GRACE HOPPER

Domain	Definition
Computing	Grace Hopper US Navy Rear Admiral Grace Brewster Hopper (1906-12-09 to 1992-01-01), née Grace Brewster Murray. Hopper is believed to have concieved the concept of the compiler with the A-0 in 1952. She also developed the first commercial high-level language, which eventually evolved into COBOL. She worked on the Mark I computer with Howard Aiken and with BINAC in 1949. She is credited with having coined the term "debug", and the adage "it is always easier to ask forgiveness than it is to get permission" (with various wordings), which has been the guiding principle in sysadmin decisions ever since. See also the entries debug and bug. Hopper is buried at Arlington National Cemetery. In 1994, the US Navy named a new ship, the guided-missile destroyer USS Hopper (http://www.hopper.navy.mil/), after her. (1999-06-29). Source: The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Photo Album: GRACE HOPPER

Thumbnail	Description & Credit
	Dr. Grace Hopper, director, Systems Research, Remington Rand, half-length portrait, seated, facing front, smoking cigarette. Credit: Library of Congress.
Source: pictures compiled by the editor from various references; see picture credits.

Frequency of Internet Keywords: GRACE HOPPER

Anagrams: GRACE HOPPER

Scrabble® Enable2K-Verified Anagrams
	Words within the letters "a-c-e-e-g-h-o-p-p-r-r"
	-3 letters: copperah, preacher, prophage, recharge, reproach.
	-4 letters: caperer, charger, cheaper, chopper, coherer, crapper, cropper, ochreae, paperer, peacher, percher, poacher, prepare, prepreg, prerace, procarp, reacher, repaper.
	-5 letters: apogee, archer, capper, career, carhop, carper, charge, charro, cheapo, cheero, chegoe, chorea, cohere, copper, coppra, coprah, echoer, eparch, gherao, gopher, grocer, groper, harper, hearer, hopper, ochrea, ocreae, orache.
	Words containing the letters "a-c-e-e-g-h-o-p-p-r-r"
	+4 letters: spectrographies.
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits. SCRABBLE® is a registered trademark. All intellectual property rights in and to the game are owned in the U.S.A and Canada by Hasbro Inc., and throughout the rest of the world by J.W. Spear & Sons Limited of Maidenhead, Berkshire, England, a subsidiary of Mattel Inc. Mattel and Spear are not affiliated with Hasbro.

Alternative Orthography: GRACE HOPPER

Hexadecimal (or equivalents, 770AD-1900s) (references)

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519; backwards) (references)

Binary Code (1918-1938, probably earlier) (references)

HTML Code (1990) (references)

ISO 10646 (1991-1993) (references)

Encryption (beginner's substitution cypher): (references)

Expression	Frequency per Day
grace hopper	75
grace hopper murray	24
admiral grace hopper	5
dr grace hopper	4
computer did discover grace hopper in	2
grace hopper quote	2
Source: compiled by the editor from various references; see credits.

Specialty Definition: GRACE HOPPER