DARK FIBRE

  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

DARK FIBRE

Specialty Definition: DARK FIBRE

DomainDefinition

Electrical Engineering

An inactive fibre-optic strand without electronics or optronics, i. e. , no connected transmitters, receivers, regenerators, etc. Source: European Union. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Definition: Dark fibre

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Dark fibre or unlit fibre (or fiber) is the name given to fibre optic cables which have yet to be used. They are hence not yet connected to any device, and are only there for future usage.

The term was originally used when talking about the potential network capacity of telecommunication infrastructure, but now also refers to a form of telecommunication network product that is purchased by network operators from fibre providers.

Dark fibre for capacity expansion

The reason that dark fibre exists in well-planned networks is that much of the cost of installing cables is in so called civils - the civil engineering work required in order to get the cables installed. This includes planning and routing, obtaining permissions, creating ducts and channels for the cables, and finally installation and connection. This work accounts for more than 60% of the cost of developing fibre networks, with only a relatively small proportion actually being invested in the optical fibre cable and high-tech networking infrastructure.

It therefore makes sense to plan for and install significantly more fibre than is needed for current demand, to provide for future expansion and provide for network redundancy in case any of the cables fail.

Dark fibre overcapacity

In the dot-com boom, a large number of telcos built out optical fibre networks, each with the business plan of cornering the market in telecommunications by providing a network with sufficient capacity to take all existing and forecast traffic for the entire region served. This was based on the assumption that telecoms traffic, particularly data traffic, was growing exponentially, and would continue to do so for the foreseeable future.

Unfortunately for them, the collapse of the dot-com boom left fibre supply greatly exceeding even the most optimistically forecast fibre demand by a factor of up to thirty in many areas. The availablity of wavelength division multiplexing further reduced the demand for fibre by increasing the capacity that could be placed on a single fibre by a factor of up to 100. As a result, the wholesale price of data traffic collapsed. This caused a number of these companies to file for bankruptcy protection, or to go bankrupt.

Just as with the railway boom, the misfortune of one sector of the market became the good fortune of another, and this overcapacity has created a whole new telecommunications market sector.

The dark fibre market

Until recently, no telco would sell dark fiber, as it regarded selling access to this core asset as commercial suicide. However, this attitude has changed due to the enormous overcapacity installed in the ground, and dark fiber is now available for sale on the wholesale market for both metro and wide area links at prices previously associated with leased line rental.

This has resulted in a market segmentation between fibre providers and network operators, which were previously the same entities.

Dark fiber capacity is typically used by network operators to build wavelength-division multiplexed networks, usually involving meshes of self-healing rings.

Managed dark fibre is a form of wavelength-division multiplexed access to otherwise dark fibre where a simple "pilot" signal is injected into the fibre by the fibre provider for management purposes.

There is also a market in "colours" where access to a dark narrowband WDM optical channel is provided over a wavelength division multiplexed fibre network that is managed at the physical level, but unlit by the network provider.

See also:

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Dark fibre."

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: DARK FIBRE

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

dark fibre

3
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translation: DARK FIBRE

Language Translations for "DARK FIBRE"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Danish

  

ubenyttet fiber (dark fiber), mørk fiber (dark fiber). (various references)

   

Dutch

  

dark fiber (dark fiber). (various references)

   

Finnish

  

käyttämätön kuitu (dark fiber). (various references)

   

French

  

fibre noire (dark fiber). (various references)

   

German

  

ungenutzte Faser (dark fiber), unbeschaltete Glasfaser (dark fiber), Reservefaser (dark fiber), passive Glasfaserverbindung (dark fiber). (various references)

   

Greek 

  

ανενεργός ίνα (dark fiber). (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

arkday ibrefay.(various references)

   

Portuguese

  

fibra escura (dark fiber). (various references)

   

Spanish

  

fibra "oscura" (dark fiber). (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Anagrams: DARK FIBRE

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Words within the letters "a-b-d-e-f-i-k-r-r"

-2 letters: barkier, braider, brakier.

-3 letters: abider, arider, barfed, barked, barker, barred, birder, birred, braked, briard, daiker, darker, debark, faired, fairer, kerria, raider.

-4 letters: abide, afire, aider, aired, airer, ardeb, baked, baker, barde, bared, barer, barre, beard, bider, biked, biker, braid, brake, bread, break, briar, bride, brief, brier, darer, deair, debar, diker, direr, drake, drear.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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INDEX

1. Expressions: Internet
2. Translations: Modern
3. Anagrams
4. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.