Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: Thou |
ThouNoun1. The cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100. Source: WordNet 1.7.1 Copyright © 2001 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. |
Date "thou" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1010. (references) |
Note: Thou \Thou\, pronoun [Sing.: nominative Thou; possesive Thyor Thine; obj. Thee. Pl.: nominative You; possesive Youror Yours; obj. You.]. (references) |
| Domain | Definition |
Electrical Engineering | One thousandth of an inch. Source: European Union. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)
This article is about the pronoun "thou": for the unit of length, see thou (unit).Thou is the old second person singular pronoun of the English language. Thou is the nominative case; the oblique or accusative is thee, and the genitive is thy or thine. Thou is primarily unused in modern English apart from in some of the regional dialects of England and in some religious contexts. Otherwise, its contemporary use is a certain sign of deliberate archaism.
Etymology
Thou represents the expected outcome of Old English þú, which, with expected Germanic lengthening of the vowel in an open syllable, represents Indo-European *tu. Thou is therefore cognate with Latin, French, and Spanish tu. A cognate form of the pronoun exists in almost every other Indo-European language.
Usage
Thou has a set of verb forms that should accompany it if you wish to use it without solecism. These verb forms are generally characterised by the endings -st or -est. They are used in both the present tense and the preterite forms. These are used on both strong and weak verbs.
The forms used with the irregular verb to be are thou art and thou wast; with the irregular verb to have, thou hast and thou hadst; with the irregular verb do, thou dost; with the irregular verb shall, thou shalt; and with will, thou wilt.
- Strong verbs:
- thou knowest
- thou knew(e)st
- thou drivest
- thou drovest
- Weak verbs:
- thou makest
- thou madest
- thou lovest
- thou loved(e)st
The endings in -(e)st are omitted as usual in the subjunctive and imperative moods, except that thou wert is used in the past tense of the subjunctive:
Some later authors use thou be'st or thou best as a subjunctive:
- If thou be Johan, I tell it thee, right with a good advice. . .;
- Be Thou my vision, O Lord of my heart. . .
- I do wish thou wert a dog, that I might love thee something. . .
This is not the way it was originally done in Middle English. Some later authors also use thou thinketh and similar forms with the old third person singular ending in -eth with thou. This is a mistake, and usually crops up in writing using thou in later parody.
- If thou be'st born to strange sights. . . (John Collier);
- If thou best a miller. . . thou art doubly a thief. (Sir Walter Scott)
Thee corresponds with the oblique or accusative form me in the first person, and is used as they are: as a direct or indirect object. Thy and thine correspond with my and mine. In the deliberately archaic style in which you might want to use thine, remember that the forms with /n/ are used before any word beginning with a vowel sound: thine eyes.
History
Before the Norman Conquest, thou was governed by a fairly simple rule. It did not differ in usage from ye/you; thou addressed a single person, ye more than one.
From French, English acquired the habit of addressing kings and other aristocrats in the plural. Eventually, this was generalised, as in French, to address any social superior or stranger with a plural pronoun, which was felt to be more polite. In French, it came to pass that tu was intimate, condescending, and to a stranger potentially insulting, while the plural form vous was reserved and formal. In languages that use pronouns this way, it is called the T-V distinction.
Something of this did appear in English. At the trial of Sir Walter Raleigh, Sir Edward Coke, prosecuting for the Crown, reportedly sought to insult Raleigh by saying,
here using thou as a verb meaning "to call thou." However, the practice never took root in English the way it did in French.
- I thou thee, thou traitor!
William Tyndale, seeking to preserve the singular and plural distinctions he found in his Hebrew and Greek originals, consistently used thou for the singular and ye for the plural regardless of the relative status of speaker and listener. By doing so, he probably saved thou from utter obscurity, and gave it an air of solemnity that sharply distinguished it from its French counterpart. Tyndale's usage was imitated in the King James Bible, and remained familiar because of that translation.
William Shakespeare occasionally seems to use thou in the intimate, French style sense, but he is by no means consistent in using the word that way, and friends and lovers call each other ye or you as often as they call each other thou. In Henry IV, Shakespeare has Falstaff mix up the two forms speaking to Prince Henry, the heir apparent and Falstaff's commanding officer, in the same lines of dialogue. It might be said here that the Prince combined the roles of prince and drinking companion:
Thou had almost gone out of usage entirely in most English dialects by the year 1650. Its use in the Bible and in classical literature like Shakespeare gave thou an air of formality and solemnity. This usage has entirely dispelled any air of informal familiarity that might have hung around thou; it is used in solemn ritual occasions, in readings from the King James Bible, in Shakespeare, in starchily formal literary compositions that seek to evoke the solemn emotions called forth by these antecedents, and otherwise to address lofty persons like God, Achilles, or the Mighty Thor.
- PRINCE: Thou art so fat-witted with drinking of old sack, and unbuttoning thee after supper, and sleeping upon benches after noon, that thou hast forgotten to demand that truly which thou wouldest truly know. What a devil hast thou to do with the time of the day? …
- FALSTAFF: Indeed, you come near me now, Hal … And, I prithee, sweet wag, when thou art a king, as God save thy Grace " Majesty, I should say; for grace thou wilt have none -"
Quakers formerly used thee as an ordinary pronoun; the stereotype has them saying thee for both nominative and accusative cases. This was started by George Fox at the beginning of the Quaker movement as an attempt to preserve the egalitarian familiarity associated with the pronoun; it was not heard that way, and seemed instead to be an affected attempt at speaking like the King James Bible. Most Quakers have abandoned this usage.
More recently, the philosopher Martin Buber has been translated into English as using the words I and Thou to describe our ideal familiar relationship with the Deity. Because in English thou is actually more reserved and formal in actual practice, the translation does not convey the intended meaning well.
Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Thou."
| The following table is compiled from various sources, across various languages. When English abbreviations or acronyms come from a non-English source, this is noted. | |||
| Entry | Source | Expression | Field |
thou | English | Thousands | Meteorology & Standards |
Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |||
Synonyms: ThouSynonyms: chiliad (n), grand (n), one thousand (n), thousand (n), yard (n). (additional references) |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Existence | Phrase: ens rationis; ergo sum cogito: "thinkest thou existence doth depend on time?". |
Hope | At spes non fracta; ego spem prietio non emo; un Dieu est ma fiance; " hope! thou nurse of young desire "; in hoc signo spes mea; in hoc signo vinces; la speranza e il pan de miseri; l'esperance est le songe d'un homme eveille; " the mighty hopes that make us men"; " the sickening pang of hope deferred ". |
Ingratitude | Phrase: "ingraPhrase: "ingratitude! thou marble-hearted fiend ". |
Intellect | Phrase: ens rationis; frons est animi janua; locos y ninos dicen la verdad; mens sola loco non exulat; " my mind is my kingdom "; " stern men with empires in their brains "; " the mind, the music breathing from her face "; " thou living ray of intellectual Fire ". |
Pain | Phrase: "the iron entered into our soul"; haeret lateri lethalis arundo; one's heart bleeding; "down, thou climbing sorrow"; "mirth cannot move a soul in agony"; nessun maggior dolere che ricordarsi del tempo felice nella miseria; "sorrow's crown of sorrow is remembering happier things"; "the Niobe of Nations". |
Perpetuity | Phrase: esto perpetuum; labitur et labetur in omne volubilis oevum; "but thou shall flourish in immortal youth"; "Eternity! thou pleasing, dreadful thought"; "her immortal part with angels lives"; ohne Rast; ora e sempre. |
Piety | Phrase: ne vile fano; "pure-eyed Faith.. thou hovering angel girt with golden wings". |
Rite | Phrase: "what art thou, thou idol ceremony?". |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | The cars are gone, the buyers want their deposits back, they all do. That's eighty thou, Charlie (Rain Man; writing credit: Ronald Bass) Thou that smelled it thine own self dealt it. (Space Ghost Coast to Coast; writing credit: Ben Karlin) Why, Romeo, art thou mad (Romeo + Juliet; writing credit: Craig Pearce) Canst thou not see the four great arms whirling at his back (Man of La Mancha; writing credit: Dale Wasserman) Whither thou goest, I shall go. Until I get at least a thousand in my pocket (Shannon's Deal; writing credit: David Greenwalt) | |
Movie/TV Titles | Thou Shalt Not Kill (1970) The Child Thou Gavest Me (1921) Thou Art the Man (1920) The Woman Thou Gavest Me (1919) Whither Thou Goest (1917) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Theater & Movies | |
Music |
|
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit | Thumbnail | Description & Credit |
 | Thou lazy varlet! late again. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | Whatsoever wouldst thou ask, Salome?. Credit: Library of Congress. |
 | Wife of formerly rehabilitation client. Now operating own farm under Tenant Purchase Act. A year and a half ahead on their payments. Family labor harvesting milo maize. Average loan for purchase of farm and improvements in San Joaquin County is seven thou. Credit: Library of Congress. |  | The 12th Commandment : Thou shalt not hassle. Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
Colley Cibber | Thou strange piece of wild nature! |
Emily Dickinson | Where thou art, that is home. |
Francois Rabelais | Do what thou wilt. |
George Herbert | Be useful where thou livest. |
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow | Resolve and thou art free. |
| Resolve, and thou art free. | |
John Dryden | Thou strong seducer, Opportunity! |
Miguel De Cervantes | Thou hast seen nothing yet. |
| Think before thou speakest. | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | Also (say they) in time past, when Saul was king over us, thou wast he that reddest out and broughtest in Israel, and the Lord said unto thee, Thou shalt feed my people Israel, and thou shalt be a captain over Israel. (Second Treatise of Government) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Scarlet Letter | Hawthorne, Nathaniel | Yet, if death be in this cup, I bid thee think again, ere thou beholdest me quaff it. |
Les Miserables | Hugo, Victor | Thou hast Ionian lips |
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man | Joyce, James | Lead us still as thou hast led. |
King Richard III | Shakespeare, William | Thou art sworn as deeply to effect what we intend As closely to conceal what we impart |
Measure for Measure | William Shakespeare | Thou hast nor youth nor age, but, as it were, an after-diner's sleep, dreaming on both |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | FEMALE, n. One of the opposing, or unfair, sex. The Maker, at Creation's birth, With living things had stocked the earth. From elephants to bats and snails, They all were good, for all were males. But when the Devil came and saw He said: "By Thine eternal law Of growth, maturity, decay, These all must quickly pass away And leave untenanted the earth Unless Thou dost establish birth" -- Then tucked his head beneath his wing To laugh -- he had no sleeve -- the thing With deviltry did so accord, That he'd suggested to the Lord. The Master pondered this advice, Then shook and threw the fateful dice Wherewith all matters here below Are ordered, and observed the throw; Then bent His head in awful state, Confirming the decree of Fate. From every part of earth anew The conscious dust consenting flew, While rivers from their courses rolled To make it plastic for the mould. Enough collected (but no more, For niggard Nature hoards her store) He kneaded it to flexible clay, While Nick unseen threw some away. And then the various forms He cast, Gross organs first and finer last; No one at once evolved, but all By even touches grew and small Degrees advanced, till, shade by shade, To match all living things He'd made Females, complete in all their parts Except (His clay gave out) the hearts. "No matter," Satan cried; "with speed I'll fetch the very hearts they need" -- So flew away and soon brought back The number needed, in a sack. That night earth range with sounds of strife -- Ten million males each had a wife; That night sweet Peace her pinions spread O'er Hell -- ten million devils dead! G.J. |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| "Thou" is generally used as a pronoun (personal) -- approximately 95.40% of the time. "Thou" is used about 760 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Pronoun (personal) | 95.4% | 725 | 9,302 |
| Unclassified Items | 4.6% | 35 | 58,339 |
| Total | 100.00% | 760 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
| The following table summarizes names derived from the word "thou". | |||
| Name | Gender | Language | Meaning |
| Eliathah | N/A | Biblical | Thou art my God |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references.
| |||
Expressions using "thou": thou doest ♦ thou shalt ♦ thou wast. Additional references. | |
| Hyphenated Usage | |
Beginning with "thou": thou-shalt-nots. | |
Ending with "thou": i-thou. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "thou"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | |
Afrikaans | jy (ye, you), jou (thee, to, to thee, to you, ye, you, your). (various references) | |
Albanian | ti (of you, thee, ye, you). (various references) | |
Arabic | خاطبه بهذه الصيغة, أنت (you). (various references) | |
Bulgarian | хиляда (chiliad, mil, thousand), хил., ти (thee, ye, you, yourself). (various references) | |
Catalan | tu (you), vostè (you), vosaltres (ye, you). (various references) | |
Chinese | 爾 (like that, so, thus, you), 汝 , ' , 卿 (minister, term of endearment between spouses). (various references) | |
Czech | ty (the, ye, you). (various references) | |
Danish | du (ye, you, you familiar). (various references) | |
Dutch | je (one, thee, they, ye, you, your). (various references) | |
Esperanto | vi (you), ci (you). (various references) | |
Faeroese | tygum (ye, you), tit (ye, you), tú (one, they, ye, you). (various references) | |
Farsi | یک هزاردلار, توبکسی خطاب کردن , تو (Inside). (various references) | |
Finnish | sinä (ye, you), 1/1000 tuumaa (mil, milli-inch). (various references) | |
French | tu, toi (thee). (various references) | |
Frisian | jo (ye, you, your), dy (that, that one, ye, yonder, you), do (dove, pigeon, ye, you), dû (ye, you). (various references) | |
German | du (ye, you). (various references) | |
Greek | Mil (mil, milli-inch), ένα χιλιοστό της ίντσας (mil, milli-inch), σύ (you), εσύ (you). (various references) | |
Hawaiian | ti (ye, you), ju (ye, you). (various references) | |
Hebrew | את" (you). (various references) | |
Hungarian | te (ye, you). (various references) | |
Icelandic | við (at, we, with, with/at, with/by, ye, you). (various references) | |
Indonesian | kau (ye, you), engkau (ye, you). (various references) | |
Italian | tu (ye, you). (various references) | |
Japanese Kanji | 爾汝 (you). (various references) | |
Japanese Katakana | じじょ (authors preface, autobiography, boys and girls, lady attendant, maid, order, second daughter, self-help, system, you). (various references) | |
Lombard | ti (ye, you). (various references) | |
Manx | uss (thee, thee emph, you, yourself), oo (thee, you). (various references) | |
Norwegian | du (ye, you). (various references) | |
Papiamen | señora (lady, madam, Mrs., wife, ye, you), señor (gentleman, lord, Mister, Mr., sir, ye, you), mener (gentleman, lord, Mister, Mr., sir, ye, you), boso (ye, you, your), bo (ye, you, your), aboso (ye, you), abo (ye, you). (various references) | |
Pig Latin | outhay.(various references) | |
Polish | ty (ye, you), wy (ye, you), panna (Miss, spinster, unmarried woman, ye, you), pani (ye, you), pan (gentleman, lord, Mr., ye, you). (various references) | |
Portuguese | tu (you, you informal). (various references) | |
Romanian | tu (thyself, ye, you, yourself). (various references) | |
Russian | хотя (albeit, although, notwithstanding, though), ты (ye, you). (various references) | |
Scottish | tu, thu, thu (and <A NAME="thù">thù</A> pers.pron. thou and you;, ye, you), sibh (ye, you). (various references) | |
Serbo-Croatian | ti (tee, thee, ye, you). (various references) | |
Spanish | tú (ye, you), vosotros (ye, you, yourselves), vosotras (ye, you, yourselves), ustedes (ye, you), usted (ye, you), mil (mil, one thousand, thousand). (various references) | |
Sranan | i (ye, you). (various references) | |
Swahili | wewe (ye, you). (various references) | |
Swedish | du (ye, yer, you). (various references) | |
Thai | หนึ่งพัน, คุ". (various references) | |
Turkish | sen (thee, ye, you). (various references) | |
Ukrainian | ти (you). (various references) | |
Vietnamese | ngươi, mi. (various references) | |
Welsh | tydi (thyself), ti (thee, you). (various references) | |
Zulu | wena (ye, you), u- (he, she, ye, you), ni- (ye, you). (various references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various translation references. | ||
| Language | Period | Translations |
| Avestan | 200-600 | tûm, tvêm. (various references) |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Language | Date | Source | Proverbs Chapter 1, Verse 10 |
| Greek (transliterated) | 250 BC | Septuagint | Uie mh se planhswsin andreV asebeiV mhde boulhqhV ean parakaleswsi se legonteV |
| Latin | 405 | Vulgate | Fili mi si te lactaverint peccatores ne adquiescas |
| Middle English | 1395 | Wyclif | My sone, if thee synneres fulfille with mylc, ne assente thou to them. |
| Jacobean English | 1611 | King James | My son, if sinners entice thee, consent thou not. |
| Victorian English | 1833 | Webster | My son, if sinners entice thee, consent thou not. |
| Basic English | 1964 | Ogden | My son, if sinners would take you out of the right way, do not go with them. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Language | Proverbs Chapter 1, Verse 10 |
| Cebuano | ¶ Anak ko, kong ang mga makasasala mag-ulog-ulog kanimo, Ayaw pag-uyon kanila. |
| Chinese | 我 ' 、 惡 人 若 引 誘 、 不 可 隨 從 。 |
| Croatian | Sine moj, ako te grešnici mame, ne pristaj; |
| Danish | Min Søn, sig nej, når Syndere lokker! |
| Dutch | Mijn zoon! indien de zondaars u aanlokken, bewillig niet; |
| Finnish | Poikani, jos synnintekijät sinua viekoittelevat, älä suostu. |
| French | Mon fils, si des pécheurs veulent te séduire, Ne te laisse pas gagner. |
| German | Mein Kind, wenn dich die bösen Buben locken, so folge nicht. |
| Haitian Creole | ¶ Pitit mwen, lè moun k'ap fè sa ki mal vle detounen ou, pa kite yo pran tèt ou. |
| Hungarian | Fiam, ha a bûnösök el akarnak csábítani téged: ne fogadd beszédöket. |
| Indonesian-Bahasa Sehari-hari | Kalau orang berdosa membujuk engkau, anakku, janganlah turuti bujukan mereka. |
| Indonesian-Terjemahan Lama | Hai anakku! jikalau orang jahat membujuk akan dikau, janganlah engkau turut akan dia. |
| Italian | Figlio mio, se i peccatori ti vogliono traviare, non acconsentire! |
| Korean | 내 아 " 아 악 한 자 가 너 를 꾈 지 라 도 좇 지 말 라 |
| Maori | ¶ E taku tama, ki te whakawaia koe e te hunga hara, kaua e whakaae. |
| Norwegian | Min sønn! Når syndere lokker dig, da samtykk ikke! |
| Portuguese | Filho meu, se os pecadores te quiserem seduzir, não consintas. |
| Rumanian | Fiule, dacq niwte pqcqtowi vor sq te amqgeascq, nu te lqsa ckwtigat de ei! |
| Russian | уЩО НПК! ЕУМЙ 'Х"ХФ УЛМПОСФШ ФЕ'С ЗТЕЫОЙЛЙ, ОЕ УПЗМБЫБКУС; |
| Spanish | Hijo mío, si los pecadores te quisieran persuadir, no lo consientas. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
Derivations | |
Words beginning with "thou": thoued, though, thought, thoughtful, thoughtfully, thoughtfulness, thoughtfulnesses, thoughtless, thoughtlessly, thoughtlessness, thoughtlessnesses, thoughts, thoughtway, thoughtways, thouing, thous, thousand, thousandfold, thousands, thousandth, thousandths. (additional references) | |
Words containing "thou": aforethought, afterthought, afterthoughts, although, aphthous, bethought, boathouse, boathouses, cathouse, cathouses, courthouse, courthouses, forethought, forethoughtful, forethoughtfully, forethoughtfulness, forethoughtfulnesses, forethoughts, guesthouse, guesthouses, hothouse, hothouses, lighthouse, lighthouses, merrythought, merrythoughts, methought, misthought, nuthouse, nuthouses, oasthouse, oasthouses, outhouse, outhouses, outthought, overthought, penthouse, penthouses, pesthouse, pesthouses, pilothouse, pilothouses, pothouse, pothouses, prognathous, rethought, unthought, watthour, watthours, without, withoutdoors. (additional references) | |
| |
"Thou" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: Htoo, khou, tahoo, tghou, thau, thaum, Thiounn, thoar, thob, thod, thoe, thog, thok, thol, thom, thoob, thop, thor, thot, thoud, thoug, thouh, thous, thout, thow, throu, thu, thuo, Tjuo, Toha, Tohou, tohue, tou, trou, tuoh, tvoeu, twou. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
| Words within the letters "h-o-t-u" | |
-1 letter: hot, hut, out, tho. | |
-2 letters: ho, oh, to, uh, ut. | |
| Words containing the letters "h-o-t-u" | |
+1 letter: couth, mouth, ought, quoth, routh, shout, south, thous, touch, tough, youth. | |
+2 letters: author, bought, couths, dought, drouth, fought, fourth, hognut, mahout, mouths, mouthy, nought, oughts, outhit, quotha, rouths, scouth, shouts, sought, souths, thoued, though, tophus, touche, touchy, toughs, toughy, trough, upshot, youths. | |
+3 letters: abought, authors, beshout, brought, cothurn, couther, couthie, doughty, drought, drouths, drouthy, fourths, foxhunt, futhorc, futhork, gunshot, handout, hangout, hautboy, hideout, hognuts, holdout, holibut, hotspur, loutish, mahouts, mouthed, mouther, mugshot, noughts, oughted, outchid, outecho, outfish, outgush, outhaul, outhear, outhits, outhowl, outhunt, outpush, outrush, outshot, outwash, outwish, prutoth, retouch, scouths, shotgun, shouted, shouter, shutoff, shutout, southed, souther, succoth, sukkoth, thorium, thought, thouing, through, touched, toucher, touches, touchup, toughed, toughen, tougher, toughie, toughly, troughs, typhous, uncouth, upshoot, upshots, upthrow, urolith, washout, without, wrought, yoghurt, youthen. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
| 1. Definition 2. Synonyms 3. Crosswords 4. Usage: Modern | 5. Usage: Commercial 6. Images: Slideshow 7. Images: Photo Album 8. Quotations: Familiar | 9. Quotations: Historic 10. Quotations: Fiction 11. Quotations: Non-fiction 12. Usage Frequency | 13. Names: Derived from 14. Expressions 15. Expressions: Internet 16. Translations: Modern | 17. Translations: Ancient 18. Bible Trace 19. Abbreviations 20. Acronyms | 21. Derivations 22. Anagrams 23. Bibliography |
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