Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
Definition: PENALTIES |
PENALTIESPlural1. Of Penalty |
Date "PENALTIES" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1120. (references) |
| Domain | Definitions |
Dream Interpretation | To dream that you have penalties imposed upon you, foretells that you will have duties that will rile you and find you rebellious. To pay a penalty, denotes sickness and financial loss. To escape the payment, you will be victor in some contest. Source: Ten Thousand Dreams Interpreted .... |
Economics | 1. Punishment, corporeal or pecuniary, or civil or criminal, although its meaning is generally confined to pecuniary punishment for doing an act that is prohibited or failing to do one which is required. 2. The sum of money which the obligor of a bond undertakes to pay in the event of his failure to perform his obligations under the conditions of the bond. (references) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Context | Synonyms within Context (source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus). |
Penalty | Noun: penalty; retribution; (punishment); pain, pains and penalties; weregild, wergild; peine forte et dure; penance; (atonement); the devil to pay. |
| Source: adapted from Roget's Thesaurus. | |
| Domain | Usage | |
Screenplays | Violation will result in penalties. (Hill Street Blues; writing credit: Steve Bello; David Black) | |
Movie/TV Titles | The Penalties of Reputation (1913) | |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | ||
| Domain | Title |
Books | |
Periodicals |
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Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| Thumbnail | Description & Credit |  | Prosperity has its penalties.Credit: Library of Congress. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |||
| Author | Quotation |
William Gilmore Simms | Tears are the natural penalties of pleasure. It is a law that we should pay for all that we enjoy. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | |
| Author | Date | Quotation |
John Locke | 1690 | This constrained them to come unto laws, wherein all men might see their duty beforehand, and know the penalties of transgressing them. (Second Treatise of Government) |
US Constitution | 1791 | Clause 1: Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do Business; but a smaller Number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the Attendance of absent Members, in such Manner, and under such Penalties as each House may provide. (reference) |
Treaty of Versailles | 1919 | The High Contracting Parties will subject contraventions of paragraph (a) of Article 296 to the same penalties as are at present provided by their legislation for trading with the enemy. (reference) |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Title | Author | Quote |
Gulliver's Travels | Swift, Jonathan | Whereupon the Emperor his father published an edict, commanding all his subjects, upon great penalties, to break the smaller end of their eggs. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| Subject | Topic | Quote |
Health | Governmental regulations that currently apply to most noisy industries should be revised to encompass all industries and all employees, strengthened in certain requirements, and strictly enforced with more inspections and more severe penalties for violations. (references) | |
Business | Environmental law enforcement is generally very efficient with a well-defined system of penalties. (references) | |
These provisions need to be watched carefully and violations will result in significant penalties. (references) | ||
Regulators will have the power to impose monetary penalties for past and ongoing breaches of license conditions. (references) | ||
Children | Mexico | The amendment also increased penalties for the sexual abuse or exploitation of children. (references) |
Hong Kong | Legal penalties for mistreatment or neglect of minors also were increased substantially. (references) | |
Greece | Education is free and compulsory through the ninth grade, but the legislation does not provide for enforcement or penalties. (references) | |
Civil Liberties | Italy | An immigration law passed in February 1998 levies high fines and penalties for land, air, and sea carriers that board passengers without documentation; however, large numbers of illegal immigrants from Eastern Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, China, and West Africa continued to arrive, primarily by sea. (references) |
India | The act places limitations on interfaith marriages and specifies penalties, such as 10 years' imprisonment, for clergymen who contravene its provisions. (references) | |
Botswana | Unregistered groups are potentially liable to penalties including fines up to $155 (1,000 Pula), up to 7 years in jail, or both. (references) | |
Economic History | Ukraine | Second, a stronger enforcement program with rewards and penalties needs to be enacted. (references) |
Yemen | Tribal kidnappings of foreigners have been on the decline since 1998, partly as a result of tough penalties enacted by the Yemeni government as a deterrent. (references) | |
Hong Kong | It decriminalizes parallel imports of copyrighted products one year after their release anywhere in the world, but maintains civil penalties. (references) | |
Human Rights | United Arab Emirates | Non-Muslims who are tried for criminal offenses in Shari'a courts may receive civil penalties at the discretion of the judge. (references) |
Belarus | The Administrative Offenses Code provides penalties for those who obstruct KGB officers. (references) | |
Dominican Republic | A 1997 law provides penalties for torture and physical abuse, including sentences of from 10 to 15 years in prison. (references) | |
Minorities | Iran | The law stipulates penalties for government workers who do not observe "Islam's principles and rules." Article 144 of the Constitution states that "the Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran must be an Islamic army," which is "committed to an Islamic ideology," and must "recruit into its service individuals who have faith in the objectives of the Islamic Revolution and are devoted to the cause of achieving its goals." Apostasy, or conversion from Islam to another religion, is punishable by death. (references) |
Russia | In Moscow such persons were subjected to far more frequent document checks than others and frequently were detained or fined in excess of permissible penalties. (references) | |
Japan | All foreign residents still are required to carry alien registration certificates at all times, but the revised law reduces the penalties imposed on those found without documentation. (references) | |
Political Economy | CHILE | The new code also sets forth enhanced penalties for anti-union activities. (references) |
CHILE | Industry sources say that penalties remain low relative to the potential earnings from piracy and that stiffer penalties would help to deter potential pirates. (references) | |
COSTA RICA | Software, audio and other industries vulnerable to copyright violations are also concerned that the new enforcement legislation is inadequate because it: 1) requires the party whose copyright is violated to file a complaint before a case can be prosecuted criminally; and 2) provides lesser penalties against violators than copyright owners requested. (references) | |
Political Rights | Swaziland | In general the report concluded that most Swazis want a continuation of the status quo, a strengthening of the King's powers, a continued ban against political parties, greater emphasis on traditional law and custom, and stiffer penalties for those who speak against the state. (references) |
Greece | Voting is mandatory for those over age 18; however, there are many conditions under which citizens may be exempted from voting, and penalties are not applied in practice. (references) | |
Trade | Nigeria | Any breach of regulation will be subject to stiff penalties. (references) |
Travel | Uk | UK penalties for drunk driving are stiff and often result in prison sentences. (references) |
Uk | Air travelers to and from the United Kingdom should be aware that penalties against alcohol-related and other in-flight crimes ("air rage") are stiff and are being enforced with prison sentences. (references) | |
Tanzania | The Department of State's consular information sheet on Tanzania reflects current information on Tanzania entry requirements, areas of instability, medical facilities, crime, photography restrictions, air transport, drug penalties and information concerning the U.S. Embassy; including telephone, telex and fax numbers. (references) | |
Women | Belize | The laws carry penalties of fines up to $500 (bz$1,000) or 1 year of imprisonment, and are weakly enforced. (references) |
Bhutan | The law contains a clear definition of criminal sexual assault and specifies penalties. (references) | |
Brazil | An offender accused of domestic violence in a case that does not involve a serious offense and carries penalties of less than 1 year's imprisonment may receive alternative sentencing with no jail term, according to the Latin American and Caribbean Committee for the Defense of Women's Rights. (references) | |
Worker Rights | Moldova | In July Parliament passed amendments to the law prohibiting trafficking and set severe penalties. (references) |
Turkey | A 1999 law dealing with "profit-motivated gangs" (Mafia) was intended to combat trafficking in persons, although it is not exclusively focused on the crime; this law provides for penalties of up to 6 years' imprisonment. (references) | |
Japan | In addition the 1999 revision to the immigration law established penalties for illegal stays separate from existing injunctions against illegal entry. (references) | |
Lexicography | Devil's Dictionary | EXCESS, n. In morals, an indulgence that enforces by appropriate penalties the law of moderation. Hail, high Excess -- especially in wine, To thee in worship do I bend the knee Who preach abstemiousness unto me -- My skull thy pulpit, as my paunch thy shrine. Precept on precept, aye, and line on line, Could ne'er persuade so sweetly to agree With reason as thy touch, exact and free, Upon my forehead and along my spine. At thy command eschewing pleasure's cup, With the hot grape I warm no more my wit; When on thy stool of penitence I sit I'm quite converted, for I can't get up. Ungrateful he who afterward would falter To make new sacrifices at thine altar! |
Source: compiled by the editor from ICON Group International, Inc.; see credits. | ||
| Speaker | Term | Phrase(s) |
Benjamin Harrison | 1889-1893 | A community where law is the rule of conduct and where courts, not mobs, execute its penalties is the only attractive field for business investments and honest labor. |
Theodore Roosevelt | 1901-1909 | We are the heirs of the ages, and yet we have had to pay few of the penalties which in old countries are exacted by the dead hand of a bygone civilization. |
Warren G. Harding | 1921-1923 | All the penalties will not be light, nor evenly distributed. |
Herbert C. Hoover | 1929-1933 | Ill-considered remedies for our faults bring only penalties after them. |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1963-1969 | This year, I will propose a Drug Control Act to provide stricter penalties for those who traffic in LSD and other dangerous drugs with our people. |
Jimmy Carter | 1977-1981 | That's why the United States has imposed stiff economic penalties on the Soviet Union. |
Source: compiled by the editor from various references. | ||
| "PENALTIES" is generally used as a noun (plural) -- approximately 98.69% of the time. "PENALTIES" is used about 1,140 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English. Its rank is based on over 700,000 words used in the English language. Some parts-of-speech are not covered due to the samples used by the British National Corpus. (note: percents less than one-hundredth of one percent have been omitted) |
| Parts of Speech | Percent | Usage per 100 Million Words | Rank in English |
| Noun (plural) | 98.69% | 1,125 | 6,779 |
| Noun (proper) | 1.31% | 15 | 90,616 |
| Total | 100.00% | 1,140 | N/A |
Source: compiled by the editor from several corpora; see credits.
Expressions using "PENALTIES": Bill of pains and penalties ♦ pains and penalties ♦ tax penalties. Additional references. | |
| Hypenated Usage | |
Ending with "PENALTIES": down-penalties, tap-penalties. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. | |
| The following statistics estimate the number of searches per day across the major English-language search engines as identified by various trade publications. Hyperlinks lead to commercial use of the expression at Amazon.com. |
| Language | Translations for "PENALTIES"; alternative meanings/domain in parentheses. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chinese | 惩罚 (Penalty, Punish, Punished, Punishing, Punitive). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Danish | straffebestemmelser (penal provisions), sanktionsbestemmelser (penal provisions), boeder (fines). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dutch | corrigerende sancties (penal provisions), boeten (do penance, fines, mend, patch, patch up), bekeuringen (fines). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finnish | rangaistussäännökset (penal provisions), rangaistukset (penal provisions). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
French | prescriptions pénales (penal provisions), contraventions, condamnations pécuniaires, amendes. (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
German | Strafen (chastise, punish, punishments, scourge, to chastise, to punish). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Greek | πρόστιμα και κυρώσεις (fines), ποινικές κυρώσεις (penal provisions). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Italian | multe (fines), disposizioni penali (penal provisions), ammende (fines). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Korean | 형벌 (Penalty). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pig Latin | enaltiespay prescrições penais (penal provisions). (various references) pedepse şi penalizãri (pains and penalties). (various references) штраф (fine, fines, mulct, penalty, surcharge, vindictive damages). (various references) multas (fines), infracciones (fines), disposiciones penales (penal provisions), condenas pecuniarias (fines). (various references) straffregler (penal provisions), sanktionsregler (penal provisions). (various references) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Misspellings | |
"PENALTIES" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: pedaliter, penalise, penalithe, penalities, penaltie, penaltriusm, penates, Penelis. (additional references) | |
| Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references). | |
| # of Phoneme Matches | Pronunciation | Word(s) rhyming with "PENALTIES" (pronounced pe"nultēz) |
| 5 | -u l t ē z | casualties, difficulties, faculties, loyalties, novelties, royalties, specialities, specialties, subtleties. |
| 4 | -l t ē z | cruelties, frailties. |
| 3 | -t ē z | abilities, abnormalities, absurdities, activities, affinities, ambiguities, amenities, amnesties, animosities, annuities, Antes, antiquities, anxieties, atrocities, authorities, availabilities, banalities, beauties, booties, bounties, brutalities, calamities, capabilities, capacities, causalities, cavities, celebrities, certainties, charities, christies, cities, committees, commodities, commonalities, communities, complexities, counties, curiosities, deformities, deities, densities, deputies, diabetes, disabilities, disability, disparities, ditties, divinities, duties, dynasties, eccentricities, eighties, empties, enmities, entities, entreaties, equities, extremities, facilities, fatalities, fatties, festivities, fidelities, fifties, formalities, forties, fraternities, generalities, gratuities, hostilities, humanities, humanity, identities, illegalities, immunities, improprieties, impurities, indemnities, indignities, inequalities, inequities, infidelities, infirmities, insecurities, instabilities, intensities, irregularities, lefties, legalities, liabilities, liberties, liquidities, localities, majorities, maturities, minorities, modalities, Montes, municipalities, nationalities, necessities, niceties, nineties, obscenities, oddities, opportunities, panties, parities, parties, patties, peculiarities, personalities, pieties, possibilities, pretties, principalities, priorities, probabilities, proclivities, propensities, properties, qualities, quantities, rarities, realities, responsibilities, rigidities, securities, sensibilities, sensitivities, seventies, shanties, similarities, sixties, societies, sororities, sorties, subcommittees, technicalities, thirties, tonalities, travesties, treaties, twenties, uncertainties, unfamiliarities, universities, utilities, vanities, varieties, velocities, verities, vigilantes, vulnerabilities, warranties, zlotys. |
Source: compiled by the editor (additional references); see credits. | ||
Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams | |
Direct Anagrams: antisleep, tapelines. | |
| Words within the letters "a-e-e-i-l-n-p-s-t" | |
-1 letter: panelist, pantiles, penalise, penlites, petaline, plainest, plenties, sepaline, tapeline. | |
-2 letters: alpines, aplites, elapine, elastin, entails, epistle, etesian, lateens, leanest, lineate, lisente, nailset, paliest, panties, pantile, patines, pelites, penates, penlite, pensile, pileate, pineals, pintles, plaints, planets, platens, platies, plenist, salient, saltine, sapient, setline, slainte, spaniel, spelean, spinate, splenia, talipes, tenails, tensile. | |
-3 letters: aliens, alines. | |
| Words containing the letters "a-e-e-i-l-n-p-s-t" | |
+1 letter: enthalpies, penalities, plasticene, septennial. | |
+2 letters: impalements, interpleads, pedestaling, petulancies, planimeters, plasticenes, sempiternal. | |
+3 letters: antiepilepsy, antipleasure, displacement, encephalitis, exponentials, interpolates, mantelpieces, misplacement, paltrinesses, pedestalling, pentlandites, personalties, pestilential, pitiableness, planetesimal, pleasantries, pliantnesses, poeticalness, postdeadline, presidential, replastering, septennially, vespertilian. | |
+4 letters: antipersonnel, antipleasures, conceptualise, displacements, elephantiases, elephantiasis, inoperculates, interpellates, interpersonal, interpleaders, lepidopterans, letterspacing, misplacements, openabilities, painterliness, paleobotanies, pentaploidies, personalities, phalansteries, phenomenalist, phentolamines, plaintiveness, planetesimals, planetologies, sempiternally, septentrional, splenetically, typicalnesses. | |
| Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro. | |
Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)50 45 4E 41 4C 54 49 45 53 |
| Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)
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| American Sign Language (origins from 1620-1817 in Italy and, especially, France) (references)
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| Semaphore (1791, in France) (references)
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| Braille (1829, in France) (references)
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Morse Code (1836) (references).--. . -. .- .-.. - .. . ... |
| Dancing Men (Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, 1903) (references)
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Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)01010000 01000101 01001110 01000001 01001100 01010100 01001001 01000101 01010011 |
HTML Code (1990) (references)P E N A L T I E S |
ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)0050 0045 004E 0041 004C 0054 0049 0045 0053 |
| British Sign Language (Fingerspelling, BSL; 1992, British Deaf Association Dictionary of British Sign Language) (references)
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Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)503948354654433953 |
| 1. Definition 2. Crosswords 3. Usage: Modern 4. Usage: Commercial | 5. Images: Photo Album 6. Quotations: Familiar 7. Quotations: Historic 8. Quotations: Fiction | 9. Quotations: Non-fiction 10. Quotations: Speeches 11. Usage Frequency 12. Expressions | 13. Expressions: Internet 14. Translations: Modern 15. Derivations 16. Rhymes | 17. Anagrams 18. Orthography 19. Bibliography |
Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.
