Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Colombia |
ColombiaNoun1. A republic in northwestern South America; the major legal crop is coffee but cocaine is also a major export. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "Colombia" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1864. (references) |
"Colombia" is a common misspelling or typo for: Columbia. |
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| CO | Danish | Republikken Colombia | Geography |
| CO | Dutch | Republiek Colombia | Geography |
| CO | English | Republic of Colombia | Geography |
| CO | Italian | Repubblica di Colombia | Geography |
| CO | Spanish | República de Colombia | Geography |
| CO | Swedish | Republiken Colombia | Geography |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
In 1969, it formed what is now the Andean Community along with Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, and Peru (Venezuela joined in 1973, and Chile left in 1976).
In the 1980s, Colombia broadened its bilateral and multilateral relations, joining the Contadora Group, the Group of Eight (now the Rio Group), and the Non-Aligned Movement, which it chaired from 1994 until September 1998. In addition, it has signed free trade agreements with Chile, Mexico, and Venezuela.
Colombia has traditionally played an active role in the United Nations and the Organization of American States and in their subsidiary agencies. Former President Cesar Gaviria became Secretary General of the OAS in September 1994 and was reelected in 1999. Colombia was a participant in the December 1994 and April 1998 Summits of the Americas and followed up on initiatives developed at the summit by hosting two post-summit, ministerial-level meetings on trade and science and technology.
Colombia regularly participates in international fora, including CICAD, the Organization of American States' body on money laundering, chemical controls, and drug abuse prevention. Although the Colombian Government ratified the 1988 UN Convention on Narcotics in 1994 -- the last of the Andean governments to do so--it took important reservations, notably to the anti-money-laundering measures, asset forfeiture and confiscation provisions, maritime interdiction, and extradition clauses. Colombia subsequently withdrew some of its reservations, most notably a reservation on extradition.
Despite the death of Medellin cartel drug kingpin Pablo Escobar in 1993 and the arrests of major Cali cartel leaders in 1995 and 1996, Colombian drug cartels remain among the most sophisticated criminal organizations in the world, controlling cocaine processing, international wholesale distribution chains, and markets. In 1999 Colombian police arrested over 30 narcotraffickers, most of them extraditable, in "Operation Millennium" involving extensive international cooperation. More arrests were made in a following "Operation Millennium II."
Colombia is engaged in a broad range of narcotics control activities. Through aerial spraying of herbicide and manual eradication, Colombia has attempted to keep coca, opium poppy, and cannabis cultivation from expanding. The government has committed itself to the eradication of all illicit crops, interdiction of drug shipments, and financial controls to prevent money laundering. Alternative development programs were introduced in 1999.
Corruption and intimidation by traffickers complicate the drug-control efforts of the institutions of government. Colombia passed revised criminal procedures code in 1993 that permits traffickers to surrender and negotiate lenient sentences in return for cooperating with prosecutors. In December 1996 and February 1997, however, the Colombian Congress passed legislation to toughen sentencing, asset forfeiture, and money-laundering penalties.
In November 1997, the Colombian Congress amended the constitution to permit the extradition of Colombian nationals, albeit not retroactively. In late 1999, President Pastrana authorized the first extradition in almost 10 years of a Colombian trafficker to stand trial for U.S. crimes. Three such extraditions to the United States have taken place, the most recent in August 2000, with cases against others pending in Colombian courts.
Disputes - international
Maritime boundary dispute with Venezuela in the Gulf of Venezuela; territorial disputes with Nicaragua over Archipelago de San Andres y Providencia and Quita Sueno BankIllicit drugs
illicit producer of coca, opium poppies, and cannabis:Narcotics Cultivation and Control
Colombia is the world's leading supplier of refined cocaine and a growing source for heroin. More than 90% of the cocaine that enters the United States is produced, processed, or transshipped in Colombia. The cultivation of coca more than doubled in 1999 to 302,500 acres from 125,700 acres in 1995, primarily in areas where government control is weak.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Foreign relations of Colombia."
Synonym: ColombiaSynonym: Republic of Colombia (n). (additional references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Bogota is in Colombia. (Charme discret de la bourgeoisie, Le; writing credit: Luis Buuel; Jean-Claude Carrière) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Se llamaría Colombia (1970) Paraíso de América Colombia (1967) Alas de Colombia (1944) Protagonista de Novela - Colombia (2002) Popstars: Colombia (2002) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References |
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Books |
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Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | NOAA Ship DAVID STARR JORDAN anchored off Island near Colombia. Credit: Sailing for Science - the NOAA Fleet Then and Now. |  | Hurricane Anna at Latitude 14.1N, Longitude 72.4 W. The coast of Colombia is to left of storm and under center cross. Credit: NOAA in Space. |
 | GOES-D sits atop Delta 152 Launch Vehicle moments before ignition and liftoff. GOES-D became GOES 4 when placed in orbit. This satellite was placed in geosynchronous orbit 22,300 miles above the nation of Colombia in South America. Credit: NOAA in Space. |  | Monotipos y dibujos, Peter Greis : Biblioteca Luis-Angel Arango del Banco de la Republica, Mayo 20 a Junio 7 de 1977, Bogota Colombia ... Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Ana Duran, batiks : Biblioteca Luis-Angel Arango del Banco de la Republica, del 9 al 18 de Mayo de 1977, Bogota, Colombia ... Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Nubes y horizontes : fotografias Rodrigo Mejia : Biblioteca Luis-Angel Arango del Banco de la Republica, Abril 19 a Mayo 6, 1977, Bogota, Colombia ... Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | El felino de Sechin : Borkas, oleos : Biblioteca Luis-Angel Arango del Banco de la Republica, Abril 19 a Mayo 6, 1977, Bogota, Colombia ... Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Oleos, Carlos Martinez Rivera : Biblioteca Luis-Angel Arango del Banco de la Republica, del 8 al 26 de Junio de 1977, Bogota, Colombia ... Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Carmenza Angarita : acrilicos y relieves : Biblioteca Luis-Angel Arango del Banco de la Republica, Mayo 20 a Junio 7 de 1977, Bogota, Colombia ... Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Esculturas y murales, Nijole Sivickas : Biblioteca Luis-Angel Arango del Banco de la Republica, Abril 19 a Mayo 6, 1977, Bogota Colombia ... Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | A more recent VEE epidemic occurred in the fall of 1995 in Venezuela and Colombia with an estimated 90,000 human infections. (references) | |
Infection with Rickettsia rickettsii has also been documented in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Panama. (references) | ||
In 1970, only DEN-2 virus was present in the Americas, although DEN-3 may have had a focal distribution in Colombia and Puerto Rico. In 1977, DEN-1 was introduced and caused major epidemics throughout the region over a 16-year period. (references) | ||
Business | Its first phase is operating and selling power to Colombia. (references) | |
The transmission line to Colombia has a 600 MW load capacity. (references) | ||
The PC software market in Colombia is greatly affected by piracy. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Spain | The largest number of applicants came from Colombia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, and Cuba. (references) |
Panama | Large groups of displaced persons periodically flee violence in Colombia by crossing the border into Panama. (references) | |
Panama | By the end of the year, approximately 200 Colombians remained in Jaque, while others returned to Colombia voluntarily or migrated elsewhere in Panama. (references) | |
Economic History | Colombia | Until 1997, Colombia had enjoyed a fairly stable economy. (references) |
Colombia | Import Licenses: Colombia has two types of import licenses. (references) | |
Colombia | Direct marketing is rapidly gaining popularity in Colombia. (references) | |
Human Rights | Ecuador | In June police in Colombia arrested more than 50 suspects connected with the case. (references) |
Panama | Twenty-seven of the 210 were Panamanians, while the rest were citizens of Colombia, Jamaica, Haiti, Nicaragua, El Salvador, Spain, and Jordan. (references) | |
Colombia | On March 14, ELN guerrillas attacked a wellhead belonging to Occidental Petroleum Colombia and kidnaped an unarmed guard, who was released uninjured a week later. (references) | |
Political Economy | COLOMBIA | Colombia denies market access to foreign maritime insurers. (references) |
Colombia | High levels of economic crime continued to plague business in Colombia. (references) | |
COLOMBIA | Colombia limits foreign ownership of telecommunication companies to 70 percent. (references) | |
Trade | Colombia | OPIC reinstated its programs in Colombia immediately after recertification. (references) |
Panama | These countries (including Colombia) buy approximately 50% of all exports from the CFZ. (references) | |
Colombia | General trade finance is freely available and letters of credit are widely used in Colombia. (references) | |
Travel | Colombia | Hotels: There is a wide variety of hotels in Colombia. (references) |
Colombia | Internet connections are coming into increasing use in Colombia. (references) | |
Colombia | Airports: All business travel between cities in Colombia is by air. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Sweden | There have been occasional cases of trafficked women from Colombia and Cuba. (references) |
Costa Rica | Isolated cases of trafficking have involved persons from Africa, Asia, Bolivia, China, Colombia, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, and the Middle East. (references) | |
Japan | Women and girls from Colombia, Brazil, Mexico, South Korea, Malaysia, Burma, and Indonesia also were trafficked into the country in smaller numbers. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Dennis Miller | Countries like Peru, Colombia, and Bolivia produce and export drugs because their only other economic alternatives do not bring in nearly enough money. |
Rush Limbaugh | The papers have stories on the explosions in Colombia and a study finding children's aid goes to adults and a dozen other relatively unimportant stories, but nothing on this scandal that affected every single American! |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
James Monroe | 1817-1825 | With the Republic of Colombia a treaty of commerce has been formed, of which a copy is received and the original daily expected. |
Andrew Jackson | 1829-1837 | I have great satisfaction in communicating the success which has attended the exertions of our minister in Colombia to procure a very considerable reduction in the duties on our flour in that Republic. |
Gerald Ford | 1974-1977 | As President, I have talked personally with the leaders of Mexico, Colombia, and Turkey to urge greater efforts by their Governments to control effectively the production and shipment of hard drugs. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | We have a long-standing treaty with Colombia on Quita Sueno, Roncador, and Serrano which remains to be ratified by the Senate. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Colombia" is generally used as a noun (proper) -- approximately 99.82% of the time. "Colombia" is used about 542 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (proper) | 99.82% | 541 | 11,416 |
| Noun (singular) | 0.18% | 1 | 339,140 |
| Total | 100.00% | 542 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name |
| Colombia | Aerovias Nacionales de Colombia (Avianca) SA |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "Colombia": capital of Colombia ♦ Republic of Colombia. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "Colombia": colombia-style. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
colombia | 4,634 | san andres colombia | 85 |
bogota colombia | 1,481 | colombia de historia | 82 |
medellin colombia | 928 | colombia history | 80 |
santa marta colombia | 744 | colombia uol | 76 |
colombia hotel | 598 | colombia de nacional universidad | 74 |
cartagena colombia | 336 | colombia telecom | 72 |
cali colombia | 290 | colombia chat | 71 |
colombia de periodicos | 223 | colombia de universidades | 69 |
map of colombia | 209 | colombia de fotos | 65 |
colombia picture | 169 | colombia flag | 63 |
barranquilla colombia | 164 | colombia newspaper | 63 |
colombia el tiempo | 150 | mapa colombia | 63 |
caracol colombia | 149 | periodicos colombia | 62 |
colombia house | 149 | colombia radio | 61 |
colombia south america | 129 | british colombia | 59 |
colombia de mapa | 113 | colombia de periodicos revistas y | 58 |
pereira colombia | 110 | movil colombia | 54 |
colombia miss | 97 | colombia sexo | 54 |
rcn colombia | 94 | diarios de colombia | 53 |
plan colombia | 86 | colombia manizales | 51 |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "Colombia"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Albanian | Kolumbi. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulgarian | Колумбия. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | "伦"亚 (Colombian, Columbia, Columbian), "倫"亞 (Columbia). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Czech | Kolumbie. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | Colombia (Republic of Colombia), CO (carbon monoxide, Republic of Colombia), Republikken Colombia (Republic of Colombia). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | Colombia (Republic of Colombia). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Esperanto | Kolombio. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Faeroese | Kolumbia. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | CO (Republic of Colombia), Kolumbian tasavalta (Republic of Colombia), Kolumbia (Republic of Colombia). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | Colombie (Republic of Colombia). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Kolumbien (Colombia (co), columbia). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | CO (Republic of Colombia), Κολομβία (Republic of Colombia), "ημοκρατία της Κολομβίας (Republic of Colombia), ίολομβία. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hungarian | Colombia. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | Colombia (Republic of Colombia). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 콜롬비아. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Macedonian | Kolumbija. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Papiamen | Kolombia. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | olombiacay colômbia (Republic of Colombia). (various references) Колумбия. (various references) kolumbija (columbia). (various references) Colombia (Republic of Colombia). (various references) Colombia (Republic of Colombia). (various references) Kolombiya. (various references) Kolombiya. (various references) Колумбія. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Misspellings | |
"Colombia" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Callimba, Colcombe, Collobm, coloboma, Colomba, Colombes, columbiade, Coromba, Kolonji. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "a-b-c-i-l-m-o-o" | |
-2 letters: abloom, colobi, oomiac. | |
-3 letters: aboil, bloom, cibol, claim, climb, clomb, cobia, comal, combo, coomb, limba, limbo, malic, moola, oboli. | |
-4 letters: ambo, bail, balm, bima, blam, bloc, boil, bola, bolo, boom, calm, calo, ciao, clam, coal, coil, cola, coma, comb, cool, iamb, laic, lamb, lima, limb, limo, loam, lobo, loca, loci, loco, loom, mail. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-b-c-i-l-m-o-o" | |
+3 letters: bromouracil, coxcombical. | |
+4 letters: biomolecular, bromouracils, monosyllabic, nonmicrobial. | |
+5 letters: biocompatible, blastomycosis, combinational, combinatorial, companionable, companionably, embryological, macroglobulin, noncompatible. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Quotations: Non-fiction | 9. Quotations: Spoken 10. Quotations: Speeches 11. Usage Frequency 12. Names: Company Usage | 13. Expressions 14. Expressions: Internet 15. Translations: Modern 16. Abbreviations | 17. Acronyms 18. Derivations 19. Anagrams 20. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
