Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Wilderness |
WildernessNoun1. A wild and uninhabited area. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "wilderness" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1120. (references) |
Etymology: Wilderness \Wil"der*ness\, noun. [from Old English expression wildernesse, wilderne,probably from Anglo-Saxon wildor wild beast; compare to Dutch wildernis wilderness. See Wilder, transitive verb]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Agriculture | An area of federal land, usually 5,000 acres or more, where the impact of man is largely unnoticeable, and which has been designated as wilderness by Congress. (references) |
Bible | Wilderness (1.) Heb. midhbar, denoting not a barren desert but a district or region suitable for pasturing sheep and cattle (Ps. 65:12; Isa. 42:11; Jer. 23:10; Joel 1:19; 2:22); an uncultivated place. This word is used of the wilderness of Beersheba (Gen. 21:14), on the southern border of Palestine; the wilderness of the Red Sea (Ex. 13:18); of Shur (15:22), a portion of the Sinaitic peninsula; of Sin (17:1), Sinai (Lev. 7:38), Moab (Deut. 2:8), Judah (Judg. 1:16), Ziph, Maon, En-gedi (1 Sam. 23:14, 24; 24:1), Jeruel and Tekoa (2 Chr. 20:16, 20), Kadesh (Ps. 29:8). "The wilderness of the sea" (Isa. 21:1). Principal Douglas, referring to this expression, says: "A mysterious name, which must be meant to describe Babylon (see especially ver. 9), perhaps because it became the place of discipline to God's people, as the wilderness of the Red Sea had been (comp. Ezek. 20:35). Otherwise it is in contrast with the symbolic title in Isa. 22:1. Jerusalem is the "valley of vision," rich in spiritual husbandry; whereas Babylon, the rival centre of influence, is spiritually barren and as restless as the sea (comp. 57:20)." A Short Analysis of the O.T. (2.) Jeshimon, a desert waste (Deut. 32:10; Ps. 68:7). (3.) 'Arabah, the name given to the valley from the Dead Sea to the eastern branch of the Red Sea. In Deut. 1:1; 2:8, it is rendered "plain" (R.V., "Arabah"). (4.) Tziyyah, a "dry place" (Ps. 78:17; 105:41). (5.) Tohu, a "desolate" place, a place "waste" or "unoccupied" (Deut. 32:10; Job 12:24; comp. Gen. 1:2, "without form"). The wilderness region in the Sinaitic peninsula through which for forty years the Hebrews wandered is generally styled "the wilderness of the wanderings." This entire region is in the form of a triangle, having its base toward the north and its apex toward the south. Its extent from north to south is about 250 miles, and at its widest point it is about 150 miles broad. Throughout this vast region of some 1,500 square miles there is not a single river. The northern part of this triangular peninsula is properly the "wilderness of the wanderings" (et-Tih). The western portion of it is called the "wilderness of Shur" (Ex. 15:22), and the eastern the "wilderness of Paran." The "wilderness of Judea" (Matt. 3:1) is a wild, barren region, lying between the Dead Sea and the Hebron Mountains. It is the "Jeshimon" mentioned in 1 Sam. 23:19. Source: Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary. |
Food & Agriculture | A)an area established by the Federal Government and administered either by the Forest Service of the Department of Agriculture, the National Park Service, the Fish and Wildlife Service or the Bureau of Land Management, all of the Department of the Interior, in order to conserve its primeval character and influence for public enjoyment under primitive conditions in perpetuity; b)an area similar to(a)above but administered by other public or private agencies; c)popularly, any tract uncultivated and uninhabited by human beings. Source: European Union. (references) |
Mining | A. An area or tract of land that is uncultivated and uninhabited by people. b. North American stage: Middle Ordovician (above Porterfield, below Barnveld; it includes uppermost Black River and Rockland rocks).c. Mottled red and gray grit at Forest of Dean, U.K. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
The Battle of the Wilderness was the first battle of Lieut. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's 1864 Virginia campaign against General Robert E. Lee and the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia.The battle was fought in the Wilderness of Spotsylvania, an expanse of impenetrable scrub growth and rough terrain that encompassed more than 70 square miles of Spotsylvania County in central Virginia. A number of battles were fought in its vicinity between 1862 and 1864, including the bloody Battle of Chancellorsville in May 1863. It is often said that the Wilderness and Chancellorsville were fought in the same spot, but this isn't really the case. The Wilderness was actually fought a few miles to the west, and only overlapped the old battlefield along the Brock Road on the United States (Union) Army's left flank.
On May 2, 1864, the Army of the Potomac, nominally under the command of Maj. Gen. George G. Meade but taking orders from Grant, crossed the Rapidan River at three separate points and converged on the Wilderness Tavern, which ironically was the concentration point for the Confederates one year to the day earlier when they launched their devastating attack on the Union right flank at Chancellorsville. But Grant chose to set up his camps to the west of the old battle site before moving southward. Unlike the Union army of a year before, Grant had no desire to fight in the Wilderness.
On the other hand, for Lee, who was massively outnumbered as usual (65,000 men to Grant's 123,000), accosting Grant in the Wilderness was imperative for the same reason as a year ago--in a battle contested in the tangled woods, the value of artillery was limited, and Lee's artillery possessed fewer guns of lower quality than Grant's.
While waiting for the arrival of Lieut. Gen. James Longstreet's First Corps, which had been posted 25 miles to the west in order to guard against an attack on the crucial railroad junction of Gordonsville, Lee pushed forward his Second Corps, commanded by Lieut. Gen. Richard Ewell, and the Third Corps under the command of Lieut. Gen. A.P. Hill in an effort to engage Grant before he moved south. The Confederates were able to do this, and on May 5, both Ewell, on Lee's left flank, and Hill on the right clashed with Union soldiers.
On the left, Ewell met up with the Union V Corps under the command of Maj. Gen. G.K. Warren, and fought it to a standoff. For much of the day, Ewell's 20,000-man corps actually held a slight numerical advantage on this part of the field. But on the right, Hill was hit hard and driven back by the Union II Corps under Maj. Gen. Winfield Scott Hancock and a division from the VI Corps. He held his ground, however.
On May 6, Hancock, now commanding close to 40,000 men, resumed the attack on Hill's corps, while heavy Union reinforcements on Ewell's front prevented Lee from sending Second Corps men to aid Hill. By late morning, Hancock had driven Hill's corps back more than two miles and inflicted heavy casualties. With the Third Corps in dire straits, Lee began to look desperately for Longstreet, whose arrival had been expected hours before.
At around noon, Longstreet and the 20,000-man First Corps arrived at last, and its timing was perfect. Hancock's men were tired from six hours of fighting and disorganized. When Longstreet hurled his forces at the Union attackers, they recoiled and within two hours, the situation was totally reversed. Not only had Longstreet regained all the ground lost, he'd advanced one mile beyond that, forcing Hancock to regroup along the Brock Road. At a crucial moment in the fighting, Longstreet attacked through the cut of an unfinished railroad that had divided the Union forces in two, increasing the confusion. However, Longstreet did not have enough men to complete his victory, and the fighting soon petered out near the Brock Road. As the fighting wound down on this part of the battlefield, Longstreet was badly wounded and did not return to the Army of Northern Virginia for several months.
Just as this phase of the battle was ending, a division of the Second Corps under Maj. Gen. John Gordon launched one final assault on the Union right, partially turning the Army of the Potomac's flank and taking close to 1,000 prisoners. But darkness fell before the Confederates had a chance to press their advantage, and with that, the battle came to a close.
The battle is usually described as a draw; a better way of describing it would be as a tactical Confederate victory, but a strategic victory for the Union army. Lee inflicted heavy casualties on Grant's army, a total of 17,666 according to Army of the Potomac records. Lee, on the other hand, lost only about 7,500 men and ended the battle in possession of more of the field than it held when the fighting started. But at this point in the war, that wasn't sufficient. Grant, unlike Lee's previous adversaries, refused to retreat simply because he met a check. Lee would have to destroy the Army of the Potomac while he still had sufficient force to do so, and Grant was too skilled to allow that to happen.
On May 8, Grant ordered the Army of the Potomac to resume its advance, and less than a week later, the two armies clashed again 10 miles to the southeast, at the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House.
Portions of the Wilderness battlefield are now preserved as part of Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania County Battlefields Memorial National Military Park, administered by the National Park Service.
This is the battle of the Wilderness in the American Civil War. For the French and Indian War battle, see Battle of the Wilderness 1755.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Battle of the Wilderness."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
A Wilderness Area is an area of land that is protected from human encroachment. Many nations have designated wilderness areas incluidng South Africa and the United States. In the US a Wilderness Area is one within the federal lands which are set aside by statute as nature preserves. Human activities in Wilderness Areas are restricted to hiking and camping, horses are allowed but no motorized vehicles or equipment.See also land use, NOLS
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Wilderness Area."
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
Wildlands are areas of land where the vegetation is permitted to grow and natural forces are permitted to act without significant human interference. Many wildland areas are considered waste land because the area is uneconomic to develop for agriculture. However, ecologists point out that wildlands permit natural biodiversity to develop and these areas of land provide important reservoirs of plants and animals and provide natural habitats for wild flora and fauna that may be difficult to recreate in zoos.Wildlands can be found in Wilderness Areas.
Wildlands are known as Native bush or "the bush" in Australasia.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Wildland."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
| WI | English | The Wilderness Institute | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonym: WildernessSynonym: wild (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Aid | Sustentation, subvention, alimentation, nutrition, nourishment; eutrophy; manna in the wilderness; food; means. |
Complexity | Noun: complexity; complexness; Adjective: complexus; complication, implication; intricacy, intrication; perplexity; network, labyrinth; wilderness, jungle; involution, raveling, entanglement; coil; (convolution); sleave, tangled skein, knot, Gordian knot, wheels within wheels; kink, gnarl, knarl; webwork. |
Friend | Phrase: amici probantur rebus adversis; ohne bruder kann man leben nicht ohne Freund; " best friend, my well-spring in the wilderness "; conocidos muchos amigos pocos; " friend more divine than all divinities "; vida sin amigo muerte sin testigo. |
Pain | Loveliness; (beauty); sunny side, bright side; sweets; (sugar); goodness; manna in the wilderness, land flowing with milk and honey; bittersweet; fair weather. |
Pleasure | A wilderness of sweets; "I wish you all the joy that you can wish"; jour de ma vie; "joy ruled the day and love the night"; "joys season'd high and tasting strong of guilt"; "oh happiness, our being's end and aim!"; "there is a pleasure that is born of pain"; "throned on highest bliss"; vedi Napoli e poi muori; zwischen Freud und Leid ist die Brucke nicht weit. |
Seclusion Exclusion | Depopulation, desertion, desolation; wilderness; (unproductive); howling wilderness; rotten borough, Old Sarum. |
Space | Open space, free space; void; (absence); waste; wildness, wilderness; moor, moorland; campagna. |
Unproductiveness | Waste, desert, Sahara, wild, wilderness, howling wilderness. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
Crosswords: Wilderness |
| English words defined with "wilderness": barren, battle of Spotsylvania Courthouse, Bigfoot, bush ♦ desert ♦ Everglades National Park ♦ Feast of Tabernacles, frontier ♦ godforsaken, Guadalupe Mountains National Park ♦ Indian trail ♦ North Cascades National Park ♦ Sasquatch, Spotsylvania, stunning ♦ waste, wasteland, wild ♦ Yellowstone National Park. (references) |
| Specialty definitions using "wilderness": Arimaspians ♦ Betharabah, Beth-arabah ♦ class I area ♦ Dophkah, Drama of Exile ♦ Elparan, Ephraim in the wilderness, Exodus, Book of ♦ Gibeah-haaraloth, GUIDE, ALPINE ♦ Hashmonah ♦ Iim, Ije-abarim ♦ Jeruel, Jordan Passed ♦ Kedar's Tents ♦ Machbanai, manna, Middin, Mithcah, Mosera, Moseroth, Mount of the Amorites ♦ Nahaliel ♦ Oboth ♦ Pagiel, Paran ♦ quails ♦ Rimmon-parez, Rithmah ♦ Sansloy, Secacah, Shapher, Succoth ♦ Tophel ♦ Zalmonah, Zin ♦ -zin. (references) |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | All our hopes now lie with two little hobbits, somewhere in the wilderness. (The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers; writing credit: Frances Walsh) John Major! The Iron Man, banishing those rebels to the wilderness! (Drop the Dead Donkey; writing credit: Andy Hamilton; Guy Jenkin) The frontier moves with the sun and pushes the Red Man of these wilderness forests in front of it until one day there will be nowhere left (The Last of the Mohicans; writing credit: James Fenimore Cooper; John L. Balderston) Sounds like a damn wilderness if you ask me. And we're a shade old to start fightin' Indians all over again, don't you think (Lonesome Dove; writing credit: Larry McMurtry; William D. Wittliff) You have survived with honor, that and more, here in the wilderness. You have turned defeat into victory (The Bridge on the River Kwai; writing credit: Pierre Boulle) | |
Lyrics | I made it through the wilderness (Like A Virgin; performing artist: Madonna) Take it hip to hip rock it through the wilderness (Roam; performing artist: The B-52's) | |
Clever | A twofold national problem is how to preserve the wilderness in the country and get rid of the jungle in the cities. (references; author: unknown) | |
Movie/TV Titles | City Out of Wilderness (1974) Vanishing Wilderness (1974) American Wilderness (1972) Sun and Wilderness Concerto for Water (1972) Alaska Wilderness Lake (1971) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title | ||
Books | |||
Periodicals | |||
Theater & Movies | |||
Music |
| ||
High Tech |
| ||
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | The Lena River, some 2,800 miles(4,500km) long, is one of the largest rivers in the world. The Lena Delta Reserve is the most extensive protected wilderness area in Russia. It is an important refuge and breeding grounds for many species of Siberian wildlife. Credit: NASA. |  | Maj. Terrence Leary (left) helps Maj. Russell Fellers adjust the seat before taking off on the next 10-mile leg of a 40-mile mountain bike relay during the all-service Wilderness Challenge 2000. Leary and Fellers were members of the Air Force Pentagon tea. |
 | Team members from F.E. Warren Air Force Base, Wyo., race up the steps of the Fayetteville, W.Va., court house during the end of the 5.5-mile run, the last event in a four-event competition sponsored by Navy Morale, Welfare and Recreation dubbed Wilderness. |  | The team from F.E. Warren Air Force Base, Wyo., traverses the whitewater rapids during a 14-mile trek down the New River during a two-day military Wilderness Challenge competition near Fayetteville, W.Va. (P.; photo by Staff Sgt. Keith Brown).. |
 | Smoke rising above the Sawtooth Wilderness. Credit: USDA. |  | Silhouettes, Sawtooth Wilderness, Boise National Forest. Credit: USDA. |
 | Fish and wildlife photographer Jim Clark and his dog Bailey wait for the sunrise in the Dolly Sods Wilderness area of the Monongahelia NF, WV. Credit: USDA. |  | Wilderness Ranger enjoys the view of Clearwater Lake on the Superior National Forest, MN. Credit: USDA. |
 | Honeycombs Wilderness Study Area. OR 3-77A. Credit: Harmon. |  | Devils Garden Lava Bed Wilderness Study Area at sunset. OR 1-2. Credit: Unknown. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
 |
| "Idaho's wilderness 5" by K.C. Hohensee Commentary: "When God decides to create beauty, he chose the Idaho wilderness..." |
Source: photographs selected by the editor, with permission from the photographers. |
| Author | Quotation |
George Eliot | Best friend, my well-spring in the wilderness! |
Henry David Thoreau | In wilderness is the preservation of the world. |
James Russell Lowell | One thorn of experience is worth a whole wilderness of warning. |
John Muir | The clearest way into the universe is through a forest wilderness. |
Publius Cornelius Tacitus | They make a wilderness and call it peace. |
| To plunder, to slaughter, to steal, these things they misname empire; and where they make a wilderness, they call it peace. | |
Thomas Jefferson | That Indian swamp in the wilderness. |
William Stoughton | God hath sifted a nation that he might send coice grain into this wilderness. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | This measure did confine every man's possession to a very moderate proportion, and such as he might appropriate to himself, without injury to any body, in the first ages of the world, when men were more in danger to be lost, by wandering from their company, in the then vast wilderness of the earth, than to be straitened for want of room to plant in. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Scarlet Letter | Hawthorne, Nathaniel | The small denizens of the wilderness hardly took pains to move out of her path |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | In the dark night, across the bleak wilderness guide us on to our Lord Jesus, guide us home |
Grapes of Wrath | Steinbeck, John | Then across the bridge and into the broken rock wilderness. |
Walden | Thoreau, Henry David | But I see that if I were to live in a wilderness I should again be tempted to become a fisher and hunter in earnest |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Economic History | Botswana | Botswana's Central Kalahari Game Reserve also offers good game viewing and some of the most remote and unspoiled wilderness in southern Africa. (references) |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | MANNA, n. A food miraculously given to the Israelites in the wilderness. When it was no longer supplied to them they settled down and tilled the soil, fertilizing it, as a rule, with the bodies of the original occupants. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
James Monroe | 1817-1825 | At the first epoch half the territory within our acknowledged limits was uninhabited and a wilderness. |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1963-1969 | To those who were small and few against the wilderness, the success of liberty demanded the strength of union. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | In addition to the Alaska Lands Act, over the past four years we have been able to expand significantly the national wilderness and parks systems. |
Ronald Reagan | 1981-1989 | When the first President, George Washington, placed his hand upon the Bible, he stood less than a single day's journey by horseback from raw, untamed wilderness. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "Wilderness" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 98.93% of the time. "Wilderness" is used about 651 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (singular) | 98.93% | 644 | 10,128 |
| Noun (proper) | 0.77% | 5 | 157,705 |
| Noun (common) | 0.31% | 2 | 245,945 |
| Total | 100.00% | 651 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "wilderness": a voice in the wilderness ♦ be sent into the wilderness ♦ Ephraim in the wilderness ♦ howling wilderness ♦ manna in the wilderness ♦ voice in the wilderness ♦ wilderness area ♦ Wilderness Campaign ♦ wilderness of. Additional references. | |
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "wilderness": Covington-Sawyer-Wilderness, pine-wilderness, w-w-wilderness. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "wilderness"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Albanian | vend i shkretë (waste), labirint (labyrinth, maze, Warren). (various references) | |
Arabic | مقدار ضخم (smart, vast), قفر (desert, tumble, waste, wasteland, wild, wild land), صحراء (desert, sand), برية (wildness). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | огромна маса (ocean), необятно пусто пространство, необятна маса, множество (host, legion, loads of, many, mass, multiplicity, multitude, plurality, regiment, scores, set, swarm, throng, troop, variety), безброй (myriad, sight, umpteen, zillion), пустош (desolation, moor, moorland, waste, waste land, wasteland, wild), пустиня (desert, wild), пущинак (common, waste, wasteland, wild). (various references) | |
Chinese | 荒野 , 原野, 曠 (waste), 坰 (environs). (various references) | |
Czech | výstřednost (eccentricity, extravagance, kink, oddity, peculiarity, quirk, weirdness), divokost (ferocity, fierceness, truculence). (various references) | |
Danish | vildnis, vildmark (primitive area, wild land, wilderness area). (various references) | |
Dutch | wildernis (desert). (various references) | |
Farsi | سرزمین نامسکون ورام نشده , صحرا (Desert), بیابان (Champ). (various references) | |
Finnish | erämaa (desert, the wilds). (various references) | |
French | zone de nature protégée (wilderness area), région sauvage, jungle, désert, étendue désert. (various references) | |
German | Wildnis (boondocks, desert, fierceness, savageness, waste). (various references) | |
Greek | έρημοσ (bleak, derelict, desert, desolate, forlorn, lonesome, waste), έρημος τόπος, έρημος (desert), ερημιά (desert, privacy, solitude), αγριότοπος. (various references) | |
Hebrew | ישימון (desert, desolation, wasteland), שממה (desolation, waste, wasteland, wild), ערבה (desert, dry land, plain, prairie, steppe), חרבה (desert, waste). (various references) | |
Hungarian | vadon (boondocks, feral, wild), pusztaság (barren, desert, desolation, heath, Heather, waste, wild). (various references) | |
Indonesian | hutan belantara. (various references) | |
Italian | zona a natura protetta (primitive area, wilderness area), riserva (backup, fund, national park, Park, pool, preserve, provision, qualification, reservation, reserve, sanctuary, stand by, stock), regione selvaggia (Bush), luogo selvaggio (wild), deserto (desert, deserted, empty, waste, wasteland). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 荒野 (desert, deserted land, prairie, vast plain, wasteland, wilds), 原 (field, fundamental, moor, original, plain, prairie, primary, primitive, raw, tundra). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | こうぶち (wasteland, wild land), こうや (8 p.m., a plain, desert, deserted land, dyer, prairie, suburban fields, vast plain, wasteland, wilds), こうげん (a wide plain or field, antigen, boasting, bragging, declaration, flattery, light source, plateau, profession, protest, tableland, talking big), あれの (desert, deserted land, prairie, vast plain, wasteland, wild land, wilds), あらの (desert, deserted land, prairie, vast plain, wasteland, wilds), げんや (field, moor, plain, waste land), はら (abdomen, belly, field, moor, plain, prairie, stomach, tundra). (various references) | |
Korean | 황야. (various references) | |
Manx | faasagh (desert, desolate, waste place, wild). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | ildernessway.(various references) | |
Portuguese | zona de natureza protegida (primitive area, wilderness area), vastidão (expanse, outspread, width), sertão (backwoods, jungle), selva (bush, jungle, primeval forest), lugar selvagem, infinidade (infinitude, infinity), imensidão (ocean), grande quantidade (a lot of, considerable, galore, infinity, lots, million, mort, much, oodles, peck, pocketful, profusion, raft, regiment, sea, shoal, sight, stack, thickness, ton, tonne, torrent), estado selvagem (savagery), deserto (arid, desert, deserted, desolate, devastated, dreary, gaunt, solitude, waste, wild). (various references) | |
Romanian | teren lãsat în paraginã, sãlbãticiune (desert, wild animal), regiune sãlbaticã, pustiu (bare, blank, bleak, desert, deserted, desolate, empty, gaunt, senseless, solitary, solitude, uninhabited, unoccupied, useless, waste, wild), pustietate (seclusion, solitude), pustie (desert, waste), deşert (bare, desert, desolate, empty, futile, unfounded, unoccupied, vacant, vacuum, vain, vainglorious, void, waste), coclauri (hollow, ravine). (various references) | |
Russian | глушь (back country, boondocks, hinterland, wildernesses), масса (army, array, bulk, congeries, crowd, handful, heap, heaps of, lashings, lot of, lots, lots of, lotsa, mass, mountain, multitude, passel, paste, ream, regiment, ruck, stock, stuff, the million, wealth of, weight, whale), пустыня (desert, dust bowl, waste, wasteland). (various references) | |
Scottish | fàsach (desert). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | pustoš (devastation, havoc, wasteland), divljina (savagery, wild). (various references) | |
Spanish | zona selvática (primitive area, wilderness area), yermo (barren, bleak, leak, waste, waste land, wild), fragosidad (roughness), estado silvestre (wildness), estado salvaje (wildness), desierto (dead, desert, deserted, deserter, empty, lonely, waste), área selvática (primitive area, wilderness area). (various references) | |
Swedish | vildmark (outback, wilds), öken (desert). (various references) | |
Turkish | yığın (accumulation, agglomerate, agglomeration, aggregation, bank, batch, budget, bulk, bundle, cartload, chunk, clamp, clump, collection, congeries, conglomerate, conglomeration, crowd, drove, flock, force, heap, Hill, huddle, lump, mass, mound, pack, Peck, pile, raft, slew, stack, swarm, tons, volume), sahra, kalabalık (army, assemblage, cohort, concourse, congested, congestion, cram, crop, crowd, crowded, crush, drove, flock, gaggle, gathering, hive, horde, host, huddle, legion, mob, multitude, multitudinous, populous, press, regiment, rush hour, shoal, spate, squash, throng, thronged), kır (bent, fell, field, frosty, Gray, grayish, grayness, grey, greyish, grizzle, grizzled, grizzly, moor, moorland, prairie), el değmemiş yer, bakımsız bahçe, çöl (desert). (various references) | |
Turkmen | jeссel (forest, jungle). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | цілина (virgin), незаймана природа, безліч (a lot of, abundance, army, array, bag, bagful, barrel, bushel, cumulus, dozens, host, infinite, lashings, legion, lots of, multitude, number, numbers, ocean, oodles, orb, orgy, pack, plenty, reams, rout, ruck, scores, shoal, shower, ton, variety, vast, wealth, world), пустеля (desert, sands, solitudes, thirst, waste, wild). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | vùng hoang vu (waste, wild), ni hoang tàn vô vàn. (various references) | |
Welsh | tir gwyllt, diffeithwch (desert), diffaith (base, desert, mean, waste), anialwch (desert), anialdir, anial (desert, desolate, fine, grievous, wild). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Latin | 500 BCE-Modern | avia, avium, deserta, deserti, desertis, deserto, desertum, heremi, heremiam, heremo, heremum, solitudine, solitudinem, solitudines, solitudinibus, solitudinis, solitudo. (various references) |
| Old English | 450-1100 | wildeoren. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | John Chapter 6, Verse 49 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Oi patereV umwn efagon to manna en th erhmw kai apeqanon |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Patres vestri manducaverunt in deserto manna et mortui sunt |
| Old English | 990 | West Saxon | Ure fæderes æten heofonlicne mete onwestene & hyo senden deade. |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | Youre fadris eeten manna in desert, and ben deed. |
| Renaissance English | 1526 | Tyndale | Youre fathers dyd eate Mana in ye wildernes and are deed. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | Your fathers did eat manna in the wilderness, and are dead. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | Your fathers ate manna in the wilderness, and are dead. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | Your fathers took the manna in the waste land--and they are dead. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | John Chapter 6, Verse 49 |
| Cebuano | Ang inyong mga ginikanan nanagkaon sa mana didto sa kamingawan, ngani nangamatay sila. |
| Chinese | 你 們 的 祖 宗 在 曠 野 喫 過 嗎 哪 、 還 是 死 了 。 |
| Croatian | Oèevi vaši jedoše u pustinji manu i pomriješe. |
| Danish | Eders Fædre åde Manna i Ørkenen og døde. |
| Dutch | Uw vaders hebben het Manna gegeten in de woestijn, en zij zijn gestorven. |
| Finnish | Teidän isänne söivät mannaa erämaassa, ja he kuolivat. |
| French | Vos pères ont mangé la manne dans le désert, et ils sont morts. |
| German | Eure Väter haben Manna gegessen in der Wüste und sind gestorben. |
| Haitian Creole | Zansèt nou yo te manje laman nan dezè a, atousa yo mouri. |
| Hungarian | A ti atyáitok a mannát ették a pusztában, és meghaltak. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Nenek moyangmu makan manna di padang gurun dan mereka mati juga. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Nenek moyang kamu telah makan Manna di padang belantara, dan mati juga mereka itu. |
| Italian | I vostri padri hanno mangiato la manna nel deserto e sono morti; |
| Latvian | Jûsu tçvi çda mannu tuksnesî un nomira. |
| Maori | I kai ra o koutou matua i te mana i te koraha, a i mate ratou. |
| Norwegian | Eders fedre åt manna i ørkenen og døde; |
| Portuguese | Vossos pais comeram o maná no deserto e morreram. |
| Rumanian | Pqrinyii vowtri au mkncat manq kn pustie, wi au murit. |
| Russian | пФГЩ ЧБЫЙ ЕМЙ НБООХ Ч РХУФЩОЕ Й ХНЕТМЙ; |
| Shuar | Iis, Atumí uuntri aents atsamunam Maná yurumkan Yúawariatcha Ashí Jákarmiayi. |
| Spanish | Vuestros padres comieron el maná en el desierto y murieron. |
| Swahili | Wazee wenu walikula mana kule jangwani, lakini walikufa. |
| Swedish | Edra fäder åto manna i öknen, och de dogo. |
| Uma | "Pongkoni' to rahanga' manna to rakoni' ntu'a-ni owi hi papada to wao' uma mpowai' katuwua', apa' mate omea moto-ra. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "wilderness": wildernesses. (additional references) | |
| |
"Wilderness" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: wildernes, wildernesse, winderness. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "wilderness" (pronounced wi"ldernus) |
| 5 | -d er n u s | tenderness. |
| 4 | -er n u s | bitterness, cavernous, cleverness, eagerness, governess, otherness, togetherness. |
| 3 | -n u s | abruptness, absoluteness, acuteness, aggressiveness, agribusiness, airworthiness, alertness, aloofness, alumnus, Anas, androgynous, anise, appropriateness, arbitrariness, assertiveness, astuteness, asynchronous, attentiveness, attractiveness, awareness, awfulness, awkwardness, backwardness, badness, bagginess, baldness, bearishness, bigness, bituminous, blackness, blandness, bleakness, blindness, bluntness, boldness, bonus, boorishness, brashness, brightness, bullishness, business, callousness, calmness, carelessness, casualness, cautiousness, cheapness, chitinous, cleanliness, cleanness, closeness, cloudiness, clumsiness, cockiness, cohesiveness, coldness, Colonus, combativeness, compactness, competitiveness, completeness, consciousness, contagiousness, contentiousness, contrariness, Conus, coolness, correctness, coziness, craziness, creativeness, creditworthiness, creepiness, crispness, crookedness, cuteness, dampness, darkness, Deaconess, deadliness, deafness, decisiveness, defensiveness, destructiveness, directness, disingenuousness, distinctiveness, divisiveness, dizziness, dreariness, drowsiness, drunkenness, dryness, dullness, earnestness, edginess, effectiveness, elusiveness, emptiness, evenness, exogenous, eyewitness, faintness, fairness, farsightedness, fastness, fickleness, firmness, fitness, flatness, fondness, foolishness, forcefulness, forgiveness, forthrightness, foulness, fractiousness, frankness, freshness, friendliness, frothiness, fullness, funniness, furnace, gauntness, gayness, gelatinous, gentleness, genuineness, genus, ghastliness, gluttonous, goodness, graciousness, greatness, greenness, grimness, hairiness, handedness, happiness, hardness, harmfulness, harness, harshness, heinous, helplessness, highness, hoarseness, holiness, homelessness, homesickness, homogenous, hopefulness, hopelessness, humanness, idleness, illness, inclusiveness, indebtedness, indecisiveness, indigenous, ineffectiveness, ineptness, inertness, intravenous, intrusiveness, inventiveness, joblessness, Johannes, kindness, larcenous, largeness, lateness, lawlessness, laziness, lenis, lightfastness, lightness, likeness, liveliness, loneliness, lousiness, luminous, madness, Manus, meanness, membranous, menace, Minas, mindedness, minus, monotonous, mountainous, mutinous, narrowness, nastiness, nearsightedness, neatness, nervousness, newness, niceness, nitrogenous, nonbusiness, nonpoisonous, nosiness, nothingness, numbness, ominous, oneness, onus, openness, orderliness, outrageousness, outspokenness, pandanus, peacefulness, penis, permissiveness, persuasiveness, pervasiveness, pettiness, playfulness, poisonous, politeness, polygynous, pompousness, possessiveness, powerlessness, preparedness, queasiness, quickness, quietness, raciness, randomness, rareness, ravenous, rawness, readiness, reasonableness, rebelliousness, recklessness, redness, remoteness, resistiveness, resourcefulness, responsiveness, restiveness, restlessness, restrictiveness, richness, righteousness, rightness, riskiness, robustness, roominess, roughness, rowdiness, rudeness, ruinous, ruthlessness, sacredness, sadness, Salinas, sameness, scantiness, secretiveness, selfishness, selflessness, sensitiveness, separateness, seriousness, shakiness, shallowness, sharpness, shortness, shortsightedness, shrewdness, shyness, sickness, silliness, sinus, skittishness, slackness, sleepiness, sloppiness, slovenliness, slowness, sluggishness, slyness, smallness, smoothness, smugness, softness, solitariness, soundness, spiritedness, squeamishness, starkness, steadfastness, steadiness, steepness, sternness, stiffness, stillness, stinginess, stoutness, strangeness, stubbornness, sturdiness, suddenness, suggestiveness, sweetness, swiftness, tardiness, tartness, tastiness, tetanus, thickness, thinness, thoroughness, thoughtfulness, tightness, timeliness, tiredness, toughness, trustworthiness, truthfulness, ugliness, unconsciousness, uneasiness, unfairness, unhappiness, uniqueness, unpleasantness, unwieldiness, unwillingness, usefulness, vagueness, vastness, venous, viciousness, villainous, vindictiveness, vividness, voluminous, wariness, wastefulness, waterishness, weakness, weariness, weightlessness, weirdness, wellness, wetness, whiteness, wholeness, wholesomeness, wickedness, wildness, willingness, wimpiness, wistfulness, witness, wonderfulness, worldliness, worthiness, wryness. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "d-e-e-i-l-n-r-s-s-w" | |
-1 letter: swindlers, weirdness. | |
-2 letters: dewiness, direness, idleness, lewdness, linseeds, redlines, reinless, rewidens, swindler, swindles, wideners, wideness, wielders, wildness, windless, wineless, wireless. | |
-3 letters: deniers, desires, dewless, diesels, eldress, endless, endwise, enisled, enisles, ensiled, ensiles, idlesse, ireless, lenders, lewises, liernes, linseed, nereids, newsier, newsies, redline, redness, relends, relined, relines, resends, resides, resiled, resiles, resined, rewelds, rewiden. | |
| Words containing the letters "d-e-e-i-l-n-r-s-s-w" | |
+2 letters: wildernesses. | |
+3 letters: worldlinesses. | |
+4 letters: bewilderedness, cowardlinesses, towardlinesses. | |
+5 letters: unworldlinesses. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Images: Digital Art | 9. Quotations: Familiar 10. Quotations: Historic 11. Quotations: Fiction 12. Quotations: Non-fiction | 13. Quotations: Speeches 14. Usage Frequency 15. Expressions 16. Expressions: Internet | 17. Translations: Modern 18. Translations: Ancient 19. Bible Trace 20. Abbreviations | 21. Acronyms 22. Derivations 23. Rhymes 24. Anagrams | 25. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
