Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Ad |
AdNoun1. A public promotion of some product or service. 2. In the year of Our Lord; date used in reckoning dates after the supposed year Christ was born, "in AD 200". Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "ad" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1380. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Computing | AD Administrative Domain ad |
Agriculture | Anti-dumping duty. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
(1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century - other centuries)
Events:
Significant persons:
- beginning of Christianity
- spread of Roman Empire
- Masoretes adds vowel pointings to the text of the Tanach
- Pompeii destroyed by eruption of Mount Vesuvius in August 79 AD
- Buddhist monks in Sri Lanka first write down Buddha's teachings, creating the Pali canon.
- Buddhism reaches China.
Inventions, Discoveries, Introductions
- Jesus Christ
- Saint Paul
- Pliny the Elder
- Tacitus
- Seneca
- Josephus
- Nero
- Titus
- Boudicca
Decades and Years
- paper invented in China
0s BC 9 BC 8 BC 7 BC 6 BC 5 BC 4 BC 3 BC 2 BC 1 BC 0s 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10s 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20s 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30s 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40s 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50s 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60s 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70s 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80s 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90s 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100s 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "1st century."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
AD or ad may stand for:
- ad or advertisement, see advertising
- ad- prefix
- Andorra, ISO country code
- anno
- anno Domini ("[in the] year of [Our] Lord"). This year is A.D. . Synonym: "CE" (Common Era).
- anno Diocletiani, the original meaning, see Roman calendar#Years
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "AD."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Anno Domini, (or more correctly Anni Domini Nostri Jesu Christi meaning In the Year of Our Lord Jesus Christ) commonly abbreviated "A.D.", refers to the conventional numbering of years in the Gregorian calendar. It uses an epoch based on the traditionally reckoned year of the birth of Jesus Christ. The A.D. era is the only system in everyday use in the Western hemisphere and Europe, and is also the common system in regular commercial use in the rest of the world. Timewise it is equivalent to Common Era.Anno Domini means "[in the] year of [Our] Lord" in Latin. The name comes from Jesus Christ being referred to as "Lord" in Christianity.
The Anno Domini nomenclature for the chronological era in which we live is somewhat controversial for some people. The alternative Common Era (abbreviated C.E.) is often suggested but not universally used.
History of Dating in the Christian World
Anno Domini dating was not the initial choice of Christians in the Mediterranean world. Like all people in the Roman Empire, early Christians dated by their local system. On the pan-Mediterranean scale, that meant the regnal year of the emperor ("in the Xth year of Emperor Such-and-such") and the tax indiction cycle (15 indictions make up a tax cycle, an indicition is near a year in duration, more or less). A great many local systems were also important, such as the year since the foundation of your particular city, the regnal year of the neighboring Persian emperor, and eventually even the year of the reigning Caliph. For example, the City of Rome dated from its foundation in 753 B.C., and the date ab urbe condita, "from the foundation of the city" (abbreviated A.U.C.), shows up on occasion in records. The dating of documents in antiquity and the Middle Ages was a process with a high level of redundancy. This redundancy, in fact, allows historians to construct parallel regnal lists for many kingdoms and polities by comparing chronicles from different regions which include the same rulers.
After the Roman Empire
As the Roman Empire declined, imperial regnal year dating became sloppy, but remained the norm for 400 years in Christian Church circles. The Papacy was in regular contact throughout the Middle Ages with enovys of the Byzantine world, and had a clear enough idea (sudden deaths and deposals intervening) of who was the Byzantine emperor at any one time.
The Anno Domini system was developed by a monk named Dionysius Exiguus (often described as a Scythian) in Rome around the middle of the 6th century, but was not widely adopted. Byzantine chroniclers like Theophanes continued to date each year in their world chronicles on a different and much more popular Judaeo-Christian basis — from the notional Creation of the World as calculated by Christian and Jewish scholars in the first 5 centuries of the Christian era. These eras, sometimes called Anno Mundi, "year of the world" (abbreviated A.M.), by modern scholars, had their own disagreements. The most popular formulation was that established by Eusebius of Caesarea, a historian at the time of Constantine I. The Latin translator Jerome had made a comparison of Eusebius with certain dates deduced from the Old Testament which helped popularize Eusebius's A.M. count in the West.
The Popularization of Anno Domini
The first historian or chronicler to use A.D. as his primary dating mechanism was the Anglo-Saxon monk Bede, in his Ecclesiastical History of the English People, published around 730. Bede was different from historians working in more important places in two ways: First, he was in Northumbria, outside the bounds of the later Roman Empire. Unlike the Mediterranean-focused countries of Italy, France, and Spain, his people had little knowledge of or interest in who the Roman Emperor was in any particular year. Second, he was confronted with the problem of seven Anglo-Saxon kingdoms and their overlapping regnal years. He had also previously written a chronicle going back to Creation, so he had the numbers at his fingertips. He adopted A.D. dating as a way of keeping track of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms and trying to bring their dates into line with the fragmentary evidence he had for imperial regnal years.
It should be noted that technically for correctness, the "A.D." should appear before the year, e.g. A.D. 2001. This is in keeping with the original Latin meaning: "in the year of our Lord Jesus Christ 2001". However in practice common usage places it ungrammatically at the end, which if taken literally would read "2001 in the year of our Lord Jesus Christ". Other era markings, B.C., C.E., and B.C.E. are placed after the year, e.g., 2001 C.E. They are also generally typeset in small caps.
On the continent of Europe, A.D. was first used as the dominant dating system by Charlemagne and his successors. It was this influence of the Royal Frankish court that popularized the usage and spread it east into German speaking territories. The Carolingian use of A.D. may well have had twin ideological reasons of breaking away from using the Byzantine era and defusing certain strains of apocalyptic thought.
Attempts at Alternative Eras in the West
The French Revolution and the Italian Fascists each tried seriously to displace the A.D. system by dating from their own initiation–a non-royal regnal year system. (see French Revolutionary Calendar) The Italian fascists actually used the standard system along with Roman numerals denoting the number of years since the establishment of the fascist government in 1922. Therefore, 1934, for example, was Year XII. It did not replace the standard calendar in the same way the French Revolutionary Calendar did.
Alternative Nomenclature for the Same Era
As a substitute for "Anno Domini", many people now use the abbreviation C.E. which is sometimes understood as meaning Common Era and sometimes as Christian Era. Correspondingly, as a substitute for "Before Christ", the abbreviation B.C.E. is used, which is understood either as Before the Common Era or Before the Christian Era. This terminology is preferred by some academics for various reasons, but probably mainly because it need not be interpreted as making religious reference.The term "Common Era" has been in use since the late 19th century. Indeed, in its article on "Chronology", the 1908 Catholic Encyclopedia uses the sentence: "Foremost among these [dating eras] is that which is now adopted by all civilized peoples and known as the Christian, Vulgar, or Common Era, in the twentieth century of which we are now living."
This terminology is seen by some Christians, and others, as a move by nonbelievers to make Christianity less visible. By contrast, the use of C.E. and B.C.E. is often presented by some in the academic community as a matter of sensitivity to those who are not Christians. That justification is not accepted by some Muslims, some of whom accept that the A.D. era is based on the life of an important historical figure.
Oddly, almost no one uses the meaningful and historically correct name "Gregorian Calendar" or G.C. Yet not even the Catholic Church claims that Pope Gregory's calendar starts from the birth of Jesus. Most historians agree that Jesus of Nazareth was born year 4 or 5 before the start of the year chosen as the start of the Gregorian calendar.
See also : A.C
Other Eras in Common Use
Despite the prevalence of the A.D. system, many religious and ethnic groups keep track of their lives and celebrate holidays according to various calendars and eras. For instance, Muslims operate on an era based on the Hegira, the flight of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in A.D. 622. However, because the Hegira occurred in September and the Muslim lunar calendar diverges from the beginning of the Western year, subtracting 622 from the A.D. date does not produce a reliable Anno Hegirae or A.H. date (see Islamic calendar).
Other calendar eras include the Jewish eras (see Hebrew calendar) and Chinese dynasties (see Chinese calendar). The Japanese use both A.D. and a system based on the coronation of the emperor. The current era, Heisei, began with Heisei year 1 in 1989, making 2003 the Heisei year 15.
External link
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Anno Domini."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
List of people by name: A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z Aa - Ab - Ac - Ad - Ae - Af - Ag - Ah - Ai - Aj - Ak - Al - Am - An - Ao - Ap - Aq - Ar - As - At - Au - Av - Aw - Ax - Ay - Az
- Adachi Hatazo, Lieutenant general and Japanese commander in New Guinea
- Adachi Kagemori, (? - 1248), Japanese warrior
- Adachi Morinaga, (1135 - 1200), Japanese warrior
- Adalbert of Prague, (c.956-997), saint
- Adam, Biblical figure, first man
- Adam of Chillenden, Archbishop of Canterbury
- Adam, Adolphe-Charles, (1803-1856), composer
- Adam, Ian, (b,1937), Canadian writer
- Adam, Robert, (1728-1792), architect
- Adamic, Bojan, (b.1912), composer and conductor.
- Adamkus, Valdas, Lithuanian president
- Adam, Melchior, (d.1622), German divine and biographer.
- Adamnan, (625-704), Irish religious leader
- Adamo, (b.1943), singer
- Adamov, Arthur, 1908-1997) dramatist, author
- Adams, Abigail, (1744-1818), First Lady of the United States
- Adams, Andrew, (1736-1797), U.S. poloitical leader from Connecticut
- Adams, Ansel, (1902-1984), photographer
- Adams, Bryan, (b.1959), Canadian singer
- Adam-Schwaetzer, Irmgard, German government minister
- Adams, Douglas, (1952-2001), British author of Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy
- Adams, Evangeline, US astrologer
- Adams, Franklin, painter
- Adams, Gerry, (b.1948) Irish politician & Sinn Féin leader
- Adams, Harold, author
- Adams, Henry, (1838-1918), Democracy: An American Novel
- Adams, John, (1735-1826), second President of the United States
- Adams, John (composer), (b.1947)
- Adams, John Couch, (1819-1892), astronomer
- Adams, John (Pitcairn)
- Adams, John Quincy, (1767-1848) sixth President of the United States
- Adams, Leonie, poet
- Adams, Michael, chess player
- Adams, Milivi, (1997-2002), young cancer patient
- Adamson, Joy, (d.1980), conservationist and author
- Adams, Richard, (b.1920), British novelist
- Adams, Ryan, (b.1974), singer-songwriter, musician
- Adams, Samuel (American revolutionary), (1722-1803), American patriot, US Governor of Massachusetts
- Adams, Scott, (b.1957), US creator of the Dilbert comic strip
- Adams, Tony, (b.1966), athlete
- Adams, Walter, (1876-1956), American astronomer
- Adams, Yolanda, musician
- Adamski, George, (1891-1965), US UFO "traveler"
- Adamson, James, astronaut
- Adams, Willie, Canadian senator
- Adcock, Fleur, (b.1934), poet
- Addams, Jane, (1860-1935), social worker
- Adderley, Cannonball, (1928-1975), saxophonist
- Addis, Filippo
- Addison, Joseph, (1672-1719), English poet
- Ade, George, (d.1944), The Slim Princess
- Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, (1792-1849), Queen-Consort of King William IV of the United Kingdom
- Adelard of Bath, 12th century scholastic philosopher
- Adenauer, Konrad, (1876-1967), West German chancellor
- Adeodatus, Pope, (d.676)
- Ader, Clément, (1841-1925), French engineer and inventor
- Adjani, Isabelle, (b.1955), French actress
- Adler, Ada, (1878-1946), Danish scholar
- Adler, Alfred, (1870-1937), father of Individual Psychology
- Adler, Dankmar, (1844-1900), architect
- Adler, David, (1882-1949), architect
- Adler, Friedrich, psychologist
- Adler, Mortimer, (1902-2001), U.S. philosopher & author
- Adler, Victor, Austrian Social Democratic leader
- Adoin, Armad, musician
- Adolf of Nassau-Weilburg, (ruled 1292-1298), German emperor
- Adolphus, Gustavus, (1594-1632), King of Sweden
- Adolphus, 1st Duke of Cambridge, (1774-1850)
- Adoree, Renee, (1898-1933), French actor
- Ador, Gustave, (1845-1928), Swiss president
- Adorno, Theodor, (1903-1969), philosopher
- Adrian I, Pope, (d.795)
- Adrian II, Pope, (d.872)
- Adrian of Nicomedia, (d.303 or 304), Christian saint
- Adrian III, Pope, pope from 884 to 885
- Adrian IV, (c. 1100-1159), pope from 1154 to 1159
- Adrian V, Pope
- Adrian VI, (1459-1523), pope from 1522 to 1523
- Adrian, Patriarch, (d.1700), Metropolitan of Moscow
- Adu, Freddy (born 1989) soccer player
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "List of people by name: Ad."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
AD | Danish | Fyrstendømmet Andorra | Geography |
AD | Dutch | Vorstendom Andorra | Geography |
AD | English | Address | N/A |
AD | Finnish | Andorran ruhtinaskunta | Geography |
AD | French | Analyse destructive | Nuclear Energy & Physics |
AD | German | Adiabatisch | N/A |
AD | Greek | Ανδόρρα | Geography |
AD | Italian | Analisi distruttiva | Nuclear Energy & Physics |
AD | Spanish | Análisis destructivo | Nuclear Energy & Physics |
AD | Swedish | Furstendömet Andorra | Geography |
| AD 2 | English | Advanced CMOS Analogue/Digital and Digital/Analogue Converters | Computing, European Union |
| Ad,ald | French | à la demande | Information, Engineering & Technology |
| Ad es. | Italian | Per esempio | Language |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: AdSynonyms: advert (n), advertisement (n), advertising (n), advertizement (n), advertizing (n), anno Domini (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Discourtesy | Render rude; ad.; brutalize, brutify. |
Publication | Circular, circular letter; manifesto, advertisement, ad., placard, bill, affiche, broadside, poster; notice. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | I'm the man-eating bitch Darth Vader of the ad world (What Women Want; writing credit: Josh Goldsmith; Cathy Yuspa) De profundis clamo ad te, domine (The Sixth Sense; writing credit: M. Night Shyamalan) Ad hoc, ad loc, and quid pro quo (Yellow Submarine; writing credit: Al Brodax; Jack Mendelsohn) I answered a personals ad from the Daily Worker (Seinfeld; writing credit: Andreas Lenze; Bea Schmidt) Thanks for answering my ad, Mr. Monroe (Caroline in the City; writing credit: Angela Carneiro) | |
Lyrics | HOOK with ad lib (It's No Crime; performing artist: Babyface; writing credit: Babyface, L.A. Reid, Daryl Simmons) Singing Italian songs: ad lib Italian words ("Saturday in the Park"; performing artist: Chicago) | |
Movie/TV Titles | 1002 AD Khajoraho (1973) Due gattoni a nove code... e mezzo ad Amsterdam (1972) Sejle op ad åen (1972) Ad est di Marsa Matruh (1971) | |
Song Titles | The Boy From New York City (performing artist: The Ad Libs) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books |
| ||
Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies |
| ||
Music |
| ||
High Tech |
| ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Shown is the 5 A Day ad "The Original Fast Food" that appeared in Washington D.C.'s Metrorail stations during September 1993. The ad has running figurines in the shapes of a banana, an orange juice box, a tomato, carrot and broccoli. Credit: Fred Hirsch (photographer). |  | Shown is a 5-A-Day ad "The Original Fast Food" that appeared on metrobuses in the Washington D.C. area during September, 1993. The ad includes a running banana, orange juice box, tomoato, carrot and broccoli figurines. Credit: Fred Hirsch (photographer). |
 | Lee Crockett ad Ed Townsend untie the end of the otter trawl to empty the catch into collection buckets. Credit: NOAA Restoration Center. |  | Green turtle dragging Dr. Jim McVey under during tagging process This was an ad hoc maneuver - complete surprise to the human participant. Credit: Small World. |
 | Dave Sanden ad RCD employee view completed phase 2 from above. Credit: Gary Kramer. |  | Pressure Ridge ad Wapi FlowsCraters of the MoonShoshone Field OfficeUSRDUpper Snake River District. Credit: Duane Reynolds. |
 | Nicotiana Tabacum / D. Blair ad viv del. et lith. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |  | Adduxit ea ad Adam ut videret quid vocaret ea. Credit: National Library of Medicine. |
 | Operating training aircraft, 19 April 1961. Planes on deck include T2J "Buckeyes" amidships and forward and AD "Skyraiders" parked aft. Note "dayglo" paint on the aircraft and "mothballed" 5"/38 guns in the carriers port side sponsons. Credit: NAVY. |  | Underway circa the mid-1950s, with about eighteen U.S. Marine Corps AD "Skyraider" aircraft parked on her flight deck. Credit: NAVY. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |  |
| "Ad" by Lorena Molinari Commentary: "A reliable face to guarantee." | "Bull ad" by Ibon San Martin Commentary: "A tipical spanish cartel. 'El toro de Osborne'." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. | |
| Play | Caption |
 | Highly Brazilian-influenced percussion ad melody excerpt. |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Author | Quotation |
Robert Burchfield | The English language is rather like a monster accordion, stretchable at the whim of the editor, compressible ad lib. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | Tunc enim se ipse principatu exuit atque in privatis constituit liber: hoc modo populus & superior efficitur, reverso ad eum sc. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | Goods shall not be subjected to any other charge except a statistical duty which shall not exceed 1 mille ad valorem, and which shall be devoted exclusively to defraying the expenses of compiling statements of the traffic in the port. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | Per aspera ad astra |
Time Enough for Love | Robert Heinlein | A mother's opinions about her children's beauty, intelligence, goodness, et cetera ad nauseum, keep her from drowning them at birth |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | AD begins slowly. (references) | |
AD is a progressive disease. (references) | ||
AD fits into this latter group of diseases. (references) | ||
Business | The duty on imported products is defined on an ad valorem basis. (references) | |
The reason for this is an additional 8 percent Ad Valorem tax (ITBIS). (references) | ||
The customs duty imposed on imported computer systems is 12 percent ad valorem. (references) | ||
Civil Liberties | Afghanistan | The Taliban ruled strictly in areas that it controlled, establishing ad hoc and rudimentary judicial systems. (references) |
Somalia | An ad hoc commission, nominated by the President and approved by the House of Representatives, is responsible for considering applications. (references) | |
Poland | Claims continued to be filed and property returned throughout the country through an ad hoc process of local court rulings and private arrangements between contending parties. (references) | |
Economic History | North Korea | In 668 AD, the Shilla kingdom unified the peninsula. (references) |
Afghanistan | In AD 642, Arabs invaded the entire region and introduced Islam. (references) | |
Vietnam | In 939 AD, Vietnam achieved independence under a native dynasty. (references) | |
Human Rights | Qatar | The law provides for the establishment of ad hoc state security courts. (references) |
Gambia | The commissions are created on an ad hoc basis when they are deemed to be necessary. (references) | |
Colombia | The ICRC continues to have ad hoc access to civilians held by paramilitary groups and guerrilla forces. (references) | |
Political Economy | ECUADOR | The current average applied tariff rate is around 13 percent ad valorem. (references) |
Ecuador | Throughout the year, the military continued to supplement the police on an ad hoc basis. (references) | |
NETHERLANDS | Commercial broadcasters may apply for temporary exemptions of the quota requirement on an ad hoc basis. (references) | |
Political Rights | Indonesia | At the same time, the MPR empowered an ad hoc working committee to consider further amendments and to draft MPR decrees. (references) |
Mozambique | The opposition coalition continued to refuse to accept the election results or the Supreme Court's decision; however, the coalition participated in Parliament and worked with FRELIMO on a number of ad hoc and standing committees to draft and approve consensus legislation. (references) | |
Trade | Guyana | Duties are levied on an ad valorem basis. (references) |
Travel | Taiwan | Taipei has five Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) lines, including the Tamshui, Nankang, Chungho, Mucha ad Hsintien, in operation with a combined track length of sixty-seven kilometers. (references) |
Women | Italy | Telefono Rosa reports that previous ad hoc sexual harassment provisions in labor contracts have worked as a deterrent to workplace harassment both in the public and private sectors. (references) |
Worker Rights | Venezuela | The CTV and the AD traditionally have influenced each other. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | MONUMENT, n. A structure intended to commemorate something which either needs no commemoration or cannot be commemorated. The bones of Agammemnon are a show, And ruined is his royal monument, but Agammemnon's fame suffers no diminution in consequence. The monument custom has its reductiones ad absurdum in monuments "to the unknown dead" -- that is to say, monuments to perpetuate the memory of those who have left no memory. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Phrase(s) |
Chris Matthews | I love it. I love New York, actually, and I love going there this time of year especially, and I usually bring my dad up here. I have to tell you that that ad works for me. |
John Hartmann | Phil made money in a lot of directions. He was a Renaissance man. He was a brilliant artist who worked for me as my art department when I was managing a lot of top musical acts. And he did other album covers and logos and ad layouts, and he was a genius. |
Rush Limbaugh | In the eighties, Taylor had a twice-weekly segment on a Denver television station, and the clip shown in an ad run by Democrats shows Taylor applying lotions to the face of a man sitting in the barber chair with Taylor discussing techniques. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Andrew Jackson | 1829-1837 | The report of the Secretary of War ad interim and the accompanying documents, all which are herewith laid before you, will give you a full view of the diversified and important operations of that Department during the past year. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | Ad we've wondered if we would ever get the chance to thank them. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Ad" is generally used as an adverb (general) -- approximately 58.95% of the time. "Ad" is used about 2,003 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Adverb (general) | 58.95% | 1,181 | 6,541 |
| Noun (singular) | 38.05% | 762 | 9,010 |
| Unclassified Items | 2.89% | 58 | 44,427 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.1% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 2,003 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| Country | Name |
| Netherlands | ad pepper media International N.V. |
| (more examples...) |
Source: compiled by the editor from Icon Group International, Inc.
Expressions using "ad": a small ad ♦ a verbis ad verbera ♦ ab actu ad posse valet consecutio ♦ accedas ad curiam ♦ AD 32 ♦ ad a rebours ♦ ad across the counter ♦ ad ad captandum ♦ ad affirmatively ♦ ad against ♦ ad against the grain ♦ ad against the time when ♦ ad agency ♦ ad all manner of ways ♦ ad all things considered ♦ ad alongside ♦ ad although ♦ ad amicably ♦ ad amis ♦ ad as one ♦ ad as one's head shall answer for ♦ ad as the saying goes ♦ ad aside ♦ ad astra ♦ ad astra per aspera ♦ ad astride on ♦ ad at a stand ♦ ad at intervals ♦ ad at one fell swoop ♦ ad at one's books ♦ ad at rest ♦ ad at the helm ♦ ad atop ♦ ad aux aguets ♦ ad banner ♦ ad bask in the sunshine ♦ ad because ♦ ad before ♦ ad below the salt ♦ ad beneficially ♦ ad beyond the mark ♦ ad blitz ♦ ad by fits and starts ♦ ad campaign ♦ Ad captandum ♦ ad captandum vulgus ♦ ad coram judice ♦ ad crescendo ♦ ad cry you mercy ♦ ad cum grano salis ♦ ad currente calamo ♦ ad de profundis ♦ ad demonically ♦ ad dextrad ♦ ad downhill ♦ ad either ♦ ad en passant ♦ ad ex abundanti cautela ♦ ad ex cathedra ♦ ad ex necessitate rei ♦ ad ex officio ♦ ad ex parte ♦ ad extempore ♦ ad fall astern ♦ ad fashionably ♦ ad finally ♦ ad for ♦ ad for aught one cares ♦ ad freely ♦ ad from hand to hand ♦ ad from information received ♦ ad habitually ♦ ad hand in hand ♦ ad happily ♦ ad hat in hand ♦ ad haud passibus aequis ♦ ad head over heels ♦ ad heart and soul ♦ ad here ♦ ad hoc ♦ ad hoc committee ♦ ad hoc movement ♦ ad hominem ♦ ad identically ♦ ad in addition ♦ ad in all creation ♦ ad in at the death ♦ ad in behalf of ♦ ad in comfort ♦ ad in forma pauperis ♦ ad in glowing terms ♦ ad in high quarters ♦ ad in honor of ♦ ad in no sense ♦ ad in one's heart ♦ ad in pencil ♦ ad in petto ♦ ad in plain terms ♦ ad in pursuance of ♦ ad in retaliation ♦ ad in ridicule. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "ad": ad-as, Ad-dali, ad-din, ad-get, ad-hoc, ad-hoc polymorphism, ad-hockery, ad-hod, ad-land, ad-lib, ad-libbed, ad-libber, ad-libbing, ad-libs, ad-man, ad-men, ad-ministered, ad-ministration, ad-space, ad-spending, ad-team, ad-tech, ad-vich, ad-visor-y. | |
Ending with "ad": ache-ad, bc-ad, box-ad, cornflakes-ad, Flot-n-ad, I-ad, mk-ad, post-ad, sainsbury-ad, small-ad, tele-ad, travel-ad. | |
Containing "ad": ex-ad-man. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Expression | Frequency per Day | Expression | Frequency per Day |
ad aware | 16,528 | ad specialty | 221 |
personal ad | 4,781 | classified ad | 209 |
ad | 2,795 | ad aware.com | 203 |
ad family google hagrid monitor query safe show | 2,737 | ad aware download | 189 |
ad ware | 2,353 | ad press | 189 |
ad blocker | 684 | ad placer.com | 188 |
6.0 ad aware | 626 | popup ad filter | 180 |
ad digest | 563 | ad blockers | 171 |
ad control pop up | 489 | ad adware | 169 |
ad zapper | 466 | free ad | 166 |
1 ad | 454 | ad stopper | 163 |
banner ad | 415 | pop up ad killer | 137 |
killer ad | 393 | ad aware lavasoft | 137 |
6 ad aware | 374 | ad hoc | 129 |
ad muncher | 355 | ad blocker free pop up | 123 |
ad honda | 349 | ad blocker free | 121 |
ad agency | 276 | 6.0 ad ware | 111 |
ad d | 273 | ad aware professional | 110 |
ad arabia dammam saudi | 264 | pop up ad | 109 |
pop up ad blocker | 226 | free classified ad | 108 |
guardian ad litem | 108 | ||
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Translations for "ad"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | advertensie (advertisement, announcement). (various references) | |
Albanian | reklamë (advertisement, circular, commercial, commercial break, dodger, headline, plug, poster, prospectus, publicity, reclame, show card), pas krishtit, njoftim në gazetë. (various references) | |
Arabic | إعلان (advertisement, advertising, announcement, annunciation, bill, bush, declaration, exploitation, gazette, notification, pitch, placard, poster, proclamation, profession, promulgation, pronunciation, protestation, publicity, sign, spot). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | реклама (advertisement, advertising, boost, promotion, prospectus, publicity, reclame, show, sign, signboard), обява (advertisement, announcement, bill, notice, notification, poster, ticket). (various references) | |
Catalan | anuncio (advertisement, announcement). (various references) | |
Chinese | 广告 (Ad-, Advert, Advertisement, advertizement). (various references) | |
Czech | reklama (advert, advertisement, advertising, commercial, plug, publicity), našeho letopočtu, inzerát (advertisement, insertion). (various references) | |
Danish | annonce (advertisement, announcement). (various references) | |
Dutch | advertentie (advertisement, announcement), aankondiging (advertisement, announcement, notice, notification), bericht (account, advertisement, advice, announcement, communication, errand, information, message, notice, report). (various references) | |
Esperanto | anonco (advertisement). (various references) | |
Faeroese | lýsing (advertisement, announcement). (various references) | |
Finnish | mainos (advert, advertisement), ilmoitus (advertisement, announcement, information, notice, notification, statement). (various references) | |
French | annonce (advert, advertisement). (various references) | |
Frisian | advertinsje (advertisement, announcement), oankundiging (advertisement, announcement). (various references) | |
German | Inserat (advert, advertisement, advertisment, announcement, insert, insertion), Anzeige (accusation, advertisement, advertisement (ad), announcement, declaration, display, dump, indexing, indication, indicator, legal proceedings, notice, notification, proclamation, reading, readout, report, statement), Reklame (advert, advertisement, advertising, billing, commercial, junk mail, publicity), Annonce (advertisement, announcement). (various references) | |
Greek | αγγελία (advertisement, announcement, annunciation, prospectus), διαφήμιση (advert, advertisement, advertising, commercial, publicity), διαφήμηση (ad 1, advert). (various references) | |
Hebrew | מודעה (advertisement, announcement, declaration, notice). (various references) | |
Hungarian | hirdetés (advert, advertisement, advertising, insertion, notice, placard, poster, publicity). (various references) | |
Indonesian | masa sesudah masehi, iklan (advertisement, boost). (various references) | |
Irish | fógraíocht (advertisement), fógra (advertisement, sign). (various references) | |
Italian | inserzione (advert, advertisement, announcement, fitting, inserting, insertion), annuncio (advertisement, announcement, cry, intimation, notice, spot), avviso (advertisement, advice, announcement, counsel, notice, notification, opinion, warning). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | アトピー性皮膚炎 (ad impact, add-on, add-on module, adobe, advertisement, at random, atmosphere, atom, atomic, atopic dermatitis, atrium, attraction, attractive, attractor, attribute, autoload, studio). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | アド (advertisement). (various references) | |
Lombard | annunc (advertisement, announcement). (various references) | |
Malay | adpertensi (advertisement, announcement), pemberitahuan (advertisement, announcement), iklan (advertisement, announcement). (various references) | |
Manx | son y traa t'ayn (ad interim), rere yeearree (ad lib), reir yn leagh (ad valorem), gyn jerrey (ad infinitum, endless, interminable, unending), dy shallidagh (ad interim, provisorily), dy feoiltagh (ad lib, bountifully, freely, hospitably), dy bragh (ad infinitum, eternally, ever, ever of future, never). (various references) | |
Norwegian | annonse (advertisement, announcement). (various references) | |
Papiamen | aviso (advertisement, announcement), atvertensia (advertisement, announcement), anunsio (advertisement, announcement). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | aday.(various references) | |
Polish | ogłoszenie (advertisement, announcement). (various references) | |
Portuguese | anúncio (advertisement, advertising, notice, notification, placard, playbill, poster). (various references) | |
Romanian | anunţ (advert, advertisement, announcement, bill, insertion, notice). (various references) | |
Russian | объявление (adt advertisement, advertisement, advt advertisement, announcement, annunciation, classified ad, declaration, insertion, notice, notification, poster, proclamation, pronouncing, want ad). (various references) | |
Scottish | bad (a cluster, attacking, bunch, cluster : ann ad bhad, tuft). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | reklama (advertisement, plug, reclame), oglas (advertisment, announcement, handbill, notice, spread). (various references) | |
Spanish | anuncio (advert, advertisement, announcement, bulletin, catchword, commercial, notice, notification, sign), aviso (advertisement, advice, announcement, aviso, demand, message, notice, notification, prompt, recall, tip, warning, word). (various references) | |
Swahili | tangazo (advertisement, announcement). (various references) | |
Swedish | annons (advert, advertisement, announcement). (various references) | |
Tagalog | anúnsiyo (advertisement, announcement). (various references) | |
Turkish | reklam (advertisement, announcement), reklâm (advert, advertisement, advertising, ballyhoo, build up, canvassing, commercial, plug, promo, promotion, promotional, publicity, spot), ilân, duyuru (advert, advertisement, announcement, annunciation, bulletin, communique, notice, notification, proclamation, publication), ílan (advertisement, announcement). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | vô tận (ad infinitum, cow, endless, infinity, interminable, measureless, termless, unbounded, unlimited), vô cùng (ad infinitum, almighty, consumedly, day, deeply, dreadfully, extremely, frightfuly, half, halves, most, parlous, passing, plaguy, precious, preciously, rank, termless, thundering, utmost, uttermost), mãi mãi (ad infinitum, agelong, always, everlasting, evermore, forever, keep, kept, sempiternal), không giới hạn (ad infinitum, unbounded, unconfined, unlimited), đặc biệt được sắp đặt trước cho mục đích đó (ad hoc). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Genesis Chapter 26, Verse 30 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Kai epoihsen autoiV dochn kai efagon kai epion |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Fecit ergo eis convivium et post cibum et potum |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | Thanne he made hem a feest; and aftir meet and drynke arysynge eerli, |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | And he made the a feast and they ate ad droke. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | And he made them a feast, and they did eat and drink. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | And he made them a feast, and they ate and drank. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Then he made a feast for them, and they all had food and drink. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Genesis Chapter 26, Verse 30 |
| Cebuano | Ug siya nagbuhat ug kombira alang kanila, ug nangaon sila ug nanginum; |
| Chinese | 以 撒 就 為 他 們 設 擺 筵 席 、 他 們 便 喫 了 喝 了 。 |
| Croatian | On im priredi gozbu te su jeli i pili. |
| Danish | Så gjorde han et Gæstebud for dem, og de spiste og drak. |
| Dutch | Toen maakte hij hun een maaltijd, en zij aten en dronken. |
| Finnish | Silloin hän laittoi heille pidot, ja he söivät ja joivat. |
| French | Isaac leur fit un festin, et ils mangèrent et burent. |
| German | Da machte er ihnen ein Mahl, und sie aßen und tranken. |
| Haitian Creole | Izarak fè gwo fèt pou yo. Yo manje, yo bwè. |
| Hungarian | Akkor vendégséget szerze nékik és evének és ivának. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Kemudian Ishak menjamu mereka, dan mereka makan dan minum. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Maka diperbuatlah oleh Ishak suatu perjamuan akan mereka itu, maka mereka itupun makan minumlah. |
| Italian | Allora imbandì loro un convito e mangiarono e bevvero. |
| Maori | Na ka tukua e ia he hakari ma ratou, a ka kai ratou, ka inu. |
| Norwegian | Så gjorde han et gjestebud for dem, og de åt og drakk. |
| Portuguese | Então Isaque lhes deu um banquete, e comeram e beberam. |
| Rumanian | Isaac le -a dat un ospqy, wi au mkncat wi au bqut. |
| Russian | пО УДЕМБМ ЙН РЙТЫЕУФЧП, Й ПОЙ ЕМЙ Й РЙМЙ. |
| Spanish | Entonces él les hizo un banquete, y comieron y bebieron. |
| Swedish | Då gjorde han ett gästabud för dem, och de åto och drucko. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "ad": adage, adages, adagial, adagio, adagios, adamance, adamances, adamancies, adamancy, adamant, adamantine, adamantly, adamants, adamsite, adamsites, adapt, adaptabilities, adaptability, adaptable, adaptation, adaptational, adaptationally, adaptations, adapted, adaptedness, adaptednesses, adapter, adapters, adapting, adaption, adaptions, adaptive, adaptively, adaptiveness, adaptivenesses, adaptivities, adaptivity, adaptor, adaptors, adapts, adaxial, add, addable, addax, addaxes, added, addedly, addend, addenda, addends, addendum. (additional references) | |
Words ending with "ad": abfarad, abroad, acidhead, ahead, airhead, alidad, aoudad, armload, arrowhead, asclepiad, audad, bad, baldhead, ballad, barehead, barrelhead, beachhead, bead, bedspread, bedstead, beebread, beglad, behead, bespread, bestead, bighead, billhead, blackhead, blacklead, blockhead, bluehead, boatload, bolthead, bombload, bonehead, bowhead, brad, bread, bridgehead, broad, bromeliad, bubblehead, bufflehead, bulkhead, bullhead, busload, byroad, cad, carload, cartload, caseload. (additional references) | |
Words containing "ad": abfarads, abracadabra, abracadabras, abradable, abradant, abradants, abrade, abraded, abrader, abraders, abrades, abrading, academe, academes, academia, academias, academic, academical, academically, academician, academicians, academicism, academicisms, academics, academies, academism, academisms, academy, accolade, accolades, acidheads, afficionado, afficionados, aficionada, aficionadas, aficionado, aficionados, aggadic, aggradation, aggradations, aggrade, aggraded, aggrades, aggrading, airheaded, airheads, alcade, alcades, alidade, alidades, alidads. (additional references) | |
| |
"Ad" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: aad, aadd, abd, acd, adb, Addb, addp, ade, adf, adg, adi, adl, adn, adq, adr, adu, advt, adw, ady, Aed, af, afd, ahd, Ajd, Ajdp, ald, Amdh, aod, apd, aq, Aqd, Ardu, asd, Atd, aud, audy, av, avd, awd, Awdf, axd, ayd, azd, da, daj, daq, Edv, edx, fd, idd, Idw, imd, ivd, iwd, kad, ndd, oadg, Oadp, od, pdd, qad, sd, ud, udj, vad, Xamdu, zad, zd. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "ad" (pronounced a"d) |
| 2 | a" d | add, bad, Brad, cad, Chad, clad, dad, lad, mad, fad, forbad, gad, glad, grad, had, pad, plaid, rad, sad, Scad, shad, tad. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words containing the letters "a-d" | |
+1 letter: add, ado, ads, adz, aid, and, bad, cad, dab, dad, dag, dah, dak, dal, dam, dap, daw, day, fad, gad, had, lad, mad, pad, rad, sad, tad, wad. | |
+2 letters: abed, aced, acid, adds, adit, ados, adze, aged, aide, aids, amid, ands, aped, apod, arid, auld, avid, awed, axed, bade, bads, bald, band, bard, baud, bawd, bead, brad, cade, cadi, cads, caid, card, chad, clad, coda, dabs, dace, dada, dado, dads, daff, daft, dago, dags, dahl, dahs, dais, daks, dale, dals, dame, damn, damp, dams, dang, dank, daps, darb, dare, dark, darn, dart, dash, data, date, dato, daub, daut, davy, dawk, dawn, daws, dawt, days, daze, dead, deaf, deal, dean, dear, deva, dhak, dhal, dial, dita, diva, doat, dona, dopa, drab, drag, dram, drat, draw, dray, duad, dual, duma, dura, dyad, egad, fade, fado, fads, fard, gadi, gads, gaed, gaud, glad, goad, grad, hade, hadj, haed, hand, hard, head, idea, jade, kadi, lade, lads, lady, laid, land, lard, laud, lead, load, made, mads, maid, maud, mead, nada, nard, odea, orad, padi, pads, paid, pard, qaid, quad, rads, raid, rand, read, road, sade, sadi, said, sand, sard, scad, shad, soda, tads, toad, trad, wade, wadi, wads, wady, wand, ward, woad, yald, yard, yaud. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Sounds 10. Quotations: Familiar 11. Quotations: Historic 12. Quotations: Fiction | 13. Quotations: Non-fiction 14. Quotations: Spoken 15. Quotations: Speeches 16. Usage Frequency | 17. Names: Company Usage 18. Expressions 19. Expressions: Internet 20. Translations: Modern | 21. Bible Trace 22. Abbreviations 23. Acronyms 24. Derivations | 25. Rhymes 26. Anagrams 27. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
