière, Boucan ♦ Carabas, Chauvin, Cry Vinegar, cuddle bone, cue girl ♦ Go along with You, Gold Radioisotopes ♦ HOLMES, home health aide ♦ Ill Wind, incomplete pass, infection control nurse, in-training examen ♦ Jenny l'Ouvrieere ♦ Kuiper belt ♦ low net ♦ Marriages are Made in Heaven, Martine ♦ Olia Podrida, O'lio ♦ PATTI, Pied de la Lettre, Pot of Hospitality, Pot-luck, proprietary information ♦ rolling frame, Rope-walk ♦ siderophile, sit-up, staff employee, Stafford, Stone Soup ♦ turbo-charger ♦ Violon' ♦ Wing, Wings ♦ Yellow-boy. (references)
Etymologies containing "Au": Tac-au-tac. (references)
Non-English Usage: "Au" is also a word in the following languages with English translations in parentheses.

Afrikaan (ouch, ow), Albanian (yow), Dutch (ouch, ow), French (at the, on the, to the, with the), French Canadian (at the, to), German (fallen a part, Lea), Portuguese (Au, aurum, Australia, Commonwealth of Australia, E175, gold, pigment metal 3), Romanian (ah, ouch), Samoan (team), Swahili (or), Tahitian (I, me, to be suitable, to seem), Welsh (liver).

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Modern Usage: Au

DomainUsage

Screenplays

Potatoes au gratin (City Slickers; writing credit: Lowell Ganz; Babaloo Mandel)

Au contraire, mon freres (Van Wilder; writing credit: Brent Goldberg; David Wagner)

Wilkommen, bienvenue, welcome in cabaret, au cabaret, to cabaret (Cabaret; writing credit: Christopher Isherwood; John Van Druten)

Lyrics

Au lait (Lady Marmalade; performing artist: Christina Aguilera)

Color cafe au lait, alright (Lady Marmalade; performing artist: Christina Aguilera)

Au fond de mon regard (Someone I love, Someone who loves me; performing artist: Dion)

Au lever du soleil (Humana; performing artist: Fabian)

Left my throat warm in the dorm room at the AU (So Fresh, So Clean; performing artist: Outkast)

Movie/TV Titles

Mort au jury (1974)

René Simard au Japon (1974)

Pris au collet (1974)

L' Homme au contrat (1974)

La Moutarde me monte au nez (1974)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Commercial Usage: Au

DomainTitle

References

  • Du Pareil au Meme: International Competitive Benchmarks and Financial Gap Analysis (reference)

    (more reference examples)

  

Books

  • Au Bonheur Des Dames (The Ladies' Delight): The Ladies' Delight (Penguin Classics) (reference)

  • Au Contraire! Figuring Out The French (reference)

  • Do Try to Speak As We Do: The Diary of an American Au Pair (reference)

  • LA Naissance Du Chevalier Au Cygne (reference)

  • On the Ceiling: Au Plafond (reference)

    (more book examples)

  

Periodicals

  

Theater & Movies

  

Music

  

Consumer Goods

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Image Slideshow: Au

Photos:
Au

More pictures...

Illustrations:
Au

More pictures...

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Photo Album: Au

ThumbnailDescription & CreditThumbnailDescription & Credit

Point Au Fer after restoration. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center.

David Burkholder, project manager, Lake Chapeau. The image is taken at Point Au Fer from west to east at the breach area. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center.

In: "Voyage au pole sud et dans l'Oceanie ....." by the French ships ASTROLABE and ZELEE under the command of Dumont D'Urville. Library Call Number Q115 .D9 1842. Credit: Treasures of the Library.

Frontispiece to: "Voyage au pole sud et dans l'Oceanie ....." by the French ships ASTROLABE and ZELEE under the command of Dumont D'Urville. Library Call Number Q115 .D9 1842. Credit: Treasures of the Library.

Au laboratoire municiple / J.F. Gueldry. Credit: National Library of Medicine.

Une Salle de L'Hotel-Dieu au XVI Siècle. Credit: National Library of Medicine.

Au revoir! I'll keep up with you just the same!. Credit: Library of Congress.

Cafe au lait, or Cotton Club dancer. Credit: Library of Congress.

Direction général des travaux publics. Route 35, P. au. P. Pétionville après les améliorations. Credit: Library of Congress.

Les corvettes au mouillage de Nouka-Hiva / dessiné par Le Breto ; lith. par Mayer. Credit: Library of Congress.

Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

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Digital Photo Gallery: Au
 

"The Waiting Statues@NY Port Au" by Ariel C.
Commentary: "The Waiting Statues@NY Port Authority-Closeup."		"Walking the bass" by Kate Wheeler
Commentary: "This bass guitar is called "the bird". it came from a church in Atlanta GA and now lives in Sydney AU. aint it gorgeous!."

Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers.

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Historic Usage: Au

AuthorDateQuotation

Treaty of Versailles

1919

See Introduction: passing south of the island of Alsen and following the median line of Flensburg Fjord, leaving the fjord about 6 kilometres north of Flensburg and following the course of the stream flowing past Kupfermuhle upstream to a point north of Niehuus, passing north of Pattburg and Ellund and south of Froslee to meet the eastern boundary of the Kreis of Tondern at its junction with the boundary between the old jurisdiction of Slogs and Kjaer (Slogs, Herred, and Kaer Herred), following the latter boundary to where it meets the Scheidebek, following the course of the Scheidebek (AIte Au), Suder Au, and Wied Au downstream successively to the point where the latter bends northwards about 1,500 metres west of Ruttebull thence, in a west-north-westerly direction to meet the North Sea north of SieItoft, thence, passing north of the island of Sylt, the vote above provided for shall be taken within a period not exceeding three weeks after the evacuation of the country by the German troops and authorities. (reference)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Use in Literature: Au

TitleAuthorQuote

Les Miserables

Hugo, Victor

He had entered on account of (r)Carpe Horas, and he returned on account of (r)Carpes au Gras

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Non-Fiction Usage: Au

SubjectTopicQuote

Health

Other skin features that are not unique to individuals with TSC, including molluscum fibrosum or skin tags, which typically occur across the back of the neck and shoulders, café au lait spots or flat brown marks, and poliosis, a tuft or patch of white hair that may appear on the scalp or eyelids. (references)

Business

AU already successfully operates chains in the United Kingdom; Italy; and Switzerland, and following the recent lifting of chain prohibition in Ireland, the Czech Republic and Netherlands, Harris is positive that the bans will also be lifted in other Scandinavian and European countries in the near future. (references)

Thus, Phoenix purchased a 34% share of Finnish pharmaceutical wholesaler Tamro, and British Alliance Unichem (AU) acquired a 10% share in Anzag and a 2% share in Sanacorp, making it second in profits after Stuttgart-based Gehe AG. AU CEO Jefferey Harris confirmed in a recent interview with German economic daily “Handelsblatt” to use each and every opportunity to purchase pharmacy chains. (references)

Civil Liberties

Germany

The ruling remained under appeal by the State Labor Office at year's end, and the au pair agency continued operations. (references)

Germany

In a well-publicized court case in January 1999, a higher social court in Rheinland-Pfalz ruled that a Scientologist was allowed to run her au pair agency, for which the State Labor Ministry had refused to renew her license in 1994 because of her membership in the Church of Scientology. (references)

Economic History

Chile

Most franchises now in Chile focus on the fast-food sector, including McDonald's, Au Bon Pain, Domino's Pizza, Pizza Hut, Taco Bell, Kentucky Fried Chicken and Burger King. (references)

Human Rights

Chad

In 2000 the president of the political party Mouvement pour la Democratie au Chad reported to human rights groups that his telephone line continued to be tapped. (references)

Political Economy

HAITI

The DGI has organized a large taxpayers' unit which focuses on identifying and collecting the tax liabilities of the 200 largest corporate and individual taxpayers in the Port au Prince area, which are estimated to represent over 80 percent of potential income tax revenue. (references)

Worker Rights

Slovak Republic

There also were reports that Slovak women were trafficked to Western Europe with promises of work as models, waitresses, and au pairs. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits.

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Usage Frequency: Au

"Au" is generally used as a noun (common) -- approximately 46.55% of the time. "Au" is used about 333 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words		Rank in English
Noun (common)46.55%15525,240
Unclassified Items39.34%13127,855
Noun (singular)13.81%4650,285
Noun (proper)0.3%1339,140
                    Total100.00%333N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Name Usage Frequency: Au

The following table summarizes the usage of "Au" based on a population census conducted in the United States. Ranks and frequencies are based on all names reported and classified.
NameUsage/GenderUsage per 100
million Persons		Rank in USA
AuLast name1,00011,417
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Usage in Company Names: Au

CountryNameCountryName
France

Du Pareil au Meme

Taiwan

AU Optronics Corp.

 (more examples...)  

Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.

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Expressions: Au

Expressions using "Au": au AgTe2 ♦ au bade ♦ au bon droit ♦ au bout de son Latin ♦ au bout du compt ♦ au contraire ♦ au courant ♦ au desespoir ♦ au fait ♦ au fond ♦ Au gratin ♦ au Gres ♦ au naturel ♦ au pair ♦ au pair girl ♦ Au revoir ♦ au revoir! ♦ au Sable ♦ au Sable Chasm ♦ au Sable Forks ♦ au Train ♦ avoir le diable au corps ♦ baba au rhum ♦ cafe au lait ♦ Commission des Communautés Européennes,Bureau au Luxembourg ♦ coq au vin ♦ du fort au diable ♦ du sublime au ridicule il n'y a qu'un pas ♦ Isle Au Haut ♦ le pot au lait ♦ marché au comptant ♦ prendre la balle au bond ♦ rompre l'anguille au genou ♦ steak au poivre ♦ take au serieux ♦ tout au contraire ♦ vouloir rompre l'anguille au genou. Additional references.

Hyphenated Usage

Beginning with "Au": Au-as-sb, Au-austria, au-pair, au-pairing, au-vents.

Ending with "Au": port-au.

Containing "Au": vol-au-vent, vol-au-vents.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Au

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day		ExpressionFrequency
per Day

au pair

1,388

au naturel

45

au

760

au gratin potato recipe

41

au bon pain

280

au foyer gaz

40

port au prince haiti

232

au lasik traitement

40

au pair agency

115

au hk

40

au gratin potato

99

au majordomo

40

au natural

77

isle au haut

37

au edit en sfs status

67

au auto.search.msn.com auto.search.msn.com auto.search.msn.com auto.search.msn.com epb.com.pk

37

port au prince

66

au revoir

37

au sable

65

cafe au lait

37

au courant

63

au pair usa

35

au pair in america

62

au cuisiner gaz

32

au gre michigan

60

au caribou chasse

32

au sable fork ny

53

appareils au gaz

32

au chirurgie laser

51

ebay au

32

cafe au lait spot

51

au company contact email in

30

au pair job

49

au movie pair

29

au avec contact le public

48

au pair uk

29

coq au vin

48

au camping quebec

28

au file

46

america au pair

27
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translation: Au

Language Translations for "Au"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Albanian

  

ndihmës i nikoqirës (au pair), mirupafshim (adieu, au revoir, bye, bye bye, good buy, good bye, so long). (various references)

   

Arabic 

  

‏على علم (au courant, informed), ‏أغنية (au bade, song, vocal). (various references)

   

Bulgarian 

  

срещу услуги (au pair), довиждане (au revoir, cheerio, good bye, so long, ta-ta). (various references)

   

Chinese 

  

金 (jin, Kim). (various references)

   

Danish

  

Au (aurum, Australia, Commonwealth of Australia, gold, pigment metal 3), pigment metal 3 (aurum, gold, pigment metal 3), guld (gold), E175 (aurum, gold, pigment metal 3). (various references)

   

Dutch

  

Aurum (aurum, gold, pigment metal 3), Au (ouch, ow), pigmentmetaal 3 (aurum, gold, pigment metal 3), goud (gold), E175 (aurum, gold, pigment metal 3). (various references)

   

Finnish

  

kulta (darling, gold, sweetheart), E 175 (aurum, E175, gold, pigment metal 3). (various references)

   

French

  

aurum (aurum), Au (aurum, Australia, Australia-ISO code, automobile, Commonwealth of Australia), pigment métallique 3 (aurum), or (aurum), E175 (aurum). (various references)

   

German

  

Aurum (aurum, E175, gold, pigment metal 3), Au (fallen a part, Lea), pigment metal 3 (aurum, E175, gold, pigment metal 3), Gold (gold, or), E175 (aurum, E175, gold, pigment metal 3). (various references)

   

Greek 

  

Ε175 (aurum, E175, gold, pigment metal 3), χρυσός (bullion, gold). (various references)

   

Hebrew 

  

מעודכן (au courant, up to date, updated), להתראות (adieu, au revoir, be seen, cheerio, farewell, good bye, meet, so long). (various references)

   

Hungarian

  

au pairként dolgozik külföldi családnál (au pair), au pair (au pair), viszontlátásra (adieu, au revoir, bye, bye bye, cheerio, farewell, good bye, goodbye, so long), viszont szolgáltatás fejében (au pair). (various references)

   

Italian

  

aurum (aurum, E175, gold, pigment metal 3), Au (administrative unit, aurum, Australia, Commonwealth of Australia, E175, gold, pigment metal 3), pigmento metallico 3 (aurum, E175, gold, pigment metal 3), oro (gold), E175 (aurum, E175, gold, pigment metal 3). (various references)

   

Japanese Kanji 

  

オープン投信 (au pair, au pair girl, oboe, Ohm, open investment trust, open tournament), オールトの雲 (all back, all locations, all pass, all risks, all-night, all-purpose, all-round, all-round player, almighty, au revoir, aurora, euthanasia, good by, OAPEC, oasis, Oedipus, old boy, old fan, Old Guard, old maid, Old Parr, old power, old-fashioned, old-timer, Oort's cloud, Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, Orlon, oyster), カバー曲 (black coffee, Cabala, cafe, cafe a la creme, cafe au lait, cafe bar, cafe cabaret, cafe royal, cafeteria, caffeine, capital, cappuccino, capriccio, capsule, capsule hotel, cavalier, coupler, coverage, cub, cub scout, cuff links, cuffs, expresso coffee, Kabbalah, Kabul, Neapolitan coffee, Qabalah, remake of another artist's song, sidewalk cafe). (various references)

   

Japanese Katakana 

  

オーペアガール (au pair girl), オーペア (au pair), オールボアール (au revoir, good by), カフェオレ (cafe au lait). (various references)

   

Korean 

  

금 (gold). (various references)

   

Manx

  

heose rish (au fait, up to date). (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

auay.(various references)

   

Portuguese

  

Aurum (aurum, E175, gold, pigment metal 3), Au (aurum, Australia, Commonwealth of Australia, E175, gold, pigment metal 3), pigmento metalico 3 (aurum, E175, gold, pigment metal 3), ouro (gold, plate), E175 (aurum, E175, gold, pigment metal 3). (various references)

   

Romanian

  

sã ne vedem sãnãtoşi (au revoir, I hope soon to see you again, see you again, till next time, till we meet again). (various references)

   

Russian 

  

ромовый баба (baba au rhum), порт-о-принс (port au prince, port-au-prince), помощница по хозяйству (au pair), до свидания (au revoir, good bye, goodby, good-by, good-bye, so long, tata). (various references)

   

Serbo-Croatian

  

doviđenja (au revoir, good bye). (various references)

   

Spanish

  

Aurum (aurum, E175, gold, pigment metal 3), Au (access unit, aurum, Australia, Commonwealth of Australia, E175, gold, pigment metal 3), pigment metal 3 (aurum, E175, gold, pigment metal 3), oro (gold), E175 (aurum, E175, gold, pigment metal 3). (various references)

   

Swedish

  

Aurum (aurum, E175, gold, pigment metal 3), Au (aurum, Australia, Commonwealth of Australia, E175, gold, pigment metal 3), pigment metal 3 (aurum, E175, gold, pigment metal 3), guld (gold, yellow dirt, yellow metal), E 175 (aurum, E175, gold, pigment metal 3). (various references)

   

Turkish

  

allahaısmarladık (adieu, au revoir, good bye, goodbye), aslında (actually, at bottom, at heart, au fond, basically, essentially, in fact, in first place, in itself, in reality, in sober fact, in very deed, indeed, originally, primarily, really, substantially, verily, virtually), ev işleri yaparak aile yanında kalan kız (au pair girl), çocuğa bakarak aile yanında kalmak (au pair), çocuk bakımı yaparak (au pair), bilen (au fait, cognizant, conversant, knowing, recognizant), çocuğa bakarak aile yanında kalan kız (au pair girl), ev işleri yaparak (au pair), rendelenmiş peynirle pişirilen (au gratin), ev işleri yaparak aile yanında kalmak (au pair), görüşmek üzere (au revoir), güle güle (au revoir, ave, bye bye, farewell, good bye, goodbye, take care, take care of yourself), haberdar (au fait, aware, cognizant, hip, informed, knowing, on to), haberi olan (au fait, informed, knowing, wise), ograten (au gratin), esasen (au fond, essentially, fundamentally, radically, substantially). (various references)

   

Ukrainian

  

у натуральному вигляді (au naturel), голим (au naturel), навпаки (au contraire, backward, backwards, contra, contrariwise, conversely, in reverse, on the contrary, over against, topsy turvy, vice versa), до побачення (au revoir, good afternoon, good bye, good evening, see you soon, so long). (various references)

   

Vietnamese 

  

chào tạm biệt (au revoir). (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Derivations: Au

Derivations

Words beginning with "Au": aubade, aubades, auberge, auberges, aubergine, aubergines, aubretia, aubretias, aubrieta, aubrietas, auburn, auburns, auction, auctioned, auctioneer, auctioneers, auctioning, auctions, auctorial, aucuba, aucubas, audacious, audaciously, audaciousness, audaciousnesses, audacities, audacity, audad, audads, audial, audibilities, audibility, audible, audibles, audibly, audience, audiences, audient, audients, audile, audiles, auding, audings, audio, audiobook, audiobooks, audiocassette, audiocassettes, audiogenic, audiogram, audiograms. (additional references)

Words ending with "Au": aboideau, aboiteau, bandeau, bateau, batteau, beau, bordereau, bureau, chapeau, chateau, coteau, couteau, eau, eisteddfodau, fabliau, flambeau, fricandeau, gateau, hausfrau, jambeau, landau, luau, manteau, morceau, nilgau, nilghau, nouveau, nylghau, pilau, plateau, portmanteau, prau, reseau, rondeau, rouleau, rousseau, sau, tableau, tamarau, tau, timarau, tonneau, trousseau, trumeau, unau, vau, williwau. (additional references)

Words containing "Au": ablaut, ablauts, aboideaus, aboideaux, aboiteaus, aboiteaux, acaudal, acaudate, acaulescent, acauline, acaulose, acaulous, aeronaut, aeronautic, aeronautical, aeronautically, aeronautics, aeronauts, allosaurus, allosauruses, amauroses, amaurosis, amaurotic, ankylosaur, ankylosaurs, ankylosaurus, ankylosauruses, antiauthoritarian, antiauthoritarianism, antiauthoritarianisms, antiauthority, antiauxin, antiauxins, antibureaucratic, antifraud, antinausea, apatosaurus, apatosauruses, applaud, applaudable, applaudably, applauded, applauder, applauders, applauding, applauds, applause, applauses, applesauce, applesauces, aquanaut. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Anagrams: Au

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

 Words containing the letters "a-u"
 

+1 letter: amu, auk, eau, qua, sau, tau, uta, vau.

 

+2 letters: abut, ague, alum, amus, anus, aqua, arum, auks, auld, aunt, aura, auto, babu, baud, beau, bura, caul, daub, daut, duad, dual, duma, dura, eaux, faun, faux, gaud, gaum, gaun, gaur, guan, guar, habu, haul, haut, hula, jauk, jaup, juba, juga, jura, kagu, kuna, laud, luau, luna, maud, maul, maun, maut, mura, prau, puja, pula, puma, puna, pupa, quad, quag, quai, quay, ruga, saul, skua, suba, sura, tabu, taus, taut, tuba, tufa, tuna, ulan, ulna, ulva, unai, unau, upas, urea, ursa, utas, uvea, vatu, vaus, wauk, waul, waur, yaud, yaup, yuan, yuca, yuga.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

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INDEX

1. Definition
2. Synonyms
3. Crosswords
4. Usage: Modern 		5. Usage: Commercial
6. Images: Slideshow
7. Images: Photo Album
8. Images: Digital Art 		9. Quotations: Historic
10. Quotations: Fiction
11. Quotations: Non-fiction
12. Usage Frequency 		13. Names: Frequency
14. Names: Company Usage
15. Expressions
16. Expressions: Internet 		17. Translations: Modern
18. Abbreviations
19. Acronyms
20. Derivations 		21. Anagrams
22. Bibliography


  

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