NEWTON'S LAWS OF MOTION

  

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NEWTON'S LAWS OF MOTION

Crosswords: NEWTON'S LAWS OF MOTION

English words defined with "NEWTON'S LAWS OF MOTION": celestial mechanics, classical mechanicsEdmond Halley, Edmund HalleyHalleyNewtonian mechanics. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Specialty Definition: Newton's laws of motion

(From Wikipedia, the free Encyclopedia)

Newton's laws of motion (also called the laws of inertia) are the three scientific laws which Isaac Newton discovered concerning the behaviour of moving bodies. These laws are fundamental to classical mechanics.

Newton first published these laws in Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (1687) and used them to prove many results concerning the motion of physical objects. In the third volume (of the text), he showed how, combined with his Law of Universal Gravitation, the laws of motion would explain Kepler's laws of planetary motion.

Newton's First Law (Law of Inertia)

Alternative formulations:

This means that a stationary object will remain stationary, and a moving object will continue to move (in a straight line and at a constant speed), unless a force acts upon it. In everyday life, the force of friction usually acts upon moving objects. Newton's law indicates that some force (gravity) must be acting upon the planets, as they do not travel in a straight line.

Newton's Second Law

Alternative formulations:

This is expressed by the equation:

This equation expresses that the more force an object receives, the greater its acceleration will be. The quantity m, or mass, in the above equation is the constant of proportionality, and is a characteristic of the object. This equation, therefore, indirectly defines the concept of mass.

In the equation, F = ma, a is directly measurable but F is not. The second law only has meaning if we are able to assert, in advance, the value of F. Rules for calculating force include Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation.

Taken together with Newton's Third Law of Motion, it implies the Law of Conservation of Momentum.

Newton's Third Law

Alternative formulations:

If you strike an object with a force of 200 N, then the object also strikes you (with a force of 200 N). Not only does a bullet exert force upon a target; but, the target exerts equal force upon the bullet. Not only do planets accelerate toward stars; but, stars accelerate toward planets. The reaction force has the same line of action, and is of the same type and magnitude as the original force.

Importance of Newton's laws of motion

Newton's laws of motion, together with his Law of Universal Gravitation and the mathematical techniques of calculus, provided for the first time a unified quantitative explanation for a wide range of physical phenomena, including falling bodies; motion of bodies in fluids; projectiles; motion on an inclined plane; motion of a pendulum; the tides; the orbits of the Moon and the planets. The law of conservation of momentum, which Newton derived as a corollary of his second and third laws, was the first conservation law to be discovered.

Newton's laws were verified by experiment and observation for over 200 years, until 1916, when they were superseded by Einstein's theory of relativity. Newton's laws still provide a completely adequate approximation for the behaviour of objects in "everyday" situations.

Source: adapted by the editor from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia under a copyleft GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL) from the article "Newton's laws of motion."

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Specialty Definition: NEWTON'S LAWS OF MOTION

DomainDefinition

Physics

Newton's first law of motionA body continues in its state of constant velocity (which may be zero) unless it is acted upon by an external force. (Sir I. Newton). (references)

Science

Newton's three laws of motion are: 1. Every body continues in a state of uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by some external force. 2. The time rate of change of momentum (mass x velocity) is proportional to the impressed force. In the usual case where the mass does not change, this law can be expressed in the familiar form: force = mass x acceleration or F = ma. 3. To every force or action, there is always an equal and opposite reaction. Kepler's three laws of planetary motion, which had been derived empirically by Johannes Kepler, were obtained with mathematical rigor as a consequence of Newton's law of universal gravitation in conjunction with his three laws of motion. See Kepler's three laws of motion. (references)

Space

Three laws which form the foundation of classical mechanics, i.e. of the theory of ordinary motions (not motions on an atomic scale, covered by quantum mechanics, and not at velocities close to that of light, covered by relativity). The laws introduce the concepts of force and mass and state (in modern termsIn the absence of forces, an object ("body") at rest stays at rest, and an object moving in a straight line with constant velocity persists in doing so. A (small) body subject to a force accelerates; the acceleration is in the direction of the force and proportional to its magnitude, and inversely proportional to the mass of the body: F = maForces are produced in pairs, in opposite directions and equal magnitudes. (references)

Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

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Misspellings: NEWTON'S LAWS OF MOTION

Misspellings

"NEWTON'S LAWS OF MOTION" is suggested in spellcheckers for the following: newtons laws of motion. (additional references)

Source: compiled by the editor, based on several corpora (additional references).

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Alternative Orthography: NEWTON'S LAWS OF MOTION


Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

4E 45 57 54 4F 4E 27 53      4C 41 57 53      4F 46      4D 4F 54 49 4F 4E

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

            

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

01001110 01000101 01010111 01010100 01001111 01001110 00100111 01010011 00100000 01001100 01000001 01010111 01010011 00100000 01001111 01000110 00100000 01001101 01001111 01010100 01001001 01001111 01001110

HTML Code (1990) (references)

&#78 &#69 &#87 &#84 &#79 &#78 &#39 &#83 &#32 &#76 &#65 &#87 &#83 &#32 &#79 &#70 &#32 &#77 &#79 &#84 &#73 &#79 &#78

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

004E 0045 0057 0054 004F 004E 0027 0053      004C 0041 0057 0053      004F 0046      004D 004F 0054 0049 004F 004E

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

483957544948953246355753249402474954434948

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INDEX

1. Crosswords
2. Derivations
3. Orthography
4. Bibliography


  

Copyright © Philip M. Parker, INSEAD. Terms of Use.