Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Articulation |
ArticulationNoun1. Bringing articulatory organs together so as to shape the sounds of speech. 2. The shape or manner in which things come together and a connection is made. 3. Expressing in coherent verbal form; "the articulation of my feelings" or "I gave voice to my feelings". 4. (anatomy) the point of connection between two bones or elements of a skeleton (especially if the articulation allows motion). 5. The act of joining things in such a way that motion is possible. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "articulation" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1120. (references) |
Etymology: Articulation \Ar*tic`u*la"tion\, noun. [Compare to the French expression articulation, from the Latin expression articulatio.]. (Websters 1913) |
| Domain | Definition |
Electrical Engineering | The percentage number of fraction of speech components correctly recognised over the system. Source: European Union. (references) |
Mechanical Engineering | An assembly which allows a certain freedom of motion, either rotary or linear. Source: European Union. (references) |
Medicine | The relationship of two bodies by means of a moveable joint. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| ARAEN | English | Reference apparatus for the determination of the articulation reference equivalents | Electrical Engineering |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: ArticulationSynonyms: articulatio (n), join (n), joint (n), junction (n), juncture (n), voice (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Junction | Joint, joining, juncture, pivot, hinge, articulation, |
Voice | Vocalization; cry; strain, utterance, prolation; exclamation, ejaculation, vociferation, ecphonesis; enunciation, articulation; articulate sound, distinctness; clearness, of articulation; stage whisper; delivery. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
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Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Even where chore and companion services are available, rural caregivers have limited access to them because there are few mechanisms for communication and articulation of available services. (references) | |
Speech is normally produced through a series of precisely coordinated muscle movements involving respiration (the breathing mechanism), phonation (the voicing mechanism) and articulation (throat, palate, tongue, lips and teeth). (references) | ||
Political Economy | Nigeria | The current parties are weak conglomerations of heavyweight personalities rather than mechanisms for interest articulation. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Articulation" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 99.70% of the time. "Articulation" is used about 333 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 99.7% | 332 | 15,754 |
| Noun (common) | 0.3% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 333 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "articulation": Articulation Disorders ♦ articulation index ♦ articulation score ♦ band articulation ♦ clear articulation ♦ of articulation ♦ per cent articulation ♦ reference system for the determination of articulation reference equivalents ♦ Speech Articulation Tests ♦ word articulation. Additional references. | |
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "articulation": co-articulation. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "articulation"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | artikulim, artikulacion (hinge, joint), shqiptim (accents, diction, enunciation, pronouncement, pronouncing, pronunciation, speech, utterance, vocalization), nyjë (article, bend, center, hinge, hitch, hub, joint, knot, knuckle, knuckle joint, knurl, node, nodular, nodus). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Arabic | نطق (enunciate, enunciation, pronounce, pronouncement, say, speech, spoke, utterance, vocalization, vocalize), لفظ (articulate, discharge, eject, ejection, emission, emit, enunciate, enunciation, expel, pronounce, pronunciation, say, spit, vocalization, vocalize), تعبير (enunciation, expressing, expression, locution, look, manifestation, mien, mouth, phrase, statement, term, utterance, wording), صوت ساكن, الإرتباط بمفاصل. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | става (be, happen, joint, take place), учленяване (inversion, utterance), коляно (crank, elbow, joint, knee, leg, manifold, stub, toggle, tribe), произнасяне (enunciation, passing, pronouncing, vocalization), изговаряне (enunciation, pronouncing). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 清楚的发音. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | artikulace (enunciation, speech), èlenìní (division, indentation). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | artikulation (mandibular glide), udtale (pronounce), samling (collection), ledforbindelse (hinge), led (article, disseminated erythematosus lupus, electro-luminescent diode, erythematosus lupus, joint, joints, light-emission diode, light-emitting diode, linkage, lupus, movable joint, systemic lupus erythematosus), forstaaelighed (understandability), dannelse af sproglyd. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | articulatie, logatoomverstaanbaarheid (phonetically balanced score), gewricht (joint). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | nivel (joint, link, node). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | articulation. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Artikulation (enunciation, phrasing). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | κινητό όργανο σύνδεσης (joint, movable joint), συνάρθρωσισ, προφορά (accent, enunciation, pronunciation), ευκρίνεια (clarity, clearanceness, distinctness, perspicuity, perspicuousness, succinctness), άρθρωσισ, άρθρωση (joint, utterance), διάρθρωσισ. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hebrew | מפרוק, מפרק (joint, node), עריכת שפתים, חתוך ""בור (diction, utterance). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | tagolás (proportioning), kiejtés (enunciation, pronunciation, utterance, vocalization), tagoltság (arrangement, configuration, distribution, features, geographic structure, hidrography, lay-out, phrasing), kimondás, ízület (joint, link), artikuláció. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indonesian | artikulasi (diction), pengucapan (utterance). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | articolazione (joint, knuckle). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Kanji | 調音 , 明瞭度 , 呂律 , 分節 . (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Japanese Katakana | ぶ"せつ (paragraph, phrase), めいりょうど, ろれつ, ちょうお" (hearing, imperial blessing or favor, long vowel, long vowel mark, sound of waves, special blessing). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 조음 (modulation). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Manx | olt-chiangley, loayrt (accost, accosting, address, discourse, express, frame, frame as word, pipe up, speak, speaking, talk, utter), fockley (articulate, express, mouth, pronounce, utter, utterance, vocalization, vocalize), cur ayns olt y cheilley. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | articulationay articulação (join, joint, knee, knuckle, link, lith, pivot, pronouncing, speech, vocalization). (various references) axã de articulaţie, articulare, articulaţie (joint, knuckle, pivot), exprimare (conveyance, expression, incoherence, incoherency, language, manifestation, phrase, statement, utterance), expresie (brow, cast, expression, formulary, locution, loose, mien, phrase, sneer, term), dicţiune (delivery, elocution, enunciation). (various references) артикуляция (enunciation). (various references) lide (syllable), fulpanachd. (various references) artikulacija, obrazovanje glasova. (various references) articulación (formation, joint, knuckle, linkage, utterance). (various references) artikulation (enunciation). (various references) เสียงที่เปล่งออกมา, การออกเสียง (sonance, sonancy). (various references) temiz ifade, telâffuz (pronunciation, utterance), söyleme (confession, mention, relation, saying, telling, utterance), mafsal (ball-and-socket joint, hinge, joint), eklemleme, eklem (arthrosis, joint, knuckle, link, linkage), boğum (knob, knot, knuckle, nodal, node), bitiştirme, berrak söyleyiş. (various references) суглоб, спосіб сполучення, чітка вимова, шарнір (hinge, knuckle), зчленування (joint), з'"днання (association, coalescence, conjugation, conjunction, copulation, coupling, hookup, joinder, joining, junction, ligature, link up, linkage, linking, mounting, union), артикуляція. (various references) sự khớp lại với nhau cách đọc rõ r ng. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | famen. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "articulation": articulations. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "articulation": disarticulation. (additional references) | |
Words containing "articulation": disarticulations. (additional references) | |
| |
"Articulation" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: articipation, articualtion, atriculation. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "articulation" (pronounced Ä'rtikyulā"shun) |
| 8 | -k y u l ā" sh u n | calculation, inoculation, miscalculation, recalculation, speculation. |
| 7 | -y u l ā" sh u n | accumulation, coagulation, confabulation, depopulation, deregulation, emulation, formulation, granulation, manipulation, overpopulation, overregulation, ovulation, population, regulation, reregulation, simulation, stimulation, stipulation, strangulation, tabulation, tribulation. |
| 6 | -u l ā" sh u n | adulation, annihilation, appellation, assimilation, cancellation, capitulation, compilation, congratulation, consolation, constellation, correlation, demodulation, desolation, distillation, elation, escalation, exhalation, extrapolation, fibrillation, gastrulation, inhalation, installation, insulation, isolation, jubilation, modulation, mutilation, oscillation, revelation, titillation, vacillation, ventilation, violation. |
| 5 | -l ā" sh u n | contemplation, deflation, dilation, disinflation, ejaculation, hyperinflation, inflation, legislation, reflation, relation, stagflation, translation, triangulation. |
| 4 | -ā" sh u n | abbreviation, abdication, aberration, abomination, abrogation, acceleration, acclimation, accommodation, accreditation, accusation, acidification, activation, adaptation, adjudication, administration, admiration, adoration, advocation, affectation, affiliation, affirmation, agglomeration, aggravation, agitation, alienation, allegation, alleviation, allocation, alphabetization, alteration, altercation, amalgamation, amelioration, amortization, amplification, amputation, animation, annexation, annotation, anticipation, antidiscrimination, application, appreciation, approbation, appropriation, approximation, arbitration, argumentation, aspiration, assassination, association, augmentation, authentication, authorization, automation, aviation, avocation, balkanization, bifurcation, calibration, cannibalization, capitalization, carnation, castration, categorization, causation, celebration, centralization, certification, cessation, cetacean, characterization, citation, civilization, clarification, classification, codification, cogeneration, cogitation, cohabitation, collaboration, collectivization, colonization, coloration, colorization, combination, commemoration, commendation, commercialization, communication, communization, compensation, complication, computation, computerization, concatenation, concentration, conciliation, condemnation, condensation, confederation, configuration, confirmation, confiscation, conflagration, confrontation, conglomeration, congregation, conjugation, connotation, consecration, conservation, consideration, consolidation, consternation, constipation, consultation, consummation, contamination, continuation, conversation, convocation, cooperation, coordination, coronation, corporation, corroboration, creation, cremation, criminalization, crustacean, culmination, cultivation, dalmatian, damnation, decaffeination, decapitation, deceleration, decentralization, decertification, declaration, decontamination, decoration, decriminalization, dedication, defamation, deforestation, deformation, degeneration, degradation, dehumanization, dehydration, deification, deinstitutionalization, delegation, deliberation, delineation, demarcation, demilitarization, demobilization, democratization, demonization, demonstration, demoralization, denationalization, denomination, denuclearization, denunciation, deportation, depravation, depreciation, depredation, deprivation, derivation, desalination, desalinization, desecration, desegregation, desiccation, designation, desperation, destabilization, destination, determination, detonation, detoxication, detoxification, devaluation, devastation, deviation, dictation, differentiation, dilatation, discoloration, discontinuation, discrimination, disembarkation, disinclination, disinformation, disintegration, dislocation, disorganization, disorientation, dispensation, disputation, disqualification, dissemination, dissertation, dissipation, dissociation, diversification, divination, documentation, domestication, domination, donation, dramatization, duplication, duration, echolocation, edification, education, elaboration, electrification, elevation, elimination, elongation, emanation, emancipation, embarkation, emigration, enumeration, equalization, equitation, equivocation, eradication, estimation, evacuation, evaluation, evaporation, evocation, exacerbation, exaggeration, examination, exasperation, excavation, excitation, exclamation, excommunication, exfoliation, exhilaration, exhortation, exhumation, exoneration, expatriation, expectation, experimentation, expiration, explanation, explication, exploitation, exploration, expropriation, extermination, fabrication, facilitation, falsification, fascination, federation, fermentation, fertilization, figuration, filtration, fixation, flirtation, flotation, fluctuation, fluoridation, foliation, formation, fortification, foundation, fragmentation, frustration, fumigation, gasification, generalization, generation, gentrification, germination, gestation, glaciation, globalization, glorification, gradation, graduation, gratification, gravitation, gyration, habitation, hallucination, harmonization, hesitation, hibernation, hospitalization, humiliation, hybridization, hydration, hydrogenation, identification, illumination, illustration, imagination, imitation, immigration, immunization, impersonation, implantation, implementation, implication, importation, impregnation, improvisation, imputation, inactivation, inauguration, incantation, incapacitation, incarceration, incarnation, inclination, incoordination, incorporation, incrimination, incrustation, incubation, indemnification, indentation, indexation, indication, indignation, indoctrination, industrialization, infatuation, infestation, infiltration, inflammation, information, inhabitation, initiation, innovation, insemination, insinuation, inspiration, instigation, institutionalization, instrumentation, insubordination, integration, intensification, internationalization, interpretation, interrogation, intimation, intimidation, intonation, intoxication, inundation, invalidation, investigation, invitation, invocation, ionization, irradiation, irrigation, irritation, justification, laceration, lactation, legalization, levitation, liberalization, liberation, libration, ligation, limitation, liquidation, litigation, localization, location, lubrication, machination, magnetization, magnification, malformation, manifestation, marginalization, masturbation, maturation, maximization, mechanization, mediation, medication, meditation, menstruation, migration, mineralization, miniaturization, ministration, misallocation, misapplication, misappropriation, mischaracterization, miscommunication, miscreation, misidentification, misinformation, misinterpretation, misrepresentation, mitigation, mobilization, moderation, modernization, modification, molestation, monopolization, motivation, multiplication, mummification, mutation, narration, nation, nationalization, naturalization, navigation, negation, negotiation, neutralization, nitration, nomination, nondiscrimination, nonproliferation, normalization, notation, notification, nucleation, nullification, obfuscation, obligation, observation, occupation, operation, optimization, oration, orchestration, ordination, organisation, organization, orientation, origination, ornamentation, ossification, ostentation, ovation, overvaluation, oxidation, pacification, pagination, palpitation, participation, pasteurization, penetration, perforation, permutation, perpetuation, personalization, personification, perspiration, perturbation, pigmentation, plantation, polarization, politicization, pollination, pontification, popularization, precipitation, predestination, prefabrication, premeditation, preoccupation, preparation, presentation, preservation, pressurization, privation, privatization, probation, proclamation, procrastination, procreation, profanation, prognostication, proliferation, pronunciation, propagation, proration, prostration, protestation, provocation, publication, punctuation, purification, qualification, quantification, quotation, radiation, radicalization, ramification, ratification, rationalization, reaffirmation, realization, reallocation, reauthorization, recantation, recapitalization, recertification, recitation, reclamation, reclassification, recommendation, reconciliation, reconfiguration, reconfirmation, reconsideration, recreation, recrimination, rectification, recuperation, redecoration, rededication, reevaluation, reexamination, reforestation, reformation, refrigeration, refutation, regeneration, regimentation, registration, rehabilitation, rehydration, reincarnation, reincorporation, reinterpretation, reinvigoration, reiteration, rejuvenation, relaxation, relocation, remediation, remuneration, renationalization, renegotiation, renomination, renovation, renunciation, reorganization, reparation, repatriation, replication, representation, repudiation, reputation, reservation, resignation, respiration, restoration, resuscitation, retaliation, retardation, reunification, revaluation, reverberation, revitalization, revocation, rotation, rumination, salvation, sanctification, sanitation, saponification, saturation, securitization, sedation, sedimentation, segmentation, segregation, sensation, separation, sequestration, simplification, situation, socialization, solicitation, sophistication, specialization, specification, stabilization, stagnation, standardization, starvation, station, sterilization, subluxation, subordination, subsidization, substantiation, suburbanization, suffocation, summation, superstation, syndication, taxation, telecommunication, temptation, termination, toleration, transformation, transillumination, transplantation, transportation, trepidation, undervaluation, unification, unionization, urbanization, usurpation, utilization, vacation, vaccination, validation, valuation, vaporization, variation, vegetation, verification, vibration, victimization, vilification, vindication, visitation, visualization, vocation, vulgarization, westernization. |
| 3 | -sh u n | abduction, abolition, abortion, absolution, absorption, abstraction, academician, accession, accretion, acquisition, action, addiction, addition, admission, admonition, adoption, advection, affection, affliction, aggression, alliteration, alternation, ambition, ammunition, antiabortion, anticorruption, apparition, apportion, apprehension, ascension, ashen, assertion, assumption, attention, attraction, attribution, attrition, auction, audition, beautician, benediction, brutalization, caption, carburetion, caution, circulation, circumspection, clinician, coalition, coercion, cognition, collection, commission, commotion, compassion, competition, completion, complexion, composition, comprehension, compression, compulsion, compunction, conception, conceptualization, concession, concoction, concussion, condescension, condition, conduction, confection, confession, conjunction, connection, conniption, conscription, constitution, constriction, construction, consumption, contention, contortion, contraception, contraction, contradiction, contraption, contribution, contrition, convection, convention, conviction, convolution, convulsion, correction, corruption, counterrevolution, crucifixion, cushion, deception, decimation, decommission, decomposition, decompression, deconstruction, deduction, defection, definition, deletion, demolition, demotion, dentition, depiction, depletion, deposition, depression, dereliction, description, desertion, destitution, destruction, detection, detention, deterioration, devolution, devotion, diction, dietitian, diffraction, digression, dilution, dimension, diminution, direction, disaffection, disconnection, discretion, discussion, disinfection, disposition, disruption, dissatisfaction, dissection, dissension, dissolution, distinction, distortion, distraction, distribution, dysfunction, edition, egyptian, ejection, election, electrician, electrocution, elocution, emission, emotion, emulsion, encryption, erection, erudition, eruption, eviction, evolution, exaction, exception, excoriation, excretion, execution, exemption, exertion, exhibition, expansion, expedition, exposition, expression, expulsion, extension, extinction, extortion, extraction, extradition, faction, fashion, fiction, fission, flexion, formalization, fraction, freshen, friction, fruition, function, gentian, geriatrician, gumption, hessian, homogenization, hypertension, hypotension, ignition, impassion, imperfection, imposition, impression, inaction, inception, incineration, indiscretion, induction, infarction, infection, inflection, infliction, infraction, inhibition, injection, injunction, inquisition, inscription, insertion, inspection, institution, instruction, insurrection, interaction, interception, intercession, interconnection, interdiction, interjection, intermission, interruption, intersection, introduction, introspection, intuition, invention, junction, jurisdiction, juxtaposition, lilliputian, liposuction, liquefaction, locomotion, logician, lotion, magician, malfunction, malnutrition, mansion, martian, mathematician, mention, midsection, misapprehension, misconception, misimpression, misperception, mission, mortician, motion, munition, musician, nonaggression, nonfiction, nonprescription, notion, nutrition, objection, obsession, obstetrician, obstruction, ocean, omission, opposition, oppression, optician, option, overconsumption, overexpansion, overproduction, overprotection, overreaction, oversimplification, partition, passion, patrician, pediatrician, pension, perception, percussion, perfection, permission, persecution, petition, physician, politician, pollution, portion, position, possession, potion, precaution, precession, preconception, precondition, prediction, predilection, predisposition, preelection, preemption, preignition, premonition, prescription, presumption, presupposition, pretension, prevention, procession, production, profession, progression, prohibition, projection, promotion, proportion, proposition, propulsion, proscription, prosecution, prostitution, protection, ration, reaction, reassertion, reception, recession, recognition, recollection, recondition, reconstruction, redefinition, redemption, redirection, redistribution, reduction, reeducation, reelection, reflection, regression, reimposition, reinspection, reintegration, reintroduction, reinvention, rejection, remission, rendition, repercussion, repetition, reposition, repossession, repression, reproduction, requisition, resolution, restitution, restriction, resumption, resurrection, retention, retraction, retransmission, retribution, revolution, revulsion, rhetorician, sanction, satisfaction, secession, secretion, section, sedition, seduction, selection, session, solution, statistician, submission, subscription, subsection, substation, substitution, subtraction, succession, suction, superstition, supposition, suppression, suspension, suspicion, syncopation, tactician, technician, tension, theoretician, titian, traction, tradition, transaction, transcription, transection, transgression, transition, transmission, tuition, venetian, volition, workstation. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-a-c-i-i-l-n-o-r-t-t-u" | |
-2 letters: citational, tinctorial, tractional, urtication. | |
-3 letters: actuation, auctorial, cantorial, lactation, tuitional. | |
-4 letters: actuator, anticult, antiriot, autocrat, calutron, cilantro, citation, coattail, contrail, iatrical, ironical, nautical, nitrolic, notarial, octantal, raincoat, rational, rutilant, taciturn, tailcoat, tantalic, traction, turncoat, tutorial, uralitic, uranitic, urticant. | |
-5 letters: actinal, actinia, alation, antiair, anticar, arnatto, auction, carinal, carotin, cattail, cattalo, caution, citator, clarion, cornual. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-a-c-i-i-l-n-o-r-t-t-u" | |
+1 letter: articulations, matriculation. | |
+2 letters: matriculations, recapitulation. | |
+3 letters: connaturalities, disarticulation, recapitulations. | |
+4 letters: atrioventricular, disarticulations, overarticulating, unsatisfactorily. | |
+5 letters: australopithecine, particularization, structuralization. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)41 72 74 69 63 75 6C 61 74 69 6F 6E |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references).- .-. - .. -.-. ..- .-.. .- - .. --- -. |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01000001 01110010 01110100 01101001 01100011 01110101 01101100 01100001 01110100 01101001 01101111 01101110 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)A r t i c u l a t i o n |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0041 0072 0074 0069 0063 0075 006C 0061 0074 0069 006F 006E |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)358486756987786786758180 |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Quotations: Non-fiction 6. Usage Frequency 7. Expressions 8. Expressions: Internet | 9. Translations: Modern 10. Translations: Ancient 11. Abbreviations 12. Acronyms | 13. Derivations 14. Rhymes 15. Anagrams 16. Orthography | 17. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
