Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Vietnamese |
VietnameseAdjective1. Of or relating to Vietnam; "the Vietnamese countryside". 2. Of or relating to the vietnamese language; "Vietnamese tones". 3. Of or relating to or characteristic of the people of Vietnam; "Vietnamese boat people". Noun1. A native or inhabitant of Vietnam. 2. The Mon-Khmer language spoken in Vietnam. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | Vietnamese |
Geography | Inhabitant of Vietnam. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a country in Southeast Asia. It borders Yunnan Province (China), Laos, Cambodia, and the Gulf of Tonkin.
Cộng Hòa Xã Hội Chủ Nghĩa Việt Nam
(In Detail) (Full size) National motto: Ðộc lập, tự do, hạnh phúc (Independence, Liberty, Happiness) Official language Vietnamese Capital Hanoi President Tran Duc Luong Prime Minister Phan Van Khai Area
- Total
- % waterRanked 65th
329,560 km²
1.3%Population
- Total (2002)
- DensityRanked 14th
81,098,416
264/km²Independence
- Declared
- RecognisedFrom French rule
September 2, 1945
1954Currency Dong Time zone UTC +7 National anthem Tien Quan Ca (The Troops are Advancing) Internet TLD .VN Calling Code 84
History
Main article: History of VietnamFrance occupied all of Vietnam by 1884, ruling it as a colony as a part of Indochina, until expelled by Japan in World War II, After the war, France, with the colaboration of the USA, attempted to regain control of the country, but Nationalist forces, that had originally fought against the Japanese invasion, declared independence. The French were defeated in 1954 by forces under the leadership of Ho Chi Minh, notably in the Battle of Dien Ben Phu. With the French defeat in the battle and its surrender the First Indochina War (1946-1954) came to an end. At a Geneva Conference Vietnam was partitioned, ostensibly temporarily, into a Northern and Southern zones, with a General election to be held in June 1956 (Art. 3), and the prohibition of introducing foreign troops (Art. 4). The partition forced about two million North Vietnamese to migrate to the South as the communist north began to implement radical land reforms.
Backed by the United States, the southern government headed by Ngo Dinh Diem refused to open consultation with the North Vietnamese concerning general elections when the date for these fell due in July 1955. (verbatim from the Pentagon Papers) on grounds that Ho Chi Minh will have a significant support in the north, basically because they implemented a massive agrarian reform that result in poor peasants gaining ownerships of the land, reform that the south did not implement, losing key peasant support. The south refused to abide to the Geneva Conference and was declared a Republic. This move was followed by the declaration on North Vietnam as a country by Ho Chi Minh.
Economic and military aid from the United States to South Vietnam grew through the 1960s in an attempt to bolster the government, but US armed forces were withdrawn following a cease-fire agreement in 1973 (see Vietnam War). Two years later North Vietnamese forces overran the South. In all, the war ended at a loss of about 3.8 million lives. Economic reconstruction of the reunited country has proven difficult.
Politics
Main article: Politics of VietnamThe Socialist Republic of Vietnam is governed through a highly centralized system dominated by the Vietnamese Communist Party (Đảng Cộng Sản Việt Nam). As the force controlling the system, the party exercises leadership in all matters. The government manages state affairs through a structure that parallels the party's apparatus, but it is incapable of acting without party direction. All key government positions are filled by party members.
Society is ruled by the party's ubiquitous presence, which is manifested in a network of party cadres at almost every level of social activity. All citizens are expected to be members of one or another of the mass organizations led by party cadres, and all managers and military officials are ultimately answerable to party representatives.
Provinces
Main article: Provinces of VietnamVietnam is divided into 58 provinces (tỉnh, singular and plural), 3 municipalities* (thủ đô, singular and plural):
An Giang, Bac Giang, Bac Kan, Bac Lieu, Bac Ninh, Ba Ria-Vung Tau, Ben Tre, Binh Dinh, Binh Duong, Binh Phuoc, Binh Thuan, Ca Mau, Can Tho, Cao Bang, Dac Lac, Da Nang, Dong Nai, Dong Thap, Gia Lai, Ha Giang, Hai Duong, Hai Phong*, Ha Nam, Ha Noi*, Ha Tay, Ha Tinh, Hoa Binh, Ho Chi Minh*, Hung Yen, Khanh Hoa, Kien Giang, Kon Tum, Lai Chau, Lam Dong, Lang Son, Lao Cai, Long An, Nam Dinh, Nghe An, Ninh Binh, Ninh Thuan, Phu Tho, Phu Yen, Quang Binh, Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, Quang Ninh, Quang Tri, Soc Trang, Son La, Tay Ninh, Thai Binh, Thai Nguyen, Thanh Hoa, Thua Thien-Hue, Tien Giang, Tra Vinh, Tuyen Quang, Vinh Long, Vinh Phuc, Yen Bai
Geography
Main article: Geography of VietnamThe country is approximately 331,688 square kilometers. The topography consists of hills and densely forested mountains, with level land covering no more than 20 percent. Mountains account for 40 percent, hills 40 percent, and forests 75 percent. The northern part of the country consists of highlands and the Red River Delta; the south is divided into coastal lowlands, Giai Truong Son (central mountains) with high plateaus, and the Mekong River Delta.
The climate is tropical and monsoonal; humidity averages 84 percent throughout year. Annual rainfall ranges from 120 to 300 centimeters, and annual temperatures vary between 5°C and 37°C.
Economy
Main article: Economy of VietnamVietnam is a poor, densely populated country that has had to recover from the ravages of war, the loss of financial support from the old Soviet Bloc, and the rigidities of a centrally planned economy. Substantial progress was achieved from 1986 to 1996 in moving forward from an extremely low starting point - growth averaged around 9% per year from 1993 to 1997. The 1997 Asian financial crisis highlighted the problems existing in the Vietnamese economy but, rather than prompting reform, reaffirmed the government's belief that shifting to a market oriented economy leads to disaster. GDP growth of 8.5% in 1997 fell to 4% in 1998 and rose slightly to an estimated 4.8% in 1999. These numbers masked some major difficulties that are emerging in economic performance. Many domestic industries, including coal, cement, steel, and paper, have reported large stockpiles of inventory and tough competition from more efficient foreign producers. Foreign direct investment has fallen dramatically, from $8.3 billion in 1996 to about $1.6 billion in 1999. Meanwhile, Vietnamese authorities have slowed implementation of the structural reforms needed to revitalize the economy and produce more competitive, export-driven industries. Privatization of state enterprises remains bogged down in political controversy, while the country's dynamic private sector is denied both financing and access to markets. Reform of the banking sector - considered one of the riskiest in the world - is proceeding slowly, raising concerns that the country will be unable to tap sufficient domestic savings to finance growth. Administrative and legal barriers are also causing costly delays for foreign investors and are raising similar doubts about Vietnam's ability to attract additional foreign capital.
Holidays Date English Name Local Name Remarks January 1 New Year's Tết Tây Late January - Late February Têt (Chinese New Year) Tết Nguyên Đán Largest holiday of the year, first three days of lunar calendar April 30 Liberation Day Ng y Giải Phóng Fall of Saigon in 1975 September 2 Independence Day Quốc Khánh Ho Chi Minh's speech in 1945
- Music of Vietnam
Miscellaneous topics
- Communications in Vietnam
- Transportation in Vietnam
- Military of Vietnam
- Foreign relations of Vietnam
External links
Countries of the world | Asia Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Vietnam."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Modern Vietnamese cuisine is heavily influenced by the French colonists. However, traditional Vietnamese cuisine is similar to Chinese cooking, only instead of using soy sauce, they use fish sauce almost exclusively. Vietnamese recipes use a lot of lemon grass, lime and kaffir lime. They also have their own version of Buddhist vegetarian dishes.
Famous Vietnamese dishes:
See also: cooking
- Shrimp rolls wrapped in rice paper
- Pho - beef noodles, a north Vietnam breakfast. However, in the US, it is eaten as lunch and dinner too.
- Grilled pork or shredded pork over rice noodles
- extremely strong coffee
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Vietnamese cuisine."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Vietnamese (Vietnamese "Tiếng Việt"), a tonal language, is the national and official language of Vietnam. It is the mother tongue of 87% of Vietnam's population, in addition to about two million Vietnamese emigrants, including a significant number of Vietnamese-Americans. Although it contains many vocabulary borrowings from Chinese and was originally written using Chinese characters, it is considered by linguists to be one of the Austroasiatic languages, of which it has the most speakers (the second language being the Khmer language).
Presently, the written language uses a Roman character set called quốc ngữ (national language). It was introduced in the 17th century by a French Jesuit missionary named Alexandre de Rhodes (1591-1660), based on works of earlier Portuguese missionaries. With the occupation of the French in the 19th century, it became popular and by the late 20th century virtually all writings were done in quốc ngữ. Previous to French occupation, there were two primary writing systems used - the standard ideographic Chinese character set called chữ nho (scholar's characters, 漢文), and an extremely complicated variant form known as chữ nôm (southern/vernacular characters, 字喃).
The Chinese writing was in more common usage, whereas chữ nôm was used by members of the educated elite. Both scripts have fallen out of common usage in modern Vietnam, and chữ nôm is near-extinct.
The six tones in Vietnamese are:
ASCII Symbol ASCII Name Unicode Name Description Sample Unicode Vowel (e) Kho^ng Không no tone (flat) e / Sa('c Sắc rising é ` Huye^`n Huyền falling è ? Ho?i Hỏi dipping ẻ ~ Nga~ Ngã dipping (but not as low) ẽ . Na(.ng Nặng low, glottal ẹ Tone markers are written above the vowel they affect, with the exception of Nặng, where the dot goes below the vowel. For example, the common family name Nguyễn begins with SAMPA /N/ (this sound is difficult for native English speakers to place at the beginning of a word), and is followed by something approximated by the English word "win". The ~ indicates a dipping tone; start somewhat low, go down in pitch, then rise to the end of the word.
Vietnamese is a monosyllabic language, although many compound words are present. Diphthongs and triphthongs are very common. There are various mutually intelligible dialects (as intelligible as the dialects of English found in the United States), the main ones being North (H Nội), Central (Huế) and South (S i Gòn). These dialects differ slightly in tone, although the Huế dialect is somewhat more different than others. The current standard pronunciation and spellings are based on the dialect of an educated H Nội speaker.
Phonology
Consonants need to be SAMPA-ized; adapted from pgdudda's website* /th/ is an unvoiced, aspirated alveolar stop
Bilabial
Alveolar
Retroflex
Palatal
Velar
Glottal
Stops
p/b
t/d, [th]*
t
[ty]
k
Fricatives
f/v
s/z
s/z
Z
x/[Y]
h
Nasals
m
n
ñ
N
Liquids
l
Vowels
Rounding is contrastive for non-low back vowels.
i
M, u
e
7, o
E
6
O
a
A
Example Text
This text is from the first six lines of Kim Van Kieu, an epic poem by the celebrated poet Nguyễn Du (1765-1820). It was originally written in Nôm, and is widely taught in Vietnam today.
- Trăm năm trong cõi người ta,
- Chữ t i chữ mệnh khéo l ghét nhau.
- Trải qua một cuộc bể dâu,
- Những điều trông thấy m đau đớn lòng.
- Lạ gì bỉ sắc tư phong,
- Trời xanh quen thói má hồng đánh ghen.
English translation
Four score and two tens, within that short span of human life,
Talent and Destiny are poised in bitter conflict.
Oceans turn to mulberry fields: a desolate scene!
More gifts, less chance, such is the law of Nature
And the blue sky is known to be jealous of rosy cheeks.
External links
- British Museum Exhibit: Exhibit of classical Vietnamese, including Kim Van Kieu.
- Introduction to Vietnamese: Introduction to Vietnamese for Mandarin speakers.
- Nom Foundation: An organization dedicated to the preservation of the Nom writing.
- Vietnamese Writing System: An overview of the Vietnamese writing system.
- 20 lessons
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Vietnamese language."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A Vietnamese-American is a resident of the United States who is of ethnic Vietnamese descent. They make up the bulk of overseas Vietnamese and are also one group of Asian-Americans.According to the 2000 Census, there are 1,122,528 people who identify themselves as Vietnamese alone or 1,223,736 in combination with other ethnicities. Of those, 447,032 (39.8%) live in California and 134,961 (12.0%) in Texas. The largest concentration of Vietnamese found outside of Vietnam is found in Orange County, California, where 135,548 can be found. Vietnamese-American businesses are ubiquitous in Little Saigon, located in Westminster and Garden Grove, where they constitute 30.7% and 21.4% of the population, respectively.
South Vietnamese civilians scramble to board the last US helicopter leaving the country at the end of the Vietnam War.
The history of Vietnamese-Americans is a fairly recent one. Prior to 1975, most Vietnamese residing in the United States were spouses and children of American servicemen in Vietnam. The fall of Saigon on April 30, 1975, which ended the Vietnam War, prompted the first wave of emigration. Many people who had close ties with the Americans feared communist reprisals, and 125,000 of them left Vietnam during Spring 1975. This group was generally highly skilled and educated and their leaving constituted a severe brain drain for Vietnam. They were airlifted by the US government to bases in the Philippines and Guam, and were subsequently transferred to various refugee centers in the United States. These refugees were initially unwelcomed by Americans, as a poll taken in 1975 showed only 36% in favor of Vietnamese immigration. Even so, President Gerald Ford and other officials strongly supported them and passed the Indochina Migration and Refugee Act in 1975, which allowed them to enter the United States under a special status. In order to prevent the refugees from forming ethnic enclaves and to minimize their impact on local communities, they were scattered all over the country. Within a few years, however, most resettled in California and Texas, giving those states the largest Vietnamese-American populations.
The year 1978 began a second wave of Vietnamese refugees that lasted until the mid-1980s. As people faced being sent to reeducation camps or being forced to evacuate to "new economic zones," about two million fled Vietnam in small, unsafe, and crowded boats. These "boat people" were generally less educated and skilled than the people in the first wave. If they escaped pirates, they usually ended up in asylum camps in Thailand, Singapore, Indonesia, Hong Kong or the Philippines, where they might be allowed to enter countries that agreed to accept them. Congress passed the Refugee Act of 1980, reducing restrictions on entry, while the Vietnamese government established the Orderly Departure Program (ODP) under the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees in response to world outcry, allowing people to leave Vietnam legally for family reunions and for humanitarian reasons. Additional American laws were passed to allow children of American servicemen and former political prisoners and their families to enter the United States. Between 1981 and 2000, the United States accepted 531,310 Vietnamese refugees and asylees.
Characteristics
As a relatively recent immigrant group, Vietnamese-Americans have the lowest distribution of people with more than one race among the major Asian-American groups. As many as 1,009,627 exclusively speak Vietnamese at home, making it the 7th most spoken language in the United States. As refugees, Vietnamese-Americans have some of the highest rates of naturalization. As refugees from a communist country, Vietnamese-Americans are vehemently anti-communist. They regularly stage protests against the Vietnamese government and those whom they perceive as sympathetic to it. For example, in 1999, protests against a video store owner in Westminster who displayed the Vietnamese communist flag and a picture of Ho Chi Minh peaked when 50,000 people held a vigil in front of the store in one night, causing severe disruptions in traffic. Membership in the Democratic Party was once considered anathema among Vietnamese-Americans because it was seen as friendly to communism, although support for the Republican Party had somewhat eroded in recent years as the Democratic Party is seen in a more favorable light. Notably, Vietnamese-Americans across the United States have recently lobbied many city governments to make the former South Vietnamese flag instead of the current flag of Vietnam the symbol of Vietnamese in the United States, a move that the Vietnamese government objected to.
A large fraction of Vietnamese-Americans consisted of ethnic overseas Chinese who immigrated to Vietnam centuries ago. Ethnic Chinese made up a large fraction of the commercial elite which left after the fall of Saigon, and the Sino-Vietnamese War of 1979 led to discrimination against ethnic Chinese which contributed to a large fraction of them becoming boat people. As a result, many Vietnamese-Americans also speak fluent Mandarin Chinese and serve somewhat as a bridge between Vietnamese-American and Chinese-American communities, which in turn helps create an Asian American identity. Interestingly, while ethnic Chinese Vietnamese-Americans are seen and see themselves as overseas Chinese (or hua-yi) they generally do not classify themselves or are seen as Chinese-American.
See also: Demographics of the United States
External Links
- Census Data
- Southeast Asian Archive
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Vietnamese-American."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| VIQR | English | VIetnamese Quoted-Readable | Computer - (VISCII, RFC 1456) |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: VietnameseSynonyms: Annamese (n), Annamite (n). (additional references) |
Crosswords: Vietnamese |
| English words defined with "Vietnamese": chop-suey greens, cut ♦ gook, guillotine ♦ Ho Chi Minh ♦ Le Duc Tho ♦ Nguyen That Thanh ♦ slant-eye ♦ Tet. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "Vietnamese": CJK, CJKV ♦ oriental food ♦ TCVN 5773, TCVN 6056, Telephone Questionnaire Assistance. (references) |
| Non-English Usage: "Vietnamese" is also a word in the following language with the English translation in parentheses. German (vietnamese). |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | I got me a ranch house out in Sausalito, 25 acres, a couple of pigs, sex swing in the basement, this weird Vietnamese guy who just kind of hangs out - you know, the American Dream (Saturday Night Live; writing credit: Doug Abeles; Leo Allen) With one word you attack an entire race of people and not just the Chinese, the Laotians, the Cambodians, the Vietnamese. (All in the Family; writing credit: Johnny Speight; Norman Lear) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References | |||
Books |
| ||
Music |
| ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | A Vietnamese shrimper. Credit: Fisheries. |  | 10/23/00 - TAN SON NHAT, Vietnam (AFPN) -- Members of the Vietnamese Red Cross and the 7th Military Region here greet a U.S. Air Force C-130 Hercules, Oct. 20. The C-130 delivered a water purification system, and other relief supplies and equipment. |
 | "South China Sea . . . Crewmen of the amphibious cargo ship U.S.S. Durham (LKA-114) take Vietnamese refugees aboard from a small craft. The refugees will be transferred later by mechanized landing craft (LCM) to the freighter Transcolorado." By JO1 Mike McGougan, April 3, 1975. Credit: National Archives and Records Administration, General Records of the Department of the Navy, 1947-. |  | Dr. Edwin Brooks ... helps Vietnamese workers prepare cement ... / USPHS Photo. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |
 | Dr. Mackler examines the finger of an elderly Vietnamese man ... Credit: National Library of Medicine. |  | A young Vietnamese refugee lends a helping hand to a sailor chipping paint on board USS Bayfield (APA-33), while enroute from Haiphong to Saigon, Indochina, 7 September 1954. Note aviators' oxygen bottle at left. Credit: NAVY. |
 | A Vietnamese mother and baby are helped down the gangway of USS Estes (AGC-12), as refugees arrive at Saigon after being evacuated from the North. Credit: NAVY. |  | World as judge urging Vietnamese to release POWs. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Vietnamese soldier kicking Uncle Sam in the shin. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | U.S. helicopters arriving to air lift Vietnamese government Rangers of the 43rd battalion into battle against Viet Cong guerrillas, Saigon. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Business | English has become the language of choice for Vietnamese students. (references) | |
Millions of Vietnamese study English in a variety of institutions in the major urban centers. (references) | ||
Like other imported goods, only a Vietnamese company can be eligible to distribute medical equipment in Vietnam. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Macau | Only seven Vietnamese refugees remain in the SAR. (references) |
Vietnam | However, Huong is allowed to meet with some foreigners and Vietnamese colleagues. (references) | |
Macau | No Vietnamese refugees were repatriated in 1997 or 1998, the last period for which statistics were available. (references) | |
Economic History | Vietnam | Under Vietnamese law, the importer is the consignee. (references) |
Vietnam | Otherwise, a Vietnamese company must provide these services. (references) | |
Vietnam | Trademark enforcement needs to be implemented by Vietnamese authorities. (references) | |
Minorities | Laos | There are also ethnic Vietnamese and Chinese minorities, particularly in the towns. (references) |
Cambodia | Citizens of Chinese and Vietnamese ethnicity constitute the largest ethnic minorities. (references) | |
Cambodia | However, animosity toward ethnic Vietnamese who are seen as a threat to the nation and culture continues. (references) | |
Political Economy | Cambodia | The ethnic Vietnamese minority continued to face widespread discrimination. (references) |
Vietnam | All non-governmental Vietnamese organizations must belong to the CPV-controlled Fatherland Front. (references) | |
Vietnam | On the other hand, the Vietnamese government hesitates to approve requests to establish new business associations, often claiming they are duplicative. (references) | |
Trade | Vietnam | To avoid confusion, dates should follow the Vietnamese pattern: day/month/year. (references) |
Vietnam | Though the restrictions imposed by the IMF have expired, the Vietnamese are continuing to follow them. (references) | |
Vietnam | Many Vietnamese just do not want the bank, the government and others to know the value of their assets. (references) | |
Travel | Vietnam | Few Vietnamese probably share that optimism. (references) |
Vietnam | This is important to keep in mind when dealing with a Vietnamese organization. (references) | |
Vietnam | To distinguish individuals, Vietnamese address each other by their given names. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Laos | Some illegal immigrant Vietnamese children work selling goods on the streets of Vientiane. (references) |
Thailand | Vietnamese and Russian citizens also reportedly were trafficked to Thailand in smaller numbers. (references) | |
Macau | In 1999 2 Vietnamese women were prosecuted in Vietnam for trafficking 15 Vietnamese women to Macau for the purpose of prostitution. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Lynne Cheney | Well, I have a Vietnamese soldier in the book on the V is for valor page. And for a little kid, it's American soldiers fought bravely in Vietnam. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1963-1969 | Our South Vietnamese allies are also being tested tonight. |
Richard Nixon | 1969-1974 | As South Vietnamese forces become stronger, the rate of American withdrawal can become greater. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | Soviet-supported Vietnamese aggression in Indo-china has posed a major challenge to regional stability. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Vietnamese" is generally used as an adjective (general or positive) -- approximately 62.03% of the time. "Vietnamese" is used about 776 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adjective (general or positive) | 62.03% | 481 | 12,374 |
| Noun (common) | 22.01% | 171 | 23,814 |
| Noun (proper) | 15.57% | 121 | 29,211 |
| Noun (singular) | 0.39% | 3 | 202,518 |
| Total | 100.00% | 776 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "Vietnamese": north vietnamese ♦ vietnamese monetary unit ♦ Vietnamese traditional medicine. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "Vietnamese": vietnamese-american, Vietnamese-americans, vietnamese-backed, vietnamese-chinese, vietnamese-installed, vietnamese-language, Vietnamese-schemed, vietnamese-soviet, vietnamese-sponsored, Vietnamese-uk, Vietnamese-us. | |
Ending with "Vietnamese": franco-vietnamese, sino-vietnamese, us-vietnamese. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
vietnamese | 1,230 | vietnamese culture | 81 |
vietnamese girl | 368 | vietnamese newspaper | 73 |
vietnamese music | 335 | vietnamese nude | 69 |
vietnamese recipe | 288 | vietnamese song | 67 |
vietnamese dictionary | 216 | vietnamese name | 59 |
vietnamese mp3 | 188 | vietnamese cooking | 58 |
english to vietnamese dictionary | 186 | vietnamese translator | 57 |
vietnamese news | 180 | english to vietnamese translation | 53 |
vietnamese lyrics | 174 | english to vietnamese | 48 |
vietnamese translation | 160 | vietnamese restaurant | 47 |
vietnamese model | 143 | vietnamese pussy | 44 |
vietnamese web site | 131 | vietnamese entertainment | 43 |
vietnamese food | 126 | learn vietnamese | 43 |
vietnamese art | 115 | vietnamese radio | 40 |
vietnamese porn | 102 | vietnamese movie | 39 |
vietnamese sex | 97 | vietnamese spring roll | 39 |
vietnamese font | 92 | vietnamese chat | 39 |
vietnamese singer | 88 | vietnamese lady | 38 |
vietnamese woman | 87 | vietnamese wedding | 38 |
vietnamese language | 84 | vietnamese music download | 35 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "Vietnamese"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | Vietnamees. (various references) | |
Albanian | vietnamisht, vietnamez. (various references) | |
Asturian | Vietnamita. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | виетнамски език, виетнамски. (various references) | |
Cebuano | Vietnamis. (various references) | |
Chinese | 越南語 , 越南语, 越南 (Vietnam). (various references) | |
Czech | vietnamský, vietnamka, vietnamec, vietnamština. (various references) | |
Danish | vietnameser. (various references) | |
Dutch | Vietnamees. (various references) | |
Esperanto | vjetnamano, vjetnama. (various references) | |
Faeroese | vjetmanskt. (various references) | |
Farsi | ویتنامی , اهل ویتنام . (various references) | |
Finnish | vietnamilainen. (various references) | |
French | vietnamien. (various references) | |
Frisian | Fjetnameesk. (various references) | |
German | vietnamesisch, Vietnamesin, Vietnamese. (various references) | |
Greek | 'ιετναμέζος. (various references) | |
Hungarian | vietnami, vietnámi (Vietnamese woman). (various references) | |
Italian | vietnamita. (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | ベトナ 人 . (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | ベトナ じ". (various references) | |
Korean | 트남 (Vietnam). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ietnamesevay.(various references) | |
Portuguese | vietnamita. (various references) | |
Russian | вьетнамский. (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | vijetnamski jezik, vijetnamski, vijetnamac. (various references) | |
Spanish | vietnamita. (various references) | |
Swedish | vietnames. (various references) | |
Turkish | vietnamlı, vietnam dili, vietnam (Vietnam). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | в'"тнамський, в'"тнамець. (various references) | |
Vietnamese | người Việt nam tiếng Việt. (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-e-e-e-i-m-n-s-t-v" | |
-2 letters: easement, emetines, etamines, matinees, miseaten, misevent, naivetes. | |
-3 letters: emetine, emetins, enemies, etamine, etamins, etesian, evenest, inmates, matinee, meanest, meanies, naivest, naivete, natives, tameins, tensive, vainest. | |
-4 letters: aments, amines, animes, emetin, enates, enemas, envies, esteem, etamin, events, evites, inmate, inseam, invest, mantes, mantis, matins, mavens, mavies, mavins, meanie, mensae, mesian, mestee, misate, miseat, naives. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-e-e-e-i-m-n-s-t-v" | |
+2 letters: achievements. | |
+3 letters: advertisement, aggrievements, amativenesses, televangelism. | |
+4 letters: advertisements, advertizements, determinatives, imperativeness, meditativeness, televangelisms. | |
+5 letters: combativenesses, imitativenesses, intervalometers, nonachievements, normativenesses. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Quotations: Non-fiction | 9. Quotations: Spoken 10. Quotations: Speeches 11. Usage Frequency 12. Expressions | 13. Expressions: Internet 14. Translations: Modern 15. Abbreviations 16. Acronyms | 17. Anagrams 18. Bibliography |
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