TREATY OF LONDON

Treaty of London may refer to:

Treaty of London, 1359 ceding western France to England, repudiated by the Estates-General in Paris, 19 May 1359
Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824
Treaty of London, 1604 between England and Spain
Treaty of London, 1827 between Britain, France, and Russia for end to Turkish action in Greece
Treaty of London, 1832 between Britain, France, and Russia creating an independent Kingdom of Greece
Treaty of London, 1839 guaranteeing the neutrality of Belgium
Treaty of London, 1864 uniting the Ionian Islands with Greece
Treaty of London, 1867 guaranteeing the neutrality of Luxembourg
Treaty of London, 1913 ending the First Balkan War
Treaty of London, 1915 between the Entente powers and Italy

List of treaties
UK topics

This Treaty of London (among many others) was proposed by England, and accepted by France, in 1359.
After the Edward, the Black Prince soundly defeated the French at Poitiers (during the Hundred Years' War), where they captured Jean II of France, the French were forced to accept the English terms, which were the annexation of much of Western France. However, it was repudiated by the Paris Estates-General, which felt that too much territory was given up. This resulted in the English landing at Calais on October 28 of that year.
''See Also: Treaty of London, Hundred Years' War

This Treaty of London (among many others) ended hostilities between England and Spain. It was signed in 1604.
After the death of Queen Elizabeth I of England, King Philip III of Spain began thinking of peace. Spain's gold treasury was depleted, parts of the Spanish Netherlands had rebelled, the military of Spain was less reliable, and piracy caused shipments from the New World to be less reliable. Also, Elizabeth's death itself caused problems of the succession. The balance of power in Europe had been uncertain, and this treaty seemed to help it a bit.

This Treaty of London (among many others) was signed by the United Kingdom, France, and Russia on July 6, 1827.
The three main European great powers had called upon Greece and Turkey to cease hostilities. The allied powers had mainly wanted this treaty to cause the Ottoman Empire (the true name of Turkey at the time) to create an independent Greek state. It stated that while Turkey should recognize the independence of Greece, the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire would be the supreme ruler of Greece. However, Turkey, basing its decision upon its (supposedly) superior naval force, declined to accept the treaty. This directly caused the allied victory at the Battle of Navarino, which forcefully and effectively created the independent Greek state.

This Treaty of London (one among many) was signed at London, England (hence the name) on April 19, 1839. Its main historical significance was Article 7, which committed Britain to guard Belgium's neutrality in the event of invasion.
Belgium had previously been a province of Luxembourg. However, through various major events in Europe (not the least of which was the Napoleonic Wars), the signatories (Great Britain, Austria, France, Prussia, Russia, and the Netherlands) established the independent country of Belgium, and gave Britain this special role.
It was an important document, especially in its role in expanding World War I. The German government asked the British government, in 1914, to ignore the "scrap of paper" compelling Britain to guard Belgium's neutrality. Britain refused, and eventually, Germany invaded Belgium. At that point, British Prime Minister Herbert Asquith declared war on August 4 of the same year.

TREATY OF LONDON

Specialty Definition: Treaty of London

See also