Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Construction |
ConstructionNoun1. The act of constructing or building something; "during the construction we had to take a detour"; "his hobby was the building of boats". 2. The commercial activity involved in constructing buildings; "their main business is home construction"; "workers in the building trades". 3. A thing constructed; a complex construction or entity; "the structure consisted of a series of arches"; "she wore her hair in an amazing construction of whirls and ribbons". 4. A group of words that form a constituent of a sentence and are considered as a single unit; "I concluded from his awkward constructions that he was a foreigner". 5. The creation of a construct; the process of combining ideas into a congruous object of thought. 6. An interpretation of a text or action; "they put an unsympathetic construction on his conduct". 7. Drawing a figure satisfying certain conditions as part of solving a problem or proving a theorem; "the assignment was to make a construction that could be used in proving the Pythagorean theorem". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "construction" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1350. (references) |
Etymology: Construction \Con*struc"tion\, noun. [Latin expression constructio: compare to the French expression construction.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | The process of creating a Target of Evaluation. Source: European Union. (references) |
Language | A significant group of words or morphemes among which there is a direct connection. Source: European Union. (references) |
Nuclear Energy & Physics | The process of manufacturing and assembling the components of a Nuclear Power Plant, the erection of civil works and structures, the installation of components and equipment, and the performance of associated tests. Source: European Union. (references) |
Statistics | The construction index measures changes in the production of buildings and public works. Source: European Union. (references) |
| An employment index which measures the changes in the total number of persons employed who are engaged in the productive activity of construction sector. Source: European Union. (references) | |
| An index of industrial production which measures changes in the volume of the gross value added created by the construction sector. Source: European Union. (references) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Building Construction
Design
In the modern industrialized world, building construction usually involves the translation of paper of computer based designs into reality. The design usually consists of drawings and specifications, usually prepared by a design team including architects and structural engineers.During the industrial age, the design team has usually been employed by the client. In this case once the design is completed a number of construction companies or construction management companies may then be asked to tender for the work, either based directly on the design, or on the basis of drawings and a bill of quantities provided by a surveyor, and a contract is awarded on the basis of lowest cost.
However in more recent times it has become more common to ask construction management companies to prepare a design and to provide an accompanying quotation. In this case the construction company will employ and work in close cooperation with the design team. Especially as the technology and techniques used in non-domestic construction can become highly complex, it becomes increasingly difficult for architects and engineers alone to produce efficeint designs, and using the expertise of the construction management company has many advantages in terms of practicality, cost and time savings. With the construction company in charge of the design, extra costs for the client are frequently also minimised, provided the client is able to resist requesting design changes.
In this case the client may not necessarily select the construction company on the basis of construction cost, but perhaps on design quality or on the projected "total lifetime cost" of the building, including running and maintenance costs.
Traditional Construction Trades and Elements
- brickwork
- carpentry and joinery
- drainage
- Heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning
- foundations
- glazing
- joinery
- masonry
- painting and decorating
- plastering
- plumbing
- roof
- shoring
- stone
- timber
See Also
- Autonomous buildings
- Computer aided design
- Construction engineering
- Civil engineering
- Intelligent buildings
- Project management
- Architectural Engineer
- Clerk of the Works
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Building construction."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Construction on the North Bytown Bridge in Ottawa, Canada. A crane gets ready to lower a barge into the water. This barge will be placed under any cutting work on the bridge to lessen the environmental impact. Note the concrete barricades and snow fencing in place to protect the public and workers.
Larger version
In civil engineering, construction is the building or assembly of any infrastructure. Although this may be thought of as a single activity, in fact construction is a feat of multitasking. Normally the job is managed by the project manager, supervised on site by the design engineer and foreman, scrutinized closely by the stakeholders, and often, when construction delays occur, detested by the public.
The successful execution of a project often is more the result of effective planning than anything else. Those involved with the design and execution of the infrastructure in question must consider the environmental impact of the job, the successful scheduling, budgeting, site safety, inconvenience to the public caused by construction delays, preparing tender documents, etc...
See also
- Archicture
- Philosophy
- Informatics
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Construction."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| const. | English | Construction | Building & Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: ConstructionSynonyms: building (n), expression (n), grammatical construction (n), mental synthesis (n), structure (n), twist (n). (additional references) |
| Antonym: misconstruction (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Falsehood | Misstate, misquote, miscite, misreport, misrepresent; belie, falsify, pervert, distort; put a false construction upon; (misinterpret) |
Form | Form, figure, shape; conformation, configuration; make, formation, frame, construction, cut, set, build, trim, cut of one's jib; stamp, type, cast, mold; fashion; contour; (outline); structure; plasmature. |
Interpretation | Take in a particular sense, understand in a particular sense, receive in a particular sense, accept in a particular sense; understand by, put a construction on, be given to understand. |
Acception, acceptation, acceptance; light, reading, lection, construction, version. | |
Misinterpretation | Misrepresentation, perversion, exaggeration; false coloring, false construction; abuse of terms; parody, travesty; falsification; (lying). |
Misrepresent, pervert; explain wrongly, misstate; garble; (falsify); distort, detort; travesty, play upon words; stretch the sense, strain the sense, stretch the meaning, strain the meaning, wrest the sense, wrest the meaning; explain away; put a bad construction on, put a false construction on; give a false coloring. | |
Production | Noun: {ant., } production, creation, construction, formation, fabrication, manufacture; building, architecture, erection, edification; coinage; diaster; organization; nisus formativus; putting together; Verb: establishment; workmanship, performance; achievement; (completion). |
Texture | Noun: structure (form), organization, anatomy, frame, mold, fabric, construction; framework, carcass, architecture; stratification, cleavage. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Oh, you mean the construction work that's going on. Yes, I'm very embarrassed about that (Beverly Hills Cop II; writing credit: Eddie Murphy; Robert D. Wachs) Fourteen! Jesus! Somebody starting a construction company (Die Hard: With a Vengeance; writing credit: Jonathan Hensleigh) Aye, Sir. I think they're tunneling in from that construction site (Caddyshack; writing credit: Brian Doyle-Murray; Harold Ramis) Oh yeah! There are so many ways to die in New York City! Race riots, drive by shootings, subway crashes, construction cranes collapsing on the sidewalks, manhole covers blowing up and asbestos shooting into the sky. (Denis Leary: No Cure for Cancer; writing credit: Denis Leary) Construction arises out of the ashes of destruction (The Prisoner; writing credit: Dennis Marks) | |
Clever | The road to success is always under construction. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | N.Y. Construction Company (1970) Construction Gang (1970) Explosives: A Construction Aid (1958) La Construction lourde (1950) Our Construction (1946) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
References |
| ||
Books |
| ||
Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
High Tech |
| ||
Consumer Goods |
| ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Shown is an aerial view of NIH in 1948, with the Clinical Center under construction in the foreground. Credit: Unknown photographer/artist. |  | The image shows a construction worker on a construction site, reading a blue print. There are several variations of this slide. Credit: Unknown photographer/artist. |
 | Second phase of construction for Maximum Containment lab, CDC, Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA. Credit: CDC. |  | Construction of maximum containment lab at CDC, Clifton Road. Credit: CDC. |
 | Construction of the 30 x 60 Foot Wind Tunnel at Ames. Credit: NASA. |  | VAB Construction. Credit: NASA. |
 | New Hubble telescope images unveil what may be galaxies under construction in the early ... Credit: NASA. |  | SeaStar and SeaWiFS Construction Photo Archive. Credit: NASA. |
 | The first picture of a Bilby portable steel tower under construction Bilby towers were made of prefabricated steel parts that could be reused These towers were designed by Jasper Bilby, chief signalman of the C&GS. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |  | Photos #1-4 show beginning of construction of 50-foot tower at Station Tatum Triangulation party of Wilbur Porter Photos 1-4 of sequence. Credit: Coast & Geodetic Survey Historical Image Collection. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Building under construction" by Mark Low Commentary: "Old versus new, dutch old warehouse versus new harbour appartment building. If you use it, please email me. I just like to know (and see) how it gets used." | "Construction site" by Gabriel Rezende Souza Commentary: "Construction site near a bridge at Brasília, Brazil." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Play | Caption |
 | Construction worker using a pneumatic nailgun to nail in walls. |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
Marbury v. Madison | 1803 | The subsequent part of the section is mere surplusage, is entirely without meaning, if such is to be the construction. (reference) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | The cost of construction shall be borne by the Czecho-Slovak State. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | The vessels in process of construction are seen there under glass cases, so to speak |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Nosocomial infection may be associated with dust exposure during building renovation or construction. (references) | |
Basic units of heredity that direct almost every aspect of the construction, operation, and repair of living organisms. (references) | ||
Persons in areas with endemic disease who have occupations exposing them to dust (e.g., construction or agricultural workers, and archeologists). (references) | ||
Business | A second plant at Atucha is currently under construction. (references) | |
This report deals with steel frame construction in Argentina. (references) | ||
Korea relies heavily upon the importation of construction cranes. (references) | ||
Children | Brazil | An NGO in Niteroi began construction of a sports complex for the disabled. (references) |
Panama | A 1999 national law with similar requirements for new construction projects generally is enforced. (references) | |
China | Since 1997, there have been credible reports of new construction, renovation, and improved care in some areas. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | Uganda | Permits were necessary for the construction of facilities, including religious facilities. (references) |
Russia | The Hare Krishna face eviction from their place of worship for the construction of a new road. (references) | |
Moldova | Unregistered religions cannot buy land or obtain construction permits for churches or seminaries. (references) | |
Economic History | Turkey | To date, no construction has occurred. (references) |
India | FDI is not allowed in housing/office construction. (references) | |
Netherlands | The Dutch construction industry is also doing well. (references) | |
Human Rights | France | However, no construction or closures had begun by year's end. (references) |
Brazil | The planned construction is not sufficient to alleviate existing overcrowding problems. (references) | |
Argentina | Budget austerity has deferred indefinitely planned construction of additional facilities. (references) | |
Indigenous People | Brazil | Road construction and deforestation are also threats. (references) |
Malaysia | In 1996 a suit was brought by Orang Asli Temuans who lost land during the construction of the Kuala Lumpur International Airport highway. (references) | |
India | In the Jharkhand area, tribal people complain that they have been relegated to unskilled mining jobs, have lost their forests to industrial construction, and have been displaced by development projects. (references) | |
Minorities | Germany | Subsequently the city denied a construction permit. (references) |
Georgia | By year's end, no further construction had taken place on the land. (references) | |
Ethiopia | Many of the Christians began to destroy the construction site, and violence broke out. (references) | |
Political Economy | MOROCCO | These apply primarily to packaging, metallurgy, and construction. (references) |
MALAYSIA | In October 1996 it raised duties on construction equipment from 5 to 20 percent. (references) | |
Czech Republic | The work force is employed primarily in industry, retail trade, and construction. (references) | |
Political Rights | Saudi Arabia | Feedback is filtered through private personal channels and has affected various policy issues, including the Middle East peace process, unemployment of young Saudi men, and the construction of new infrastructure. (references) |
Trade | Taiwan | This means that market access for U.S. exports of wood construction products is limited. (references) |
Peru | Some industry standards are being developed in the private electronics and construction industries. (references) | |
Travel | Ghana | New buildings are under construction and old ones are being renovated. (references) |
Chad | This scarcity is due in part in the lack of construction materials and the high cost of energy. (references) | |
Guinea | Housing: There has been an increase in construction in recent years and ample housing is available for expatriate businesspersons in Conakry. (references) | |
Women | Bangladesh | Many women work as manual laborers on construction projects as well, and constitute nearly 25 percent of all manufacturing workers. (references) |
Vietnam | Very poor women, especially in rural areas but also in cities, perform menial work in construction, waste removal, and other jobs for extremely low wages. (references) | |
Brazil | The rising demand of women and their children to stay in the shelters exceeds capacity, and the Rio state government began construction of additional facilities during the year. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Cote d'Ivoire | A slightly higher minimum wage rate applies for construction workers. (references) |
Singapore | Most foreign construction workers live on-site in substandard conditions. (references) | |
United Arab Emirates | In Ajman a worker died after falling into a well that was under construction. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | HURRICANE, n. An atmospheric demonstration once very common but now generally abandoned for the tornado and cyclone. The hurricane is still in popular use in the West Indies and is preferred by certain old-fashioned sea-captains. It is also used in the construction of the upper decks of steamboats, but generally speaking, the hurricane's usefulness has outlasted it. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Thomas Jefferson | 1801-1809 | Circumstances permitted us to allow the time necessary for their more solid construction. |
John Quincy Adams | 1825-1829 | But nearly twenty years have passed since the construction of the first national road was commenced. |
Andrew Jackson | 1829-1837 | Although this proposition was refused by a direct vote of the Convention, the object was afterwards in effect obtained by its ingenious advocates through a strained construction of the Constitution. |
Harry S. Truman | 1945-1953 | Our public works program should be timed to reach its peak after demand for private construction has begun to taper off. |
John F. Kennedy | 1961-1963 | I sent to the Congress last year a proposal for Federal aid to public school construction and teachers' salaries. |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1963-1969 | Every American community will benefit from the construction or modernization of schools, libraries, hospitals, and nursing homes, from the training of more nurses and from the improvement of urban renewal in public transit. |
Gerald Ford | 1974-1977 | To alleviate this problem at the Federal level, my new budget proposes the construction of four new Federal facilities. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | Strengthening the fleet is important, but we must also maintain our shipbuilding base for future ship construction. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | From coast to coast, on the job and in classrooms and laboratories, at new construction sites and in churches and community groups, neighbors are helping neighbors. |
George Bush | 1989-1993 | My plan would encourage real estate construction by extending tax incentives for mortgage-revenue bonds and low-income housing. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Construction" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 97.84% of the time. "Construction" is used about 5,964 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 97.84% | 5,835 | 1,667 |
| Noun (proper) | 1.74% | 104 | 31,955 |
| Noun (common) | 0.42% | 25 | 69,787 |
| Total | 100.00% | 5,964 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name | Country | Name |
| Belgium | Moury Construction S.A. | Canada | BFC Construction Inc. |
| Egypt | Madinet Nasr for Housing & Construction | France | Opera Construction |
| Greece | Balafas Construction S.A. | Hong Kong | Chevalier Construction Holdings Limited |
| India | Nagarjuna Construction Company Limited | Japan | Ataka Construction & Engineering Co Ltd |
| Malaysia | Construction And Supplies House Berhad | South Africa | Grinaker Construction Limited |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "construction": aircraft construction ♦ be under construction ♦ bored tunnel construction method ♦ breadboard construction ♦ caravel construction ♦ carvel construction ♦ clause construction ♦ cockpit floor construction ♦ cockpit roof construction ♦ colonial construction ♦ construction boom ♦ construction engineer ♦ construction firm ♦ construction in single units ♦ construction industry ♦ construction kit ♦ construction line ♦ construction loan ♦ Construction of an equation ♦ construction of ships ♦ construction paper ♦ construction site ♦ construction timber ♦ Construction train ♦ construction work ♦ construction worker ♦ construction workers ♦ construction works ♦ Eli Compiler Construction System ♦ Facility Design and Construction ♦ fin construction ♦ GMD Toolbox for Compiler Construction ♦ grammatical construction ♦ Hospital Design and Construction ♦ individual construction ♦ it is in the course of construction ♦ jargon Construction ♦ log crib construction ♦ method of construction ♦ monolithic construction ♦ pregnant construction ♦ prepare under construction ♦ put a construction on ♦ put a false construction on ♦ rigid construction ♦ rigid type construction ♦ road construction ♦ sandwich construction ♦ sentence construction ♦ structural sandwich construction ♦ survey of construction ♦ syntactic construction ♦ tractor construction ♦ Transit Computerisation Project, Construction and Initial Implementation Phase ♦ under construction ♦ unwrapped construction ♦ value of new construction put in place. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "construction": construction-industry, construction-projects, construction-related, construction-worker. | |
Ending with "construction": pre-construction, re-construction. | |
Containing "construction": Purdue Compiler-Construction Tool Set. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "construction"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | gebou (building), aanbou (add, building). (various references) | |
Albanian | ndërtesë (architecture, building, edifice, house, structure, upbuilding). (various references) | |
Arabic | مبنى (building, diction, formative, phraseology, phrasing, premises, structure, style, wording), تفسير (commentary, exegesis, exegetics, explanation, explanatory, explication, layout, reading), عمران (inhabitedness, prosperity), العمران, رسم شكل هندسي, بنية (armature, build, fabric, figure, format, formation, framework, gestalt, make up, organism, structure, substructure, texture), بناء مهنة (building, mason), بناء عمارة. (various references) | |
Bulgarian | структура (architecture, conformation, contexture, fabric, formation, frame, framework, ordonnance, pattern, set up, structure), строене, строеж (conformation, design, formation, grain, make up, making, mechanism, pattern, set up, structure, texture, turn), строителство (building), тълкуване (exegesis, explanation, exposition, gloss, interpretation, note, reading, rendering, translation), конструкция (design, make up), построяване (building, erection, making, shaping, upbuilding), постройка (edifice, erection, fabric, structure), построение, изграждане (becoming, building, establishment, upbuilding). (various references) | |
Catalan | edifici (building). (various references) | |
Chinese | 施工 , 工作 (job, task, work), 建設 (constructive, to build, to construct), 建立 (build, creation, establish, set up), 建筑 (Architectonic, Architectural). (various references) | |
Czech | výstavba, výklad (commentation, explanation, exposition, interpretation, reading, shop window, version), stavba (building, fabrication, structure), stavìní, montáž (assembly, erection, montage), konstrukce (design, frame, structure, tree), interpretace (interpretation, performance, rendering, rendition). (various references) | |
Danish | konstruktion (design), bygning (building). (various references) | |
Dutch | constructie (building, structure), bouwwerk (building), bouw (building, culture, structure). (various references) | |
Farsi | ساختمان (Anatomy, Frame, Make, Mechanism, Skeleton, Stance, Structure), عمارت (Edifice, Hall). (various references) | |
Finnish | rakennusteollisuus (building activity, building industry, construction industry), rakennus (building, edifice, structure), rakenne (structure). (various references) | |
French | construction (construct), bâtiment (construction industry). (various references) | |
Frisian | oanbou (building), gebou (building), bou (agriculture, farming, farmland, tillage). (various references) | |
German | Bauwerk (building, edifice), Bau (building, burrow, den, earth, erection, fabric, guardhouse, hole, lair, location, Lodge, pen, sett, slammer, structure, workings), Konstruktion (assembly, construct, design), Gebäude (building, buildings, construct, edifice, erection, place, structure), errichtung (edification, erection, establishment, location, setting up), Erbauung (edification, uplift), anlage (aptitude, arrangement, conception, enclosure, equipment, garden, grounds, installation, investment, layout, location, Park, plant, planting, predisposition, processor, scheme, structure, system, talent, tendency, unit). (various references) | |
Greek | κατασκευή (make, making, manufacture, milling, structure). (various references) | |
Hawaiian | ndërtesë (building). (various references) | |
Hebrew | פרוש (abstemious, abstinent, chaste, commentary, exegesis, explanation, interpretation, reading, seclusive, self denying), הקמה (assembly, erection, establishment, foundation, setting up), בנין (building, erection, masonry, structure), בנייה, בניה (building), בנוי (built up, reconstruction), בנאות (building, masonry). (various references) | |
Hungarian | épület (building, edifice, erection, house, premises). (various references) | |
Icelandic | bygging (building). (various references) | |
Indonesian | persekutuan (alliance, camaraderie, communion, confederacy, confederation), pembuatan (fabrication, production), pembangunan (development, erection, foundation), konstruksi. (various references) | |
Italian | costruzione (build, building, fabrication, manufacture, provision), edificio (build, building, edifice, fabric, house, structure). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 普請 (building), 敷設 (laying a road). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | せつえい, ちくぞう (building), けんちく (architecture), けんせつ (concurrent post, establishment), けんぞう (building), けっこう (architecture, cancellation of lecture or class, carrying out, circulation, delicious, doing, nice, splendid, suspension of service, sweet, tolerably, well enough, wonderful), こうちく, こうさく (blending, cable, complication, cultivation, farming, handicraft, maneuvering, mixture, steel wire rope, work), えいぞう (building, image, reflection, silhouette), かせつ (auspicious occasion, building, fictional, hypothesis, provisional, supposition, temporary), ぞうえい (building), つくりかた (how to grow, recipe, style of building, way of making, workmanship), ふせつ (affiliated structure or institute, an annex, check, groundless rumor, laying, tally), ふしん (building, center of buoyancy, depression, discredit, disloyalty, distrust, doing everything one can, doubt, dullness, incomplete understanding, infidelity, insincerity, mistrust, perfidy, question, racking one's brains, slump, stagnation, strangeness, suspicion, taking pains to, unfaithfulness), さくず (drawing), くみたて (assembly, erection, framework, freshly drawn, organization), そしき (organization, structure, system, tissue), しくみ (arrangement, contrivance, plan, plot, structure), こうぞう (structure). (various references) | |
Korean | 건축 (Architectural). (various references) | |
Lombard | palazz (building). (various references) | |
Malay | bangunan (building). (various references) | |
Manx | troggalaght (infectiousness), toiggal (apprehension, comprehend, construe, figure; comprehension, realization, realize, understand), jeantys (manufacture, manufactured goods), jannoo (accomplish, accomplishment, act, build, cast, coalesce, commit, committal, compose, conferment, conformation, construct, create, deal, deed, do, effect, execute, fabricate, fashion, fend, fill, follow out, formation, goings on, keep, make, manufacture, perform, performance, performing, perpetrate, perpetration, persuance, practise, produce, production, render; doing, structure, style, transact, transaction, transactions). (various references) | |
Norwegian | bygning (building). (various references) | |
Papiamen | konstrukshon (building), edifisio (building). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | onstructioncay.(various references) | |
Polish | budynek (building), budowla (building). (various references) | |
Portuguese | construção (building, construct, erection, fabric, framing, making). (various references) | |
Romanian | construire (building, erection, fabrication, making), construcţie (architecture, build, building, built, design, edifice, fabric, frame, framework, make up, pile, structure, style, texture), clådire (building), clãdire (building, edifice, fabric, structure), zidire (building), interpretare (acting, execution, exposition, intendment, interpretation, paraphrase, performance, reading, rendering, rendition), explicaţie (account, cause, exegesis, explanation, gloss, purport, Rede), alcãtuialã (building). (various references) | |
Russian | строение (bdg building, bldg building, building, erection, fabric, frame, grain, pattern, structure, texture), строительство (building, construction of, development), сооружение (building, edifice, erection, frame, structure), конструкция (design, frame, framework, structure), построение (parade, ramping up), истолкование (illumination). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | konstrukcija, izgradnja (build up, building, upbuilding), građevina (building, edifice, structure), građenje. (various references) | |
Spanish | construcción (accommodation, adjustment, arrangement, building, building trade, erection, making, setting up, structure). (various references) | |
Swedish | konstruktion (construct, design, designing, erection, fabric, fabrication, framework), byggnad (architecture, build, building, buildings, edifice, erection, setup, structure). (various references) | |
Tagalog | gusalì (building). (various references) | |
Thai | ตีความ (put a construction on). (various references) | |
Turkish | yorum (comment, commentary, exegesis, exercise, explanation, explication, gloss, interpretation, observation, paraphrase, reading, remark, rendering, rendition, version), yapma (accomplishment, acquittal, artificial, cut it out, drop it, dummy, execution, exercise, fulfillment, fulfilment, go on, imitated, implement, making, perpetration, postiche, pursuance, sham, spurious, stop it), yapı (architecture, being, blood, build, building, chemistry, composition, conformation, constitution, contexture, corpus, disposition, edifice, erection, fabric, fiber, fibre, form, frame, framework, habit, habit of body, make, make up, making, Mold, mould, nature, organism, presence, quality, set up, strain, structural, structure, system, texture, works), kurma (building, constitution, contrivance, erecting, erection, establishment, forming, foundation, hatcher, hatching, installation, installment, instalment, institution, promotion, wind, winding up), inşaat (architecture, building, constructional, constructive, structures), inşa etme (building), inşa (building, fabric), bína (building), anlam (acceptation, content, denotation, effect, explanation, hang, import, inference, meaning, point, purport, purview, sense, significance, significancy, signification, sound, strain, tenor), çizim (drawing, ichno-, illustration, picture, technical drawing). (various references) | |
Turkmen | konstruksiяa (r) (design), gurluюlyk, gurluю. (various references) | |
Ukrainian | споруда (building, erection), тлумаченння, конструкція (build, frame, works), будування (creation), будівництво. (various references) | |
Vietnamese | nhà làm bằng gỗ chống cháy (mill construction). (various references) | |
Welsh | cystrawen (syntax), saerni%aeth (workmanship), adeiladaeth (architecture, building, edification). (various references) | |
Yucatec | nahil (building). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | structura, structuram. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "construction": constructional, constructionally, constructionist, constructionists, constructions. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "construction": deconstruction, misconstruction, nonconstruction, reconstruction. (additional references) | |
Words containing "construction": deconstructionist, deconstructionists, deconstructions, misconstructions, nonconstructions, reconstructionism, reconstructionisms, reconstructionist, reconstructionists, reconstructions. (additional references) | |
| |
"Construction" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: connstruction, consrtuction, constructionn, construnction, constuction, contrubtion, contruction, costruction. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "construction" (pronounced kunstru"kshun) |
| 11 | k u n s t r u" k sh u n | deconstruction, reconstruction. |
| 9 | -n s t r u" k sh u n | instruction. |
| 8 | -s t r u" k sh u n | destruction, obstruction. |
| 5 | -u" k sh u n | abduction, conduction, deduction, induction, introduction, overproduction, production, reduction, reintroduction, reproduction, seduction, suction. |
| 4 | -k sh u n | faction, fiction, abstraction, action, addiction, advection, affection, affliction, attraction, auction, benediction, circumspection, collection, complexion, compunction, concoction, confection, conjunction, connection, constriction, contraction, contradiction, convection, conviction, correction, crucifixion, defection, depiction, dereliction, detection, diction, diffraction, direction, disaffection, disconnection, disinfection, dissatisfaction, dissection, distinction, distraction, dysfunction, ejection, election, erection, eviction, exaction, extinction, extraction, flexion, fraction, friction, function, imperfection, inaction, infarction, infection, inflection, infliction, infraction, injection, injunction, inspection, insurrection, interaction, interconnection, interdiction, interjection, intersection, introspection, junction, jurisdiction, liposuction, liquefaction, malfunction, midsection, nonfiction, objection, overprotection, overreaction, perfection, prediction, predilection, preelection, projection, protection, reaction, recollection, redirection, reelection, reflection, reinspection, rejection, restriction, resurrection, retraction, sanction, satisfaction, section, selection, subsection, subtraction, traction, transaction, transection. |
| 3 | -sh u n | facilitation, falsification, fascination, fashion, federation, fermentation, fertilization, fibrillation, figuration, filtration, fission, abrogation, absolution, absorption, academician, acceleration, accession, acclimation, accommodation, abbreviation, abdication, aberration, abolition, abomination, abortion, accreditation, accretion, accumulation, accusation, acidification, acquisition, activation, adaptation, addition, adjudication, administration, admiration, admission, admonition, adoption, adoration, adulation, advocation, affectation, affiliation, affirmation, agglomeration, aggravation, aggression, agitation, alienation, allegation, alleviation, alliteration, allocation, alphabetization, alteration, altercation, alternation, amalgamation, ambition, amelioration, ammunition, amortization, amplification, amputation, animation, annexation, annihilation, annotation, antiabortion, anticipation, anticorruption, antidiscrimination, apparition, appellation, application, apportion, appreciation, apprehension, approbation, appropriation, approximation, arbitration, argumentation, articulation, ascension, ashen, aspiration, assassination, assertion, assimilation, association, assumption, attention, attribution, attrition, audition, augmentation, authentication, authorization, automation, aviation, avocation, balkanization, beautician, bifurcation, brutalization, calculation, calibration, cancellation, cannibalization, capitalization, capitulation, caption, carburetion, carnation, castration, categorization, causation, caution, celebration, centralization, certification, cessation, cetacean, characterization, circulation, citation, civilization, clarification, classification, clinician, coagulation, coalition, codification, coercion, cogeneration, cogitation, cognition, cohabitation, collaboration, collectivization, colonization, coloration, colorization, combination, commemoration, commendation, commercialization, commission, commotion, communication, communization, compassion, compensation, competition, compilation, completion, complication, composition, comprehension, compression, compulsion, computation, computerization, concatenation, concentration, conception, conceptualization, concession, conciliation, concussion, condemnation, condensation, condescension, condition, confabulation, confederation, confession, configuration, confirmation, confiscation, conflagration, confrontation, conglomeration, congratulation, congregation, conjugation, conniption, connotation, conscription, consecration, conservation, consideration, consolation, consolidation, constellation, consternation, constipation, constitution, consultation, consummation, consumption, contamination, contemplation, contention, continuation, contortion, contraception, contraption, contribution, contrition, convention, conversation, convocation, convolution, convulsion, cooperation, coordination, coronation, corporation, correlation, corroboration, corruption, counterrevolution, creation, cremation, criminalization, crustacean, culmination, cultivation, cushion, dalmatian, damnation, decaffeination, decapitation, deceleration, decentralization, deception, decertification, decimation, declaration, decommission, decomposition, decompression, decontamination, decoration, decriminalization, dedication, defamation, definition, deflation, deforestation, deformation, degeneration, degradation, dehumanization, dehydration, deification, deinstitutionalization, delegation, deletion, deliberation, delineation, demarcation, demilitarization, demobilization, democratization, demodulation, demolition, demonization, demonstration, demoralization, demotion, denationalization, denomination, dentition, denuclearization, denunciation, depletion, depopulation, deportation, deposition, depravation, depreciation, depredation, depression, deprivation, deregulation, derivation, desalination, desalinization, description, desecration, desegregation, desertion, desiccation, designation, desolation, desperation, destabilization, destination, destitution, detention, deterioration, determination, detonation, detoxication, detoxification, devaluation, devastation, deviation, devolution, devotion, dictation, dietitian, differentiation, digression, dilatation, dilation, dilution, dimension, diminution, discoloration, discontinuation, discretion, discrimination, discussion, disembarkation, disinclination, disinflation, disinformation, disintegration, dislocation, disorganization, disorientation, dispensation, disposition, disputation, disqualification, disruption, dissemination, dissension, dissertation, dissipation, dissociation, dissolution, distillation, distortion, distribution, diversification, divination, documentation, domestication, domination, donation, dramatization, duplication, duration, echolocation, edification, edition, education, egyptian, ejaculation, elaboration, elation, electrician, electrification, electrocution, elevation, elimination, elocution, elongation, emanation, emancipation, embarkation, emigration, emission, emotion, emulation, emulsion, encryption, enumeration, equalization, equitation, equivocation, eradication, erudition, eruption, escalation, estimation, evacuation, evaluation, evaporation, evocation, evolution, exacerbation, exaggeration, examination, exasperation, excavation, exception, excitation, exclamation, excommunication, excoriation, excretion, execution, exemption, exertion, exfoliation, exhalation, exhibition, exhilaration, exhortation, exhumation, exoneration, expansion, expatriation, expectation, expedition, experimentation, expiration, explanation, explication, exploitation, exploration, exposition, expression, expropriation, expulsion, extension, extermination, extortion, extradition, extrapolation, fabrication, fixation, flirtation, flotation, fluctuation, fluoridation, foliation, formalization, formation, formulation, fortification, foundation, fragmentation, freshen, fruition, frustration, fumigation, gasification, gastrulation, generalization, generation, gentian, gentrification, geriatrician, germination, gestation, glaciation, globalization, glorification, gradation, graduation, granulation, gratification, gravitation, gumption, gyration, habitation, hallucination, harmonization, hesitation, hessian, hibernation, homogenization, hospitalization, humiliation, hybridization, hydration, hydrogenation, hyperinflation, hypertension, hypotension, identification, ignition, illumination, illustration, imagination, imitation, immigration, immunization, impassion, impersonation, implantation, implementation, implication, importation, imposition, impregnation, impression, improvisation, imputation, inactivation, inauguration, incantation, incapacitation, incarceration, incarnation, inception, incineration, inclination, incoordination, incorporation, incrimination, incrustation, incubation, indemnification, indentation, indexation, indication, indignation, indiscretion, indoctrination, industrialization, infatuation, infestation, infiltration, inflammation, inflation, information, inhabitation, inhalation, inhibition, initiation, innovation, inoculation, inquisition, inscription, insemination, insertion, insinuation, inspiration, installation, instigation, institution, institutionalization, instrumentation, insubordination, insulation, integration, intensification, interception, intercession, intermission, internationalization, interpretation, interrogation, interruption, intimation, intimidation, intonation, intoxication, intuition, inundation, invalidation, invention, investigation, invitation, invocation, ionization, irradiation, irrigation, irritation, isolation, jubilation, justification, juxtaposition, laceration, lactation, legalization, legislation, levitation, liberalization, liberation, libration, ligation, lilliputian, limitation, liquidation, litigation, localization, location, locomotion, logician, lotion, lubrication, machination, magician, magnetization, magnification, malformation, malnutrition, manifestation, manipulation, mansion, marginalization, martian, masturbation, mathematician, maturation, maximization, mechanization, mediation, medication, meditation, menstruation, mention, migration, mineralization, miniaturization, ministration, misallocation, misapplication, misapprehension, misappropriation, miscalculation, mischaracterization, miscommunication, misconception, miscreation, misidentification, misimpression, misinformation, misinterpretation, misperception, misrepresentation, mission, mitigation, mobilization, moderation, modernization, modification, modulation, molestation, monopolization, mortician, motion, motivation, multiplication, mummification, munition, musician, mutation, mutilation, narration, nation, nationalization, naturalization, navigation, negation, negotiation, neutralization, nitration, nomination, nonaggression, nondiscrimination, nonprescription, nonproliferation, normalization, notation, notification, notion, nucleation, nullification, nutrition, obfuscation, obligation, observation, obsession, obstetrician, occupation, ocean, omission, operation, opposition, oppression, optician, optimization, option, oration, orchestration, ordination, organisation, organization, orientation, origination, ornamentation, oscillation, ossification, ostentation, ovation, overconsumption, overexpansion, overpopulation, overregulation, oversimplification, overvaluation, ovulation, oxidation, pacification, pagination, palpitation, participation, partition, passion, pasteurization, patrician, pediatrician, penetration, pension, perception, percussion, perforation, permission, permutation, perpetuation, persecution, personalization, personification, perspiration, perturbation, petition, physician, pigmentation, plantation, polarization, politician, politicization, pollination, pollution, pontification, popularization, population, portion, position, possession, potion, precaution, precession, precipitation, preconception, precondition, predestination, predisposition, preemption, prefabrication, preignition, premeditation, premonition, preoccupation, preparation, prescription, presentation, preservation, pressurization, presumption, presupposition, pretension, prevention, privation, privatization, probation, procession, proclamation, procrastination, procreation, profanation, profession, prognostication, progression, prohibition, proliferation, promotion, pronunciation, propagation, proportion, proposition, propulsion, proration, proscription, prosecution, prostitution, prostration, protestation, provocation, publication, punctuation, purification, qualification, quantification, quotation, radiation, radicalization, ramification, ratification, ration, rationalization, reaffirmation, realization, reallocation, reassertion, reauthorization, recalculation, recantation, recapitalization, reception, recertification, recession, recitation, reclamation, reclassification, recognition, recommendation, reconciliation, recondition, reconfiguration, reconfirmation, reconsideration, recreation, recrimination, rectification, recuperation, redecoration, rededication, redefinition, redemption, redistribution, reeducation, reevaluation, reexamination, reflation, reforestation, reformation, refrigeration, refutation, regeneration, regimentation, registration, regression, regulation, rehabilitation, rehydration, reimposition, reincarnation, reincorporation, reintegration, reinterpretation, reinvention, reinvigoration, reiteration, rejuvenation, relation, relaxation, relocation, remediation, remission, remuneration, renationalization, rendition, renegotiation, renomination, renovation, renunciation, reorganization, reparation, repatriation, repercussion, repetition, replication, reposition, repossession, representation, repression, repudiation, reputation, requisition, reregulation, reservation, resignation, resolution, respiration, restitution, restoration, resumption, resuscitation, retaliation, retardation, retention, retransmission, retribution, reunification, revaluation, revelation, reverberation, revitalization, revocation, revolution, revulsion, rhetorician, rotation, rumination, salvation, sanctification, sanitation, saponification, saturation, secession, secretion, securitization, sedation, sedimentation, sedition, segmentation, segregation, sensation, separation, sequestration, session, simplification, simulation, situation, socialization, solicitation, solution, sophistication, specialization, specification, speculation, stabilization, stagflation, stagnation, standardization, starvation, station, statistician, sterilization, stimulation, stipulation, strangulation, subluxation, submission, subordination, subscription, subsidization, substantiation, substation, substitution, suburbanization, succession, suffocation, summation, superstation, superstition, supposition, suppression, suspension, suspicion, syncopation, syndication, tabulation, tactician, taxation, technician, telecommunication, temptation, tension, termination, theoretician, titian, titillation, toleration, tradition, transcription, transformation, transgression, transillumination, transition, translation, transmission, transplantation, transportation, trepidation, triangulation, tribulation, tuition, undervaluation, unification, unionization, urbanization, usurpation, utilization, vacation, vaccination, vacillation, validation, valuation, vaporization, variation, vegetation, venetian, ventilation, verification, vibration, victimization, vilification, vindication, violation, visitation, visualization, vocation, volition, vulgarization, westernization, workstation. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "c-c-i-n-n-o-o-r-s-t-t-u" | |
-3 letters: constrict, construct, continuos, contusion. | |
-4 letters: coconuts, continuo, contorts, contours, cornutos, croutons, instruct, nocturns, notornis, notturni, notturno, outscorn, ructions, strontic, tortious, tortonis, unctions, unicorns. | |
-5 letters: cistron, citrons, citrous, coconut, concurs, consort, contort, contour, cornuto, cortins, cottons, crotons, crouton, incrust, intorts, introns, intrust, inturns, nitroso, nitrous, nocturn, nonsuit, notions, nuncios, octrois, riotous, risotto, ronions, ruction. | |
| Words containing the letters "c-c-i-n-n-o-o-r-s-t-t-u" | |
+1 letter: constructions. | |
+2 letters: constructional, cotransduction, counteractions, deconstruction, reconstruction. | |
+3 letters: constructionist, cotransductions, deconstructions, misconstruction, nonconstruction, nonconstructive, reconstructions. | |
+4 letters: constructionally, constructionists, counterreactions, macroinstruction, microinstruction, misconstructions, nonconstructions, overconstructing. | |
+5 letters: counteraccusation, countercomplaints, deconstructionist, macroinstructions, microinstructions, reconstructionism, reconstructionist. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Sounds 10. Quotations: Historic 11. Quotations: Fiction 12. Quotations: Non-fiction | 13. Quotations: Speeches 14. Usage Frequency 15. Names: Company Usage 16. Expressions | 17. Expressions: Internet 18. Translations: Modern 19. Translations: Ancient 20. Abbreviations | 21. Acronyms 22. Derivations 23. Rhymes 24. Anagrams | 25. Bibliography |
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