Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.

Abbreviate

Definitions: Abbreviate

Abbreviate

Verb

1. Shorten, as of words; "Abbreviate `New York' and write `NY'.".

2. Reduce in scope while retaining essential elements; "The manuscript must be shortened".

Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
 

Date "abbreviate" was first used: some time in the early 15th century. (references)

Synonyms: Abbreviate

Synonyms: abridge (v), contract (v), cut (v), foreshorten (v), reduce (v), shorten (v). (additional references)

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Synonyms within Context: Abbreviate

ContextSynonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus).

Compendium

Abbreviate; (shorten); condense; (compress); compile; (collect).

Shortness

Verb: be short; Adjective: render short; Adjective: shorten, curtail, abridge, abbreviate, take in, reduce; compress; (contract); epitomize.

Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus.

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Crosswords: Abbreviate

English words defined with "abbreviate": Abbreviating, AbbreviatoryBreviateclip, curtail, cut short. (references)

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Familiar Quotations: Abbreviate

AuthorQuotation

James Boswell

I find I journalize too tediously. Let me try to abbreviate.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Usage Frequency: Abbreviate

"Abbreviate" is generally used as a lexical verb (infinitive) -- approximately 77.78% of the time. "Abbreviate" is used about 18 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted)
Parts of SpeechPercentUsage per
100 Million Words
Rank in English
Lexical Verb (infinitive)77.78%1493,893
Lexical Verb (base form)22.22%4175,879
                    Total100.00%18N/A

Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.

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Frequency of Internet Keywords: Abbreviate

The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com.
 
ExpressionFrequency
per Day

abbreviate

12

abbreviate words

4

abbreviate word

2

abbreviate state

2
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Modern Translations: Abbreviate

Language Translations for "abbreviate"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses.

Afrikaan

  

bekort (abridge, curtail, shorten). (various references)

   

Albanian

  

shkurtoj (abridge, ax, axe, buck, clip, compress, condense, curtail, cut, cut back, cut down, detruncate, dock, epitomize, pare, poll, prune, razee, retrench, shorten, truncate, undercut, whittle down). (various references)

   

Arabic 

  

‏إختصر (abridge, analyse, analyze, boil down, clip, curtail, cut short, limit, nick, outline, reduce, shorten, syncopate). (various references)

   

Bulgarian 

  

съкращавам (abridge, cancel, condense, contract, curtail, cut short, discard, elide, prune, reduce, retrench, slash, take off, terminate, truncate), скъсявам (contract, curtail, cut down, retract, shorten), намалявам (abate, allay, attenuate, bring down, clip, contract, curtail, cut back, cut down, decline, decrease, deduct, deflate, degrade, deplete, detract, dim, diminish, ebb, extenuate, fine, impair, knock off, lessen, lighten, lull, minify, minimize, moderate, modify, pare down, prejudice, put back, put down, reduce, remit, run down, scant, shorten, shrink, sink, slacken, subdue, take from, thin, thin away, thin down, understate, wane, work down). (various references)

   

Chinese 

  

省略 (Abbreviated, Abbreviating, Elliptical). (various references)

   

Czech

  

zkrátit (abridge, Bob, condense, curtail, cut, cut back, cut down, cut short, dock, reduce, shorten). (various references)

   

Danish

  

forkorte (abridge, curtail, shorten). (various references)

   

Dutch

  

inkorten (abate, abridge, curtail, decrease, docking, lessen, shorten), bekorten (abridge, curtail, shorten, to arrest), afkorten (abridge, curtail, shorten). (various references)

   

Esperanto

  

malplilongigi (abridge, curtail, shorten), mallongigi (abridge, shorten), kurtigi (shorten). (various references)

   

Faeroese

  

minka (reduce), gera einfaldan (reduce). (various references)

   

Farsi 

  

مختصرکردن (Abridge, Shorten, Simplify), کوتاه کردن (Abridge, Curtail, Dock, Short, Shorten, Stag), خلاصه کردن (Abstract, Condense, Cutdown, Epitomize, Summarize). (various references)

   

Finnish

  

supistaa (abridge, constrict, contract, curtail, cut, cut down, limit, reduce, restrict). (various references)

   

French

  

abréger (abate, abridge, abstract). (various references)

   

Frisian

  

ferkoartsje (abridge, curtail, shorten), bekoartsje (abridge, curtail, shorten). (various references)

   

German

  

verkürzen (abridge, curtail, cut, cut down, cut short, decrease, end, foreshorten, narrow, reduce, shorten, to abbreviate, to abridge, to shorten), abkürzen (abridge, be cut, curtail, cut short, shorten, take a short cut, to abbreviate, to cut short, to shorten). (various references)

   

Greek 

  

συντομεύω (abridge). (various references)

   

Hebrew 

  

לתמצת (abstract, condense, epitomize, summarize), לקצר (curtail, cut across, short, shorten), ל טרק. (various references)

   

Hungarian

  

rövidít (abridge, curtail, shorten, to abbreviate, to abridge, to take a short cut). (various references)

   

Italian

  

abbreviare (abridge, curtail, cut short, shorten), accorciare (abridge, become shorten, curtail, shorten). (various references)

   

Japanese Kanji 

  

略す  (to abbreviate), 略す (to abbreviate), 切り上'る (to abbreviate, to close, to finish). (various references)

   

Japanese Katakana 

  

きりあ'る (to abbreviate, to close, to finish), りゃくす (to abbreviate). (various references)

   

Korean 

  

약칭하십시". (various references)

   

Malay

  

singkat (abridge, curtail, shorten), menyingkat (abridge, curtail, shorten). (various references)

   

Manx

  

girraghey (abridge, abridgement, abridging, contract, foreshorten, shorten, shortening), giarrey (abridge, abridging, axe, beat out, bob the tail; severance, bob; severance, carve, castrate, cleave, clip, clip as words; slicing, clip; slicing, condensation, condense, condensing, crop, crop as tail, curtail, curtailment, cut, cut away, cut back, cut short, cut up, disconnect, disconnection, dissect, erupt, eruption, flux, gash, hack, hew, incise, incision, infliction, intersect, intersection, lance, levy, lop, mark out, nicking, prune, pruning, puncture, reaping, scission, section, sever, shear, sink, slash, slit, snip, truncate), aagherrey. (various references)

   

Norwegian

  

forkorte (abridge). (various references)

   

Papiamen

  

abreviá (abridge, curtail, shorten). (various references)

   

Pig Latin

  

abbreviateay.(various references)

   

Polish

  

skrócić. (various references)

   

Portuguese

  

abreviar (abridge, shorten, to explode). (various references)

   

Romanian

  

prescurta (abridge, condense, curtail, reduce, riddle, shorten), abrevia (abridge, contract, curtail, shorten). (various references)

   

Russian 

  

сокращать (abridge, blue pencil, blue-pencil, condense, constrict, contract, curtail, cut, cut back, divide out, dock, epitomize, pare, pare away, razee, reduce, shorten, shortens). (various references)

   

Serbo-Croatian

  

skratiti (abridge, curtail, cut short, detruncate, foreshorten, reduce, shorten, syncopate, telescope, truncate). (various references)

   

Spanish

  

acortar (abridge, clip, curtail, cut back, cut short, shorten, turn up), abreviar (abridge, be quick, boil down, curtail, cut short, shorten, to explode). (various references)

   

Swedish

  

förkorta (abridge, curtail, cut, encapsulate, reduce, short circuit, shorten, telescope). (various references)

   

Turkish

  

kisaltmak (abridge, curtail, shorten), kısaltmak (abridge, cancel, clip, compress, curtail, cut down, dock, edit, make shorter, prune, reduce, retrench, short circuit, shorten, summarize, take up). (various references)

   

Ukranian 

  

скорочувати (abate, abridge, ax, axe, blue pencil, boil down, cancel, castrate, curtail, cut, lop away, lop off, prune, retrench, shorten, shrink). (various references)

   

Vietnamese 

  

tương đối ngắn. (various references)

   

Welsh

  

talfyrru (abridge), byr.hau (abridge, shorten). (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references.

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Ancestral Language Translations: Abbreviate

LanguagePeriodTranslations
Latin500 BCE-Modern

abbreviare, ad, adbreviasti, adbreviata, adbreviatus, adbreviavit, breviabuntur, breviandi, brevians, breviantes, breviare, breviasset, breviata, breviati, breviatum, breviavit, curtare, curto, imminuare. (various references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references.

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Derivations & Misspellings: Abbreviate

Derivations

Words beginning with "abbreviate": abbreviated, abbreviates. (additional references)

Words containing "abbreviate": unabbreviated. (additional references)


Misspellings

"Abbreviate" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: abbrediate, abbreiate, abbrevate, abbreviata, Abbreviatum, abbriviate, abreviate, abriviate, breviat, breviate, brevitate. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Rhyming with "Abbreviate"

# of Phoneme MatchesPronunciationWord(s) rhyming with "abbreviate" (pronounced ubrē"vēā't)
5-ē" v ē ā' talleviate, deviate.
4-v ē ā' tobviate.
3-ē ā' taffiliate, appreciate, delineate, depreciate, differentiate, emaciate, enunciate, excoriate, expatriate, expiate, expropriate, foliate, glaciate, herniate, humiliate, infuriate, ingratiate, initiate, irradiate, mediate, misappropriate, nauseate, negotiate, officiate, permeate, radiate, recreate, renegotiate, renunciate, repatriate, repudiate, retaliate, substantiate.

Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits.

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Anagrams: Abbreviate

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams

Words within the letters "a-a-b-b-e-e-i-r-t-v"

-3 letters: barbate, variate, vibrate.

-4 letters: abater, aerate, aviate, baiter, barbet, barite, beater, beaver, berate, brevet, bribee, rabbet, rabbit, rebait, rebate, terbia, verite.

-5 letters: abate, aerie, aiver, areae, arete, atria, avert, barbe, beret, biter, brava, brave, bravi, breve, bribe, eater, ebbet, evert, evite, irate, rabat, rabbi, reata, reave, rebbe, reive, retia, retie, revet, riata, rivet, taber, terai, tiara, trave, tribe, varia, vitae.

 Words containing the letters "a-a-b-b-e-e-i-r-t-v"
 

+1 letter: abbreviated, abbreviates, rebarbative.

 

+3 letters: rebarbatively, unabbreviated.

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

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Alternative Orthography: Abbreviate


Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

41 62 62 72 65 76 69 61 74 65

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)

=

Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)

Braille (1829, in France) (references)

Morse Code (1836) (references)

.-    -...    -...    .-.    .    ...-    ..    .-    -    .

Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

01000001 01100010 01100010 01110010 01100101 01110110 01101001 01100001 01110100 01100101

HTML Code (1990) (references)

&#65 &#98 &#98 &#114 &#101 &#118 &#105 &#97 &#116 &#101

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

0041 0062 0062 0072 0065 0076 0069 0061 0074 0065

British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

35686884718875678671

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INDEX

1. Definition
2. Synonyms
3. Crosswords
4. Quotations: Familiar
5. Usage Frequency
6. Expressions: Internet
7. Translations: Modern
8. Translations: Ancient
9. Derivations
10. Rhymes
11. Anagrams
12. Orthography
13. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.